Pre-Course Material: Practice Solutions Functions For cach rule f : A+ B below, state whether or not f i a function by typing ‘yes! ot ‘no’ in the corresponding box. ®) 0) C) @) A= (0,5), B= (1,26), f(z) = 2241 ‘Answer: (35) ‘Tabr 5 € A. We have /(5) = 26, which is not an element of B. A= (0,5), B= (0,28), f(z) = 2241 ‘Answer: [35] For every € A, there is a single clement f(z) € B, in agreement with the definition of a funetion f : A B. =[-2.3), B=R, fle) = vi ‘Answer: (35) ‘The rule f(2) = V7 is not defined for x € A such that x < 0. = [1,2 B= (-1o4h Je) =v Answer: For every 1 € A, there is a single clement f(x) € B, in agroement with the definition of a funetion f:A > B.Some elementary functions and their graphs Use the Circle method to answer the following, questions, 1 (a) Given that cos = +, find cos(@ + 6), Answer: cos(0+ 6x) = Gi] © Answer: cos(0 +52) =|—+ ‘As dr is an integer multiple of 27, cos(0 (On the unit circle, the point correspon ‘opposite the point correspor 5x) = cos(0 +x + 4x) = cos(0 + 5). to the angle 0+ is diametrically (©) Given that @ = 3 sin and con = 4. On the unit circle, the We know that when 6 = 3, sind 4 cong = 5. On the unit circle, th point corresponding to angle @ lies in the fourth quadrant, so it satisfies (@) Given that ¢ = 7, find sin and cosAnswer: sin# On the unit circle, the point ts corresponding to angle @ = — = Z-+-x = ¢-n is diametrically opposite the point corresponding to angle 6, so sin@ and cos}Combinations of functions Consider the function f : R + R given by f(z)=2-1 and the function g : R -+ R given by g(x) =2-3. (a) Find expressions (f © g)(x) and (g 0 f)(z) for the compositions f © g and 9 0 f. expressing each answer in the simplified form a + br + er?, where a,b,c € R. Answer: (fo9)(r) =[2 = 6r+8], (go f(x) =[P=4 We have (Fea)lz) = F(o(2)) = f(z -3) = (2-3-1 (go f\(z) = 9(f(z)) = (2? = 1) = (2? = 1) = (b) For which input x € R is the quotient function f/g not defined? ‘The quotient function f/g is not defined for any value of x € R for which g(2) = 0, that is, for x = 3. (c) At what points 2, € R and x, € R, where x, 00 ©: (f/q)(z) + 0> (that is, (f/9)(2) approaches zero from the left) D: (f/9)(2) —+ 0° (that is, (f/9)() approaches zero from the right) Answer: B and D ‘As x + —1* (that is, as x approaches —1 from the right), g(z) + —4* snd Hea) + 0 There, 4/92) = BE sco ana (ye) = LED 50°, a both f(2) and g(2) have negative values.Inverse functions ‘Consider the funetion f : (—o0,0] — [5, 00) given by S(z)=245 ‘and the function g : (5,00) + (0, 0) given by ay) = -Vo=5. (a) Find an expression in terms of x for the composition ge f : (~20, 0] > (20,0). Note that if x <0, Vz? = —r. ‘The composition ge f : (00,0) -+ (20,0) is defined by (92 Nz) = 9(f(2)) = 9" +5) = - VP +3) - 5 = -VF = ~(-2) =2, where /7 = x because x € (—00, 0] (that is, x < 0). (b) Find an expression in terms of y for the composition f og: [5,0) (5,00). ‘The composition f 0 9: [5,90) ~» [5,90) is defined by (F0.9)tu) = S(9(u)) = (-V=3) = (- Vu =5)? +5 = (y-5) +5 =u (6) Decide if the following statement is true of false ““q is the inverse function of f.” ‘Type ‘T" or ‘F’ in the box below.= Soe act the tri fimtion on (—0,0] df 09 the Letty Emetiom fn [5,ce), f and g are inverse functions.Our elementary functions and their inverses Consider the function f : 0,90) 2,00) given by Ja) =2°. (a) Find (0), f(1) and f(2). Hence make a rough sketch of the graph of f. Answer: (0) =), fa) =), £2) = 2) We have $0) =2! =2, fl) =P =4, J(2)= 2 = 32, 0 a rough sketch of the graph of f should reveal that the inverse function exists (b) Observing from your sketch that the inverse function f-! :[2,00) > [0,00) exists, find the values of a,b € R for which Fy) = (log, y +0) is an expression for the inverse function, ‘Answer «= [2], 6= [I ‘Making x the subject of the equation y = 2"°*1, we have logy =27+1 = log: y—1 ‘Taking square roots, we get that = £(log,y — 1)" Since 2 € (0,00), we have x > 0, so we select the positive root. Therefore = (logs y = 1)".