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Life expectancy
The average life expectancy of a country usually draws a conclusion to medical and
hygienic standard.

The oldest people in the world can be 115 years and even older. Most of these records
were set in the US, Japan and a few European countries. The usual retirement period, is
often not more than 10-15 years instead. The following comparison shows that it can be
quite different in other countries.

Remarkable: The most expensive microstates are again on top of this ranking.

▼ Ranking by country
▼ Worldwide development
▼ Differentiation by region

Life expectancy for men and women

A male child born in the United States today will be 76.3 years old on average. This puts the male citizens of the US in 38th place in this ranking. On
average, US women are even 5.1 years older, reaching an age of 81.4. The world average age of death instead, is a few years lower at 70.6 years for
men and 75.1 years for women. Within the European Union, these are 78.4 and respectively 83.8 years.

Birth rate and death rate are given in births/deaths per 1000 inhabitants within 1 year. The table shows the official data from the year 2019. In some
minor cases, no data of this year are known, so that the previously published data were used.

Country Life expectancy males Life expectancy females Birth rate Death rate
Hong Kong 82.2 years 88.1 years 7.0 ‰ 6.5 ‰

Switzerland 81.9 years 85.6 years 10.0 ‰ 7.9 ‰

Japan 81.4 years 87.5 years 7.0 ‰ 11.1 ‰

Singapore 81.4 years 85.7 years 8.8 ‰ 5.0 ‰

Sweden 81.3 years 84.7 years 11.1 ‰ 8.6 ‰

Macao 81.3 years 87.2 years 10.9 ‰ 4.0 ‰

Norway 81.2 years 84.7 years 10.2 ‰ 7.6 ‰

Italy 81.1 years 85.4 years 7.0 ‰ 10.5 ‰

Israel 81.0 years 84.7 years 20.1 ‰ 5.1 ‰

Iceland 81.0 years 84.2 years 12.3 ‰ 6.3 ‰

Spain 80.9 years 86.2 years 7.6 ‰ 8.8 ‰

Australia 80.9 years 85.0 years 12.1 ‰ 6.7 ‰

Netherlands 80.5 years 83.6 years 9.7 ‰ 8.8 ‰

Ireland 80.4 years 84.3 years 12.1 ‰ 6.3 ‰

Luxembourg 80.3 years 84.7 years 10.0 ‰ 6.9 ‰

South Korea 80.3 years 86.3 years 5.9 ‰ 5.7 ‰

Canada 80.0 years 84.2 years 9.9 ‰ 7.6 ‰

New Zealand 80.0 years 83.5 years 12.0 ‰ 6.9 ‰

France 79.7 years 85.6 years 11.2 ‰ 9.1 ‰

Belgium 79.6 years 84.0 years 10.1 ‰ 9.5 ‰

Austria 79.5 years 84.2 years 9.6 ‰ 9.4 ‰

Greece 79.5 years 84.5 years 7.8 ‰ 11.7 ‰

United Kingdom 79.4 years 83.1 years 10.7 ‰ 9.0 ‰

Denmark 79.3 years 83.2 years 10.5 ‰ 9.3 ‰

Finland 79.2 years 84.5 years 8.3 ‰ 9.8 ‰

Qatar 79.1 years 82.0 years 9.4 ‰ 1.2 ‰

Germany 78.6 years 83.4 years 9.4 ‰ 11.3 ‰

Slovenia 78.5 years 84.2 years 9.3 ‰ 9.9 ‰

Bermuda 78.1 years 85.8 years 8.3 ‰ 8.4 ‰

Portugal 78.0 years 83.5 years 8.4 ‰ 10.9 ‰

Chile 77.8 years 82.4 years 12.2 ‰ 6.3 ‰

Costa Rica 77.7 years 82.9 years 13.7 ‰ 5.2 ‰

United Arab Emirates 77.3 years 79.3 years 10.2 ‰ 1.5 ‰

Albania 77.0 years 80.2 years 11.6 ‰ 8.1 ‰

Cuba 76.8 years 80.8 years 10.0 ‰ 9.1 ‰

Puerto Rico 76.5 years 83.5 years 6.4 ‰ 9.4 ‰

Bahrain 76.4 years 78.4 years 13.6 ‰ 2.4 ‰

United States 76.3 years 81.4 years 11.4 ‰ 8.7 ‰

Czechia 76.3 years 82.1 years 10.5 ‰ 10.5 ‰

Algeria 75.7 years 78.1 years 23.6 ‰ 4.7 ‰

Iran 75.6 years 77.9 years 18.4 ‰ 4.8 ‰

Morocco 75.4 years 77.9 years 18.5 ‰ 5.1 ‰

Croatia 75.4 years 81.6 years 8.9 ‰ 12.7 ‰

Bosnia and Herzegovina 74.9 years 79.9 years 7.9 ‰ 10.9 ‰

China 74.8 years 79.2 years 10.5 ‰ 7.1 ‰

Kuwait 74.8 years 76.6 years 13.3 ‰ 2.8 ‰

Turkey 74.7 years 80.6 years 15.8 ‰ 5.4 ‰

Colombia 74.5 years 80.0 years 14.7 ‰ 5.6 ‰

Montenegro 74.4 years 79.3 years 11.7 ‰ 10.8 ‰

Estonia 74.4 years 82.8 years 10.6 ‰ 11.6 ‰

Ecuador 74.3 years 79.8 years 19.5 ‰ 5.1 ‰

Malaysia 74.2 years 78.3 years 16.6 ‰ 5.2 ‰

Poland 74.1 years 81.8 years 9.9 ‰ 10.8 ‰

Peru 74.1 years 79.5 years 17.8 ‰ 5.6 ‰

Saudi Arabia 73.9 years 76.8 years 17.3 ‰ 3.5 ‰

North Macedonia 73.8 years 77.8 years 10.7 ‰ 10.1 ‰

Sri Lanka 73.6 years 80.3 years 15.5 ‰ 6.8 ‰

Thailand 73.5 years 80.9 years 10.2 ‰ 7.8 ‰

Argentina 73.2 years 80.0 years 16.8 ‰ 7.6 ‰

Serbia 73.1 years 78.4 years 9.3 ‰ 14.6 ‰

Honduras 73.0 years 77.6 years 21.3 ‰ 4.5 ‰

Hungary 72.9 years 79.3 years 9.5 ‰ 13.3 ‰

Jamaica 72.9 years 76.1 years 15.9 ‰ 7.6 ‰

Paraguay 72.3 years 76.4 years 20.3 ‰ 5.5 ‰

Brazil 72.2 years 79.6 years 13.7 ‰ 6.5 ‰

Mexico 72.2 years 77.9 years 17.3 ‰ 6.1 ‰

Romania 71.8 years 79.3 years 9.6 ‰ 13.4 ‰

Lithuania 71.5 years 81.0 years 9.8 ‰ 13.7 ‰

Bulgaria 71.5 years 78.5 years 8.8 ‰ 15.5 ‰

Guatemala 71.4 years 77.2 years 24.2 ‰ 4.7 ‰

Armenia 71.3 years 78.5 years 13.6 ‰ 9.8 ‰

Vietnam 71.3 years 79.5 years 16.5 ‰ 6.4 ‰

Mauritius 71.1 years 77.6 years 10.2 ‰ 8.8 ‰

Dominican Republic 71.0 years 77.4 years 19.2 ‰ 6.2 ‰

Bangladesh 70.9 years 74.6 years 17.9 ‰ 5.5 ‰

Latvia 70.8 years 79.9 years 9.8 ‰ 14.5 ‰

Azerbaijan 70.5 years 75.5 years 14.1 ‰ 5.6 ‰

Egypt 69.7 years 74.4 years 25.7 ‰ 5.8 ‰

Indonesia 69.6 years 74.0 years 17.7 ‰ 6.5 ‰

Georgia 69.3 years 78.1 years 13.2 ‰ 12.8 ‰

Belarus 69.3 years 79.4 years 9.3 ‰ 12.8 ‰

Nepal 69.3 years 72.2 years 19.6 ‰ 6.3 ‰

Tonga 69.0 years 72.9 years 24.0 ‰ 7.1 ‰

Kazakhstan 68.8 years 77.3 years 21.7 ‰ 7.2 ‰

Bolivia 68.7 years 74.5 years 21.5 ‰ 6.8 ‰

North Korea 68.6 years 75.7 years 13.8 ‰ 9.2 ‰

Iraq 68.6 years 72.7 years 28.6 ‰ 4.7 ‰

India 68.5 years 71.0 years 17.6 ‰ 7.3 ‰

El Salvador 68.5 years 77.8 years 18.1 ‰ 7.1 ‰

Venezuela 68.3 years 76.0 years 17.6 ‰ 7.1 ‰

Russia 68.2 years 78.2 years 9.8 ‰ 13.3 ‰

Cambodia 67.5 years 71.9 years 22.0 ‰ 6.0 ‰

Timor-Leste 67.5 years 71.6 years 29.3 ‰ 5.9 ‰

Philippines 67.3 years 75.5 years 20.2 ‰ 5.9 ‰

Ukraine 66.9 years 77.0 years 8.1 ‰ 14.7 ‰

Pakistan 66.3 years 68.3 years 27.8 ‰ 6.9 ‰

Mongolia 65.8 years 74.1 years 23.4 ‰ 6.3 ‰

Senegal 65.8 years 69.9 years 34.0 ‰ 5.6 ‰

Fiji 65.7 years 69.3 years 21.0 ‰ 8.3 ‰

Madagascar 65.4 years 68.7 years 32.4 ‰ 5.9 ‰

Ethiopia 64.7 years 68.5 years 31.9 ‰ 6.4 ‰

Yemen 64.4 years 67.8 years 29.9 ‰ 6.0 ‰

Kenya 64.3 years 69.0 years 28.3 ‰ 5.4 ‰

Burma 64.0 years 70.1 years 17.4 ‰ 8.2 ‰

Sudan 63.5 years 67.2 years 31.8 ‰ 7.1 ‰

Afghanistan 63.4 years 66.4 years 31.8 ‰ 6.3 ‰

Ghana 63.0 years 65.2 years 29.0 ‰ 7.2 ‰

Haiti 61.8 years 66.2 years 24.0 ‰ 8.4 ‰

Niger 61.3 years 63.6 years 45.6 ‰ 8.0 ‰

Zambia 60.8 years 66.9 years 35.8 ‰ 6.3 ‰

South Africa 60.7 years 67.7 years 20.1 ‰ 9.4 ‰

Gambia 60.7 years 63.5 years 38.1 ‰ 7.7 ‰

Zimbabwe 59.8 years 62.9 years 29.7 ‰ 7.8 ‰

Congo (Dem. Republic) 59.1 years 62.2 years 40.6 ‰ 9.3 ‰

Angola 58.4 years 64.0 years 40.2 ‰ 8.0 ‰

Cameroon 58.0 years 60.6 years 34.9 ‰ 9.1 ‰

Equatorial Guinea 57.7 years 59.9 years 32.8 ‰ 9.1 ‰

Ivory Coast 56.6 years 59.1 years 35.5 ‰ 9.9 ‰

Somalia 55.7 years 59.1 years 41.6 ‰ 10.7 ‰

Nigeria 53.8 years 55.6 years 37.4 ‰ 11.6 ‰

Chad 52.8 years 55.7 years 41.7 ‰ 11.9 ‰

Central Africa 51.1 years 55.5 years 35.1 ‰ 12.0 ‰

Development of life expectancy worldwide

In the years 1960 to 2019, life expectancy has increased perceptibly worldwide. Starting at 50.7 years, it increased for men by 19.8 years to 70.6 years.
For women, life expectancy increased since 1960 by 20.5 years from 54.6 up to an average of 75.1 years.

Differentiation by region

Life expectancy in Africa Male Female

Western Africa 57.09 years 59.16 years

Northern Africa 70.15 years 73.87 years

Eastern Africa 62.78 years 67.07 years

Central Africa 58.24 years 61.73 years

Southern Africa 60.54 years 67.43 years

Life expectancy in America Male Female

North America 76.68 years 81.69 years

Caribbean 70.77 years 75.69 years

South America 72.73 years 79.37 years

Central America 72.22 years 78.03 years

Life expectancy in Asia Male Female

East Asia 75.37 years 80.08 years

Southeast Asia 69.64 years 75.65 years

South Asia 68.71 years 71.29 years

Western Asia 72.31 years 77.01 years

Central Asia 68.75 years 74.64 years

Life expectancy in Australia Male Female

Australia/New Zealand 80.75 years 84.75 years

Life expectancy in Europe Male Female

Western Europe 79.39 years 84.34 years

Northern Europe 79.28 years 83.36 years

Eastern Europe 69.72 years 78.80 years

Southern Europe 79.70 years 84.55 years

Life expectancy in Oceania Male Female

Polynesia 72.96 years 77.13 years

Melanesia 64.41 years 67.19 years

Micronesia 69.04 years 75.05 years

What is life expectancy?

The life expectancy indicates the expected age that is estimated for a human at the time of
birth. This number of years is determined mainly from the current mortality rates. However,
since these data only take into account the past, additional estimates are included to
determine the future age due to external influences. These can be environmental factors as
well as developments in health care. The average life expectancy is therefore not a measured
value, but a prognosis for the future.

As the life expentancy steadily increases in most countries, the currect average age of death
is bit lower than the expected. Depending on the country, it is between 2 and 5 years lower.

Above all, life expectancy is a result of the living conditions of a person or a population group.
Essential factors are e.g. medical care, a constant and balanced nutrition and drinking water
supply. These factors are significantly influenced by political factors, which is why life
expectancy often derives from a country's standard of living.

The difference between men and women

In the vast majority of countries, women are 4-8 years older than men. According to many scientists, this is not a purely biological difference. Instead it
is also attributed to the different behaviors. According to this view, men are less careful about their bodies than women. In fact, smokers and alcohol
consumers are more common among men. Also physical stress with simultaneous aversions against medical treatments and health precaution are
responsible for this. Indeed, there is also an additional genetic reason for women's longer lives.

Influence of the mortality rate of children

A significant impact on life expectancy is the mortality rate of children. Both in the Middle Ages, as well as in the developing countries today, the death
rate of children at birth or in the first few years of life is disproportionately high. These factors are already included in the average life expectancy. If one
subtracts the proportion of children already deceased after the first years of living, the "average" is maintained, but the life expectancy of the rest
increases distinctively.

Average age by country Quality of life in country comparison Population growth by country

Rising average age worldwide: since 1950 alone, Compare the quality of life around the globe: In Population development since 1960 in global
more than 4 years. A list by country. which countries is life pleasant, safe and healthy? comparison

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