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Batch 22 - PDF Final
Batch 22 - PDF Final
Submitted by,
P.BARATH 19ME010
M.DINESH KANNA 19ME018
A.GNANARAJA 19ME023
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
Dr.H. KANAGASABAPATHY M.E,Ph.D., Mr. R.VENKATESH M.E.,
Professor &Head of the Department, Assistant Professor,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
P.S.R. Engineering college, P.S.R. Engineering college,
Sivakasi-626140. Sivakasi-626140.
IV
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, we would like to thank God, the Almighty, for having made
everything possible by giving us strength and courage this project successfully.
We acknowledge with great gratitude to all those helped us to make this project
a great success.
At very outset, we express our since thanks to our beloved parents, who
have blessed us with healthy constitution and has bestowed upon us the required
skill to purpose this course.
We unreservedly express our indebtedness to our Managing Trustee and
Correspondent Thiru.R.Solaisamy & Managing Trustee and Director
Mrs.S.Vigneswari Arunkumar B.Tech., for providing the needed facilities.
It is with deep sense of gratitude that we wish to express our heart thanks to
our beloved Principal Dr.B.G.Vishnuram M.E.,Ph.D.,FIE.,FIV., for his
unbound dynamism.
We pour our profound gratitude to respected Dr.H.Kanagasabapathy
M.E.,Ph.D., Head of the Department, Department of Mechanical Engineering for
providing ample facilities made available to undergo the project successfully.
We thank our supervisor Mr.R.Venkatesh M.E., Assistant Professor,
Department of Mechanical Engineering for his excellent guidance patiently
throughout my project work.
We also wish to express our sincere thanks to our Project Coordinator
Mr.Y.Kumarasamy M.E., Assistant Professor, for having helped us with
excellent suggestion and hints, which facilitated our task very much.
I also bound to thank our Faculty Members, Reviewers and Technicians
of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, whose support and cooperation
contributed much to complete this project work.
II
ABSTRACT
With the growing stages in generation, the efforts required in reaching the favored
output can be correctly and economically be reduced with the aid of the implementation
of better designs. Power screws are used to convert rotary motion into translator motion.
A hydraulic jack is an instance of a power screw in which a small pressure carried out
in a horizontal plane is used to raising and lowering the load. The mechanical gain of a
hydraulic jack is the ratio of the load implemented to the effort applied. The hydraulic
jack is operated through manually or robotically with the help of fluids present in the
cylinder. The peak of the jack is adjusted via plunger inside the cylinder and this
adjustment may be done either manually or with the aid of integrating an electric motor.
This research paper analyzes the change of the present motor hydraulic jack by way of
incorporating an electric powered circuit for the faraway with the intention to make load
lifting less difficult. on this modified layout, the crank wheel is rotated by way of
connecting motor through regularly occurring coupling, plugged to the auto 12 V battery
source to generate energy for the high mover (motor), which transmits its rotating speed
to the crank wheel to be rotated with required speed discount and extended torque to
pressure the crank wheel. The significance and motive of this work is to alter the
prevailing car jack on the way to make the operation less difficult, more secure and
greater dependable with a purpose to reduce health risks specially lower back ache
issues related to doing paintings in a bent or squatting function for an extended period
of time. The changed vehicle jack is simple to apply by ladies or whoever had problem
with the vehicle tyres alongside the road. The designed faraway controlled hydraulic
jack may also store time and requires less human power to operate.
IIII
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I
ABSTRACT II
LIST OF FIGURES VI
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Hydraulics 1
1.1.1Basics of hydraulics
1.2 Pascal’s law 3
2 LITERATURE REVIEW 8
3 PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION 12
VI
3.2 The drawback of existing 12
system
12
3.3 Objectives
4 DESCRIPTION OF MAJOR 13
COMPONENTS IN THE
MACHINE
4.1 Hydraulic bottle jack 13
4.2 Dc motor 14
4.3 RF circuit 14
4.4 Lead acid battery 15
4.5 specification of major 16
components
5 CALCULATION 17
6 FABRICATION PROCESS 20
7 WORKING PRINCIPLE 21
9 CONCLUSION 23
10 REFERENCE 24
IV
LIST OF FIGURES
5 Toe jack 7
7 Dc motor 14
V
LIST OF TABLES
V
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Hydraulics
Hydraulics is a field of applied science and engineering dealing with the
mechanical properties of fluid. Fluid mechanics provides the theoretical
foundation of hydraulics, which focuses on the engineering uses of fluid
properties. In fluid power, hydraulics is used for the generation, control &
transmission of power by the use of pressurized liquid. Hydraulic range
through most science and engineering disciplines, and covers concepts such
as pipe flow, dam design, fluidics and fluid control circuitry, pumps, turbines,
hydropower, computational fluid dynamics and flow measurement.
1
Pressure
Pressure is a force exerted against a specific area (force per unit area)
expressed in psi (pounds per square inch), Bar, or Pascal. Pressure can cause
an expansion, or resistance to compression, of a fluid that is being squeezed.
A fluid is any liquid or gas (vapor).
An example of the pressure is the air (gas) that fills an automobile
tyre. As a type is inflated, more air is squeezed into it that it can hold. The air
inside a tyre resists the squeezing by pushing outward on the casing of the
tyre. The outward push of the air is pressure. Equal pressure throughout a
confined area is a characteristic of any pressurized fluid.
P= F/A
Common symbol - P
Force
The force is an external agent which produces or tends to produce
change in the state of rest, motion shape or size of an object and is expressed
in Newton. It is a vector quantity. The Newton is SI unit for force.
An example of force is to raise a body, to displace a body from one
place to the other, to stop a moving body etc. The relationship of force,
pressure, and area is follows:
F= P.A
2
Common symbols - F
SI unit - Newton
3
Figure.1 Pascal’s law
5
Hydraulic floor jack
In a floor jack a horizontal piston pushes on the short end of the bell-
crank, with the long arm providing vertical motion to the lifting pad, kept
horizontal with horizontal linkage. Floor jacks usually include castors and
wheels, allowing compensation for arc taken by the lifting pad. This profile
provides low profile when collapsed, for easy operating underneath the
vehicle, while allowing considerable extension.
7
CHAPTER 2
LITRATURE REVIEW
8
Mohan Kumar R, et.al.(2019). In the feat of changing the wheel of
a light motor vehicle, lifting the vehicle is an unavoidable and a complicated
practice. Manual lifting using jack systems requires more human effort and
comparatively time consuming also. The proposed model is an alternative solution
which reduces both the human effort and vehicle lifting time. To lift the vehicle, the
user need to exert a gentle push over the lever, that actuates the desired hydraulic
jack to the preferred height.
Sivaraj P, et.al.(2019). In this they researched about that m. When an
equipment is needed to be lifted, just press the button on the remote device, firstly
to lock the hydraulic jack valve, then pressing again will start the lifting operation
and afterwards the button is released at a desired height level. The common problem
faced by the current available hydraulic jacks in the market is that it is manually
operated and needed physical effort to lift the vehicle or heavy equipment. Hydraulic
jacks available at the market also has some disadvantages such as requiring more
energy to operate, are not suitable for women and cannot be used on an uneven
surface. The purpose of this project is to modify the design of the existing hydraulic
jack in terms of its functionality and also human factor considerations.
N.Dileepan ,et.al.(2018). In this paper they researched about With
the increasing levels of technology, the efforts being put to produce any kind of work
has been continuously decreasing. The efforts required in achieving the desired
output can be effectively and economically be decreased by the implementation of
better designs.. Weight after certain limits cannot be lifted by a person, in such cases
we are in need of jack. When it is motorized it becomes more convenient.
Amit Kumar, et.al.(2018). In this paper the advancement in the
engineering technologies, almost every operation is being automated to perform
operations efficiently, effectively and quickly. Keeping this concept in my mind they
developed a mechanism to operate the Hydraulic jack electronically using DC motor
and battery. Electronic jacks which are already available in market works on Lead
9
Screw mechanism which has certain limitations and disadvantages. The jack which
they have developed consumes less power and provides more mechanical advantage
as compared to currently available electronic jack.
Shraddha S. Jadhav, et.al. (2017) .This paper deals with design
and fabrication of automatic hydraulic car lifting attachment with the help of
hydraulic cylinder. Lifting the car in any problem case like replacing wheel, & when
tyre is puncture it is not easy. For this type of operations we need heavy force. In the
case of tyre puncture or replacing wheels lift the car is more important part. This
time we use traditional ways to lift the tyre. In that case a physically handicapped
person, ladies person or aged person not lift the tyre easily. They require more time
and also require more force to lift the tyre. Automatic hydraulic jack system is more
useful for this type of problems.
Anand A. Kulkarni1,et.al (2017). The research in this regard
reveals the facts that mostly some difficult methods were adopted in lifting the
vehicles for reconditioning. This paper attempts to overcome this difficulty and a
suitable device is to be designed such that the vehicle can be lifted from the floor
without any application of impact force. The operation remains to be an essential
part of the system although with changing demands on physical input, the degree of
mechanization is increased.
Balkeshwar Singh, et.al.(2015). This research paper analyzes the
modification of the existing motor screw jack by incorporating an electric motor in
the screw in order to make load lifting easier. In this modified design, the power
screw is rotated by connecting motor through universal coupling, plugged to the
automobile 12 V battery source to generate power for the prime mover (motor),
which transmits its rotating speed to the power screw to be rotated with required
speed reduction and increased torque to drive the power screw. The significance and
purpose of this work is to modify the existing car jack in order to make the operation
easier, safer and more reliable in order to reduce health risks especially back ache
problems associated with doing work in a bent or squatting position for a long period
10
of time. The modified car jack is easy to use by women or whoever had problem
with the vehicle tyres along the road. The designed motorized jack will also save
time and requires less human energy to operate.
11
CHAPTER 3
PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
3.3 Objectives:
The main objectives of the projects are:
1. To increase simplicity of jack operation
2. To increase the capacity
3. It must be low in cost and commercially viable for all people.
4. Increasing the speed than regular speed
5. To get low maintenance
6. To avoid manual power for operating the jack. A sincere attempt
is made to accomplish almost all objectives as mentioned above
and make it practically feasible.
12
CHAPTER 4
DESCRIPTION OF MAJOR COMPONENTS IN THE
MACHINE
Description
A hydraulic bottle jack operates on principle of Pascal’s Law. Bottle or hand
jacks, came into wide spread popularity during the early part of the 20th Century,
paralleling the boom of the automobile industry. They filled the immediate need of
a small convenient device requiring only one person to operate that could lift an
automobile off the ground for servicing - It quickly found hundreds of other uses
in the modern world, as well.
A bottle jack or whiskey jack is a hydraulic jack which resembles a bottle in
shape, having a cylindrical body and a neck, from which the hydraulic
ram emerges. They have a capacity of up to 50 tons and may be used to lift a variety
of objects. Typical uses include the repair of automobiles and house foundations.
Larger, heavy-duty models may be known as a barrel jack.
This type of jack is best used for short vertical lifts. Blocks may be used to repeat
the operation when a greater amount of elevation is required.
Figure 7: DC MOTOR
4.3 RF circuit
Description
RF 4 channel remote control is a combination of RF transmitter with 4
switches and RF receiver contains 4 relays, which can be controlled wirelessly.
This makes the unit very easy to operate and integrate with existing systems. Keys
1 to 4 on the remote control operate the corresponding relay on the receiver board,
i.e. button 1 operate relay 1, button 2 operate relay 2, like this.
14
Figure 8: RF Transmitter and Receiver
Features of receiver:
Four channels each individually controlled
Features of transmitter:
(1) 4 button each individually controlled
(2) Transmit data indicator LED
(3) Transmit operating range up to 100 to 200 m under open field condition
(4) Operating voltage 9V to 12V
Application:
Smoke & fire alarm system
Garage door controllers
Security system
Car alarm systems
15
4.4 Lead acid battery
A lead acid battery is a secondary cell, meaning that it is
rechargeable. It is very common in cars and trucks. It contains plates of lead and
lead oxide in a sulfuric acid solution. The lead oxide oxidizes the lead plate,
making an electrical current. Here Acid lead battery with capacity 35A provides
nominal Voltage of 12V is used
16
CHAPTER 5
CALCULATION
Let,
Wf =
= 1202.23 Kg
17
and Wr =
Wr = 597.76 Kg
Here, for lifting the backside of car we need 598 N of force required and for lifting the
front side the required force is 1202 N approx.
Again, for one tyre of backside the net required force is 299 N i.e. & for front
side it is = 601 N.
So, we required the hydraulic jack which have the lifting capacity upto 1000 kg i.e. 1
Ton & we got with capacity up to 2 Ton.
F = 63 N
Hence, Torque, ϛ = F * r
Here, r = the distance of crank in slider crank mechanism from the fixed point of jack
and the crank shaft of DC motor.
ϛ = 63 * 0.35
ϛ = 22.05 N-m
ϛ = 224.91 Kg-cm
Now, by observing the lifting time of hydraulic jack, we required the speed of 100 to 120
rpm. Hence, we considered the 120 rpm required.
So,
Power, P=
P = 276 Watt
Hence, according to our calculation there is no perfect DC motor available in market but
by approximation of our calculation the motor is available of other specification.
19
CHAPTER 6
FABRICATION PROCESS
Figure12: Front view of remote control jack Figure13:Top view of remote control jack
20
CHAPTER 7
WORKING PRINCIPLE
The motor connection cables are connected to the car battery terminal or
external battery which provides power for the jack operation immediately after the
power button is switched on. The jack consists of an electric circuit, electric motor,
switch, control unit, and the jacking assembly. When switch is turned on, current
flows to the remote controller unit. The remote control transmitter transmits a low
frequency pulse to the receiver the receiver circuit. when the infrared receiver picks
the beam from the infrared transmitter it converts it to electrical signals, simplifies
and shapes the signal to the pulse and the decodes the frequency to switch power to
the jack. Mean while majority of the current flows to the motor to start the rotation
of its shaft. This power is transmitted to the crank mechanism, this mechanism helps
to convert rotary motion into reciprocating motion which helps in pumping the
pressure inside the cylinder and by Pascal principle of pressure transmission, thus the
piston begins to raise any load in its path. The operational principle is explained with
a block diagram.
Motor / driver
mechanism
Car jack
22
CHAPTER 9
CONCLUSION
Object lifting jacks are the ideal product to push, pull, lift, lower and
position loads of anything from a couple of kilograms to hundreds of tonnes. The need
has long existed for an improved portable jack for automotive vehicles. it is highly
desirable that a jack become available that can be operated alternatively from inside
the vehicle or from a location of safety off the road on which the vehicle is located.
Further, it should be stable and easily controllable by a switch so that jacking can be
done from a position of safety. It should be easily movable either to a position
underneath the axle of the vehicle or some other reinforced support surface designed
to be engaged by a jack. Thus, the product has been developed considering all the
above requirements. This particular design of motorized automated object lifting jack
will prove to be beneficial in lifting and lowering of heavy loads.
23
CHAPTER 10
REFERENCE
[1] Charles Mbohwa (2019)“Development of a Portable Motorized Car Jack”,
Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and
Operations Management Pilsen, Czech Republic,
[2] Najeeb T, Muhammed Ashif P, Mohamed Thabseer M, Mohammed Ashif (2021)
“Design and fabrication of IOT based hydraulic jack”.
[3] Dr. S. M.Dhomne , Amar Dhabekar , Bhavesh Waghale , Mahesh Talmale ,
Rushikesh Tapare , Suraj Budhbaware , Himanshu Wankhede,( 2021). “Design and
Fabrication of Motorized Hydraulic Jack”
[4] N. Dileepan, A. Anbarasan ,M.Chandrasekaran, 4D.Shanmuga sundaram,
5M.Tamil Selvan ,( 2018 )“Design and fabrication of automated object lifting jack”.
[5] Mohan Kumar R S, Vinayagamoorthi M A, (2019) “Design and Fabrication of
Automated Inbuilt Hydraulic Jack for Light Motor Vehicle”.
[6] Shraddha S. Jadhav, Prajakta K.Patil , A .R .Khara (2017), “The Automatic
Hydraulic Jack”.
[7] Sivaraj P, Tamilarasan A.R, Vignesh R, Uthaya Prabakaran P, Sivaraja M (2019),
“Remote control hydraulic jack”.
[8] Balkeshwar Singh, Anil Kumar Mishra (2015), “Analysis and Fabrication of
Remote Control Lifting Jack”.
[9] Anand A. Kulkarni, Avinash V. Roy, Chaitanya Kale, G Praveen, Himalay
Jakuti(2017), “Design and fabrication of automated mechanical jack”.
[10] Amit Kumar, Dr. Pankaj Jain (2018), “Design and fabrication of low energy
motorized hydraulic jack”.
24