University of Zakho

College of Engineering
Petroleum department

Essay about:

effect of technology development on well logging process

Name; Nihad Abdulkarim Ahmad

Lecturer; Formation evaluation

Tutor’s: Mr.Adolsalam daneshvar

Third stage – six semester

 effect of technology development on well logging process

Well logging technology has developed over many decades. The

improvement in technology from one generation of well logs to another
has been remarkable. This is both an asset and a liability. It is an asset
for new fields where the most modern technology can be applied. It is
a liability for old fields where old logs must be combined with new logs
in the analysis of a field. Care must be taken when working with logs
from different generations of technology to be sure that analytical
techniques are appropriate for each well log.

Modern logging techniques combine logging tools to obtain a

more reliable representation of formation properties. A combination
of well logging tools is usually needed to minimize ambiguity in log
interpretation. For example, the combination neutron-density log is a
combination log that consists of both neutron log and density log
measurements. Possible gas-producing zones can be identified by the
log traces of the combination neutron-density log. The presence of gas
increases the density log porosity and decreases the neutron log
porosity. If a sonic log is added to the log suite, quantitative
information about lithology can be estimated using cross-plots, and the
log suite can be used to calibrate seismic data.

Sonic log interpretation depends on lithology. In particular, the

interval transit time in carbonates depends on the relative amount of
primary and secondary porosity. Primary porosity is associated with the
matrix, and secondary porosity is associated with features such as
fractures and vugs. Subtracting sonic porosity from total porosity
recorded using neutron or density logs gives an estimate of secondary
porosity.
 One more log, the gamma ray log, is usually added to the suite
of logs used to evaluate gas bearing formations. The gamma ray log
measures natural radioactivity in a formation. It provides a
measurement of shale content, and can be used for identifying
lithologies, correlating zones and correcting porosity log results in
formations containing shale.

Technology is a important term for well logging, because as

technology as developed the well logging process also developed and be
more easily to record the data that we take from wellbore like
analyzing data in ancient we comparing data by hand law but now have
intelligence computer to analyzing data its useful way and faster.