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Volume 18 Nomor 1
Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Padjajaran Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang km.21 Jatinangor 45363
ABSTRAK
Berbagai jenis penyakit semakin banyak menyerang manusia sehingga manusia menghadapi tantangan
untuk selalu mencari senyawa-senyawa baru dalam mempersiapkan kebutuhan obat yang selalu
bertambah. Berbagai penelitian telah menunjukkan aktivitas farmakologis dari metabolit sekunder yang
dihasilkan dari sumber daya di darat tetapi senyawa – senyawa dengan potensi aktivitas farmakologis juga
dapat diperoleh dari sumber daya di laut yang memiliki lebih banyak keanekaragaman hayati. Oleh karena
itu, dilakukan berbagai penelitian mengenai biota laut terutama spons laut untuk menemukan senyawa –
senyawa metabolit sekunder yang dapat berpotensi memiliki aktivitas farmakologis. Review artikel ini
merupakan pencarian studi pustaka mengenai potensi aktivitas farmakologis dari Neopetrosia exigua,
Neopetrosia proxima, Neopetrosia chaliniformis, dan Neopetrosia rosariensis. Pada artikel ini dijelaskan
bahwa beberapa spesies ini memiliki potensi aktivitas sebagai antiinflamasi, antimalaria, antioksidan,
antikanker, dan antimikroba yang dihasilkan dari metabolit sekunder spons tersebut.
Kata Kunci: Spons, Neopetrosia, Metabolit.
ABSTRACT
Various types of diseases are increasingly attacking humans so humans struggle to always looking for
new compound of drugs. Various studies have shown the pharmacological activity of secondary
metabolites produced from resources on land but compounds with potential pharmacological activity can
also be obtained from resources in the sea that have more biodiversity. Therefore various studies on
marine biota especially marine sponges are conducted to find secondary metabolites that could be
possessed of having pharmacological activity. The review of this article comes from literatures study of
the potential pharmacological activities of Neopetrosia exigua, Neopetrosia proxima, Neopetrosia
chaliniformis, and Neopetrosia rosariensis. This article explains that some of these species have potential
activities as anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial from the sponge’s
secondary metabolites.
Keywords: Sponges, Neopetrosia, Metabolites.
Farmaka 103
Volume 18 Nomor 1
Tabel 1. Aktivitas Kandungan Kimia dan Bioaktivitas Spons Laut Genus Neopetrosia
No. Spesies Kandungan Kimia Bio Aktivitas Referensi
Penghambat indoleamine-2, 3- (Brastianos et
Exiguamin A
dioxygenase (IDO), Ki = 210 nM al., 2006)
Ichthyotoxic , LC50 :
Neopetrosia (Hanif et al.,
3. Araguspongin C dan D - 4,3 µg/ml (48 jam hpf)
chaliniformis 2018)
- 3,6 µg/ml (72 jam hpf )
Senyawa metabolit
Neopetrosia Antiinflamasi dengan dosis 25 (Winder et al.,
4. terdapat pada fraksi
rosariensis ug/mL. 2011)
diklorometana
Antimalaria
Antimitotik
Blunt , J., Copp , B., Keyzers RA, R., Munro , M., Lim, S.C.; De Voogd, N.J.; Tan, K.S. 2008. A
& Prinsep . (2015). Marine Natural guide to sponges of Singapore. Science
Products. Nat Prod Rep, 32(2):116-211. Centre Singapore, Pp. 1-173.
Brastianos, H., Vottero, E., Patrick, B., Van, S. Limna Mol, V., Raveendran, T., Abhilash, T., &
R., Matainaho, T., Mauk, A., & Andersen, Parameswaran, P. (2010). Inhibitory
R. (2006). Exiguamine A, an Indoleamine- Effect of Indian Sponge Extracts on
2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Inhibitor Isolated Bacterial Strains and Larval Settlement of
from The Marine Sponge Neopetrosia The Barnacle , Balanus Amphitrite. Int
Biodeter Biodegr, 64, 506-510.
Farmaka 109
Volume 18 Nomor 1
Majali, I., Qaralleh, H. N., Idid, S. Z., Saad, S., Wei, X., Nieves, K., & Rodriguez, A. D. (2010).
Susanti, D., & Althunibat, O. Y. (2015). Neopetrosiamine A, biogically Active bis-
Potential Antimicrobial Activity of Marine pepiridine Alkaloid from The Carrabean
Sponge Neopetrosia exigua. Journal of Sea Sponge Neopetrosia proxima.
Basic and Applied Research, 1(1):1-13. Bioorganic & Medical Chemistry Letters,
5905-5908.
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proxima. Assignment of Absolute A., Pomponi, S. A., Diaz, M., . . . Wright,
Stereostructure of bis-Piperidine Alkaloids A. E. (2011). Neopetrosiquinones A and B ,
by Integrated Degradation-CD AnalysiS. Sesquiterpene Benzoquinones Isolated
J.Nat.Prod, 74(3):430-440. From The Deep-Water Sponge Neopetrosia
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Antiplasmodial Activity of Croton Xestospongia (Porifera, Demospongea)
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in Mice. Ind J Pharmacol, 379(243), 243- 10: 817-831.
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Diversities of The Marine Sponge
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433-452.
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Laut : Ilmu Pengetahuan Tentang Biota
Laut. Jakarta: Djambatan.
Sankar, R. K., Chadha, N., Roy, S. D., Sawant, P.
B., Saharan, N., & Krishnan, P. (2016).
Marine Sponges as Biological Indicator of
Oligotrophic Andaman Waters.
Internasional Journal of Geo-Marine
Sciences, 45(2), 338-341.
Scheiter, L., Chiesa, I., Doti, B., & Bremec, C.
(2012). Mycale (Aegogropila) magellanica
(Porifera: Demospongiae) in the
Souuthwestern Atlantic Ocean: Endobiotic
Fauna and New Distributional Information.
Scientia Marina, 76(4):753-76.
Setiawan, E., Erpenbeck, D., Worheide, G., &
Voogd, N. D. (2018). Bearing The Wrong
Identity: A Case Study of An Indo-Pacific
Common Shallow Water Sponge of The
Genus Neopetrosia (Haplosclerida;
Petrosiidae). Zootaxa, 01: 043.
Utkina, N. (2013). Antioxidant Activity of
Zyzzyanones and Makaluvamines from The
Marine Sponge Zyzzya fuliginosa. Natural
Product Communication, 8(11), 1551-1552.