IOT AUTOMATION WITH DETECTING TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY

HARINISRI N1, BHAVYA S2 ,NIRISHA G3 and PRAVEENA B4

1,2,3,4
Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, R.M.K. Engineering College,Kavaraipettai-601206

1)
hari20112.ei@rmkec.ac.in
2)
bhav20108.ei@rmkec.ac.in
3)
niri20117.ei@rmkec.ac.in
4)
bpa.eie@rmkec.ac.in

Abstract—
This paper proposes a system architecture design for the Internet of Things (IoT)
implemented in temperature and relative humidity measurement using DHT 11 temperature
and humidity sensor. Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is used to manage
different network devices and transfer information so that the ESP32 Wi-Fi microcontroller
connected to the sensor can communicate with Open Platform Communication (OPC)
server. In addition, the network variables are identified by Object Identifiers (OIDs) then
collected to Management Information Base (MIB). These two elements are required by the
SNMP monitoring tool for enabling the user to monitor network infrastructure and run
troubleshooting. Data acquired from the ESP32 Wi-Fi microcontroller are accumulated on
the OPC server using SNMP and subsequently transferred to the OPC Client such as
Human Machine Interface (HMI) and OPC data logger. The OPC server has a ping channel
feature to determine network latency measured as a round trip time – the time taken for
data to get its destination and back again. Later on, the ESP32 microcontroller was also
connected to a mobile application via Wi-Fi for displaying real-time data simultaneously
with the HMI. The SNMP network latency test on the proposed system architecture design
results in 126.33 ms for 13 minutes without a corrupt packet of data. The result indicates
SNMP can be used as an alternative protocol for IoT data communication.
The IoT providing an easy way of life with comforts to human being by managing and
interacting remotely control of home appliances. The Home Automation System is a new
technology for control remotely by IoT technology infrastructure(sensors, communication
devices, microcontroller, NodeMCU) without interacting of human being.

Keywords—Robot, IR sensor, Line following robot

 I. INTRODUCTION (HEADING)
Home automation refers to the automatic way to control of house hold appliances, there are
various systems used for home automation that is based on different microcontrollers and take
different parameters to monitor and control the home appliances. The system providing facility
to control of home appliances by IoT sensor and other communication devices efficiently. We
can control home appliances by mobile device or laptops or over web anywhere in the world.
The system is used for controlling various tube lights, fans, home appliances, electrical motors,
air conditioner, air heating systems etc are easily controlled by web or internet enabled devices,
All these types of systems becoming more popular due to its less cost of implementation and
provides flexible functionality that can be easily configurable by every one according to their
need thats why all the IoT system are in great demand and have a lot of value because helping
peoples like the people having disabilities, as they cant walk more much then this system is
very useful to them and also for the patient or for the old aged person that remains mostly on
the bed or also beneficial for the persons that live alone in their house, 2017). IoT protocols
which are an integral part of IoT technology, play a crucial role in data transfer. They
are included in the presentation/application layer to handle data formatting and presentation
and serve as the bridge between the IoT devices and the network. IoT protocols enable the
connected devices to communicate with each other

II. PROPOSED WORK

The home automation system especially managing the house hold appliances remotely for
convenient to human being. This system contains for notifying occur any violation for providing
security and violating dangerous things will not be happened in the home. The system
connected with Buzzer Alarm system can sound alarm for notify human in a home for signaling
any problem happened. In this paper, it is proposed a system architecture design for SNMP
protocol IoT-based temperature and relative humidity monitoring system integrated with
Open Platform Cto Human Machine Interface (HMI) and Data Logger System. The goal is to
find the performance of SNMP as an IoT protocol for various connected devices and yield
network latency. The obtained network latency is being a parameter to measure the quality
of the network system.communication (OPC). OPC is used to connect IoT devices
 Fig. 1 Prototype(node mcu and DHT sensor)

Fig. 2 IOT Automation

Temperature and Humidity sensor data to Thingspeak using DHT11. By this method, we can
monitor our DHT11 sensor’s temperature and humidity data over the internet using the
ThingSpeak IoT server, and we can view the logged data and graph over time on the
ThingSpeak dashboard. NodeMCU reads the current temperature and humidity from DHT11
and sends it to the ThingSpeak server for live monitoring from anywhere in the world. We
previously used ThingSpeak with Raspberry Pi and ESP32 to upload the data on cloud.

A. Materials And Methods

ThingSpeak is a data platform for monitoring your data online, targeted to be used for IoT
applications. In the Thingspeak channel, you can set the data as private or public according to
your choice. ThingSpeak takes a minimum of 15 seconds to update your readings. It's a great
and very easy-to-use platform for building IoT project .

Material needed:

 NodeMCU

 DHT11 Temperature and Humidity Sensor

  Jumper Wires

Fig. 3. Circuit Diagram

B. System Architecture Design

The system architecture design for IoT-based temperature and relative humidity
monitoring system is depicted consists of a sensor, microcontroller, SNMP

management tool, OPC, HMI, Data Logger, and mobile application A detailed function
of each element for IoT-based temperature and relative humidity monitoring systems will be
explained in the following subsection

C. Sensor
The DHT 11 temperature and humidity sensor, as shown in Fig. 3, was used in this
experiment. This sensor can measure temperature in the range of 0°C to 50°C, with an
accuracy of ±2°C. Meanwhile, the relative humidity is measured between 20% and 90% RH
with an accuracy of ±5% RH and the operating temperature range of 0°C to 50°C. With
aAll these devices are connected to a cloud service, which allows us to analyse the data these
devices have collected in order to further develop these systems and improve the condition to
smooth the working, outlined.n 8-bit resolution, the measurement values are returned [11].

Block Diagram
D.
The system consists of a temperature and humidity sensor DHT11, ESP8266 WiFi
module, DC-DC Motor, Solar panel and Arduino UNO Boar
 Fig.4 Block Diagram

E. API Key
To send data to Thing Speak, we need a unique API key, which we will use later in our
code to upload the Temperature and Humidity to Thing Speak Website.

Click on the “API Keys” button to get your unique API key for uploading DHT11 sensor data.

F. Programming ESP8266 for uploading data to ThingSpeak

Complete code is given at the end of this tutorial. Upload it in ESP8266 NodeMCU. If you
successfully upload your program, the Serial monitor will look like this

Fig.5 Wifi Connection

III. SYSTEM SIMULATION

 Working principle
It uses a capacitive humidity sensor and a thermistor to measure the surrounding air and
spits out a digital signal on the data pin (no analog input pins needed).
 A. Humidity
•DHT11 sensor consists of a capacitive humidity sensing element and a thermistor for
sensing temperature.

•The humidity sensing capacitor has two electrodes with a moisture holding substrate as a
dielectric between them.

•Change in the capacitance value occurs with the change in humidity levels. The IC
measure, process this changed resistance values and change them into digital form.

B. Temperature
•For measuring temperature , sensor uses a Negative Temperature coefficient thermistor.
•which causes a decrease in its resistance value with increase in temperature. To get larger
resistance value even for the smallest change in temperature, made up of semiconductor
ceramics or polymers.
•The temperature range of DHT11 is from 0 to 50 degree Celsius with a 2-degree accuracy.

C. Data Transfer

Fig.6 Data Transfer

Data transfer protocols are suited for web applications whereas messaging protocols are
best suited for IoT framework. The file transfer protocols are not suited in the existing format for
IoT, since IoT nodes are basic sensor nodes used in raw data collection from the application
scenario of framework. There are two types of prominent data command and transfer that may
occur. One is the Human to Machine interface. The other is Machine to Machine interface.

IV. OBJECT IDENTIFIER (OID)

The system consists of a DHT11 sensor, model with internet connectivity. Sensor
analyses outside temperature and humidity and convert the exact information into a digital
signal output. The output obtained from the sensor is fed to which uses a python program
and library to convert information of sensor into numerical values for temperature and
humidity. This data is stored in a file over the period of time, which is then placed on
internet using IoT. Nowadays lots of free, open data, IOT platform and other services are
 available on internet, which can also be done by building a web server. IoT cloud service
provider named "Thing speak" that has an application programming interface (API) which
has the facility to
Post and review the data from IoT sensor was used. Thing speak facilitates to create a
space where all the data obtained from the sensor is displayed with date and time. Finally,
user can access this data from anywhere and can control the attached relay.

Fig 7.URL

V. SYSTEM FLOWCHART
The proposed system uses the first sensor on Arduino UNO to read temperature
and humidity data for every minute and these data are stored in the cloud server
database. Air temperature and humidity data are checked whether they exceed the
temperature limit in which a minimum temperature .
The reading status of temperature and humidity of both channels of our apps is
shown in fig (a) , fig(b) The values of temperature and humidity were recorded during a
particular time and were plotted in the server against the time of the day. The resulting graphs
plotted are shown below. These graphs depict the time at which the temperature and humidity
represent the exact time at which the plants need watering and would instruct the device at
location according to the user preferences to start watering.
 Fig (a): Temperature fig (b): Humidity

VI . CONCLUTION

The proposed system in this paper has been carried out to monitor real-time
condition (Humidity and Temperature) through internet .This does not require physical
presence and can save and will be a very effective way of monitoring environment during
the COVID-19 pandemic situation. The system can retrieve temperature and humidity
data on the server room and the temperature and humidity data that has been taken
can be displayed on the website in graphical form. The advantages of this research work
are that this system can also regulate the humidity in the server room and use one of the
tools as sensors and actuators. The system also can send notifications the respective
stakeholders. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-–
Volume X Issue X Available at www.ijsred.com©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved has been
carried time condition (Humidity and Temperature) through internet. This does not and can
save human work way of monitoring 19 pandemic situation. The system can retrieve
temperature and humidity data on the server room and the temperature and humidity
data that has been taken can be displayed on the website in graphical form. The
advantages of this research work are that this system can also regulate the humidity in
the server room and use one of the tools as sensors and can send notificatifications .

VI. REFERENCE
 (IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol.
10, No. 9, 2019 502 | P a g e www.ijacsa.thesai.org In the future,
 the extensive Arduino system can put into practice as agriculture automation system
and weather-based fertilizer flower and monitor the value of the plants' growth via the
mobile application.
 IoT based systems are a vital step in sympathetic, relevance growth, accomplishment,
and serve as a construction block for a numeral of practical modernization technique
controller. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The author thanks King Abdulaziz University for this
work.
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