eon Unit 4 : Project Management by PERT-CPM. 987 HOO jiggtktmnls 4. Find the critical path and calculate the slack time for each event for the following PERT Y diag ear gy bene {Dethi (M. Com.) 86) (fr 2 Fig, 25.25 Solution, Proceeding as in Example 3, the earliest times ang latest times in respect of node points are obtained below : Tablo 25.5 Notwork Analysis Table Eales Tine Latest Time Float Noma Tim Available ad Stat Finish Start Finish wo (é) roy | y-di. tp ee 2 ° 2 3 7 3 — 2 ° 2 ° 2 ° 1 ° 1 6 7 6 4 2 6 7 " 5 5 2 7 3 8 1 8 2 10 2 10 0 oe 3 1 ae 7 10 6, 5 10 1S 10 15, o ” 1 6 7x|ou - 7 4 7 " 8 12 1 3 4 u-| 5s | 3 4 + Fig, 25.26.958 // MA Operations Research ¢ Tine inwees aii ie in works 7 (1-2) 4 7 8 | O-) 1 68 ' ey) 1 78 : ce) 1 a9 7 be 6 10 8 (9) 5 +10 3) § Construct PERT network and compute: ( Te and T, for each event, (i) Float for each activity. (ii) Critical path and its duration, [Meerut (M. Com. Jan. 98 BP; Delhi (M.Com.) 84; W.A. (June) 83; C.A. (Nov.) 80] Sates. ‘The network is constructed as given in Fig.25.27 : Te’s and T;'s computed on the netwotk are as follows : EventNe, 8: 14 203 4 § 6 7.8 9 1 Te 0 4 4 5 7 Hh 7 Bs Th 0 4 19 7 18 15 17 18 25 Activity floats are computed below by using the formula: Float= T;, (Head event)~ Ts (Tail event) ~ Duration. Ey 18 Eyp=25 Gata Ug=25 £,=0, 4 Uso! Bo7 Grp tar Br Fg. 252 Aetviy Duration Te(Tall event) [Ti (Head event) Float (2) 4 ° iB 8 (3) 1 ° i ° (24) «, 1 4 in : os 4 " 19 " 2) é 1 7 ° (49). 5 5 18 8 ee 4 7 16 5 -+| @& a 7 8 ° © 1. " 7 5. 7-8) 2 is 7 7 (8-9) 1 v (e-10) 8 7 = : fei, z 18 25v Unit 4 : Project Management by PERT-CPM Nga Along the zero-float activities there are two critical paths as indicated by double line arrows in the network, irs 7839 10(i) 13335378 10, » Example6— A project has the following time schedule : \ Activity Time in months | Activity Time in months 1 (1-2) 2 +6 3 3) 2 58 1. i) 1 os 5 (2-5) 4. 78 4 (3) 8 8-9 . 3 | . on 5 eo i | Construct PERT network and comput : (i) Total float for each activity (ii) Critical path and its duration, dela ie find the minimum number of cranes the project must have for its activities 2-5, 3~7 and 8-9 without “laying the project. Then, is there any change required in PERT network ? If.so, indicate the name. i [Poona (M.B.A.) 63; C.A. (May) 81} Solution. The network is constructed as below : ‘ { oA Lb C! The network analysis table is computed below Earliest Time | Latest Time Activity [Duration (Ol SianEp, | Finish | Start Finish | Total Float s" | +09 | G-oy ty [= DD~ 2) 2 0. 2 6 7 5 3) 2 0 | 2 ° 2 ° (4) 1 0 1 6 7 6 (2-5) 4 2 6 2 " 5 6) 8 2 10 2 10 ° (en. 5 2 7 13 8 1 4 (4-6) a 1 4 7 w 6 8)" 1 6 7 1" 12 5 6-9) 5 10 15 10 15 ° 7-8) ‘ 7 " 8 1 1 (9) 3 = we | 2 18 1958 Operations Research © ‘Thus the critical path is 1 —> 3 6 -> 9 with duration 15 months, Minimum number of cranes Finish (3-7) at 7 with one crane “ Finish (2-5) at 7 +4 = 11 with the same crane Finish (5-8) at 11 + 1 = 12without the crane Finish (8-9) at 12 +3 = 15 with the same crane ‘Therefore, pne crane will be sufficient and activities (2—5), (5—8), and (8—9) will start at 7, 11, 12 respectively, le 7 (a). A project schedule has the following characteristics : r Aativty Time ‘Activity Time (1-2) 2 +8 8 (1-4) 2 56 4 (7) 1 69 3 0 (3) 4 78 3 6) a 28 5 (4-5) 5 / (Construct the PERT network and find critical path and time duration of the project. | (i Activities 23, 4—5, 6—9 each requires one unit of the same key equipment ta complete it, Do you think availability of one unit of the equipment inthe organization is sufficient for completing the project without delaying it ? Ifso, what is the schedule of these activities ? Solution. (i) Proceeding as in above examples compute the following network analysis table. Activity | Nonna lest Tine Tati Tie Total Flot ty) Duration [7 sian ay a Fash | y- Did -B ) @ | exo) | w=op | “a me > 2 o 3 3 7 3 (0) 2 ° 2 ° 2 ° (ay) 1 oO 1 6 7 6 | (2-3) 4 2 6 7 a 5 (3 6) 1 6 ir Ww 12, 5 5) 5 2 7 3 3 1 . (8) 3 2 0 2 10 ° (9) 4 7 i 8 2 ‘ (6-9) 3 it 14 12 15, 1 (7-8) 3 1 4 ff 10 6 9) 5 10 45 10 15 8Unit 4 : Project Management by PERT-CPM : 961 Hence critical path (along 0 floats) is 1 > 4» 8 > 9 with duration of 15. (1) Activity (6—9) can only be undertaken when both (2—3) and (4—5) and their following activitiés are over. Thus (2—3) and (4—5) contend for the equipment. The two alternative schedules for these are : ‘Activity T ‘Activity Start 3) (5) 2 (4-5) | (23) 7 (6-9) L 45 (6-9) 12 ‘The second alternative does not delay the project completion time and hence to be recommended. Esme? (b). A project has the following time schedule : Activiy “Time in weeks ‘Aaiviy nT) iu (1-2) 4 7) 7 (3) 1 8) 1 (2-4) 1 (7-8) = (4) 1 9) 7 (5) 6 (6-10) 7 (+9) 8 (10) 7 (s-6) 4 Construct a PERT network and compute : (i) Tg and T; for each event IC.A. (May) 2000) (ii) Float for each activity, and (iii) Critical path and its duration. : Solutioin: The network is conducted as given below : eee Fig. 25.29 (b) (j) The Tp’s and 7;,'s for various events constructed on the network are as follows : Event No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2 0 Te: ° 4 1 5 7 4 18 t7 ta 0 2 1 8 7 6 18 17 1B OBS Te: (i) Activity floats are computed using the following formula : Float = 7; (Head event) ~ 7 (Tail event) - Duration. 7 aiiily Duration Te(Tallevent) [Ti (Head event) Trost (1-2) a oO 12 8 (1-3) 1 0 1 0 (2-4) 1 4 13, 8 4) 1 1 13 " 5 6 1 7 °