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This workbook is designed for use in Live instructor-led training and for OnDemand self study.
OnDemand videos for this course are available through CONNECT Advisor and on the LEARN Server.
CONNECT Edition(10.00.00.120)
About this Practice Workbook...
This PDF file includes bookmarks providing an overview of the document. Click on the bookmark to quickly
jump to any section in the file.
Both Imperial and Metric files are included in the dataset. Throughout this practice workbook Imperial
values are specified first and the metric values second with the metric values enclosed in square brackets.
For example: 12’ [3.4m]
This training uses the Training and Examples workspace delivered with the software. It is important that
you select the Training and Examples workspace and the appropriate workset when working the exercises
in this course.
The terms Left-click, Click, Select and Data are used interchangeably to represent pressing the left mouse
button. The terms Right-click and Reset are also used interchangeably. If your mouse buttons are assigned
differently, such as for left-handed use, you will need to adjust accordingly.
TRNC02586-1/0001
Description
In this exercise we will start the software and review the engineering.
Skills Taught
Open the file
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Open the Drainage Design File
The design file is part of a “federated” dataset. Design files are segregated by purpose - different engineering object types or scopes are
in their own file. The project is integrated through the vigorous use of reference files. Again, QuickStart for Roadway Designers, available
on Bentley LEARN, is an excellent introduction to these best practices and more.
1. Review the file. It consists of a drainage network in the active file, with references including a
terrain and roadway. A 2D and a 3D View are open.
This class starts with a layout created, where the positions of inlets and sizes of pipes have
been estimated, using engineering judgment.
In this class, we will use the hydraulics functionality in Subsurface Utilities to analyze the
layout, to see how it copes with the assigned rainfall event.
Then we will design the system, and see how good the estimated pipe sizes were.
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Scenarios
Containers within Containers
An Microsoft Excel file is a container for Worksheets. All the numbers and formulas in Excel are stored containers for data called worksheets.
In some ways, a dgn file is simply a container for 2D and 3D Models. Models are containers for graphics.
A Container (.dgn file) for containers. (2D and 3D models) for graphics.
OpenRoads Subsurface Utilities has a container for its utility data, the Subsurface Utilities
Model. It’s a SQLite database within the dgn file.
The Utilities Model/database is a container for Scenarios. Scenarios are containers for all the
data required to perform hydraulic calculations.
Scenarios encapsulate the broad spectrum of utility data into discrete functional groupings
called Alternatives and a Calculation Option as shown to the right.
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A Container (.dgn file) for a Container (utility database) for Containers (Scenarios) for Containers (Alternatives) for utility properties.
DGN --> Utility Database --> Scenario --> Alternatives --> Properties/Settings
Like Worksheets or Models, the contents of different Scenarios will differ, and analysis and evaluations of one Scenario in a file may yield
different results from another Scenario. When working, it is very important to know what Scenario is Current.
Inheritance
Extending beyond the capabilities typical of Worksheets and Models, a Scenario can inherit properties from a Parent Scenario and an
Alternative can inherit data from a Parent Alternative. This provides the ability to reuse all common data and provides a direct interface to
manage the varying data. This makes managing multiple designs very efficient and facilitates analyzing “what-if” scenarios.
For example, let’s assume that you want to analyze multiple storm events. Rather than have three completely separate files, we can create a
Rainfall Runoff Alternative for each storm we want to analyze. We can either simply select each Rainfall Runoff Alternative and Calculate in
succession. Or we can create two Child Scenarios with the varying data - the Rainfall Runoff Alternatives. All other data types (Alternatives)
remain common: any changes are automatically used in any calculations.
Terminology
points to Alternatives
Used by Scenarios
Add = no data
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The diagram to the right illustrates modeling
different situations, as new subdivisions are
constructed, and these are handled by
changing the affected alternatives, whilst
leaving the rest of the data unchanged.
The Scenarios dialog shows the hierarchy of the file’s Scenarios: whether they are independent or share data.
.The Scenarios dialog to the right shows three independent scenarios: 10 Year Design, 10 Year
Analysis and Pre-Development.
The other scenarios inherit Alternatives and/or Calculation Options from the 10 Year Analysis
scenario.
In this class, we’ll evaluate the differences between Scenarios in our file and show a tool that
finds the differences for us.
Scenario and Alternative inheritance is very powerful and we devote extensive training to it.
Please see the Managing Multiple Design Scenarios class to thoroughly master these concept
and tools.
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Explore the File’s Scenarios
1. Click Subsurface Utilities > Analysis > Calculation > Scenarios > Scenario
Manager.
This resizeable dialog lists the file’s Scenarios.
As the only Scenario, the Scenario icon has a red check indicating it is the
Current Scenario - the one from which all information (Lables, FlexTables, “active”
structures, hydraulic numbers, etc,) is derived.
Note the bottom of the dialog provides a description of the selected property.
It appears that this file was set up with a single Scenario for Analysis.
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Reviewing the Utility Properties of the
structures and the calculation values in
the Labels (Analytic Symbology), it looks
like Calculations have not been performed
yet.
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Exercise 2 - Calculate the Analysis Scenario
Description
In this exercise we will use the Analysis Scenario to analyze how well the drainage system copes with a rainfall event. This will use the pipe
sizes, invert elevations, etc., as they are – it won’t change them – so that we can assess their suitability.
Skills Taught
Understanding the Compute Center
Reviewing Results
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Compute Center
We can Compute the Scenario directly from the Scenarios dialog, however, we would
like to introduce the Compute Center, which provides more feedback.
1. Click Subsurface Utilities > Analysis > Analysis Tools > Compute Center.
The Compute Center lets you quickly and easily view and modify
high level settings for the selected scenario. At a glance, you can
see
You can use this dialog to change these settings without getting
into the detailed scenario selection and calculation options
dialogs.
From the top of the dialog working down, note the following:
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2. Below them, the current Scenario is Base Analysis, and this is followed by icons letting you Compute and Validate it, and see its
Properties. Compute runs the calculations, and Validate checks the data and highlights any potential issues with it.
a. Calculation Options shows us that this scenario uses the “Base Analysis” settings. These settings define the methods of calculation,
such as whether to design the system (e.g. change pipe sizes and elevations) or analyse it (don’t change the pipe sizes and
elevations, but see how the system copes)
b. General shows us that this scenario uses the GVF (Gradually Varied Flow) Rational solver, which is the same as that used in the
Bentley StormCAD product.
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Compute the Scenario
1. Click the Compute button, either on the Compute Center dialog, the Scenarios dialog or from the ribbon Subsurface Utilities > Analysis >
Calculation > Compute.
The hydrology and hydraulics calculations are carried out, and, after a few moments, the Calculation Summary dialog opens.
This dialog is modal, meaning that as long as it is open, you cannot use other OpenRoads tools.
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Calculation Details and Review
User Notifications
A series of notifications highlight aspects of the drainage that we might wish to review. For example, there is no gutter leaving catch basin
IN-L1, which could be an issue, although in this case it isn’t because there is no catch basin downstream of it to accept bypass flow.
There are also several notifications about pipes that do not meet the minimum cover constraint.
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As you do, note the icons in the left-hand column – they are all exclamation marks, which signify warnings. There are three icons used –
information, warnings, and errors. If an error occurs, then the hydraulic calculations will not complete, and you will need to address the
error before you can continue.
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Calculation Details
1. On the Calculation Summary dialog, click the Details button. The Calculation Detailed Summary dialog opens
The Calculation Options tab provides some information on some hydraulics and hydrology settings.
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2. Click the Catchment Summary tab.
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3. Click the Link Summary tab.
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4. Click the Node Summary tab.
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5. Click the Inlet Summary tab.
similar to User Notifications, with the ability to Filter by Error, Warning or Message
Analytic Symbology
Utility Properties
FlexTables
Analytic Profiles
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Please refer to the QuickStart - Evaluating Subsurface Utilities in OpenRoads Designer for complete evaluation coverage.
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Exercise 3 - Calculate a Design
Description
Now that we know that our initial system design is undersized, we will create a Design Scenario and let Subsurface Utilities size our
structures.
Skills Taught
Create a New Child Scenario
Click Compute
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Create a New Design Scenario
We know our default system is undersized. Our goal is to have a system where the pipes are sized properly, not surcharged.
We could simply flip the Calculation Type from Analysis to Design and then hit the Compute button. We would get good results, but we would
“lose” the default results.
Scenarios allow us to reuse common data and manage only the differences. This makes multiple requirements, different variations, and what-
if exploration very easy to manage.
We will create a new “Design” Scenario. Although we are not required to, we will make it a Child of the Current Analysis Scenario. It will inherit
all the properties from the Analysis Scenario. Only two things need to change: the Calculation Options and the Physical Alternative.
A Physical Alternative essentially stores sizes and elevations. We already have a Physical Alternative for the Original; we want to create a
new Physical Alternative for the New Design. We will maintain a "Before" and "After", and not overwrite the "Before" data.
1. Click Subsurface Utilities > Analysis > Calculation > Scenarios > Scenario
Manager.
This resizeable dialog lists the file’s Scenarios.
2. Click the arrow next to the New button. Click Child Scenario.
A new Scenario is created. Note that the indent shows that it is a Child of the
Base Analysis Scenario
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The Hydraulic Analysis tab shows the Properties of the Scenario, including
its Alternatives and its Calculation Options.
Notice the <|> in front of the Alternative names. This indicates that the
Alternatives are inherited from the Parent Scenario. If we were to change an
Alternative in the Parent Scenario (the Analysis Scenario), that new
Alternative would be reflected in the Child Scenario.
5. Click on the pull-down to the right of the Solver Calculation Options field.
6. Select Base Design.
Notice that the Base Design is not preceded by the <|>. This property is
not inherited from the Analysis Scenario.
The Design Scenario icon will now have a red check to indicate Current.
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Compute the Scenario
1. Click the Compute button, either on the Compute Center dialog, the Scenarios dialog or from the ribbon Subsurface Utilities > Analysis >
Calculation > Compute.
The Scenario starts to process. A Message box appears
asking if you want to create a new Physical Properties
Alternative.
If you click No, the original Physical Alternative data will be overwritten and lost (although Undo may get them back).
2. Click Yes.
3. Type a descriptive New Alternative Name, like
SizedByOpenRoads, in the New Alternative dialog.
4. Click OK.
The Design Scenario is calculated. You should receive the
“Convergence was achieved” benediction.
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Review the Design
Again, Standard Evaluation tools can be used to review the results
User Notifications
Analytic Symbology
Utility Properties
FlexTables
Analytic Profiles
Profile HGLs are perhaps the fastest way to evaluate the adequacy of a network.
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4. Right-click on the Full-Run Profile Run, and select Open Analysis Profile.
The HGL should be in (or near) the pipes, indicating that they have been sized to adequately handle the flow.
5. You may click on Show Profile Annotation Table to see labels on Diameter, etc.
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FlexTables allow us to identify trends in details quickly.
We can see from a couple of checks that the resized system now seems to adequately support the storm event, but there are some
aspects of the design that we will want to adjust.
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Exercise 4 - Compare Scenarios
Description
In the previous section we created a new scenario, adjusted some values, ran a computation. We identified some differences. But we did so in
an ad-hoc way.
The Scenario Comparison tool is designed to be a quality, thorough method to identify differences between two Scenarios.
Skills Taught
Compare two Scenarios
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Scenario Comparison
The Scenario Comparison tool lets us see what the differences are between any two scenarios. It shows us when two
scenarios use different alternatives or calculation options, and when the results differ.
1. Select Subsurface Utilities > Analysis > Calculation > Scenarios > Scenario Comparison to open the Scenario Comparison dialog.
This resizeable dialog has instructions right on it.
5. Click OK.
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The Comparison is added to the panel on the left. It is
expandable. It will remain until the Delete tool is used
to delete it..
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Pink indicates differences.
Note that you can right-click on the left column to Zoom To the structure selected.
See that the Inverts and Sizes have been adjusted for Conduits.
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Exercise 5 - Restrict Pipe Sizes
Description
In our previous Design Scenario, we let the software resize the system without restriction. It did so based on how the system had been laid out
subject to how the workspace and structure libraries were set up.
There are many ways to set up and control how structures can be resized.
In our example dataset, the pipes were all set up as “Catalog” pipes. When sizing pipes, the software starts with the first available pipe size in
the catalog and, if the flow exceeds the capacity of the pipe, moves to the next size.
Our PVC pipes crossing the road had little flow and a 6-inch pipe, the first in the catalog, was sufficient to carry the flow. Generally, though, a
minimum pipe size is dictated. We will assume that a 10-inch diameter is the smallest new pipe that will be put in the ground.
There are a number of ways to keep the pipes 10-inches or above, including:
Find all the pipes that are designed at less than 10-inches and manually set them to 10, and then set the Design Pipe property to
False.
Use a Feature Definition for a User Defined pipe size, set to 10. OpenRoads will not resize User Defined structures
Note: the Pipe Feature Definition points to a Prototype, which determines whether it is Catalog-sized or User-Defined.
Edit the PVC Conduit Catalog to make the pipes less than 10 inches NOT Available for Design.
Skills Taught
Open the PVC Conduit Catalog
Turn off the Available for Design property for the sub 10-inch pipes
Rename the Design Scenario and Design Physical Alternative to reflect their new “status”.
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Adjust the Conduit Catalog
1. Select Subsurface Utilities > Components > Catalog > Catalog > Conduit Catalog to open the Conduit Catalog dialog.
2. Click on Circle - PVC class in the left
panel.
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Manage Scenarios and Alternatives
We could simply hit the Compute button and get a new system with no PVC pipes less than 10-inch. Because it’s easy,
and because repetition enhances retention, we will create new Alternatives and Scenarios to preserve our first,
imperfect design.
Rename the imperfect design Physical Alternative to reflect its status “PVCsizes<10”
1. Select Subsurface Utilities > Analysis > Calculation > Alternatives to open the Alternatives dialog.
2. Click on the Expand All button to see all the Alternatives.
Most of the Alternative Types in this file have only a single, base, alternative.
The Physical Alternative, however, has the Base and a Child, the SizedByOpenRoads we created for the
design.
Note the Alternative used in the Current Scenario has a red check.
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using the “bad” design.
You can close the Alternatives dialog (though, if you have room, it is informative to keep it open).
1. Click Subsurface Utilities > Analysis > Calculation > Scenarios > Scenario Manager.
2. Right-click on the Design (10-yr) [PVCsizes<300] Scenario. Rename it BadDesignPVC<10 [BadDesignPVC<300]. Clear naming helps.
3. Right-click on the Base Analysis Scenario, click New > Child Scenario.
4. Rename it DesignPipe>10 (10-yr) [DesignPipe>300].
5. Right-click on the new Scenario and click Make Current.
The file updates to the new Scenario. This takes a few seconds. When finished the
red check moves to the new Scenario.
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Calculate the New Scenario
1. In the Scenarios dialog, right-click the new DesignPipe>10 [DesignPipe>300] Scenario. Click Compute > Scenario.
You are warned that “the design calculation may modify the physical
alternative”. Since we have already created a new Physical Alternative
specifically for this Scenario, we do not have to create a new one.
2. Click No.
If you get “Convergence was achieved”, your calculations worked fine.
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Compare the Two Design Scenarios
1. Select Subsurface Utilities > Analysis > Calculation > Scenarios > Scenario Comparison to open the Scenario Comparison dialog.
The dialog still has our previous comparison between the Analysis and Design.
6. Make sure the new Comparison between the two Design Scenarios is
selected in the dialog.
7. Right-click on the Physical Alternative and click Compare. It should be the only difference between design scenarios.
A time-stamped Differences Report is created for each Alternative with differences.
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8. Click on the Physical Differences Report.
Note that the PVC pipes show the only size differences (invert differences are most likely due to cover requirements).
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