Ubricoin Whitepaper

UBRICOIN
Blockchain Technology for Global Health

Ensuring Universal Health Access for You and
Your Loved Ones
MACHARIA WARUINGI ♦ MICHAEL KARUU

UBRICOIN—BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY FOR GLOBAL HEALTH 2
Ustawi Biomedical Research Innovation and Industrial Centers of Africa
We are a life science and health production (LSHP) organization. We sponsor

investments in
 life science comprising pharmaceuticals and medical devices,
 fully integrated health production by building sustainable one health
communities involving people co-operating in a retail network combined
with health delivery system, and
 specialized real estate for life science and global health production.
April 1, 2019
©UBRICA: ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. VERSION 2.2
UBRICA
Munderendu Road, Karen, Nairobi.
Email: info@ubrica.com
Tel: +254 755 844 017
Websites
UBRICA http://ubrica.com
UBRICOIN https://ubricoin.ubrica.com
UBRICA WORLD CAFÉ http://uwc.ubrica.com
CO-OP SOCIETY OF UBRICANS http://csu.ubrica.com
VERSION 2.2
IMPORTANT NOTICE
The purpose of this whitepaper is to present a summary of Ubricoin (UBN) as a utility token
for producing health and for building incentives for excellence in education. The information
set forth in this document may be changed for any reason, may not be exhaustive and does
not imply any elements of a contractual relationship. Although Ubricoin holders have a claim
to the coin and access to the Ubrica ecosystem, they are not entitled to any dividends or other
revenue. The distribution of UBN coin is governed by the distribution program described in
Chapter 10 of this document. The price of the UBN will largely be controlled by the action of
its users. The owners of UBN are granted an opportunity to contribute to the larger systems
facilitating excellence in education and production of health. This third edition of
Whitepaper’s sole purpose is to provide relevant and reasonable information to you in order
for you to determine whether to take part in Ubrica Project by acquiring UBN.
VERSION 2.2
This version contains material revisions of previous versions dated September 1, 2018, and December
1, 2018. The revisions are occasioned by deeper understanding of use of blockchain in global health
space, and the implication of token economy in a lifescience and health ecosystem. The second version
contained in-depth explanation of the token economy created by UBN, and about how UBN will work
as a utility token. The third version remodels the distribution of UBN by giving out the coin to a target
user population, instead selling it to random people in the world. Giving away UBN in this manner
obviates that need to conduct an initial coin offering. UBN is already money and does not need to be
sold for money. As a utility token, we just need to give individuals in an ecosystem who would be future
users of the coin. We distributed tw0 billion UBN units for to future users of the Ubrica ecosystem. By
creating a large user community in a concentrated target population, UBN will gain value
spontaneously in the market, and will spread organically to other populations in the world.
VERSION 2.2
DOCUMENT DEVELOPMENT TEAM

Dr. Macharia Waruingi, Chief Document Developer, President and Chief Executive Officer
Susan Nyambura Njuguna, Lead Document Developer, R&D and Professional Communities
June Wahito Wachira, Associate Lead, Document Developer, Legal Affairs
TEAM AT UBRICA
Samuel Wachira, Chief People Officer
Anne Kamau, General Manager
Jordan Muthemba, Ubricoin Solidity Developer, Computer Science
Samuel Wanyoike Nyokabi, Ubricoin Solidity Developer, Computer Science
Alexander Thuo, Ubrica Journal System, Web Application Developer
Peter Muhuhu Kabi, Ubrica Journal System, Web Application Developer
Mark Njenga, Entrust STEM Web Management
Purity Njeri Muthua, Legal Affairs
Naomi Ng’endo Thotho, Document Developer, Research and Development
Maxwell Maloba, Investor Relations, Research and Development
Jane Mbithe Jeremiah, Investors Relations
Abed Mulatya Nthiana, Investors Relations
Joseph Amoko Laku, Digital Marketing, Ubricoin and Soko Janja
Kelvin Kamiti Nyambura, Digital Marketing, Ubricoin and Soko Janja
Benedicte Kasemire Salire, Digital Marketing, Ubricoin and Soko Janja
Scolastica Magiri Mugi, Journalism and Public Relations
Grace Gichura, Investor Relations
Cynthia Njeri Ngaruiya, Accounting and Finance
Phoebe Nasaba, Digital Marketing, Ubrica Media
David Njenga Kihuna, Web Application Development and Digital Marketing
Betty Wanjiru Wachira, Digital Marketing, Ubrica Media
Jackline Nyawira Mbogo, Digital Marketing, Ubrica Media
Stephen Imbanga Anguza, Digital Marketing, Soko Janja
Wangeci Wachira, Digital Marketing, Ubrica Media
Fredrick Ochari Oketch, Digital Marketing, Ubrica Media
Florence Maina, Digital Marketing, Ubrica Media
Evanson Kabutu, Transportation Manager
Barbra Wanja Kimani, Investor Relations
VERSION 2.2
CONTENTS
IMPORTANT NOTICE ..............................................................................................3
DOCUMENT DEVELOPMENT TEAM ................................................................... 4
TEAM AT UBRICA ............................................................................................... 4
Samuel Wachira, Chief People Officer ............................................................... 4
CONTENTS ............................................................................................................ 5
1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 12
1.1. Blockchain .............................................................................................. 12
1.1.1. How the Blockchain Works ................................................................. 15
1.2. WHY BLOCKCHAIN ................................................................................. 17
1.3. Relationship between Blockchain, Money and Law .............................. 18
2. UBRICOIN...................................................................................................... 20
2.1. Ubricoin as a Utility Token ..................................................................... 21
2.2. WHY UBRICOIN ...................................................................................... 22
2.3. COIN DISTRIBUTION............................................................................... 23
2.3.1. Coins Available for Sale Distribution Program for the Ubrica Project
24
2.4. DIRECT BENEFICIARIES .......................................................................... 25
2.4.1. CONSUMER ...................................................................................... 25
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2.4.2. PROVIDERS ..................................................................................... 26

2.4.3. PAYER AND SUPPLIER .................................................................... 26
2.4.4. REGULATORS .................................................................................. 26
2.4.5. NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION ........................................ 26
2.4.6. INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ....................... 26
2.4.7. UNIVERSITIES/ ACADEMIC ORGANIZATIONS ................................. 27
2.4.8. HEALTH SERVICES ORGANIZATION ................................................ 27
3. UBRICA GLOBAL HEALTH PROJECT ............................................................. 28
3.1. SMART CONTRACT ................................................................................ 29
3.1.1. Smart contract escrow in Soko Janja ............................................. 30
3.1.2. Smart Reward .................................................................................. 31
3.2. HUMAN ENGAGEMENT .......................................................................... 31
3.3. PROJECTS ............................................................................................... 31
3.3.1. Ubrica Retail Clinical Centers ........................................................... 32
3.3.2. University Science and Technology Parks ....................................... 32
3.3.3. Biomedical Industrial City ................................................................ 32
4. SMART REWARD (CRYPTOECONOMICS) ..................................................33
4.1.1. Incentives for high Quality Knowledge in Primary and Secondary
Schools 37
4.1.2. Incentives for High Quality Knowledge in University ..................... 37
4.1.3. Incentives for Professional Practice ................................................ 37
4.1.4. Incentives for Shopping on Soko Janja ........................................... 37
4.1.5. Airdrops .......................................................................................... 38
5. HUMAN ENGAGEMENT ................................................................................ 39
5.1. The common Notions ............................................................................ 39
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5.2. The Quandary ........................................................................................ 39

5.3. Fundamental Solution ........................................................................... 40
5.4. SOKO JANJA 3.02 BILLION UBN ............................................................. 41
5.4.1. The Reward System ......................................................................... 41
5.4.2. Reuse of Points ................................................................................42
5.4.3. Phase 1 allocation ............................................................................ 43
5.4.4. Phase 2 allocation ........................................................................... 44
6. UBRICA RETAIL CLINICAL CENTERS ......................................................... 45
6.1. URCCS 3.02 BILLION UBN ..................................................................... 45
6.1.2. The Reward System ............................................................................. 45
7. UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE .................................................................. 49
7.1. Fundamental Solution ............................................................................ 51
7.1.1. Health Risk Pooling .......................................................................... 51
7.1.2. Pooled Smart Contract .................................................................... 52
8. UNIVERSITY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PARKS ....................................53
8.2. Translation and Commercialization of Science ..................................... 54
8.2.1. Ubrica-University Science and Technology Park Management and
Technology Transfer Services ...................................................................... 54
8.2.2. Knowledge Conversion/Technology Transfer Service ................... 54
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8.2.3. Start-Up Companies .........................................................................55

8.4. STPS 3.02 BILLION UBN ......................................................................... 56
8.4.1. Phase 1 allocation ............................................................................. 57
9. UBRICA ONE BIOMEDICAL INDUSTRIAL CITY .......................................... 59
9.1. STRATEGY .............................................................................................. 59
9.1.1. Vision ............................................................................................... 59
9.1.2. Mission ............................................................................................ 59
9.1.3. Theoretical Underpinning ............................................................... 60
9.1.4. Phenomenal Structure .................................................................... 60
9.2. STATEMENT OF INTENT ......................................................................... 61
9.3. BACKGROUND OF THE PROBLEM ........................................................ 62
9.3.1. Theoretical Underpinning: National Development a Function of
Knowledge Conversion ................................................................................ 62
9.3.2. Relevance ........................................................................................ 64
9.3.3. Relevance Paradox ......................................................................... 65
9.3.4. Exploration and Discovery .............................................................. 65
9.3.5. Intellectual Property Protection ..................................................... 65
9.3.6. Publication ...................................................................................... 66
9.3.7. Application ...................................................................................... 66
9.3.8. Knowledge Conversion in Biomedicine for Global Health ............. 66
9.3.9. Private Sector and Knowledge Conversion in Biomedicine in the
World 66
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9.4. BMIC 6.04 BILLION UBNs ...................................................................... 67

9.4.1. Reward System ............................................................................... 67
9.4.2. Reuse of Points ............................................................................... 67
10. DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM ......................................................................... 71
Value Creation ................................................................................................... 73
Primary Network Creation ............................................................................... 74
Secondary Network Creation ........................................................................... 75
11. ROADMAP ................................................................................................. 76
12. SUMMARY ................................................................................................. 77
13. REFERENCES ............................................................................................. 79
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TABLE OF FIGURES
FIGURE 1. TRADITIONAL METHOD OF MOVING MONEY .................................... 14
FIGURE 2. MOVING MONEY ON THE BLOCKCHAIN ............................................ 14
FIGURE 3. USES OF UBRICOIN: LIFESCIENCE AND HEALTH PROJECTS BUILT ON
UBRICOIN BLOCKCHAIN ..................................................................................... 20
FIGURE 4. UBRICOIN DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM ............................................... 25
FIGURE 5. THREE PILLARS OF THE UBRICA PROJECT—STRATEGY FOR FUNDING
UNIVERSAL HEALTH ACCESS .............................................................................. 29
Figure 6. PHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF A SUSTAINABLE ONE-HEALTH
COMMUNITY....................................................................................................... 49
Figure 7: THE FOURTH ELEMENT OF HEALTH .................................................... 50
FIGURE 8. PHENOMENAL STRUCTURE OF UBRICA ONE DEPICTING FUNCTIONAL
KINSHIP OF AN ADVANCED ACADEMIC MEDICAL CENTER THAT INTEGRATES
RESEARCH, TEACHING AND INNOVATION WITH PATIENT CARE. ...................... 61
FIGURE 9. USTAWI STAGES OF KNOWLEDGE CONVERSION CONTINUUM ...... 63
Figure 10: ROADMAP BASED ON THE GOALS OF THE ORGANIZATION ............ 76
TABLE OF TABLES
TABLE 1. SMART CONTRACT INCENTIVES FOR KNOWLEDGE AND
PERFORMANCE EXCELLENCE ..............................................................................35
Table 2. UBRICOIN DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM FOR SOKO JANJA ......................42
TABLE 3: UBRICOIN DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM FOR UBRICA RETAIL AND
CLINICAL CENTERS ............................................................................................. 46
TABLE 4: UBRICOIN DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
PARKS ................................................................................................................. 56
TABLE 5. KEY FEATURES OF THE UBRICA ONE BIOMEDICAL INDUSTRIAL CITY
............................................................................................................................. 60
TABLE 6. STAGES OF THE KNOWLEDGE CONVERSION CONTINUUM, AND
PRODUCTS ASSOCIATED TO EACH STAGE ......................................................... 64
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TABLE 7: UBRICOIN DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM FOR BIOMEDICAL INDUSTRIAL

CITY ..................................................................................................................... 68
TABLE 8. ADOPTION PROFILE OF UBRICOIN BY FAMILIES IN KENYA, BY 2024 ....... 73
VERSION 2.2
1. INTRODUCTION
We developed Ubricoin on blockchain to serve as a platform devoted to
improving quality of health for all. Ubricoin will help achieve universal health,
and therefore global health. We will use Ubricoin to develop health industry and
create market intelligence through a cryptocurrency reward system that will
inspire positive contribution to health improvement around the world. We will
use a smart review system to reward consumers for positive health behavior.
Educators at all levels of education, researchers, and practitioners at all levels
will receive rewards for excellence, quality of work, and positive contribution to
society.
We believe in a future where everybody has access to best health products and
services. We believe in great health that is easily accessible and affordable to all.
We believe in a future of universal health access. We expect that Ubricoin will
improve health related quality of life (QOL) and quality adjusted life years
(QALY). In addition, we believe that Ubricoin will reduce the enormous burden
of disease (BoD), particularly in the developing world, and eliminate years of life
lost (YLL) due to disease.
1.1. Blockchain
Blockchain is a time-stamped set of immutable records managed by many
independent computers owned by many people, and distributed all over the
world. Each record is tied together with many other records to form a block.
Each block is secured and bound to each other using cryptographic code.
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The blockchain has no central authority. As a shared, open and immutable

ledger, the information in the blockchain is open for anyone and everyone to
see. Hence, anything built on the blockchain is by its very nature transparent.
The blockchain is a simple yet ingenious way of passing information from A to B

in a fully automated and safe manner; it carries no or negligible transaction cost.
A transaction is verified by millions of computers distributed around the net. The
verified transaction is added to a chain which is added to a block. This creates a
unique record with a unique history. Altering a single transaction would alters
the entire chain, and it would be rejected by the chain. This makes it impossible
to alter information on the chain. Ubricoin uses this security model for monetary
transactions, but it can be deployed in many others ways.
One of the problems that blockchain will solve is that of money transfer. Today,
if a person A in United States wants to send money to person B in Kenya, he/she
has to go to a trusted third party, say a bank. Person A in United States will
deposit the money with the trusted third party, who in turn will identify and
validate person B in Kenya. The trusted third party will then move the money to
person B, after taking a fee (Figure 1). The process may take three or more days,
sometimes a week.
VERSION 2.2
Person Trusted
Third Person
A Party B
Send money to B Identifies and Receives money after three days

validates Person B and after three days and after
trusted third party takes a fee
FIGURE 1. TRADITIONAL METHOD OF MOVING MONEY
Blockchain enables transfer of money without trusted third party, without

delay and without fees (Figure 2). Blockchain enables people to move money
directly to one another. Nakamoto (2008) referred to this method as peer-to-
peer.
Person Person
A B
Send money to B Immediately Receives money

No transaction fees
FIGURE 2. MOVING MONEY ON THE BLOCKCHAIN
VERSION 2.2
In a nutshell, blockchain moves money faster than three days. Indeed, it moves
money immediately. Moving money on blockchain is cheaper; there is no third
party collecting fees.
1.1.1. How the Blockchain Works

How does the blockchain address this money transfer problem? For the
blockchain to work, it relies on three major process: (a) open ledger, (b)
distributed ledger, and (c) miners.
1.1.1.2. Open Ledger

Blockchain is a public ledger. The chain of transactions done on blockchain are
open for everyone to see. Everyone in the network can see where the money is,
where it is going, and where it has come from. The open ledger shows how much
money each of the actors has in his or her wallet, and everyone can decide
whether a transaction is valid or not. If a transaction is not valid, it is not added
to the open ledger. It is rejected and does not become part of the chain.
1.1.1.3. Distributed Ledger

Blockchain’s goal is to get rid of centralized ledger. Blockchain takes the
centralized ledger and distributes it across all actors .We call all these actors,
nodes; each person in the network is running the software application on his or
her computer or mobile device. In a network of four actors A, B, C, and D, actor
A’s application downloads and continually updates a copy of the ledger, so does
actor B, and so does actor C, and so does actor D. Each of the four has the same
copy of the ledger updated continuously. Anyone else who joins the network
will have the same copy of the ledger. The ledger is distributed across a network
of nodes.
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To avoid problems, all the copies of the ledger in the network must remain
synchronized. All participants in the network must see the same copy. This leads
to the third principle of the blockchain: miners.
1.1.1.4. Miners
Now we have an open ledger that everyone can see. The ledger is distributed
across multiple nodes. The question becomes, how in a distributed ledger can
nodes understand and synchronize the ledger among themselves.
Miners are special nodes which can hold the ledger. The miners compete among
themselves to validate transactions and put them on the ledger. The first miner
who will validate the transaction will get a financial reward, for example a
Bitcoin.
In order to be the first to take the transaction and put it on the ledger, a miner
needs to do two things:
 Validate the new transaction. This is easy, the ledger is open and anyone
can immediately calculate whether the sender has the funds in order to
make the transfer.
 Find a special key that will enable to take the present transaction, add to
the previous transaction, and lock it. In order to find this key, the miner
needs to invest computational power and time because the search for the
key is random. The miner is repeatedly guessing new key, until he/she finds
the key that matches the random puzzle. The first miner to do that will get
financial reward. This economic incentive essentially ensures that
collectively they agree on what is the official ledger that should be used
by everyone.
Synchronizing the ledger across the network, a miner will be able to solve the
transaction and add it to the ledger. The miner will then broadcast that
information to the entire network. He will say, “here is a validated transaction
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and here is the key that enables everyone on the network to take it and add it to
their own ledger.”
What are the other minors going to do? They will see that the transaction is
already validated and added to the ledger, which means there is no point in
trying to solve this transaction again. The other miners will immediately take this
transaction, add it to their own ledger and will look for another transaction to
work on, and hopefully get a reward next time.
1.2. WHY BLOCKCHAIN

A fully decentralized business needs both a decentralized infrastructure and a
decentralized decision making. Every user in this network becomes the owner
of the network too. Blockchain facilitates the inclusion of fringe stakeholders to
position of salience at the core of decision making.
We will use blockchain to facilitate meaningful interactions among peers

working together in Ubrica ecosystem. To start, Ubricoin will facilitate point of
sale payment system for Ubrica’s e-commerce platform (sokojanja.com).
Ubricoin will reduce friction of currency in the trade and facilitate real time
transfer of cash. Ubricoin will also act as the escrow to protect its members from
fraud by eliminating middlemen who do not usually provide value for money.
Blockchain aims at changing the external environment by including the distant

voices from the fringe stakeholders who are most of times neglected in our
societies. This will help us understand the concerns of distant and diverse
stakeholders. Including the fringe stakeholders allows Ubrica to understand the
complex and evolving issues that may potentially affect the basis of its future
and addressing them.
Ubricoin gives us an opportunity to build an incentive structure for goodwill and

excellence. We will therefore focus on giving incentives to traditionally
VERSION 2.2
marginalized hardworking people who contribute knowledge for the

betterment of humanity.
1.3. Relationship between Blockchain, Money and Law

Blockchain, money and law interact to create a new phenomenon of freedom of
measuring value of information (Gilder, 2016). Information technology has
existed since its inception in the 1930s without building capability for measuring
value. Nakamoto’s (2009), discovery of time-stamp to solve the double spending
problem on the blockchain gave information network, a valid measurement of
value that translate into money. Bitcoin was born as a smart contract that
enables transfer of value among people transacting on the network.
Buterin’s (2012) innovation, gave us Ethereum blockchain that allows everyone

to build smart contracts. This system can resolve disputes directly and efficiently
reducing lawyer/client work load. Smart contract escrow will replace escrow
accounts managed my law firms. The escrow in the smart contract will manage
the promises of payments, and release money when conditions are met.
Blockchain will also improve the effectiveness of the criminal justice system. The
blockchain works with three processes; open ledger, distributed ledger and
miners. Information recorded on open ledger is there for everyone to see,
therefore improving the quality of police work who investigate crime and the
court system that prosecutes the offenders. The distributed ledger is immutable
and indestructible because it is hosted on millions of nodes in the network. All
the nodes agree on the valid document by consensus.
Business will benefit from blockchain technology. The earlier a business adopts
the blockchain technology, the better. Industries that implement blockchain will
find it far easier to enforce standard operating procedures within their
organizations. Information is readily verifiable on the immutable record. Mission
critical terms and conditions specified for particular products cannot be
changed. Blockchain uses consensus algorithm to validate transactions. In order
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to participate in validating transactions, a person must expend enormous energy

and computing power. The validator, also known as a miner, has to pay out of
pocket for the electrical energy and powerful computers. The validator is paid
only when he or she verifies a valid transaction and posts it to the open ledger
for everyone to see. Posting an invalid transaction does not attract a reward; it
results in a loss of money spent on electrical energy and computing power. This
mining process secures accountability that could spur widespread improvement
in capitalist ethos. It will make it easier to discover exploitative or
environmentally damaging practices. Blockchain in a powerful technology
whose power will expand in the coming years. In the legal and business world, it
will enhance precision and accountability.
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2. UBRICOIN
Ubricoin is a decentralized application (DApp) built on Ethereum protocol. It is a
peer-to-peer utility token that will give incentives to anyone in the world to
facilitate global health. We will use Ubricoin to create platforms to support life
science research and development, generic drugs manufacturing and health
services delivery. Ubricoin will be the gateway to the biomedical world which
comprises Soko Janja, health services delivery, science and technology parks and
biomedical industrial city (Figure 3). Ubricoin will expand Ubrica’s capability to
host future worthy life science and health blockchain projects and spinoffs.
UBRICOIN
Ecosystem
r&d
Soko Janja publishing spinoff company generic manufacturing health services
new product
development
FIGURE 3. USES OF UBRICOIN: LIFESCIENCE AND HEALTH PROJECTS BUILT ON UBRICOIN BLOCKCHAIN
VERSION 2.2
We created 10,000,000,000 (ten billion) Ubricoins (UBN). UBN refers to one

Ubricoin. The smallest unit of UBN, a Brevis, is one billionth of a UBN. As an
ERC20 token, a UBN is configured to be used globally by all individuals. A UBN
derives value from the exchange with Ether. We intend to distribute and sell the
10 billion UBNs on Ethereum blockchain. The UBN will comply with the ERC20
standard and it will be transferable on Ethereum platform.
2.1. Ubricoin as a Utility Token

A UBN is a utility token that represents future access to Ubrica ecosystem. We
will use Ubricoin to develop products and services that the token holders will
later redeem for goods and services developed by the token.
Tokens are of two types (a) equity tokens and (b) utility tokens. Equity tokens
are investment instruments. There are two types of utility tokens: (a) digital
coupons, and (b) tokens that provide users with access to its decentralized
forum (i.e., Soko Janja). Ubrica tokens are classified as utility tokens and
participants in the Ubrican community can buy them for to access the Ubrica
ecosystem. Ubrica will issue tokens for development of its projects and creation
of excellence. This will allow the token holders to buy different Ubrica products
or services in future. The main purpose of Ubricoin is to get access to the Ubrica
ecosystem, but not to gain profits or dividends. Token holders will be enrolled
on Soko Janja at no cost and get medical services at a URCC near them. The main
value of the token is access to Ubrica’s proof of stake protocol tokenization
platform.
In proof of stake, Ubricoin will incentivize actors by assigning them units of

Brevis for creating blocks (i.e., block rewards). It will also give privileges to
incentive actors by giving them decision-making rights that can be used to
extract rent (e.g., transaction fees). In proof of excellence, Ubricoin will increase
actor token balances or give them privileges if they do something good. If they
VERSION 2.2
do something bad, Ubricoin will reduce actor token balances and revoke
privileges.
2.2. WHY UBRICOIN

Ubricoin will support design, development and implementation of Ubrica
project to decentralize global health. Ubrica project involves building world class
capability for high quality life-science and health-production (LSHP) in the
world. We will build a model physical project in Kenya. Ubrica project in Kenya
will create a node for highly advanced biomedical research and development,
and highest quality health care services. The project will ensure sufficient
support for discovery of solutions to most vexing health problems in the world,
particularly those emerging from the African continent and other developing
parts of the world.
Ubricoin will help gather intelligent data about health, nutrition information and
diseases. Artificial intelligence will facilitate the presence of global health. Data
gathered will help us develop smart community health decision support system,
smart public health decision support system and smart clinical decision support
systems.
The implication of artificial intelligence will include:

 early disease detection algorithm built on International
Classification of Diseases (ICD)
 health and diseases monitoring
 effect and impact evaluation of health programs
 improved data security, accuracy and speed of diagnosis
Blockchain technology will create cash incentive tokens for supporting

development of scientific products and the commercialization of products in the
online marketing and retail platform called Soko Janja. We will use Ubricoin to
create incentives for research and development and commercialization of
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complete research products. This involves building world-class capability and

capacity for health and clinical research in African countries. It also involves
research reporting through peer-to-peer reviewed papers by creating incentive
token to the authors. This will lead to more people taking part in growing
scientific knowledge in Africa.
2.3. COIN DISTRIBUTION

We plan Ubricoin distribution in the following manner
 3.4 billion (17%) UBNs for community development. The community
development UBNs will be further divided to cover the following:
- 0.2 billion UBNs for bonuses, to be used for the incentive
structure
- 0.2 billion UBNs for Airdrops
- 3 billion UBNs for the team which include supporting
community projects and partners.
 1.5 billion (7.5%) for founders of the Ubrica Project including all the
shareholders
 15.1 billion (75.5%) UBNs for sale which will be used for the development of
Ubrica projects: Soko Janja, Ubrica Retail Clinical Centers (URCCs),
University Science and Technology Parks (USTPs), Biomedical Industrial
City (BMIC)
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Ubricoin Distribution Program
Community
Development
17%
Founders
7%
Ubrica Project
76%
Community Development Founders Ubrica Project
2.3.1. Coins Available for Sale Distribution Program for the Ubrica Project
We plan to distribute the UBNs available for sale in the following manner (Figure
4):
 3.02 billion (20%) of the UBNs available for sale will be used for design,
development, management and scaling of Soko Janja
development, construction and management of Ubrica Retail Clinical
Centers (URCCs)
development, construction and management of Science and Technology
Park (STPs)
 6.04 billion (40%) UBNs for design, development, construction and
management of Biomedical Industrial City (BMIC)
VERSION 2.2
UBNs Available for Sale distribution

Program for the Ubrica Project
SJ
20%
BMIC
40%
URCC
20%
USTP
20%
SJ URCC USTP BMIC
FIGURE 4. UBRICOIN DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM

(Note. SJ = Soko Janja; URCC = Ubrica Retail Clinical Centers; STP = Science and
Technology Parks; BMIC = Biomedical Industrial City)
2.4. DIRECT BENEFICIARIES
2.4.1. CONSUMER
Ubricoin will benefit you, the consumer of health and other services. You will
receive Brevis airdrops from shopping on Soko Janja. Brevis airdrops are
monetized loyalty points issuing from the point of sale platform on Soko Janja.
You will also give direct feedback to providers, through a rating system.
Providers receiving good rating will be rewarded with Brevis airdrops. You will
experience increased access to health generating produce, products and
services.
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2.4.2. PROVIDERS
As a provider of health accepting Ubricoin as payment at the point of sale, you
will receive Brevis loyalty tokens, service quality tokens and direct feedback
from consumers. You will also give direct feedback to consumers, such that
consumers who adopt good health habits will be rewarded with Brevis.
Payers of health using Ubricoin for payment transactions will experience
dramatic reduction in payment fraud. You will be paid only for honest work.
Payers will enjoy simplified payment system built on blockchain.
2.4.3. PAYER AND SUPPLIER

As a supplier of products and services to the health system you will enjoy
simplified payment system. You will receive Brevis airdrops and service quality
token. You will also receive direct feedback from consumers, and in turn give
direct feedback to consumers.
2.4.4. REGULATORS
Regulators of health services you will create intelligent regulation based on real-
time data. This will ensure good governance. They will receive Brevis airdrops
and service quality token. They will also receive direct feedback from consumers,
and in turn will give direct feedback to consumers.
2.4.5. NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION

Local and international non-governmental organization will enjoy simplified data
gathering for need assessments, project implementation evaluation, and post
implementation evaluation. They will receive Brevis airdrops and service quality
token. They will also receive direct feedback from consumers, and in turn will
give direct feedback to consumers.
2.4.6. INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION

International development organizations concerned with global health will have
a system for easy tracking and detection of diseases of global health concern
VERSION 2.2
before they become epidemics. They will also enjoy simplified data gathering for
needs assessments, project implementation evaluation, and post
implementation evaluation. They will receive Brevis airdrops and service quality
token. They will also receive direct feedback from consumers, and in turn will
give direct feedback to consumers.
2.4.7. UNIVERSITIES/ ACADEMIC ORGANIZATIONS

University or academic organizations will receive rewards for increased quality
of research, publication, translation and commercialization of knowledge.
2.4.8. HEALTH SERVICES ORGANIZATION

Health service organization will receive rewards for quality of services and better
organized health systems, safe, effective, patient centered, timely, efficient and
equitable as per IOM (2001) report on six domains of quality.
VERSION 2.2
3. UBRICA GLOBAL HEALTH PROJECT

We created Ustawi Biomedical Research Innovation and Industrial Centers of
Africa (UBRICA) to address three key problems of health in Africa: (a) lack of
access to health services, (b) poor quality of health services, and (c) high cost of
care.
We plan to overcome access problem in two ways. One way is to support

construction of widely distributed clinical facilities integrated with retail centers
and produce processing workshops. Such facilities will be known as URCCs. The
other way is to increase supply of money by facilitating trade by online and
onsite retails markets.
We shall improve quality of medical services by supporting design, development

and science and technology parks (STPs) adjacent to all universities in Kenya.
The STPs will promote translation and commercialization of university and
community knowledge. This will bring to being, new knowledge technologies
and services that of great quality.
We shall overcome high cost of medical services by construction of a biomedical

industrial city (BMIC). It is in the BMIC, that we will support education and
manufacturing of a full range of medical devices and all products used in health
system. Locally manufactures technologies will be cheaper than imported
versions.
VERSION 2.2
Ubrica is embodies as a global health project built on three pillars (Figure 5): (a)
smart contract pillar, (b) human engagement pillar, and (c) projects pillar. We
describe the phased implementation program for the three pillars.
UBRICA PROJECT
SMART CONTRACT HUMAN ENGAGEMENT PROJECTS
CRYPTOECONOMICS URCC
BREVIS SOKO JANJA STPs
EXCELLENCE INCENTIVES BMIC
FIGURE 5. THREE PILLARS OF THE UBRICA PROJECT—STRATEGY FOR FUNDING UNIVERSAL HEALTH ACCESS
3.1. SMART CONTRACT

A smart contract is a computerized transaction protocol that executes the terms
of a contract and facilitates all steps of contracting process (Szabo, 1994).
Computer program enforces a contract between two or more parties. It
executes the rules when all conditions are met. Smart contracts are built on
blockchain and inherits blockchain property (i.e., immutable, distributed and
decentralized providing digital security). Smart contracts are self-executing.
They eliminate the third party by solving issues in a way that does not require
trust and remove human judgment. The smart contract facilitates, verifies and
enforces negotiations by implementing deterministic rules through a logic in a
computer code (Buterin, 2012).
Smart contracts help exchange money, property, shares, or anything of value in

a transparent, conflict-free way while avoiding the services of a middleman.
Smart contracts not only define the rules and penalties around an agreement in
the same way that a traditional contract does, but also automatically enforce
those obligations.
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3.1.1. Smart contract escrow in Soko Janja

Ubricoin smart contract will act as an escrow to the Ubrica e-commerce Soko
Janja. During purchase, the consumer will order an item and send Ubricoins to
the smart contract. The smart contract will generate a code and send it to the
buyer. The code will only be known by buyer. The smart contract will hold the
Ubricoin until delivery. Upon delivery of the item, the buyer will give the seller
the code to add to the smart contract or the buyer will send the code to the
contract as an acknowledgment of the receipt of the item. The smart contract
will have a provision to divide the proceeds to different pools such as courier
services and health fund.
Time is set upon which, if the item is not delivered in time, the contract becomes
void and the money is sent back to the buyer. The time limit helps incase the
seller decides not to deliver the item.
We will also use the smart contract for health financing by pooling health funds
as explained in chapter 7. This will allow risk sharing in the health sector while
thinking about how to put money in people pockets to fund health. Ubricoin
smart contract will facilitate, verify, negotiate and conclude contracts between
individuals and their contracting party.
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3.1.2. Smart Reward

Using the smart contract we will create a crypto-currency program to reward
excellence through a reward system. The smart reward system will help actors
in the various industries to act properly towards the betterment of the
community. We will issue rewards in different sectors affected by poor quality
of services or inactivity. In the education sector, we will create a reward system
for teaching, research and practice. The current health sector is dominated by
poor quality of services. The reward system will give incentives to health
professional who demonstrate quality of care and document their work for
others to learn from. We shall also reward the use of Ubricoin for financial
transactions in everyday practice. Buying from local suppliers and manufacturers
on Soko Janja (peer-to-peer) will attract rewards.
The reward system will allow every consumer of services to get a chance to rate
his/her provider in the decentralized application.
3.2. HUMAN ENGAGEMENT

The human engagement pillar involves engaging people at their basic level of
existence to discover how they can work together to create wealth. Members
engaged will enter into a distributed autonomous organization (DAO) known as
the Co-operative Society of Ubricans (CSU). We have created an online retail
store known as Soko Janja (see, shop.ubrica.com) where members can buy and
sell produce, products, and services from one another.
3.3. PROJECTS
Ubrica project comprises three distinct scientific real estate projects: a series of
world class health centers, university science and technology parks, and a
biomedical industrial city in Kenya. These projects are the rationale for issuing
UBNs. We will sell coins project-wise with each project taking four phases.
VERSION 2.2
3.3.1. Ubrica Retail Clinical Centers

We intend to construct at least 100 health centers that will be leased to
qualifying health professionals on a 20 year mortgage agreement.
3.3.2. University Science and Technology Parks

We will facilitate design, development and implementation of 66 Science and
Technology Parks (STPs) for universities.
3.3.3. Biomedical Industrial City

We propose to implement Biomedical Industrial City in Kenya, known as Ubrica
One. Ubrica one project is planned and designed to meet the full range of health
needs, including curative and preventive services, of those residing and working
in the Medical City as well as those visiting the Medical City for medical tourism
and other purposes
VERSION 2.2
4. SMART REWARD (CRYPTOECONOMICS)

We have built, on blockchain technology, a decentralized model that will
overcome shortage of financing for health, which has been the thorniest issue
in global health. Lack of funding for health in many countries of the world has
led to increased burden of disease, years of life lost due to illness, very poor
quality of life, and very low quality adjusted life years.
We strive to create a health conscious community that rewards people who

provide valuable contribution to education and knowledge in lifescience and
health. Through a smart reward system, we will see a rise in emergence of new
knowledge and solutions to most vexing issues in health. Ubricoin will reach a
broad market for knowledge production that will include billions of people in
developing countries who have been excluded from health care and from
financial systems.
Ubricoin on blockchain for global health is extremely powerful as it will build

financial incentives for traditionally marginalized hardworking people who
contribute knowledge for the betterment of humanity. For the first time in
history of mankind, hundreds of millions of people who contribute good deeds
to improvement of health related quality of life of human race will receive
incentives for their good deeds.
VERSION 2.2
This smart reward system will unlock unprecedented amount of funds to

support advancement in knowledge in general, particularly in lifescience and
health production in the world. Good teachers who care deeply about their
students, good researchers who contribute to new knowledge, and good
practitioners who strive to provide greatest quality of service will receive
financial incentives for their good deeds.
Ubricoin crypto-currency reward program involves creating incentive programs

to reward excellence in education, research and practice. The program rewards
the use of Ubricoin for financial transactions in everyday practice. Buying from
local suppliers and manufacturers on Soko Janja will attract rewards. By doing
so, quality of medical and health care will improve all over the world.
It is widely documented that people living in developing countries do not have

access to good quality education, products of research, and professional
services. Much worse, developing countries are not at the forefront of
biomedical research, development, innovation, and commercialization of
research knowledge into commercial products and services.
The enterprise for translation of science into products for everyday domestic use
and clinical care does not exist in developing countries, because there is no
incentive for creating such enterprises. Absence of biomedical and health care
innovation has resulted in a huge burden of disease in developing countries.
Innovation in biomedical and health ecosystems rely on good financial
incentives. The global financial community has not created financial incentives
for biomedical innovation and health production.
Lo (2016), explained that when financial innovation is absent in a particular field

of science, large scale innovation in that field is not possible. By contrast, with
financial innovation any level of innovation is possible in any field of science.
According to Lo, when financial innovation in a field is present, large scale
VERSION 2.2
innovation is possible in that field. Lo adds that financial innovation is a

necessary and sufficient condition for any other innovation to occur.
Furthermore, the global financial system has enough financial resources to solve
all global health problems. This means that we have enough money in the world
to support best quality health care for everyone. We however have lacked the
technology to organize it.
To overcome this problem, Ubricoin will build financial incentives that will
ensure continuous throughput of scientific innovation in service of health
production in the developing world. To be successful, Ubricoin will have to
reward all stages of knowledge production, beginning with primary school
education (Table 1). Education excellence reward system will offer tokens to
primary school teachers, secondary school teachers, university educators,
researchers and post university practitioners. Service quality smart reviews will
provide community of users the power to incentivize quality and eliminate
mediocrity in academia and industry. Ubricoin self-executing smart review
contract will be the most powerful tool to improve service quality and establish
loyal customer base.
TABLE 1. SMART CONTRACT INCENTIVES FOR KNOWLEDGE AND PERFORMANCE EXCELLENCE

Short Name Program name Qualifying criteria
PSTRP Primary school Attendance to class
teachers reward Quality of teaching
program
Engaging students in practical work
Use of Ubricoin for financial transactions
Buying locally produced products on Soko Janja
HSTRP High school Attendance to class
program
Number of students qualifying to university
VERSION 2.2

UTRP University Attendance to class
program
Number of graduating students successfully placed to employment
Follow-up with former students to discover their performance in
professional life
OARP Original Accepted proposal by a peer-review process
academic Publication of original research in a peer-reviewed journal
research reward
Presentation of original research in an academic conference
program
Translation of original research into prototypes for the market
Commercialization of prototypes
PRP Practitioner Professional service quality
reward program Continuing professional development
Accepted practice research proposal by a peer-review process
Publication of original research in a peer-reviewed journal
Presentation of original research in a professional conference
Translation of original research into prototypes for the market
Commercialization of prototypes
ORP Organizational Professional service quality
reward program Use of Ubricoin for financial transactions
CRP Consumer Consumer service quality
reward program Use of Ubricoin for financial transactions
VERSION 2.2
4.1.1. Incentives for high Quality Knowledge in Primary and Secondary Schools
For primary school and high school teachers, we will create a rating system on
blockchain to reward excellence in practice. We will issue Brevis to teachers who
demonstrate commitment and dedication to student learning. The students will
use the system to rate their teachers and the rating points will convert to Brevis.
The rating system will be embodied on teachers’ class attendance, quality of
teaching and engaging students in practical work.
4.1.2. Incentives for High Quality Knowledge in University

University lecturers/professors will be rewarded for demonstrating quality
knowledge transfer to their students. This will be done through the rating
system where the students will rate their professors based on the knowledge
gained and their satisfaction on the content delivered. Brevis will be issued
based on a rating system, with those with good rating receiving the tokens.
We will also offer incentives for lecturers who will develop original proposals and
peer reviewed papers. To encourage sharing of research work we will offer
incentives to people who present their original research in conferences and
commercialization their research. We will reward lecturers and professors who
show interest and commitment in reviewing of research papers and publishing
and running journals on Ubrica Journal System.
4.1.3. Incentives for Professional Practice

Professionals lack incentive to do good in society today. Using Ubricoin, we will
issue tokens to individuals who demonstrate good professional practice, work
ethics and good customer service. We will create a rating system where
professionals will be rated by peers and consumers. This will act to improve
quality in all sectors and eliminate inadequacy and corruption in practice.
4.1.4. Incentives for Shopping on Soko Janja
VERSION 2.2
To promote village, level commerce we will offer tokens to people who buy
things made by local manufacturers. To facilitate local economy, we will issue
rewards for user registration into on Soko Janja platform. Consumers who will
register and provide additional profile information will receive Brevis.
Purchasing and referring new users in Soko Janja will attract reward.
4.1.5. Airdrops
Airdrops are coins sent to the users wallet addresses at no cost. The coins are
sent in the process of distributing tokens to users of a cryptocurrency (e.g.,
Ubricoin). The users are required to perform certain task as directed during
airdrops announcements. The airdrops are used to create awareness of the coin
and to reward loyalty.
We will use the airdrops to create a larger Ubricoin community. A large

community will create a more decentralized network which in turn will increase
the level of security in the Ubricoin network.
We will offer airdrops inform of Brevis to users (people who hold the Ubricoin
on their wallets) and to Ubrica project supporters. We will also issue Brevis to
people who will use our coin to do transactions. We will have two forms of
airdrops: planned and surprise airdrops. The planned airdrops will be used to
create awareness and the surprise airdrops will be used to reward loyal coin
holders (i.e., those who will hold the Ubricoin and those who will use Ubricoin
for transactions)
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5. HUMAN ENGAGEMENT
Our human engagement pillar involves engaging people at their basic level of
existence to discover how we can work with them to create wealth.
5.1. The common Notions

We know that a person becomes poor when he or she is unable to exchange his
goods or services for currency. When a person cannot find market for his or her
products, services or farm produce, he or she ends up being poor. Nearly 95% of
people living in Kenya are unable to find market for more than 80% of their farm
produce. Kenyan subsistent croppers and pastoralists living in rural areas are
extremely impoverished because they cannot find market for their produce. The
only available market comes to them in form of organized cartels who buy the
farm produce and livestock at a throwaway price. Even at this throwaway price,
cartels are only able to purchase less than 20% of all the produce. The rest goes
to waste. Perishable produce such as fruits, vegetable, flowers, animal products
are rotting away in the villages of Kenya. This extreme waste of produce of the
land, kills all possibility of generating wealth for the local people, and multiplies,
by several orders of magnitude, the rotting capital in the country (see e.g., de
Soto, 2002).
5.2. The Quandary

Without anywhere to sell produce, a subsistent cropper or a livestock producer
slides into extreme poverty. When sick, she is afraid to seek medical service until
the disease advances, and becomes incapacitating. She is forced by worsening
VERSION 2.2
disease to seek medical care and arrives at a medical facility without enough
money to pay for medical service. Her money does not cover for the medical
service offered by the provider at the medical facility. The provider reduces the
quality and quantity of service offering to match the little money available from
the patient. The problem is that the provider of medical service receives
hundreds of patients with advanced disease, but with little or no money. In most
cases, the patient cannot pay anything at all. This severe lack of money to pay
the providers in Kenya has led to a severe decline in the quality of medical
service. Many owners of health facilities have to cut-corners just to make ends
meet. Cutting corners by a medical provider means cutting a critical service,
increased risk of worsening of disease, medical errors, or introduction of new
diseases. Distressed medical providers in Kenya are offering the lowest quality
experienced in the world. Low quality medical service is a serious health hazard
to the people, which by itself results in death of health consumers in many
instances. Health providers are seriously concerned by this problem. Without
access to money however, and surrounded by masses of people with advanced
disease, they are between a rock and a hard place. This is the quandary of health
service.
5.3. Fundamental Solution

Logical reasoning indicates that the fundamental solution to health production
problem lies in a system that improves the economy of each individual. In line
with this logic, we have created a system to help people find market for their
produce, services and products. In order to help a person, he or she must first
join and become a member of distributed autonomous organization (DAO)
known as the Co-operative Society of Ubricans (CSU). We intend to enroll 14
million families in Kenya alone. Once joined, our community workers help the
member to send to market whatever he or she is producing. We have created an
online retail store known as Soko Janja (see shop.ubrica.com) where members
can buy and sell produce, products, and services. We have started enrolling
individuals onto Soko Janja. Enrolled individuals can post pictures of their
products, produce and services to the online retail store. Members of the CSU
VERSION 2.2
will use their wealth to finance health production for themselves and their loved
ones. We will use Ubricoin to facilitate the management of the online store.
Ubricoin will also be used at the point of sale in Soko Janja as well as an incentive
structure to encourage people to buy from each other to activate local
economy.
5.4. SOKO JANJA 3.02 BILLION UBN

We will distribute 3.02 billion UBNs to support our online retail store Soko Janja
(see shop.ubrica.com) to help operationalize wealth creation by each individual
in any given community. We are proposing to build a platform that will be
decentralized. The platform will facilitate peer-to-peer trading without Ubrica
mediating. The trading will involve the use of Ubricoin as means of payment
which will be validated by blockchain.
5.4.1. The Reward System

We will create an incentive structure to facilitate peer-to-peer trading and
purchase of locally produced products, produce and services. Holders of
Ubricoin purchasing locally produced products and services in Soko Janja will
receive the services and products at a discount. They will also receive loyalty
points for shopping in Soko Janja.
VERSION 2.2
5.4.2. Reuse of Points

Points received from shopping at Soko Janja will be used to access more
products, produce and services in the Ubrica ecosystem such as shopping at
Soko Janja or access to health services in the URCCs and BMICs
These 1 billion coins will be sold in four phases at $0.5 per UBN.
TABLE 2. UBRICOIN DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM FOR SOKO JANJA
Tokens Phases Uses
302M Phase 1 Design  Desktop and field research

allocation  Cash in fiat
 Calling and registering
manufacturers, clients, suppliers and
customers
 Building a delivery system
604M Phase Development  Buy new laptops and computers

Soko Janja
2 allocation Networking capabilities

 Raise money for energy and utilities
 Money for salaries
906M Phase Management  Strategic planning
3 allocation  Organizing teams
 Coordinating
 Controlling
1.208B Phase Scaling  Engaging the 14 million households
4 allocation  Cash fiat for payment of 7,250
community workers
 Reaching the 47 counties, 210 sub
counties, 1420 wards
 Incentives
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 Shopping at Soko Janja
5.4.3. Phase 1 allocation

We will allocate 302 million coins at this stage. These funds will be used to design
the e-commerce platform. Funds will also be used for field research to assess the
market for the local products, visiting manufacturers to sell the idea and register
them on the platform, calling and listing manufacturers, clients, suppliers and
customers.
VERSION 2.2

We will allocate 604 million UBNs at this stage. These funds will be used for the
development of Soko Janja. We will buy new computers to facilitate
maintenance, updates and development of the platform. These funds will also
cater to networking capabilities and paying salaries to people who will be
working on the platform. We will also use a fraction of the funds raised to market
the platform.

We will allocate 906 million coins at this stage for developing management
capacity. This will include identifying, recruiting, training and retaining human
resource for Soko Janja. These funds will be used to organize and upgrade teams
into departments. In coordinating, we will make sure all the teams are working
together in a synchronized version so that all the teams will work as a single
whole. We will also create a team for controlling financial resources including
creating appropriate use of the Ubricoin, token distributions, airdrops and
loyalty incentive programs. We will use these funds for strategic planning to
scale Soko Janja into a peer to peer market.

We will allocate 1.208 billion coins for scaling Soko Janja. These funds will be used
to enroll 14 million households and to pay 7,250 community workers who will be
recruited to register manufacturers and suppliers in the 47 counties, 210 sub-
counties and 1,450 wards in Kenya. We will create an incentive program to
reward customers who will be buying locally produced products from Soko
Janja.
VERSION 2.2
6. UBRICA RETAIL CLINICAL CENTERS

Achieving universal health involving ensuring access. Ubrica will build retail
clinical centers called Ubrica Retail Clinical Centers (URCCs). We will use the
URCC model to organize village level commerce. A URCC will have three primary
components: a medical clinic, a retail store, and produce value addition and
quality improvement workshop. We intend to support design, development and
construction of at least 100 health centers that will be leased to qualifying health
professionals on a 20 year mortgage agreement. We will construct an average
of two units per county in Kenya. Some counties with greater population may
have more than two. Each center will have a fully furnished health center and a
retail store. Individuals enrolled into the CSU form the consumer base of the
URCC. Each URCC will serve a catchment population of about 300,000 people.
Thus, 100 URCCs will serve at least 30 million people. The URCC project requires
US$ 1 billion. We shall allocate 3.02 billion Ubricoins to fund design, development
and implementation of 100 URCCs in Kenya.
6.1. URCCS 3.02 BILLION UBN
We will allocate 3.02 billion UBNs to help in design, development, construction
and management of the URCCs. We intend to construct at least 100 health
centers average of two units per county. The 3.02 billion UBNs will be allocated
in four phases.
6.1.2. The Reward System
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The aim of creating the URCCs is to build a healthy conscious community. We will
use Ubricoins to create an incentive structure to facilitate healthy behaviors. We
will issue points to people who:
 Practice preventive health such as, exercise, proper diet, optimal sleep
and early screening of diseases.
 Basic and secondary prevention of diseases such as diabetes,
hypertension and diagnosis checkups.
All points earned will go to the pooled smart contract which will be used for
paying providers for health services and shopping at Soko Janja.
TABLE 3: UBRICOIN DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM FOR UBRICA RETAIL AND CLINICAL CENTERS
Tokens Phases Uses

allocation  Doctors and other professionals
who would become owners of
URCCs
 User research
453M Phase 2 Development  Consult professionals such as,
allocation architects, engineers, planners,
Ubrica Retail Clinical Centers
construction, security personnel

and IT professionals.
1.51B Phase 3 Construction  Land purchase and entitlement
allocation  Construction of 100 URCCs (2 per
county)
906M Phase 3 Management  Mortgages

allocation  Incentives
 Customer satisfaction
VERSION 2.2

In this phase we will allocate 151 million UBNs. The funds raised will be used for
the design of the URCCs. Desktop research will be carried out to determine the
structure and requirements needed to construct the URCCs. Field research and
visiting the sites will be done to determine suitable areas for constructing the
URCCs. We will also do environmental studies and acquire permits.
We will do marketing to create awareness and identify doctors who will be
running the clinics. Public outreach and evaluation will be carried out to
understand the scope of the project.
User research will also be done to determine our target audience and capacity
for utilization of health services in each county. User studies will include
consumers of care, providers of care and payers of care. This will help in
determining the optimal number of clinics for each county. Counties with
greater population may require more than two URCCs.
We will develop a program for quality training. This will help improve the quality
of care that will be provided in the clinics. The identified doctors who will own
the clinics will go through continuous professional development. A fraction of
the funds raised in this phase, will be used for project planning (i.e., getting
proper legal documents, permits and doing feasibility studies).

We will allocate 453 million UBNs in this phase. These funds will be used for the
development of URCCs. We will hire consultants, architects, engineers, planners,
construction security personnel and IT professionals. This team will be
responsible for planning and generating of construction documents for different
counties.
VERSION 2.2
In this phase, we will allocate 1.51 billion UBNs. This will help us in acquisition of
land and their title deeds for the implementation of the URCCs project. This land
will be sourced from different counties in Kenya. Our goal is to ensure that we
at least have land in all the 47 counties so as to effectively start the construction
of the URCCs. We will also use these funds to purchase clinical equipment
required in the clinics.

We will allocate 906 million UBNs for management of the URCCs. The funds will
support mortgages to the doctors who will own the URCCs. The mortgages will
make it easy for fresh graduates to own clinics. Some of the funds raised will be
used in an incentive program. We will reward health professionals with Brevis
for provision of quality of care. We will also issue tokens to individuals with good
health seeking behaviors. These incentives are meant to improve the quality of
care and as motivation to the doctors. Offering tokens to the patients will lead
to early disease detection and prevention of diseases.
Funds raised from this phase will be used for continual growth and maintenance
of the clinics and to set stage for long-term success. We will also hire teams
which will be in charge of maintaining the equipment.
VERSION 2.2
7. UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE

We focus on our intent to build Sustainable One Health Communities (SOHCs)
comprising six primary components shown in Figure below.
FIGURE 6. PHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF A SUSTAINABLE ONE-

HEALTH COMMUNITY
VERSION 2.2
 A co-operative Society of Ubricans (CSU) constituted by our members

drawing from local communities.
 Produce/product workshops for improving quality and packaging of
things produced by our members.
 A retail store that serves as a market for produce and products by
members of the CSU.
 A one-health clinic that provides clinical services to members of the CSU.
 A web/mobile platform (http://shop.ubrica.com/) for managing the commerce
issuing from the retail system.
 A biomedical industrial city
The retail store, the one-health clinic, the co-operative workshop and e-
commerce platform activates the 4th element of health production. We have
designed SOHCs to overcome grand challenges in global health. We recognize
the critical role of animals, environment, and economy in human health. We
believe that sustainable health production in global health is a function of a
system that integrates simultaneous operation of these four elements of human
health, animal health, environmental health and economic health.
Our SOHCs are rooted in the

conception that economic
development is the most powerful
means of health production.
Economic development is the
greatest cause of improvement in
health. Economic health, the 4th
element of health production, is the
primary driver of sustainable one-health in any community in the world. It is
common knowledge that compared to a wealthy person a poor person is more
likely to get sick; more likely to FIGURE 7: THE FOURTH ELEMENT OF HEALTH
develop complications of disease; more likely to succumb complications and to
VERSION 2.2
develop disability due to disease, and more likely to die from a disease. It is
impossible to improve health of a poor person in the long term, without
improving the wealth of the person in the long term.
7.1. Fundamental Solution

When we strike a sale at Soko Janja, we divide the proceeds of produce/product
sale into three fractions. One fraction goes back to the member, in form of
profit. Second fraction goes back to the co-operative to meet operations and
administration needs. The third fraction sits in a health fun. This is what is called
health risk pooling. A member seeking care at a health facility is fully covered.
The owners of health facility are happy because they are assured of payment of
the quantity and quality of their service offering.
7.1.1. Health Risk Pooling

Pooling refers to collecting money from many people in a group so that the
money collected is then used to pay for health services for its members. Pooling
risks together allows the higher costs of the less healthy to be offset by the
relatively lower costs of the healthy. Pooling ensures that the risk related to
financing health is borne by all the members of the pool. Its main purpose is to
share the financial risk associated with disease, disability and death for which
there is uncertain need.
Smith and Witter (2004) explained that there are four classes of risk pooling (a)
no risk pool, under which all cost lies with the individual; (b) unitary risk pool,
under which all cost is transferred to a single national pool; (c) fragmented risk
pools, under which a series of independent risk pools (such as local governments
or employer-based pools) are used; and (d) integrated risk pools, under which
fragmented risk pools are compensated for the variations in risk to which they
are exposed. Small, fragmented risk pools, which are the norm in developing
countries, have seriously adverse outcomes for the users of the health system.
VERSION 2.2
7.1.2. Pooled Smart Contract

Each individual holder of Ubricoin will receive a smart contract to use health
services at a URCC at the time of need Ubric6oin holders who will shop at Soko
Janja, practice healthy behaviors will get loyalty point inform of Brevis. The
Brevis will go to the pooled smart contract to be used to access health care
services in the URCCs. The smart contract will cover preventive and curative
services for the holder by the contract. Pooled smart contract will recreate a
pooled smart contract (PSC) that will act as health risk pooling.
VERSION 2.2
8. UNIVERSITY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PARKS

A science and technology park, also known as a research park is a property based
development that fosters the growth of tenant firms and affiliated with a higher
institution of learning. The purpose is to facilitate sharing of knowledge,
promote innovation and advance research to viable commercial products.
Ubrica will facilitate design, development and implementation of 66 Science and
Technology Parks (STPs) for Kenyan universities. We will also provide STP
Development and Management Service through our Scientific Real Estate
Development Division (SREDD). The Science and Technology Park Development
and Management Service will involve setting out the strategy and objectives of
the 66 new parks and deciding on the best model for implementation. SREDD
will manage many complex processes and diverse relationships. We shall
allocate 3.02 billion Ubricoins to fund design, development, implementation and
management of 66 STPs in Kenya.
8.1. How Science and Technology Parks Benefit the Local Community
The Science and Technology Parks provide locations that foster innovation and
development and commercialization of technology and where government,
universities and private companies may collaborate.
 Science parks may offer a number of shared resources such as incubators,
program and collaboration activities, telecommunication hubs, reception,
security, among others
VERSION 2.2
 Science parks also aim to bring together people who assist the developers
of technology to bring their work to commercial fruition.
 They can be attractive to university students who may interact with
prospective employers.
 Apart from tenants, science parks create jobs for the local community, for
example they may be built with restaurants, sports facilities, etc.
 Science parks catalyze community innovation.
8.2. Translation and Commercialization of Science

We opened dialogue with several Universities in Africa for commercialization of
science. We developed a Science and Technology Park Development and
Management and Technology Transfer Services Agreement that will be used to
guide our relationships with Universities. This science and technology park
development and management, and technology transfer or knowledge
conversion services agreement will be made with UBRICA as the “Manager” and
the University as the “Institution.”
8.2.1. Ubrica-University Science and Technology Park Management and

Technology Transfer Services
Ubrica will provide two services to Universities, science park development and
management services and technology transfer or knowledge conversion
services.
8.2.2. Knowledge Conversion/Technology Transfer Service

Ubrica will establish a University Technology Transfer Office (UTTO) to facilitate
the commercialization of University intellectual property, including patents and
copyrights. UTTO will work with researchers and students in every college to
prepare new inventions for the patenting process and potential licensing
opportunities.
VERSION 2.2
UTTO’s job will be to create sustained focus on transferring cutting-edge

research and innovation to the commercial marketplace, generating revenue
and diversifying the economy. The UTTO will have knowledgeable and
professional staff with specialized backgrounds. The UTTO staff will work in
collaborative teams to create markets, execute patenting and licensing of new
ideas, discoveries and innovations, to translate them into the commercial
products and services. The UTTO will be responsible for the development,
protection, and utilization of intellectual property rights. UTTO will serve as the
liaison of cooperative ventures between university and industry.
8.2.3. Start-Up Companies

UTTO will promote and facilitate business development and entrepreneurship
by bringing researchers together with experienced entrepreneurs and investors
to form companies for commercializing university technologies. The UTTO will
create and foster new start-up companies that will create jobs and provide
mutually beneficial relationships to advance technological innovations and to
bring their services into the marketplace. UTTO will maintain an electronic
database of start-ups based on university technology. The data base will be
publicly available through Ubrica Website that people can view and invest
directly.
8.3. Incentive Structure for Science Parks

We will create a reward system for the science park. Staff members who will work in
collaborative teams to create markets, execute patenting and licensing of new
ideas, discoveries and innovations will receive rewards. The Ubricoin will be used to
provide discounting services for knowledge conversion enterprise in:
 exploration during the needs assessments and feasibility studies,
 research for both qualitative (phemenological, ethnography and
grounded theory) and quantitative research (non-experimental, quasi
experimental and experimental studies),
VERSION 2.2
 publication of original works, white papers, monographs, anectdotes and

case reports,
 translation of scientific knowledge which may include execution of
patents, intellectual protection and
 commercialization of products of research.
The reward system will also facilitate the translation of innovations into commercial
products and services. Researchers and students who will work with UTTO will
also receive incentive.
We will build a structure for incentivizing, university lecturers/professors who

provide quality education by showing good class attendance and engaging
students in practical work that will result to a high number of skillful graduates
placed to employment. In addition, the lecturers/professors will be rewarded
following up with students’ professional life. They will further get rewards for
the use of Ubricoin in financial transactions and buying products on Soko Janja.
8.4. STPS 3.02 BILLION UBN

These coins will be allocated in the year 2020 to support innovation in science
and technology. We will allocate coins to facilitate the knowledge transfer from
the universities to the industry. The 3.02 billion coins will be allocated in four
phases each phase raising funds to support different segment of this project.
TABLE 4: UBRICOIN DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PARKS

and
Technology Parks
Tokens Phases Uses

allocation  Recruiting doctors and other
Science
professionals
 User research
VERSION 2.2
453M Phase Development  Physical planning,

2 allocation geotechnical studies,
suitability analysis,
Architecture, Engineering,
Economic planners,
Construction planning,
Security, Information
technology.
1.51B Phase 3 Construction  Land purchase and
allocation entitlement
 Construction of 66 STPs
906M Phase Management  Mortgages
4 allocation  Incentives

We will allocate 151 million UBNs to facilitate the design of the STPs, setting out
the strategy and deciding on the best model for implementation. We require a
lot of desktop and field research to understand the STPs scope and
relationships. This will be done by a team of professionals. We will therefore, sell
these UBNs to support this stage of STP development.

In this stage we will allocate 453 million UBNs. Funds will be used for the
development of STPs. We will identify and hire architects, engineers and
planners who will be responsible for developing the project scope and planning
the implementation of the STPs.
We will use the funds to support feasibility studies which will include physical
planning, geotechnical studies, suitability analysis, architecture, engineering,
economic planners, construction planning, security, information technology.
VERSION 2.2

We will allocate 1.51 billion UBNs to facilitate the construction of the STPs. We
intend to construct 66 STPs in different Kenyan universities. These funds will be
used to purchase land, entitlement and the construction material for this project
to monitor and evaluate the project.

We will allocate 906 million UBNs to support management of the STPs. We will
use the funds to create a mortgage program to facilitate ownership of scientific
real estate developed as innovation hubs. We will also create a reserve fund to
support operation of innovation hubs within each STP, until breakeven.
Operations of an innovation hub within an STP will be responsible for generating
high quality research, ideas innovation, translation/commercialization of
knowledge into products and services that help solve local problems.
STPs will bridge the university with the industry and with the local community.
To stimulate new innovations we will create bounty programs to reward
individuals or groups with new scientific ideas that will help provide solutions to
our vexing problems. We will issue tokens to people who will
 produce original research,
 publish the results of their original research,
 present the results of their research in scientific conferences locally and
internationally,
 translate their research knowledge into commercial prototypes, and
 commercialize their prototypes into products of everyday use.
VERSION 2.2
9. UBRICA ONE BIOMEDICAL INDUSTRIAL CITY
We propose to implement Ubrica One Biomedical Industrial City in Kenya (Ubrica
One). We will build Ubrica One on multiple disparate land parcels all aggregating
to approximately 4,000-acres. The complete project will be multiple master-
planned biomedical industrial parks with specialty hospitals fashioned as
academic medical centers (“AMCs”), research facilities, residential areas, and
specialized industrial zones.
9.1. STRATEGY
Ubrica one will host a Children & Women’s AMC, a Heart & Lungs AMC, a
Neuroscience & Rehabilitation AMC, a Trauma & Orthopedic AMC, an Eye & Ear
AMC, a Cancer Hospital & Hospice Care AMC, a Tropical & Infectious Diseases
AMC, a Renal & Urologic AMC, a Gastro-Intestinal Diseases AMC.
9.1.1. Vision
Our vision is to create places that will be lead centers of excellence in global
health in:
 discovery, development, and commercialization of cutting edge
technologies in biomedicine
 world class services in health promotion, disease detection, disease
prevention, and disease treatment.
9.1.2. Mission
Our mission is to establish and sustain leadership in:
 Translational research in human biology, human physiology and human

medicine
 Nano-science, biotechnology, molecular biology and human genetics
 Clinical medicine
 Organization of systems of delivery of care
 Information systems for health
9.1.3. Theoretical Underpinning

Our project is underpinned by the theory of knowledge conversion continuum
that explains that knowledge has to traverse five distinct stages to translate in
products that people can use to solve problems of everyday life:
EXPLORATION—RESEARCH—PUBLICATION—TRANSLATION—APPLICATION.
9.1.4. Phenomenal Structure

The phenomenal structure of Ubrica One is grounded by four primary functions
of a world class academic medical center: RESEARCH—EDUCATION—
INNOVATION—PATIENT CARE. We propose to build Ubrica One as an all-
inclusive development with multiple land uses to be located on an aggregate of
4,000-acre lot of land in Kenya. Upon completion, Ubrica One will be home to
eight ultramodern academic specialty medical centers structured as world class
HOSPITALS, centers for advanced science in biomedicine structured for
advanced RESEARCH, and centers for biomedical translation and innovation
structured for COMMERCIALIZATION and MANUFACTURING (Table 2).
TABLE 5. KEY FEATURES OF THE UBRICA ONE BIOMEDICAL INDUSTRIAL CITY

Structure Function
HOSPITALS Eight ultramodern academic medical centers providing patient
care and education.
RESEARCH Centers for advanced biomedical research.
PRODUCT Centers for advanced biomedical translation, innovation, and
COMMERCIALIZATION commercialization of knowledge into products and services
and MANUFACTURE for home and clinical use, and manufacture of products.
VERSION 2.2
The phenomenal structure of the Ubrica One is underpinned by the theory of

advanced academic medical center that is built on the principle of integration to
collocate the functions of advanced research in science technology and
medicine [RESEARCH], world class medical and science education [TEACHING],
translation of research knowledge products into commercial products for
everyday use at home and in the clinical environments [INNOVATION], and
delivery of care of the highest quality possible [PATIENT CARE] (Figure 9).
FIGURE 8. PHENOMENAL STRUCTURE OF UBRICA ONE DEPICTING FUNCTIONAL KINSHIP OF AN ADVANCED

ACADEMIC MEDICAL CENTER THAT INTEGRATES RESEARCH, TEACHING AND INNOVATION WITH PATIENT
CARE.
This proposal contains a brief description of the project, starting with the
explanation of the background of the problem that the project is meant to solve.
In addition, the proposal explains the purpose of Ubrica, the general approach
to implementation, and the significance of implementation Ubrica One.
9.2. STATEMENT OF INTENT

Our intent is to create in Kenya, centers of excellence for (a) discovery,
development and commercialization of cutting edge technologies in
biomedicine, and (b) world class health care services in health promotion,
disease prevention, and treatment. Two major and closely interrelated problems
motivate our intent:
VERSION 2.2
 The severe inadequate infrastructure for global health. Health services

in many countries of the world are unsafe, of low quality, and inaccessible
to majority of the people. People, afraid to use health services locally,
seek medical care in other countries. Indeed, healthcare consumers would
be willing to pay more for better care that is of high value, of efficient
supply of drugs, of better technical quality, of well-maintained health
facilities, and of short wait times. The specific problem is that an entity
that can produce comprehensive world-class medical service is lacking.
Ubrica One will be home to five ultramodern academic specialty medical
centers structured as world-class hospitals to deliver care of the highest
quality possible.
 The absence of health services and biomedical innovative research and
development (R&D) capability. Ubrica One is poised to create a world-
class research facilities attached to the world-class hospitals. The research
facilities will serve as centers for research excellence in Kenya. The centers
will produce the best-in class researchers in health, medicine, and basic
sciences. The research facilities will also serve as technology transfer
organizations that will manage intellectual property, licensing, and
commercialization of products of research, and industrial development to
meet health needs of people.
9.3. BACKGROUND OF THE PROBLEM

In this section we present the background of the problem addressed in this
proposal from the framework of knowledge conversion. The section underpins
knowledge conversion as the centerpiece of national development,
emphasizing the central importance of comprehending knowledge conversion
to comprehend development.
9.3.1. Theoretical Underpinning: National Development a Function of Knowledge

Conversion
VERSION 2.2
Knowledge conversion is the work of discovering knowledge residing in the local

environments and mastering the discovered knowledge to create products and
services that people and organizations can use to advance themselves and to
defend themselves from enemies. Knowledge converts in five steps starting
from exploration, going to research, then to publication, then to translation and
finally to application of knowledge (Figure 10).
FIGURE 9. USTAWI STAGES OF KNOWLEDGE CONVERSION CONTINUUM

Note. From, Macharia Waruingi (2010). Knowledge conversion by open
innovation. Ustawi the knowledge conversion organization. Minnetonka, MN:
Ustawi. (Used with permission of author.)
Human development depends on capability of people residing in that nation, to

muster all the five stages of knowledge conversion in all fields of knowledge. A
developed nation in biomedicine, for example, is the one that has built a full-
scale capability for exploratory work in biomedicine, biomedical research,
publication and dissemination of biomedical knowledge, translation of
published biomedical knowledge into products such as pharmaceuticals and
medical devices and systems for delivery of health care services, and application
of biomedical knowledge in health promotion, disease prevention, cure of
VERSION 2.2
disease, and education of present and future generations of care providers.

Table 5 depicts the steps in the knowledge conversion continuum in
biomedicine.
TABLE 6. STAGES OF THE KNOWLEDGE CONVERSION CONTINUUM, AND PRODUCTS ASSOCIATED TO EACH
STAGE
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Stage 5
Process Exploration Research Publication Translation Application
Product Discovery of Verification Journals Intellectual Pharmaceuticals
facts, of facts, Thesis capital Medical devices
theories, and theories, Text books management, Health delivery
propositions, and Popular patents systems
propositions books Education
Art systems
Typically, underdeveloped nations lack the will to develop capability for

exploration, research, and translation of knowledge. Because they lack the will
to develop these capabilities, they rely for their existence, on application of
products and services created from knowledge discovered in other countries.
They rely on foreign facts, theories and propositions to implement their work
programs in their nations. Facts, theories and propositions from foreign sources
do not have working capacity in local situations because they do not fit. Because
of this problem, nations that rely on theories developed from knowledge
products generated for a foreign nation remain underdeveloped and
subservient to the nations from where the theories originated.
9.3.2. Relevance
For example, theories about approach to diseases developed from knowledge
collected in Boston, Massachusetts in the United States is of little help to a
clinician in Nyeri County dealing with medical conditions local to Nyeri County
Hospital in Kenya; much less in a health center in Mukurweini, or Othaya in
Kenya. Geography, culture, climate and other local forces have it that diseases
that occur in Nyeri are different from the diseases that occur in Boston.
VERSION 2.2
Furthermore, the local environments (culture, diet, nutrition, climate,

geography, economy) affect the human physiology in such manner that the
physiology adapts to local conditions. Indeed, the local environment modifies
human genetic expression, which in turn modifies the human physiology for
adaptation to needs of the local environment.
9.3.3. Relevance Paradox

Humans who live in hot climates are comfortable in high temperatures and do
not tolerate the cold climates without a period of acclimatization. Similarly,
humans who live in the lowlands with high oxygen tension do not tolerate low
oxygen-tension highlands without a period of acclimatization. This physiological
adaptation of individuals means that the human body tolerates medications
differently according to local environment. Rather, factors in local environment
determine the effectiveness of a medical treatment given to an individual. As
such, medicines developed with knowledge gathered from Boston dwellers,
may have lower effectiveness on Nyeri dwellers. Thus, use of knowledge from
Boston to solve problems plaguing people in Nyeri leads to incomplete
solutions, with attendant negative consequences.
9.3.4. Exploration and Discovery

Theories and propositions about how do help people deal with medical
problems in Nyeri must come from the work of discovery of such knowledge in
Nyeri, and not Boston. Theories and propositions about health and disease in
Nyeri must be verified through formal research about health and disease in
Nyeri.
9.3.5. Intellectual Property Protection

The discovered theories, propositions, and their verifications must be protected
with appropriate regulations and patents to safeguard loss of intellectual
property. Unprotected intellectual property is open to exploitation by outsiders
leading to tremendous loss.
VERSION 2.2
9.3.6. Publication
After appropriate protection, the discovered theories, propositions, and their
verifications must be published in journals, books, thesis, monographs for
dissemination to schools, universities, government organizations, non-
governmental organizations, business organizations, and indeed to all
interested individuals. The published knowledge is then available for creation of
new products and services that have fit and working capacity in the local
environment. Local companies can use the translated knowledge to create
medicines, medical devices, health delivery systems, medical services systems,
etc.
9.3.7. Application
The glaring absence of medical manufacturing in African countries, and the
extremely poor quality of medical services is the product of lack of attention to
exploration, research, publication and translation of local knowledge. A country
that has no local knowledge resembles a human being whose higher center of
the brain is amputated.
9.3.8. Knowledge Conversion in Biomedicine for Global Health

Developing countries lag behind in knowledge conversion in biomedicine. Many
governments of developing countries allocate no investments on exploration of
knowledge that would lead to discovery of bio-medical facts, theories and
propositions. Furthermore, governments of developing countries invest very
little in research that would lead to verification of facts, theories and
propositions. They do not invest in discovery and verification for the benefit of
the citizens of their nations. To overcome this problem, we must discover new
ways of funding knowledge conversion in biomedicine for global health using
blockchain.
9.3.9. Private Sector and Knowledge Conversion in Biomedicine in the World
VERSION 2.2
Private health care sector has historically played an important role in health
services delivery in developing countries. The absence of a well-organized health
insurance system and ambivalence in health care financing, however, limit the
growth of the private health care. In recent years, several developing countries
have rapidly re-emerged from grinding poverty, and business is springing back.
The national leadership is supportive of the private health care enterprise,
encouraging private investment in health care and medical facilities. The general
problem is inadequate health systems in developing countries. This countries
suffer long-term neglect and lack of investment with high rate of infection in
hospitals and limited medical equipment.
Investment in world-class Ubrica One Biomedical Industrial City will help to

overcome the problem of global health. Specifically, Ubrica One will be the
beacon of hope for biomedical discovery and a source of excellence in bio-
scientific publications. In addition, Ubrica One will lead to a new horizon of
translational medicine, medical devices and pharmaceutical manufacturing for
global health.
9.4. BMIC 6.04 BILLION UBNs
We will allocate 6.04 billion UBN to fund biomedical industrial city. The fund
raised will be used for design, development, construction and management of
BMIC. We will issue coins to facilitate construction and post-construction
management of biomedical industrial city. The biomedical city will function as an
epicenter for discovery and development of medical innovations for global
health.
9.4.1. Reward System

Holders of Ubricoin will receive discounted services at the biomedical industrial
city. The discounted services will include: healthcare services, hospitality and
tourism. The users of BMIC will receive loyalty points.
9.4.2. Reuse of Points
VERSION 2.2
The loyalty points will be used to assess services in the Ubrica ecosystem such
as shopping on Soko Janja and receiving services in URCCs. The points will also
be used in the pooled smart contract.
The 6.04 billion coins will be issued in four phases each phase raising funds to
support different segments of this project.
TABLE 7: UBRICOIN DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM FOR BIOMEDICAL INDUSTRIAL CITY
Tokens Phases Uses
402.6M Design  Desktop and field research

Phase 1  Doctors and other professionals
allocation  User research
604M Phase 2 Development  Physical planning, geotechnical studies,

allocation suitability analysis, Architecture, Engineering,
Economic planners, Construction planning,
Security, Information technology.
Biomedical Industrial City
3.02B Phase 3 Construction  Land purchase and entitlement

allocation  Government
2.01B Phase 4 Management  Mortgages
allocation  Incentives
 Excellence in education, clinical practice and
performance in all fields
VERSION 2.2
We will issue 402.6 million UBN to facilitate the design of the BMIC, setting out
the strategy and deciding on the best model for implementation. We require a
lot of desktop and field research to understand the BMIC scope. This will be done
by a team of professionals.

In this stage we will issue 604 million UBNs. This will be used for the
development of BMIC. We will identify and hire architects, engineers and
planners who will be responsible for developing the project scope and planning
the implementation of the BMIC.
These funds will be used to do feasibility studies which will include, physical
planning, geotechnical studies, suitability analysis, architecture, engineering,
economic planners, construction planning, security, information technology.

We will issue 3.02 billion UBN
to facilitate the construction of the BMIC. We intend to construct BMIC in Kenya.
These funds will be used to purchase land, entitlement and the construction
material for this project. The raised funds will also be used to do monitoring and
evaluation of the project.

We will issue 2.01 billion UBN to support management of the BMIC. We will use
the funds to create a mortgage program to facilitate ownership of medical and
scientific real estate. We will also create a reserve fund to support operation of
innovation hubs within the BMIC, until breakeven. Operations of an innovation
within the BMIC will be responsible for generating high quality research, idea
innovation, translation/commercialization of knowledge into products and
services that help solve local problems. The BMIC will bridge the university with
the industry and with the local community.
VERSION 2.2
To stimulate new innovation we will create bounty programs to reward

individuals or groups with new scientific ideas that will help provide solutions to
our vexing problems. We will issue tokens to people who will
 do original research,
 publish the results of their original research,
 present the results of their research in scientific conferences locally and
internationally,
 translate their research knowledge into commercial prototypes, and
 commercialize their prototypes into products of everyday use.
VERSION 2.2
10. DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM

Our goal is to get Ubricoin to be accepted by 2024, as standard method of
payment for the 14 million families in Kenya. Complete acceptance will mean that
all transactions will go through Ubricoin.
We hope that people will use Ubricoin for making payments for groceries, school
fees, medical care, transport, entertainment and for capital purchases such as
vehicles, buildings, land, for funding capital projects. In addition, people will use
Ubricoin to pay for all kinds of professional services to providers. Architectures,
engineers, doctors, lawyers, teachers, and the like, will accept Ubricoins for
services provided. Paraprofessionals; technicians, plumbers, carpenters, and all
labor providers in general, will accept UBNs as payment for their labor.
Business people will pay for the purchasers in UBN. Petrol station owners will
pay petroleum dealers with UBN. The dealers will then pay the refiners in UBN
thus covering the supply side. On the demand side, people will buy petroleum
using UBN. Similarly, restaurant owners will pay for groceries and other
restaurant supplies in UBN. The customers will in turn pay restaurant owners in
UBN. In the travel business, people will pay for tickets, hotel, accommodation,
meals and other travel amenities in UBN. UBN will generally be accepted in all
transactions, in both the supply and the demand side of business.
Implementation Strategy
VERSION 2.2
According to Rogers (1962), adoption of innovations such as Ubricoin

encounters five categories of people:
1. Innovators who want to be the first to try the innovation.
Innovators are venturesome and interested in new ideas.
Innovators are willing to take risk. They are often the first to adopt
new ideas. Very little, if anything, needs to be done to appeal to
innovators.
2. Early adopters are opinion leaders who enjoy leadership roles, and
embrace change opportunities. Early adopters are already aware of
the need to change and so are very comfortable adopting new
ideas. Strategies to appeal to this population include how-to
manuals and information sheets on implementation. They do not
need information to convince them to change.
3. Early majority are rarely leaders. Early majority typically need to see
evidence that the innovation works before they are willing to adopt.
Strategies to appeal to this population include success stories and
evidence of the innovation's effectiveness.
4. Late majority are skeptical of change. They will only adopt an
innovation after it has been tried by the majority. Strategies to
appeal to this population include information on how many other
people have tried the innovation and have adopted it successfully.
5. Laggards are bound by tradition and are very conservative. They are
very skeptical of change and are the hardest group to bring on
board. Strategies to appeal to this population include statistics, fear
appeals, and pressure from people in the other adopter groups.
Among the 14 million families in Kenya the following table indicates the number
of families in each category.
VERSION 2.2
TABLE 8. ADOPTION PROFILE OF UBRICOIN BY FAMILIES IN KENYA, BY 2024
Categories Percentage % Number of families
Innovators 2.5 350,000
Early adopters 13.5 1,890,000
Early majority 34 4,760,000
Late majorities 34 4,760,000
Laggards 16 2,240,000
Total 100 14,000,000
By 2024, we expect that Ubricoin to be used for transactions by 11,760,000

families of the 14 million families in Kenya. The 2,240,000 families remaining,
represents the laggards, who in Roger’s model, may not adopt Ubricoin as their
standard mode of payment. Non-the-less, they are highly likely to interact with
people using Ubricoin, such that they will become indirect users. For example, a
laggard could receive Ubricoin sent to him or her through a neighbor. Other
laggards may request friends, relatives or neighbors to help with shopping using
UBN.
Value Creation
While Roger informs us about the likelihood of people adopting particular
innovation, Metcalfe’s law (1980), is instructive about how Ubricoin will gain
value in the market. According to Metcalfe, the value of a network is directly
proportional to the square of its users (V = n(n-1)/2 ). Ubricoin is already a
currency. We do not need to hedge the value of the coin with fiat currency. We
only need to create a network of Ubricoin holders to use it as common tender
(see e.g., Bendell, Slater, & Ruddick, 2015). Our target in the primary stage is to
help at least one million people create Ubricoin wallets. By Metcalfe’s law, this
translates to a value of one million squared; that is, a value of one trillion.
VERSION 2.2
We have set aside two billion UBN to be distributed to one million people to
facilitate adoption by 11,760,000 people by 2024. The principal mechanism for
distributing the two billion Ubricoin is by allocating the coins directly from the
main contract to individual wallets held by people in disparate locations in the
country.
Primary Network Creation

We have developed a program for creating and building the UBN network.
Network creation involves distributing UBN to clusters of nested generations
with disparate distribution conditions. Generation refers to the source of the
Ubricoins. For example, first generation (G1) comprises people who receive UBN
directly from Ubricoin contract assisted by Ubrica team. The second generation
(G2) comprises people who receive help from the first generation (G1) to open
wallets. The third generation (G3) comprises people who receive help from the
second generation (G2) to open wallets, and so on. We have created a referral
program to reward each generation as an incentive to help us reach the one
million target.
G1 will receive 10,000 Ubricoin from the Ubrica team. G1 will then receive 20,000
UBN when they help ten people open wallets, and sent 1000 UBN to each of ten.
The ten people receiving 1,000 become G2. G2 then receives 9,000 UBN from the
contract to top up to 10,000 UBN. G2 in turn will help 10 people in their network
open wallets, and distribute 1,000 to each wallet. G2 wallets receives 20,000
UBN after distributing all the 10,000 UBN to 10 new wallets.
The new wallets forming G3, are then credited with 9,000 UBNs to top up to
10,000 UBN. G3 in turn will help 10 people in their network open wallets, and
distribute 1,000 to each wallet. G3 wallets receives 20,000 UBN after distributing
all the 10,000 UBN to 10 new wallets. In all the generations Ubricoin transferred
after they open new wallets are reimbursed and are encouraged to continue
recruiting. And the cycle continues to G4, G5, ….Gn.
VERSION 2.2
Secondary Network Creation

Soko Janja will be our secondary mechanism for coin distribution and adoption.
People will use Ubricoin on Soko Janja for purchases. People will also receive
new coins as loyalty points for purchasing in Soko Janja. The incentive program
will also act as a mechanism of distributing Ubricoins in future. When the rating
system is built people will receive Ubricoin for doing good in the community.
VERSION 2.2
11. ROADMAP
Our journey to build capability for high quality life-science and health-
production (LSHP) in Africa started in 2014. We created the concept note,
developed the business plan and registered the company. Since then we have
been able achieve major milestones. Therefore, we have created a feasible
roadmap based on the goals of the organization.
FIGURE 10: ROADMAP BASED ON THE GOALS OF THE ORGANIZATION
2014 2015 2016

Created Ubrica concept note Commissioned Completed BMIC
development of the masterplan medical city
Developed a business plan
biomedical industrial city and designed Ubrica
Registered the company
Visited Site of the future Retail Clinical Centers
biomedical industrial city (URCC)
2017
2nd quarter 2018
1st quarter 2018 Completed field
Ubricoin research for project
Built Soko Janja implementation in
development
Kenya
2018 2019
2020
Deployment of the Coins distribution
URCC
Smart Contract Soko Janja
2024 2022
Coins sale for BMIC STP
VERSION 2.2
12. SUMMARY
Ubricoin on blockchain will serve as a platform devoted to improving quality of
health for all. We will use Ubricoin to develop global health industry and create
market intelligence through a cryptocurrency reward system that will inspire
positive contribution to health improvement around the world. We will use a
smart review system to reward consumers for positive health behavior.
We need Artificial intelligence for global health. Ubricoin will gather intelligent
data about health, nutrition information and diseases. This data will help us
develop smart community health decision support system, smart public health
decision support system and smart clinical decision support systems. Ubricoin
will generate artificial intelligence for early disease detection algorithm built on
International Classification of Diseases (ICD), health and diseases monitoring,
effect and impact evaluation of health programs, improved data security,
accuracy and speed of diagnosis.
We will use Ubricoin to fund and create incentives for research, build world-class
capacity for health and clinical research in developing countries and for research
reporting through peer-to-peer reviewed papers by creating incentive token to
the authors. This will lead to more people taking part in developing scientific
papers. Ubricoin will create incentives for research and new product
development (R&D) with Brevis tokens for supporting development of scientific
products. We will use Ubricoin to support manufacturing of biomedical
products, and to facilitate commercialization of the products in the online
marketing and retail platform called Soko Janja. Ubricoin will also support
development and construction of scientific real estates in developing countries,
including Ubrica Retail Clinical Centers (URCCs), Science and Technology Parks
(STPs), a Biomedical Industrial City (BMIC).
VERSION 2.2
Ubricoin will benefit you, the consumer of health and other services. Consumers
will receive Brevis airdrops from shopping on Soko Janja. Providers of health
accepting Ubricoin as payment at the point of sale will receive Brevises loyalty
tokens, service quality tokens, direct feedback from consumers. Payers of health
using Ubricoin for transaction payment will experience dramatic reduction in
payment fraud. Suppliers of products and services to the health system will
enjoy simplified payment system. Regulators of health services will create
intelligent regulation based on real-time data. This will ensure good governance.
Local and international non-governmental organization will enjoy simplified data

gathering for needs assessments, project implementation evaluation, and post
implementation evaluation. International development organizations
concerned with global health will have a system for easy tracking of diseases of
global health concern, detecting diseases before they become epidemics.
VERSION 2.2
13. REFERENCES
Buterin, V. (2012). A next generation smart contract and decentralized application
platform. Retrieved from https://whitepaperdatabase.com/ethereum-eth-
whitepaper/
Gilder, G. (2013). Knowledge and power: The information theory of capitalism
and how it is revolutionizing our world. Washington, DC; Regnery
Publishing.
Gilder, G. (2016). The scandal of money: Why wall street recovers but the
economy never does. Washington, DC; Regnery Publishing
Lo, A. W. (2016). Funding medical innovation. Paper presented May 18, 2016 at
Financial Innovations in Healthcare, London Business School, London,
England. (based on joint work with Jayna Cummings, David Fagnan, John
Frishkopf, Jose-Maria Fernandez, Carole Ho, Austin Gromatzky, Ken Kosik,
John McKew, Vahid Montazerhodjat, Roger Stein, Richard Thakor, David
Weinstock, Nora Yang)
Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system. Retrieved
from https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf
Smith, P. C. & Witter, S. N. (2004). Risk pooling in health care financing: The
implications for health system performance. Washington, DC: The
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development /The World Bank
Szabo, N. (1994). Smart contracts. Retrieved from
http://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/rob/Courses/InformationInSpeech/CDROM/Li
terature/LOTwinterschool2006/szabo.best.vwh.net/smart.contracts.html
Waruingi, M. (2010). Knowledge conversion by open innovation. Ustawi the
knowledge conversion organization. Minnetonka, MN: Ustawi.
VERSION 2.2

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UBRICOIN

Blockchain Technology for Global Health

MACHARIA WARUINGI ♦ MICHAEL KARUU

Ustawi Biomedical Research Innovation and Industrial Centers of Africa

We are a life science and health production (LSHP) organization. We sponsor

DOCUMENT DEVELOPMENT TEAM

2.4.2. PROVIDERS ..................................................................................... 26

5.2. The Quandary ........................................................................................ 39

8.2.3. Start-Up Companies .........................................................................55

9.4. BMIC 6.04 BILLION UBNs ...................................................................... 67

TABLE 7: UBRICOIN DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM FOR BIOMEDICAL INDUSTRIAL

The blockchain has no central authority. As a shared, open and immutable

The blockchain is a simple yet ingenious way of passing information from A to B

Send money to B Identifies and Receives money after three days

FIGURE 1. TRADITIONAL METHOD OF MOVING MONEY

Blockchain enables transfer of money without trusted third party, without

Send money to B Immediately Receives money

1.1.1. How the Blockchain Works

1.1.1.2. Open Ledger

1.1.1.3. Distributed Ledger

1.2. WHY BLOCKCHAIN

We will use blockchain to facilitate meaningful interactions among peers

Blockchain aims at changing the external environment by including the distant

Ubricoin gives us an opportunity to build an incentive structure for goodwill and

marginalized hardworking people who contribute knowledge for the

1.3. Relationship between Blockchain, Money and Law

Buterin’s (2012) innovation, gave us Ethereum blockchain that allows everyone

to participate in validating transactions, a person must expend enormous energy

We created 10,000,000,000 (ten billion) Ubricoins (UBN). UBN refers to one

2.1. Ubricoin as a Utility Token

In proof of stake, Ubricoin will incentivize actors by assigning them units of

2.2. WHY UBRICOIN

The implication of artificial intelligence will include:

Blockchain technology will create cash incentive tokens for supporting

complete research products. This involves building world-class capability and

2.3. COIN DISTRIBUTION

Ubricoin Distribution Program

Community Development Founders Ubrica Project

UBNs Available for Sale distribution

SJ URCC USTP BMIC

FIGURE 4. UBRICOIN DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM

2.4.3. PAYER AND SUPPLIER

2.4.5. NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION

2.4.6. INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION

2.4.7. UNIVERSITIES/ ACADEMIC ORGANIZATIONS

2.4.8. HEALTH SERVICES ORGANIZATION

3. UBRICA GLOBAL HEALTH PROJECT

We plan to overcome access problem in two ways. One way is to support

We shall improve quality of medical services by supporting design, development

We shall overcome high cost of medical services by construction of a biomedical

SMART CONTRACT HUMAN ENGAGEMENT PROJECTS

3.1. SMART CONTRACT

Smart contracts help exchange money, property, shares, or anything of value in

3.1.1. Smart contract escrow in Soko Janja

3.1.2. Smart Reward

3.2. HUMAN ENGAGEMENT

3.3.1. Ubrica Retail Clinical Centers

3.3.2. University Science and Technology Parks

3.3.3. Biomedical Industrial City

4. SMART REWARD (CRYPTOECONOMICS)

We strive to create a health conscious community that rewards people who

Ubricoin on blockchain for global health is extremely powerful as it will build

This smart reward system will unlock unprecedented amount of funds to