MATH F214: ELEMENTARY REAL ANALYSIS

ASSIGNMENT SHEET-3

M.THAMBAN NAIR

(1) Let  be a partial order on a non-empty set S and for x, y ∈ S write x ≺ y iff
 y and x 6= y. Show that ≺ is a total order iff it is an order relation.
(2) Let (xn ) be a sequence in R and x ∈ R. Prove:
(a) xn → x iff for every ε > 0 and for any α > 0, there exists N ∈ N such that
|xn − x| ≤ αε for all n ≥ N .
(b) xn → x iff for every ε > 0, there exists N ∈ N such that xn ∈ (x − ε, x + ε)
for all n ≥ N .
(3) Prove the following:
(a) Let (an ) and (bn ) are sequences of real numbers such that an ≤ bn for all
n ∈ N. If an → a and bn → b, then a ≤ b.
(b) Let (an ), (bn ) and (cn ) are sequences of real numbers such that an ≤ bn ≤ cn
for all n ∈ N. If there exists x ∈ R such that an → x and cn → x, then
bn → x.
(4) Let (xn ) be a sequence of real numbers. Prove the following:
(a) (xn ) in R is bounded iff there exists M > 0 such that the set S := {xn :
n ∈ N} is bounded.
(b) (xn ) is bounded iff there exists M > 0 and N ∈ N satisfying |xn | ≤ M for
all n ≥ N .
(5) Show that every Cauchy sequence is bounded.
(6) Show that every convergent sequence is a Cauchy sequence.
(7) If E ⊆ R is a bounded infinite set, then show that E contains a convergent
sequence with distinct entries.
(8) Let (xn ) be a sequence in R. Prove the following:
(a) If (xn ) is monotonically increasing and bounded above, then
xn → x := sup{xn : n ∈ N}.
(b) If (xn ) is a Cauchy sequence having a subsequence which converges to x,
then (xn ) also converges to x.

Date: September 14, 2022.

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2 M.THAMBAN NAIR

Department of Mathematics, BITS Pilani Goa Campus, Goa 403 726, INDIA
Email address: mtnair@goa.bits-pilani.ac.in; mtnair@faculty.iitm.ac.in