21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD

MIDTERM EXAMINATION

NAME: _____________________________________GRADE/SECTION: _____________________________

DATE: ________________PARENT’S SIGNATURE OVER PRINTED NAME: _______________________
I. IDENTIFICATION
WRITE IN THE BLANK BOXES THE WORD/S DESCRIBED IN EACH ITEM.
1. The poem/tula written by Andres Bonifacio that was used to plant seeds of
Nationalism for the Filipinos is…
2. These are bilinguals during the Spanish Colonization who translated written works
into tagalog.
3. “Diariong Tagalog” and “La Solidaridad” are examples of _____________ Literature
during the pre-colonial period.
4. “Panunuluyan” is a play portraying Mother Mary’s journey of Childbirth, is
_______________ in Bicol…
5. It is a literary experience that combines three media: book, movie/video, and Internet
Website.
6. This form of literary criticism examines literature based on the psychological desires
and neuroses of the characters within a particular piece of literature.
7. This method of criticism examines the author’s status in their society as well as the
effect that the literary work had on its audience within the society.
8. This type of criticism is rooted in the belief that a reader's reaction to or interpretation
of a text is as valuable a source of critical study as the text itself.
9. This literary criticism style approaches literature based on its ethical merits.
10. This is known as the practice of studying, evaluating, and interpreting works of
literature.

II. MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE (2 points each item)

Write A if the 1st statement is True and the 2nd statement is False.
Write B if the 1st statement is False and the 2nd statement is True
Write C if both statements are True.
Write D if both statements are False.
1. 1st Literature mirrors the history of a nation.
2nd Noli Me Tangere is written by Andres Bonifacio
2. 1st Political Novels like Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, Apolinario Mabini’s
master pieces paved the way to the revolution.
2nd The seeds of activism resulted in the declaration of Martial Law by Pres. Ferdinand
Marcos in 1972.The youth became completely rebellious during this period. This was
proven not only in the bloody demonstrations and in the sidewalk expressions, but also
in literature. Campus newspapers showed rebellious emotions. (Kahayon and Zulueta)
3. 1st Martial Law repressed and curtailed human rights, including freedom of the press, and
Filipino writers wrote about these dark days in their writings.
2nd Baybayyin is a type of characters/symbols are used by our ancestors in writing in the
pre-colonial period.
4. 1st Linguistic Context can be the author’s background. Through studying the author, you
may be able to connect the characters and their morals to the author’s life and analyze
the patterns of behavior shown between and among the characters, the author, and you
 as a reader.
2 nd
Biographical Context is mainly about the language or the choice of words of the author.
This also includes sentences, patterns, imagery, etc. of the text. Most of the readers use
some strategies related to linguistics to get to know more the meaning of a literary
peace.
5. 1st A Sociocultural Context is mostly about the social, economic, political, and cultural
forces affecting the work that you are reading.
2nd You should not assume that all works are confessional, biographical, or even “true to
life.” A literary text is according to the author’s perspective and will be heavily
influenced by him or her, but it is not the only way of studying literature.

III. POEM ANALYSIS

Akó/Akò
By Leo Baltar

Ang kasaysayan ng bakla ay kasaysayan ng pagtatanggi.

Hindi ko ito maitatanggi. May pitong taong ako,
Walang malay sa posibilidad ng daigdig, wala pang hinagap
Sa lohika ng mga lalaki; ang sabi ng angkol, sunda-sundaluhan
At baril-barilan ang laro ng tunay na matitikas.
Para akong pinaltik noon sa dibdib. Gawa-gawang mitong
Pinag-inugan ng musmos kong mundo. Parating angas,
Tapang, tipuno. Ibinubukod ang lambot, isinasalansan
Ang hinhin. May pakiramdam na laging nakaamba ang tukso
At buyo ng mga kalaro. Pinakamatalab ang salita ng papang.
Sa ganoon ko unang natuklasan ang mahika ng pagkukunwari.
Kukumbinsihin ang sariling ako nga iyong pinaniniwalaan kong ako.
Subalit minsan nadaratnan na lamang ang sariling wala sa katawan.
May mga pagkakataon ngang ang kasaysayan ng bakla
Ay kasaysayan ng pagtatanggi.
Mabuti nga ay kasaysayan na lamang iyon,
Matagal nang naagnas na bahagi ng akin.
May mabuting bersiyon ng pag-angkin.
20 points
What was the Linguistic
Register used?
What type of context does the
poetry have? Why?
What kind of poetry was
portrayed? Traditional or 21st
Century poetry? How did you
say so?

What was the message of the

Poem?

Umók
By Raquezha
Nagigirumduman ko nanaman an namit
Kan tocino na binakal ni Papa ki Pay Tasing
An parong habang piniprito sa kawali
An pagtilampsik kan lanang sobrang init
Inaabangan ko an pag-ugpa kan kakanon
Sa lamesa ming maugmahon
Yaon si tugang na mayong ibang ginibo
Kundi an magselpon maghapon
Si Papa na inaabangan an balita sa TV
Uni ako sadit-sadit
Dai pa kayang magkakan solo
Kaya inaabang ko an eroplano
Nagitok-itok may darang maluto
Saka paborito kong tocino
Naglalayog daa sabi ni Mama
"Open your mouth na"
Arog lang kani an buhay mi kadto
 Simple lang pero magkaibahan
Sa atubangan kan lamesa
Mahihiling mo an pagpadangat ninda
Mauumok ka sa kaugmahang dara
Simple man lang an gusto ko
An makainom nin tubig
Sa atubangan nindo.
20 points
What was the Linguistic Register
used?
What type of context does the
poetry have? Why?
What kind of poetry was
portrayed? Traditional or 21st
Century poetry? How did you say
so?
What was the message of the
Poem?

Kun Ika Mamoót (If You Are to Love)

by Jasleen Kalra by Jasleen Kalra

Kun ika mamoót, And if you are to love.

Mamoót arog kan pagpadangat kan búlan. And if you are to love,
Dae niya hinahâbon an banggí, Love as the moon loves.
Pinapaluwas niya an gayón kan diklóm. It doesn't steal the night,
It only unveils the beauty of the dark.
Asin kun ika mamoót,
Mamoót arog kan pagpadángat kan urán. And if you are to love,
Dae niya binabasa an háwak, Love as the rain loves.
Nililinigan niya lang an atî kan kalág ta. It doesn't wet the bodies,
It only washes the sad dirt of the souls.
Asin kun ika mamoót,
Mamoót arog kan pagpadángat kan duros. And if you are to love,
Dae siya nawáwarâ, Love as the wind loves.
 Pinaparahay niya an satuyang sadkíri sa kada It doesn't drift away,
paghángos ta. It only cleanses you to the core by invading through
each pore.
Asin kun ika mamoót, And if you are to love,
Mamoót arog kan pagpagdángat kan saldáng. Love as the sun loves.
Dae ka susulô sa kaláyo na tinatao niya, It doesn't radiate heat,
An sulô na hali saiya an mapagayón kan agihan. It only pours its warmth on you to enlighten your
way.
Asin kun ika mamoót,
Mamoót arog kan pagpagdángat kan bitóon.
Bako lang kintab an dara, And if you are to love,
Pinapagirumduman kita na maski Love as the star loves.
an kagadánan kayang pagsuwáyonan duwang It doesn't delightfully twinkles,
puso. It only reminds you that not even death can separate
two hearts.
Asin kun síring,
ika mamoót And so forth,
Mamoót bako lang bilang parte, if you are to love
kundi arog kan bílog na kinâban. Love as the whole universe
& not just a part of it.
Mamoót ka arog kan bílog na kinâban

.
20 points (Analyze the Bicol Version)

What was the Linguistic

Register used?
What type of context does the
poetry have? Why?
What kind of poetry was
portrayed? Traditional or 21st
Century poetry? How did you
say so?
What was the message of the
Poem?