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City$p
Guilds
6165-021 DECEMBER 2008
Technician Diploma in Construction
Applied scientific techniques 2 - principles

Monday You should have the

1 December 2OO8 following for this examination
09:30 - 12:00 . a multiple-choice answer sheet
. a pen with black or blue ink

This question paper is the property of the City and Guilds of London
lnstitute and is to be returned after the examination.

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mo
t-J[c#-l
@
t-c-;l t-hd
o c*;l I t
@

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box below the circle like this

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t-c-*r I

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This paper contains 90 questions. Answer them using the 'boxes' numbered
1 to 90 on the answer sheet.

O The City and Guilds of London lnstitute 2008

I tilill illt ]til ililt ]il flil ilil il] ll]

0536822
 The algebraic expression The expression log 8'+ log 4'- log 2' can
be simplified to a single term as
lmnzp-2np'-3lmnq+6pq
a 2log2
when factorised becomes b x log2
c 2xlog3
a (lmn - zp)(np + 3q1 d 4xlog2.
b (lmn - 2p)(np - 3q)
c (lmn + 2p)(np - 3q)
d (lmn + 2p)(np + 39).

lf logz (3x -1) = 3, then x equals

a1 Figure 1

b2
c3 Figure 1 shows a rectangular plot whose
d4. perimeter is 64 m. lf the length of the plot is
8 m greater than its breadth, then the value
ofxis
lf the formula V = 1n'n
3
is rearranged to
make R as the new subject, the formula will a 8m
then be

a R= r
1 g"h
b
c
d
10m
12m
16m.

The two values which satisfy the quadratic

EV 6
b R= t_ equationX=
' -
5-x
?ra
1"n
a -2,3
c R= t_t
/v)' b -2, -3
c 2,3
Is"hJ d 2, -3.
(sv)' lf the formula v2 = u2 + 2as is transposed to
d R=
f.;] make 'a'the new subject, the formula will
now be

lf the formula tl = cf + 2as is transposed to

a a= v'+ u'
make 's' the new subject, the formula will b a=v2-u'-2s
now be c a =(v2-2s)lu2
d a=(v2-ur1l2s.
a s=rl-Gtza
b s=rf+G-za 10 lf log3 Qx - l) = 2, then the value of x is
c s=(f_2a)lu? a3
d s=(v2-G|Za. b4
c5
x x
d6.
5 lf ;J +
,= ,,then the value of x is

a2
b3
c5
d6.

0536822
 11

'a
Which one of the following triangles is both
acute-angled and isosceles?

AA
Questions 14 to 16 refer to Figure 4

Figure 4

14 The shaded part of the circle in Figure 4 is

called

a sector
b segment
c secant
d arc.
Figure 2

12 lf TP and TQ are tangents to the circle at

15 Given that r = 22
7
. the circumference of the

the points P and Q in Figure 2, then /X i, circle in Figure 4 is

equal to
a 22m
a 38" b 44m
b 67" c 66m
c 71" d 88m.
d 76". 16 The area of the circle in Figure 4 is

a 77m2
b 88m2
c 154 m2
d 176 m2.

Figure 3
Figure 5
13 The curve shown in Figure 3 is for the
function 17 The area of the shaded part in Figure 5 is

a /=Sind a 48ncm2
b Y=coso b 64 ncm2
c Y=Tano c 82 xcm2
d y=1+Sind d 92ncm2.

0536822 See next page

18 Which one of the following relationship is
true?

a cos(90-0)-cosd
b cos (90 - q = sin d
c cos (180 - 0) = cos d
d cos (180 - 0) = sin e.
19 A rectangular tank is 5 m long, 2.5 m wide
and 6 m deep, and is one third full of water.
The volume of the water in the tank is

a 25m3
b 50m3
c 75m3
d 100 m3.

Figure 7

21 Figure 7 is the graph of the quadratic

equation y = f - 3x - 6. The solution to the
equation *_ Zx-6=4is
1,.-. 1 J
a (-3, 0)
Figure 6 b (-2,4)
c (4.5, -1.5)
In Figure 6 the sine of the angle x is d (-2, 5).

1
--
'12
b 0.5
C 1

d 2.

kilsmetr*g
Figure 8

22 Using the graph Figure 8, which converts

km into miles, 90 km is equal to

a 50 miles
b 55 miles
c 56 miles
d 58 miles.

0536822
 lf the series 2, 5, 8, 11 ..... . .... has 25 terms
in it, the last term would be

a71
b74
c77
d 80.
The 100th term of the series
3, 5,7 ,9, 11 is .....

a 200
b 201
c 401
d 402.

Figure 9 Questions 28 and 29 reter to Figure 11

Figure 9 is the graph of the equation Grode Iolilcs

y = f + 10x - 37.5. The roots of the
quadratic equation * + 10x - 37.5, using I lt
the graph, are 2 t++t
a
3 +++f ril I
-30,15
b -25,15
l. l+fr +++f il
c -21,19 5 +Ht ilil
d -4,3. 6 ilt

I -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 Figure 11

v 2C 0 1 l, 15 32
28 The tally chart in Figure 11 shows the
grades of students in an examination.
What is the total number of students getting
Figure 10 grades 4lo 6?

-24 Figure 10 is the table of the graph for the a3.

equation Y = 3f + 2x - 1. The missing b9.
value of y is c 12.
d 24.
a -13
b-7 29 The relative frequency of the students
c+7 getting grade 3 in the tally chart in Figure 11
d +13. is

25 The sum of the first 50 terms of the 7

sequence
1,2,3,4,5 . 50
...... is
7
a 675 40
b 1275 I
c 2550 50
d 2650. 9
40

0536822 See next page

 34 lf the thermal resistance of a material is
1.04 m2 "CAIV its thermal transmittance in
wlm2'C will be

a 0.96
b 1.04
c 1.08
d 1.12.

35 Which one of the following does not

introduce moisture in the form of a vapour
Figure 12 into the air within a domestic dwelling?

30 The bar chart in Figure 12 shows the a Washing.

number of trees cut down in a forest for b Cooking.
each week in a period of four weeks. What c Radiators.
is the total number of trees cut down during d Breathing.
the first three weeks?
36 Which one of the following instruments is v
a 1 60. used to find the dew point in a laboratory?
b 1 65.

c 170. a Barometer.
d 175. b Voltmeter.
c Thermometer.
31 Boyle's Law states that, the d Hygrometer.

a pressure of a fixed mass of gas is 37 Which one of the following materials is used
directly proportional to its absolute as thermal insulation in cavity wall
temperature, if the volume is kept construction?
constant
b volume of a fixed mass of gas is a Slate.
inversely proportional to the pressure if b Chipboard.
the temperature is kept constant c Expandedpolystyrene.
c volume of a fixed mass of gas is d Mortar.
directly proportional to its absolute
temperature, if the pressure is kept 38 The correct unit of thermal conductivity is
constant
d pressure of gas is atmospheric a m'"c/VV
pressure plus that due to other sources b m'CAff
if the volume is kept constant. c Wm2'C
d Wm "C.
32 The volume of a fixed amount of gas is
maintained at a pressure of 2.0 atm and a 39 The relative humidity of an atmosphere is a
temperature of 50"C. lf the temperature is means of expressing how close it is to
raised to 100'C, with no change in volume,
what will the new pressure be? a boiling point
b evaporation
a 1.7 atm. c freezing point
b 2.3 atm. d moisture saturation.
c 2.6 atm.
d 2.9 atm. 40 Surface condensation occu rs whenever
moist, warm air comes into contact with
33 lf the absolute temperature of a fixed mass surfaces which
of gas is halved at constant pressure, its
volume will a are absorbent
b are at, or below, the dew point
a increase by a factor of 2 c have a high U value
b decrease by a lactor o'f 2 d have a low thermal conductivity.
c increase by a factor of 4
d decrease by a factor of 4.

0536822
 41 The U value for a wall comprising of 46 Amplitude and frequency are terms to
elements having individual thermal describe
resistances of 0.1 15 + 1 .609 + 0.075 +
0.210 is A WAVES
b noise
a 2.0 c heat
b 1.5 d elasticity.
c 1.0
d 0.5. 47 Sound levels are measured in

42 The amplitude of a wave is a measure of its a hertz

b decibels
a sound c ohms
b energy d pascals.
C frequency
d wavelength. 48 The concept of the generator is to rotate
which one of the following in a magnetic
field?

a Coil.
b Capacitor
c Resistance.
d Magnet.

Figure 13 .1
43 The dimension shown on the wave diagram
in Figure 13 is termed +
time
a amplitude
b frequency I
C magnitude
d wavelength. Figure 15

49 The curve shown in Figure 15 represents

one complete oscillation of

a direct current
b conductance
c capacitance
Figure 14 d alternating current.

44 The dimension shown on the wave diagram 50 Transformers work on the principle of
in Figure '14 is termed electromagnetic induction, so they can only
work on
a wavelength
b amplitude a high voltage
c frequency b alternating current
d magnitude. c low voltage
d direct current.
45 When sound is transmitted through a solid it
is referred to as 51 Connecting a circuit between a single live
cable and a neutral cable would produce
a structure-borne
b airborne a single-phase supply
c liquid-borne b two-phase supply
d transmission-borne. c three-phase supply
d four-phase supply.

4536822 See next page

52 ln alternating current the current keeps 59 Preservative treatments are used in which
one of the following construction materials?
a altering its frequency
b reversing its direction a Brick.
c altering its value b Plaster.
d alternating from a.c. to d.c. c Timber.
d Concrete.
53 Which one of the following is generally not
used for water transportation? 60 Which one of the following factors does not
affect the strength of hardened concrete?
a Rivers.
b Aqueducts. a Water-cement ratio.
c Pipelines. b Compaction.
d Desalination plants. c Aggregate cement ratio.
d Volume of concrete.
54 Pure water is never found in nature
because for many minerals, water is an
excellent ,o. r+ + 20tH
-<r.
a hydrate
Figure 16
b coagulant
c solvent 61 Refer to Figure 16. The force which brings
d filter.
the above forces acting at a point into
equilibrium is
55 Sedimentation, filtration and disinfection are
all types of
a z}fit
a medicine
\
b bacteria
c pollutants
b 20 r/ik
d treatments.
\
56 During water treatment, chemicals called
coagulants are added to the water to c r0 r/Ir
combine with bacteria etc to form \
a
b
chlorine
fluoride
d lo/irx
c lime

q
d flocs.

-r- IYtotrl +
A concrete cube of side 150 mm is tested in
compression. The failing load was 675 kN.
'-i;'
lokN
The ultimate compressive stress was I

a 20 Nimm2 Figure 17
b 30 N/mm2
c 40 N/mm2 62 The force which brings the forces in
d 50 N/mm2. Figure 17 acting at a point into equilibrium is

58 A steel bar of cross-section 20 mm x 30

mm is subjected to an axial pull of 60 kN.
The normal tensile strength in the bar is {,nu*
o
a 100 N/mm2
b 200 N/mm2
c 300 N/mm2 .u *--..--
20kN frou*
d 400 N/mm2.

0536822
 ID+-<F
10kN
l +l zotN ,olzuN/ -r
lzottt + + l,ou*+\
pl
10kN
f AL I X/'--
Figure 20
Figure 18

Refer to Figure 18. The resultant of the

66 The vertical component of the resultant of
the forces in Figure 20 acting at a point is
force components acting at a point is

I
o A

llokN
c lzomt
,,--
f t,,--
b d |ro*,
ftl,ou* I

Which one of the following is a vector? f,,iu' t,,--

a Speed.
b

t
20tN

+t+
Weight. 20rr*|1
c rsN
d
Mass.
Length. +f
P
P

Figure 21
---
Figure 19 67 The resultant of the vectors shown in
Figure 21 is
The direction of the resultant of the two
vectors shown in Figure 19 is
a 2olrN t
I

b 2OkN ---*
I
T\ c 4OkN I
I

d aOk?{ I

0536822 See next page

 3or6kN 2OkN 'l0k N

rJ
I

i+i+
PE
^rokN r I
P llokN*fron*+fsorru
Figure 22 Figure 24

68 The resultant of the vectors shown in 70 The resultant of the forces in Figure 24
Figure 22 is acting at a point is

a OkN , OkN o okN " fro*N

b rokNl, okN b d
fzorr.r f,.or.N

c 2otNl, okN
d 3orNl, ok,.l

Ra = 6kN RB=

111 Figure 23
71
Figure 25

The reaction Re for the loaded beam shown

in Figure 25 is

The forces shown in Figure 23 would be

a 5kN
referred to as
b 6kN
c 7kN
a intersecting forces
d 8kN.
b parallel forces
c concurrent forces
d resultant forces.

Figure 26

72 The shear force at point F in Figure 26 is

a -15 kN
b -5kN
c 5kN
d 15 kN.

0536822 10
 r0kN

Figure 27 z-v
o
The resultant moment about the point A in
z
J
C)
Figure 27 is

o zo urr) c 30n**)
t0kN
b 25u**) d 3sr-,
Figure 29

75 Refer to Figure 29. The resultant moment

at point A is

a 0kNm
b 10 kN m
c 20kNm
d 40kNm.

Figure 28

74 Refer to Figure 28. The resultant moment

at point A is

\
o ZkNm /
u skrlm J
c l6lqNnn ../ Figure 30
d Ie*Nm J The resultant moment about point 'A' in
Figure 30 is

\
a 1okN
.\
b 20kN

c 30kN

d -\40kN

11
0536822 See next page
 25 kN

Figure 31 Figure 34

77 The force required at B to bring the parallel The reactions Re and Ra for the supported
force system in Figure 31 into equilibrium is beam shown in Figure 34 are respectively

a 7kN a 5 kN,20 kN
b 14kN b 10 kN, 15 kN
c 21kN c 15 kN, 10 kN
d 28 kN. d 20 kN, 5 kN.

20k N

Figure 35

25tN 81 The deflected form for the propped

Figure 32 cantilever beam in Figure 35 is

The bending moment at point D on the

part-loaded beam shown in Figure 32 is

a 10kNm
b 20kNm
c 30kNm
d 40kNm.

45kN

Figure 33

The reactions Rn and Rs respectively in

Figure 33 are DEFLECTED FORM

a 15 kN,30 kN Figure 36
b 20 kN,25 kN
c 25 kN,20 kN The regions of tension shown in Figure 36
d 30 kN, 15 kN. are for a

a cantilever beam
b built-in beam
c portalframe
d continuous beam.

0536822 12
 lcm

Figure 37

83 Refer to Figure 37. The distance v to the

centroid is
Figure 39
a 20 mm
b 22 mm 85 Refer to Figure 39. The centroid position y
c 24 mm is
d 26 mm.
a 1.5 cm
b 2.0 cm
c 2.5 cm
d 3.0 cm.
SUSPENSION
PostTroN 1

Figure 38

84 Refer to Figure 38. The intersection

position of the suspension lines 'O' denotes Figure 40
the
86 On the stress v strain graph shown in
a neutral axis Figure 40 range 'X' is referred to as
b centre of gravity
c mass of the body a ultimate
d inertia of the body. b elastic
c plastic
d working.

87 The tensile strength of a bar is 400 N/mm2.

lf the maximum permissible stress is
182 N/mm2, the factor of safety (F.O.S.) is

a 0.22
b 2.2
c 22.0
d 220.0.

13
0536822 See next page
88 ln a tensile lest on a mild steel bar having 90 The totalforce on a retaining wall per metre
an E value of 210 kN/mm2, the stress was run, retaining water to a height of 4 m, is
105 N/mm2. The corresponding strain is approximately

a .002% a 60 kN
b .005% b 80 kN
c .020% c 100 kN
d .050%. d 120 kN.

89 A compression member is required to have

a factor of safety of 2. lf a load of 25 kN is
to be carried, what stress should be
recorded on the specimen area of
100 mm x 100 mm?

a 5 N/mm2.
b 10 N/mm2.
c 15 Nmm2.
d 20 N/mm2.

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Have you filled in your answers in INK in the appropriate boxes on the answer sheet?

0536822 14