SS012 Bricklayer, Blockwork & Plaster - Rev - 0

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MARCH 2022 ISSUED FOR CONSTRUCTION SECTION 12 – BRICKLAYER, BLOCKWORK & PLASTERING
SECTION 12
12.0 BRICKLAYER & BLOCKWORK
12.1 GENERALLY
This section covers requirements for the erection of masonry walls, including
common clay bricks, concrete blocks and Autoclave Aerated blocks. Whenever a
material, item, article or product is specified by trade/brand name, manufacturer's
name or catalogue reference, the Contractor propose to use its equivalent in the
Works, subject to the written confirmation of the Architect.
12.2 STANDARDS
Unless otherwise agreed by Architect, ensure all of the works comply with the
relevant requirements of the Standards and Codes listed below or referenced in the
body of the Specification. Alternative Standards and Codes may be submitted to the
Architect provided it can be demonstrated that the alternative Standards and Codes
comply with the requirements of the standards specified. All standards and Codes
quoted are the current version, unless specific year references are noted.
Singapore Standards (or equivalent Standards)
SS 18 Hard drawn mild steel reinforcement
SS 26 Portland Cement
SS 31 Aggregates from natural sources for concrete
SS 103 Bricks, burnt clay and shale bricks
SS 271 Precast concrete blocks
Other Standards
BS EN 499 Welding consumables – covered electrodes for manual metal arc

welding of non alloy and fine grain steels - classification
BS EN 1461 Hot Dip Galvanised Steel
BS EN 10088-1 Stainless steel – List of stainless steel
BS EN 12878 Pigments for the colouring of building materials based on cement

and/or lime
BS EN 13055 Lightweight aggregates for masonry aggregates and structural
Concrete
COPYRIGHT BY M/S AWP PTE LTD. THIS SPECIFICATION IS THE PROPERTY OF M/S AWP PTE LTD AND CANNOT BE COPIED, REPRODUCED PARTLY OR
WHOLLY WITHOUT THE WRITTEN PERMISSION OF M/S AWP PTE LTD.
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BS EN 13139 Aggregates for mortar
BS EN 13369 Common rules for precast concrete products
BS 1200 Specification for building sands from natural resources
BS 1243 Specification for metal ties for cavity wall construction
BS 3921 Specification for clay bricks
BS 4551 Testing for Mortar Strength
BS 4887 Mortar Admixtures: Specification fro air entraining (plasticizing)

admixture Part 1
BS 5224 Specification for masonry cement
BS 5234 Partitions (including matched linings). Code of Practice for

design and installation
BS 6398 Specification for bitumen damp-proof courses to masonry
BS 8000 Code of Practice for masonry Part 3
DIN18175 – EN 1051 Glass Blocks
12.3 BRICKS
All common bricks shall be of a standard size of even shape, hard, well burnt,
machine-made pressed bricks with true arises. Bricks to be regular in shape and
meet the requirements of relevant BS and PSB. Bricks will have a minimum
compressive strength of 35MN/mm2.
Bricks shall be delivered to the Site by the supplier and shall be carefully stacked in
convenient positions on arrival. All bricks shall give a clear ring when struck with a
trowel or another brick. No soft or defective bricks are allowed and no bats or broken
bricks shall be used except for closers.
12.4 SAMPLES
The Contractor shall supply sample bricks and blocks for the approval of the
Architect before delivery to the Site and all bricks and blocks delivered must not fall
below the standard of the approved samples.
Further samples of bricks and blocks taken at random from the load shall be
deposited with and be approved by the Architect before being used and all
subsequent deliveries shall be up to the standard of that approved.
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The removal of bricks and blocks not up to the standard of the approved samples
shall be at the expense of the Contractor as it shall be his responsibility to accept
from the suppliers’ bricks or blocks of the approved standard only.
12.5 MORTAR
The sand for mortar is to comply with relevant British Standard and is to be clean,
sharp fresh water river or naturally occurring sand free of organic impurities to be
washed and screened if so directed by the Architect.
Cement is to be as described in the engineering specification, General Concrete

section.
Mortar shall consist of cement and sand in the proportions of one part Portland
cement to six parts sand, by volume, with an approved plasticiser added, in
accordance with the manufacturer’s printed instructions.
The materials are to be accurately measured in purpose made measuring boxes on

a watertight raised platform, first dry, then with the addition of water until desired
consistency is attained. Alternatively mortar can be mixed using an appropriate
machine, subject to the ARCHITECT’s approval.
The use of plasticiser or other additives may be allowed upon application being
made to the ARCHITECT. Any such plasticiser or additives that are permitted shall
be used strictly in accordance with the manufacturer’s printed instructions.
Mortar to have a minimum compressive strength of 3.6N/mm2 at 28 days when

tested in accordance with BS 45541. Mortar is to be used within one hour of the
addition of water, and any mortar that has started to set, is to be discarded and not
re-tempered.
All mixing boards and boxes are to be cleaned at the end of each day’s work, and all
unused mortar is to be removed from the Site.
12.6 SETTING OUT
The Contractor shall provide proper setting out rods and shall set out on the same
all works showing openings, heights, sills and lintels and shall build the various walls
and piers to the thickness, widths and heights as shown in the drawings. No part of
the walling shall be constructed more than one meter higher than any other part at
any one time and in such cases the jointing shall be made in long steps and not by
toothing so as to prevent cracks arising. All walls shall be levelled around at floors
and all brickwork must be built in level courses, no four courses of brickwork to rise
more than 300mm.
Proper plumbing must be carried out to ensure those brick walls constructed are
perpendicular to the floor throughout its height and length. Brick walls that are not
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constructed straight shall be demolished and reconstructed at the Contractor's own

cost.
12.7 LAYING AND JOINTING BRICKWORK
Before commencing any brickwork, the Contractor shall confer with other specialist
contractors to ensure that all pipes, conduits, drains, sleeves, bolts, hangers, door
and window fixing lugs or timber pellets or any other materials necessary to be
installed in the brickwork at the time it is built have been fixed or provided for.
All bricks shall be well wetted by being soaked in clean water for at least half an hour
before use and tops of walls where left off shall be wetted before re-commencing
building. Clean all supporting surfaces and remove loose mortar before laying units
All joints shall be 10mm thick and flushed up and grouted in solid as the work
proceeds.
All constructed brickwork and block work must be cured with water for 5 days and
protected from sun rays 2 days after laying.
Except where specified to be fair face, all faces of brickwork and walling shall be left
rough and the joints raked out to a depth of 10mm whilst the mortar is green to form
adequate key for plaster.
Tops of walls where built to underside of soffits to be pointed up with 25mm layer of
‘Flexell’ or similar approved expansion jointing material. In the case of fire resisting
walls, the walls including associated steelwork must provide fire separation and
smoke sealing between rooms/compartments to the fire rating as indicate in the
drawings. Where noted on drawings install fire sealants to vertical and horizontal
joints and intumescent paint to the steelwork to achieve the required fire
performance.
Frames, grounds, bearers etc. to be fixed to walls to be built in as the work proceeds
and are to be bedded solidly at the back in cement mortar and pointed.
Mesh Reinforcement is to be laid, every fourth course (Every course for walls less
than 100mm thk.). Mesh to be galvanised steel or Grade 1.4401 stainless steel
0.3mm thick.
Walls on ground floors, roof, carparking floors, external wall or party to a ‘wet’ room
etc, to be built off a DPC at slab level. Damp proof course to be in accordance with
BS:743.
Where brick units occur on sloped ramps, cut bottom course to maintain horizontal
jointing.
Contractors provide RC stiffeners to structural engineer’s detail where required.
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12.8 BONDING BRICKWORK
All half-brick thick walls throughout the work shall be built entirely in stretchers and
shall be laid so that there is always a lap of one brick over another of half a brick. All
one brick walls and over throughout the works shall be built in English Bond in the
best-approved manner. All piers and intersections and angles of walls shall be
properly bonded together. All must be built in level courses; no four courses to rise
more than 300mm.
All perpends, reveals, quoins and other angles of the walls, etc. shall be built strictly
true and square.
Bonding ties shall be 6mm diameter mild steel rods, galvanised once kneed, not less
than 450mm long, hooked both ends, one cast into concrete columns and the other
built into the brickwork at every fourth course, where brickwork or blockwork abuts
concrete columns.
Start joint reinforcing 225mm above supporting floor slab or first course above
supporting floor slab. Stagger ends of joint reinforcing in jointing courses and lap
150mm. Provide joint reinforcing in 2 horizontal mortar joints 75mm and 150mm
above and below wall openings, extending beyond each side of opening. Terminate
joint reinforcing not more than 50mm from openings, expansion joints and control
joints. Longitudinal wires of joint reinforcing not to be less than 18mm or more than
25mm from each face, woth longitudinal wires fully embedded in mortar.
Where brickwork or blockwork abuts steel stanchions, the bonding ties shall be
welded for a length of 75mm, to the steelwork.
12.9 RAKE OUT JOINTS
Rake out joints of brickwork or cut grooves for turn-in of flashings, wedge with
hardwood wedges and point in cement mortar (1:3) where required.
12.10 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
Contractor to take into account of the following performance requirements.
12.11 AUTOCLAVED AERATED CONCRETE BLOCK
[Applicable to proposed Wall Type 2]
(i) Lightweight autoclaved aerated concrete block shall conform to the

requirements of the relevant British Standards (or equivalent local
Standards).
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(ii) Lightweight blocks shall be laid with cement and lime mortar of 1:6 mix with
approved plasticiser. Horizontal and vertical joints should be 10mm thick.
Lightweight concrete blocks or foam concrete should satisfy the following technical
specifications.
(i) Manufacturing Requirements
A characteristic compressive strength of 3.95N/Nm2 at 28 days.
A density (oven dry) of between 650 to 800kg/m3.
A drying shrinkage not exceeding 0.09% tested to SS 271.
A total water absorption not exceeding 23.5% tested to SS 271.
A minimum fire rating (100mm thick block) of 4 hour to ISO 834.
(ii) Dimension Tolerance
The blocks are manufactured to satisfy the following requirements:-

Height : ± 2mm
Width : ± 2mm
Thickness : ± 2mm
12.12 LAYING AND JOINTING CONCRETE BLOCKWORK
The blockwork shall be laid in stretcher bond. Lay first course on DPC with sand
cement bed so that the first course is level and plump. Lay subsequent courses on
thin bed adhesive, tapping the blocks with a rubber mellet to achieve level. Walls
shall be carried up in a uniform carefully levelled every second course and
reinforced with ‘Exmet’ every forth course, maximum at 1m high interval, and on one
portion raised more than 800mm above another at any time. Corners shall be well
bonded, plumbed and all perpendicular and quoins kept true and square.
Broken or cracked blocks shall not be used. Face of blocks shall not vary from the
general vertical face of wall by more than 3mm. The cement mortar joint thickness
shall be approximately 10 mm thk. Blocks should be bedded and jointed in cement
and sand mix of 1:4 with approved plasticiser. All fair face internal and external
concrete blocks walls shall be flushed pointed in 1:3 (Masonry Cement: Sand Mix or
Ordinary Portland Cement: Sand Mix with approved plasticiser) at least three days
after the blocks have been laid.
The work shall be executed course by course and every third course shall be
levelled.
Steam cure all concrete block, air dry for not less than 30 days before delivery. All
blocks shall be well wetted before being laid.
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All walls and corners shall be well bonded, plumb and true, and all perpends and
quoins shall be kept strictly true and square. No broken or cut blocks shall be used
in the work.
Except where specified to be fair faced, all faces of blockwork and walling shall be
left rough and the joints raked out to a depth of 13mm whilst the mortar is green to
form adequate key for plaster.
Carefully execute all straight and raking cutting where necessary.
12.13 BUILDING IN WOOD FRAMES
Openings for doors, windows and ventilators, etc shall be properly marked out and
left unbuilt until the wooden frames have been fixed in position. All timber frames
shall be built in as the work proceeds.
All door frames, window frames and vent frames, plates, etc. shall be bedded in
13mm thick cement mortar (1:6 incorporating plasticiser).
All door frames shall be carefully fixed and stayed in position and shall be anchored
into walls with 38 x 3mm galvanised m.s. holdfasts of 225mm girth, one end turned
up 75mm and twice countersunk drilled and screwed to frame and other end
swallow-tailed and built into joints of walling at approximately 600mm centres.
12.14 PUTLOG HOLES
All putlog holes shall be carefully, properly and completely filled up on completion of
walling work and before any plastering work commences.
12.15 DEFECTIVE BRICKS/BLOCKS
Cut out any defective bricks found in the work after completion and replace with
sound ones at the Contractor's expense.
12.16 CUT AND PIN ENDS, ETC
Cut and pin or build in ends of bars, railings and the like and make good in cement
mortar. Leave or form all holes, mortices, openings and the like in brick walls for
fittings, pipes and the like and make good in cement mortar (1:6 incorporating
plasticiser) to the satisfaction of the ARCHITECT
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12.17 LINTELS/STIFFENERS
To be provided by Contractor as required and subject to Engineers’ & Consultants’

approvals. Install steel lintels where required and as directed by Architect and
Engineer.
Provide masonry lintels where shown and where openings of more than 300mm for
brick size units and 600mm for block size units are shown without structural steel or
other supporting lintels.
Provide precast lintels made from concrete matching concrete masonry units in
color, texture, and compressive strength and with reinforcement bars indicated or
required supporting loads indicated.
Provide prefabricated or built-in-place masonry lintels. Use specially formed bond

beam units with reinforcement bars placed as indicated and filled with coarse grout.
Cure precast lintels before handling and installing. Temporarily support built-in-
place lintels until cured.
Provide either of above at Contractor's option or provide precast or formed-in-place

concrete lintels.
Provide minimum bearing of 200mm at each jamb, unless otherwise indicated.
12.18 GLASS BLOCK WALLS
Unless otherwise specified, Glass blocks to be 190mm x 190mm x 80mm thick

partially evacuated hollow ubnits with polyvinyl butaryl edge coating complying with
DIN 18175.
Joint reinforcing shall comprise 6mm diameter galvanised steel double wire mesh
formed of two parallel wires 50mm on centres with electrically welded cross wires at
regular intervals. Panel anchors shall be 38mm wide x 1mm thick x 600mm long
galvanised steel perforated strips.
Bed blocks on mortar mixed in the ration of 1:3 by volume. All mortar joints shall be
full and not furrowed. Steel tools shall not be used to tap glass blocks.
Unless otherwise indicated on the drawings, joint width shall generally be 10mm.
Lay Glass Blocks complete with sealant joints, expansion strips, panel anchors and
reinforcing wires and separate from any adjoining masonry by expansion and gliding
joints. Expansion and gliding joints to consist of compressible filler and sealant.
Provide metal reinforcement and flashing of the types recommended by the
manufacturer of the sill. Lay the glass block in strict compliance with manufacturer’s
recommendation.
Where glass block panels abut dissimilar elements such as walls, slab soffits, etc.,
install panel anchors at 600mm centres anchored to the adjoining element in a
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suitable manner and extending into the glass block mortar joints that contain the
reinforcing.
Place succeeding courses of blocks in a similar fashion, striking joints smooth while
the mortar is still plastic and before final set. Tool joints to be concave.
Surplus mortar shall be removed and faces of the blocks wiped dry at the time the
joints are tooled.
Final cleaning shall be carried out after the mortar has attained final set but before
becoming dry on the block surfaces. Clean with water and glass-cleaning detergent
specifically recommended for such purpose. Do not use abrasive cleaners, such as,
steel wool, wire brushes or acid.
12.19 CEMENT
All cement used in the works to be as specified in Engineer's Specification for Concrete
Works.
12.20 PLASTERING SAND
All sand used in the works to be as specified in Engineer's Specification for Concrete
Works but is to be fine sand of light colour and to be approved by the Architect.
The clay-plus-fine silt cement shall not exceed 5% by weight and 15% by volume as
specified in BS 1199.
12.21 HEIGHT OF WALL FINISH ABOVE SUSPENDED CEILINGS
Where there is a suspended false ceiling all wall finishes shall rise a minimum of 50mm
above the height of the suspended ceiling and be finished off in a neat straight line.
12.22 PREPARATION OF SURFACES
All concrete surfaces to be plastered shall be hacked to give hammer depressions

evenly spaced at 150mm both ways to provide key before plastering. The surface shall
be clean and well wetted before each plaster coat is applied.
All ordinary portland cement plaster or masonry cement plaster shall be kept continually
damp between application of coats and for seven days after application of final coat.
Concrete surfaces need not be hacked if they are coated with cement slurry applied by
approved mechanical applicator. This cement slurry coating shall not be taken as
replacing the base coat of plastering where this is required or specified.
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12.23 ARRISES AND ANGLES IN PLASTERING
All arrises, internal angles, external angles, etc shall be straight plumbed and slightly
rounded.
12.24 PLASTERING ACROSS CONCRETE COLUMNS/BEAMS/WALLS
When concrete occurs in a brick or block background, allow for differential movement as
follows: fix expanded metal lathing over to walls on each side; apply first coat to lathing
and cut through on both sides, before first coat has set, apply second coat. Use
Expamet Strip Mesh (ref. 779-100) 100mm wide tight coat galvanized steel.
12.25 PLASTERING ACROSS DIFFERENT BACKGROUNDS
Fix metal lathing across the junctions.
12.26 PLASTERING ACROSS OPEN CHASES, ETC
Bridge with expanded metal lathing securely fixed on both sides.
12.27 FIXING METAL BEADS
Securely fix with plaster dabs reinforced with galvanised nails plugged. Coat nails and
cut ends with bitumen.
12.28 PLASTERING - DESCRIPTION
12.28.1 MAKING GOOD
All making good is to be cut out to a rectangular shape, the edges undercut to form
dovetailed key and finished flush with face of surrounding plaster.
Cut out and make good all cracks, blisters and other defects and leave the whole of the
work perfect on completion.
12.28.2 PARTIALLY OR WHOLLY SET PLASTER
No partially or wholly set plaster or paving will be allowed to be used or re-mixed and
must be removed from the site.
12.28.3 PLASTER WORKS TO BRICKWORK AND CONCRETE WORK
Plastering may not be required to concrete soffits should the concrete surfaces be
smooth and even. However, should the concrete surfaces of concrete walls, columns,
beams and other concrete works be smooth and true to plane and shape a skim coat
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to even but minor defects is acceptable. The skim coat shall be pure masonry cement
slurry.
The Architect shall decide whether wall surfaces are sufficiently smooth and true to
plane. Refer also to Accuracy in Plastering.
12.28.4 DRIPS AND GROOVES
Drips and grooves should be formed to give a clean clear and straight surface free
from loose sandy mortar.
12.28.5 ACCURACY IN PLASTERING
The plane of any smooth untextured finished surface of plaster, which is at least 13mm
thick, is to be controlled to within 3mm. Measure between the face and any point along
a 1.8m straight edge placed against it.
For plastering to receive wall tiling, finish the surface accurately so that any gap under
a 2m straight edge laid on the surface is not greater than 3mm for tiling to be fixed with
adhesive, or 6mm for tiling to be fixed with sand cement.
Minimum thickness of plaster shall be maintained by forming thickness markers of
backing coat plaster during application at approximately 1m centres both ways.
Finishing coat shall be applied to at least the outer surface of these markers to ensure
minimum thickness.
12.28.6 MIXING OF MORTARS
All mortars for plastering are to be mechanically or hand mixed as directed by the
Architect, and the Contractor is to make allowance for the use of additional cement
necessitated by the method of mixing instructed. Only whole bags of cement are to be
used in any one batch of mix.
12.28.7 SAMPLES
The Contractor is to prepare, demolish and amend a sample three square metres of
such type of plastering as directed until the quality, texture and finish required is
obtained and approved by the Architect after which all plastering executed is to equal
the approved samples.
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ITEM DESCRIPTION
A COMPOSITION OF CEMENT AND SAND (1:3) PLAIN FACE PLASTER
Cement and sand (1:3) plaster shall be mixed on clean boards in a sheltered place in a
batch mixer and shall consist of one part of cement to three parts of sand and be applied
in two coats to a total thickness of 20mm as specified.
The first coat to be 10mm or 13mm thick rough plastering and shall be cross scored to
receive the second coat which shall be 3mm or 7mm thick finished with a steel trowelled
smooth finish internally and wood float finish externally.
External plastering shall be mixed with an approved plasticiser used strictly in
accordance with the manufacturer's printed instructions.
B COMPOSITION OF CEMENT AND SAND (1:4) PLAIN FACE PLASTER
Cement and sand (1:4) plain face plaster shall be mixed on clean boards in a sheltered
place in a batch mixer and shall consist of one part of cement to four parts of sand and
be applied in two coats to a total thickness of 20mm as specified.
The first coat to be 10mm or 13mm thick rough plastering and shall be cross scored to
receive the second coat which shall be 3mm or 7mm thick finished with a steel trowelled
smooth internally and wood float finish externally.
External plastering shall be mixed with an approved plasticiser used strictly in
accordance with the manufacturer's printed instructions.
PLAIN FACE PLASTER GENERALLY
Unless otherwise stated, all internal and external brick walls and concrete surfaces flush
with brick walls are to have 20mm thick cement and sand plain face plaster.
Unless otherwise stated, all internal exposed concrete soffits and sides and soffit of
beams are to have 15mm thick cement and sand plain face plaster.
Unless otherwise stated, all external exposed concrete soffits and sides and soffit of
beams are to have 20mm thick cement and sand plain face plaster.
Provide cement and sand plastering to areas as indicated on the Architect's drawings
and the Schedule of Finishes.
ITEM DESCRIPTION
A WALL TILING
The tiles are to be bedded in cement mortar (1:3) with mortar buttered on to the back of
the tiles to give a bed of 3mm, after which the tiles are to be pressed and tapped home
on and including cement and sand backing (1:3) mix overall 20mm thick taking care to
keep the joints as recommended by the tile manufacturer.
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The joints are to be pointed with approved neat white or coloured cement.
The tiles shall be thoroughly soaked in clean water before fixing.
Erect the wall tiles to areas as indicated in the Architect's Schedule of Finishes.
Overall thickness of the ceramic wall tiles and cement and sand backing shall be
minimum 20mm thick.
The wall tiling is to be neatly cut at all junctions with walls, etc. and to be neatly fitted
around all obstructions such as pipes, etc. and laid strictly in accordance with the
manufacturer's printed instructions.
Tiling works are to include for all internal and external angles.
Clean off all dirt, stains, etc. replace all damaged and defective tiles and leave tiling
perfect on completion.
B SHOP DRAWINGS
Submit shop drawings indicating the layout of special tile patterns for the approval of the
Architect.
C PRODUCT DATA
Submit manufacturer's printed instructions for mixing and installation of all materials
used in this section of the Specification.
D PRODUCT HANDLING
Deliver materials, other than bulk items, in manufacturer's unopened containers fully
identified with grade labels, brand name, type, class, size, colour, pattern, etc. Store all
materials in suitable conditions and protect from weather and damage from any source.
Store in accordance with manufacturers printed instructions.
E EXTRA STOCK
Deliver to the Owner, at the Project Site, ten (10) unopened boxes of each type of tile
installed and 2 litre can of each type of factory prepared dry set mortar, grout and
adhesive.
ITEM DESCRIPTION
A INSPECTION OF TILING WORKS
Conditions of surfaces to receive tile shall be firm, dry, clean and free of oil or waxy
films.
Grounds, anchors, plugs, hangers, bucks, electrical and mechanical work in or behind
tile shall be installed prior to proceeding with tile work.
Ensure that the substrates to receive tile are free of any defects detrimental to the work.
Do not proceed with the work until defects are corrected. Commencement of work
indicates acceptance of substrates.
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B PREPARATION OF SUBSTRATES FOR TILING WORKS
Prepare substrates as may be required to remove curing compounds or other

substances that would interfere with the proper bond or mortar or adhesive for tile. Rinse
with water if required. All arrises, internal angles, external angles, etc shall be clean and
slightly rounded with neatly formed mitres.
Seal substrate with sealer as recommended by the manufacturer of mortar or adhesive.
C GENERAL INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS
All toilet rooms have been designed and dimensioned for full tile size. Tile cutting will not
be permitted unless otherwise approved by the Architect.
Lay out tile work in pattern shown using field tile and trim shapes as shown or as
required. Centre tile fields in both directions in each space or on each wall and adjust to
wall dimensions.
Extend tile work into recesses and under or behind equipment and fixtures, to form a
complete covering without interruptions, except as otherwise shown. Terminate work
neatly at obstructions, edges and corners without disrupting pattern or joint alignments.
Accurately form intersections and returns. Perform cutting and drilling of tile without
marking visible surfaces. Carefully grind cut edges of tile abutting trim, finish or built-in
items for straight aligned joints. Fit tile closely to electrical outlets, piping, fixtures and
other penetrations so that plates, collars, or covers overlap tile.
Use uniform joint widths of 1.5mm for homogeneous/ ceramic/ porcelain tile (whichever
applicable) to wall (or as recommended by the tile manufacturer).
D WALL TILES INSTALLATION
Surface Preparation
Allow render to cure for at least 7 days prior to tiling. Do not apply rendering over
existing structural or movement joint. The render should consist of 3 or 4 parts (by
volume) suitable sand to one part cement mixed with clean drinkable water. The render
should be left with a wood float finish at approximately 10mm in thickness.
Surface to receive tiles must be clean and free from dust, oil, grease and all loose
contaminating materials. Ensure surfaces are dry before tiling with no residue or
permanent dampness. Do not wet the tiles before laying, if the back of tiles are very
dusty, remove dust with a damp sponge.
ITEM DESCRIPTION
A EXPANSION JOINTS FOR TILING WORKS
Provide horizontal and vertical joints at every 5 metre centres and at every internal
corner unless otherwise stated the width of expansion joints shall match the tile joints.
The joints must be kept free of adhesive and grout dropping during the progress of
works.
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Provide pointing with approved silicone sealant to all internal expansion joints and
approved polysulphide sealant to all external expansion joints, all in strict accordance
with the manufacturer's printed instructions.
B HOMOGENEOUS WALL TILING
The tiles of approved size, thickness, colour and pattern are to be bedded in cement
mortar (1:3) with approved mortar adhesive on to the back of the tiles on and including
cement and sand backing (1:3) mix taking care to keep the joints as thin as possible all
in accordance with the manufacturer's printed instructions.
Tile setting and grouting materials for wall tiling works shall be as described in 'PAVIOR'.
The homogeneous/ ceramic/ porcelain (whichever applicable) floor tiles are to be
supplied and installed by the Contractor to respective areas as shown in the Schedule of
Finishes.
The Contractor is required to furnish a Warranty and Indemnity for tile adhesive to the
Employer against any defects, failures, etc for a period of ten (10) years.
ITEM DESCRIPTION
A MARBLE OR GRANITE WALL SLAB/TILES
The marble or granite wall slab/tiles used in the works shall be as described under
"Pavior", where applicable.
The marble or granite slab/tiles are to be laid to patterns/designs and including jointing
with cement and sand (1:3) mix with approved tile adhesive in the appropriate mix
proportions and all necessary fixing accessories, wastage of materials in handling and
cutting, laying of tiles, supervision and profit and everything else necessary for the
completion of the respective items.
All marble/granite slab shall be from an approved source and shall be of best quality
sound stock, carefully selected, uniform in colour, pattern, markings, texture and finish,
free from defects impairing strength, durability or appearance such as cracks, seams,
mineral stains, quarry sap, holes, flaws, imperfections, or unusual accumulation of
discolouration in any area. Patching or filling is not permitted. All units shall be examined
to ensure uniformity and matching of colour, pattern, markings, texture, finish, etc. to
that of the approved unit. Delivered stone shall match the approved samples and any
stone not matching the approved samples may be rejected by the Architect. All
necessary arrangement must be made to match the texture, vein and colour of
marble/granite slabs before installation.
The wall tiling is to be neatly cut and mitred at all junctions with walls, etc. and to be
neatly fitted around all obstructions such as pipes, etc. and laid strictly in accordance
with the manufacturer's printed instructions.
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Before polishing of granite or marble, all blemishes and holes of the granite or marble
shall be filled with approved filler consisting of matching granite/marble chips and hand-
polished where applicable and as directed by the Architect.
All corners shall be mitred with matching finishes. All joints and gaps shall be sealed with
approved tinted cement grout with neat flush pointing.
The Contractor and the Manufacturer/Agent are required to furnish a Joint Warranty and
Indemnity for tile adhesive to the Employer against any defects, failures, etc. for a period
of ten (10) years.
Generally, granite skirting shall be 15mm x 100mm high x 600mm length, mitred at
corners.
Generally compressed marble skirting shall be 12mm x 100mm x 600mm long mitred at
corners.
Compressed marble skirting to curved walls shall be 12mm x 100mm high in equal
segments of wedges to suit the curvature of the wall. Segments shall be max. 150mm
long.
All skirtings shall be bull nosed as shown.
12.29 MOCK-UPS
A 1m x 3m panel of each of the masonry types shall be set up at a location agreed with
the CM.
A wall including window/louvre set into each of the masonry wall types. The
window/louvre is to include the lintel, DPCs, weepholes, sill and sealant. The sample can
form part of the final construction.
Masonry works shall not proceed until SO/CM has approved the mock-ups.

SS012 Bricklayer, Blockwork & Plaster - Rev - 0

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JKT02 SS12/1

12.0 BRICKLAYER & BLOCKWORK

Singapore Standards (or equivalent Standards)

SS 18 Hard drawn mild steel reinforcement

SS 31 Aggregates from natural sources for concrete

SS 103 Bricks, burnt clay and shale bricks

SS 271 Precast concrete blocks

BS EN 499 Welding consumables – covered electrodes for manual metal arc

BS EN 1461 Hot Dip Galvanised Steel

BS EN 10088-1 Stainless steel – List of stainless steel

BS EN 12878 Pigments for the colouring of building materials based on cement

BS EN 13055 Lightweight aggregates for masonry aggregates and structural

BS EN 13139 Aggregates for mortar

BS EN 13369 Common rules for precast concrete products

BS 1200 Specification for building sands from natural resources

BS 1243 Specification for metal ties for cavity wall construction

BS 3921 Specification for clay bricks

BS 4551 Testing for Mortar Strength

BS 4887 Mortar Admixtures: Specification fro air entraining (plasticizing)

BS 5224 Specification for masonry cement

BS 5234 Partitions (including matched linings). Code of Practice for

BS 6398 Specification for bitumen damp-proof courses to masonry

BS 8000 Code of Practice for masonry Part 3

DIN18175 – EN 1051 Glass Blocks

Cement is to be as described in the engineering specification, General Concrete

The materials are to be accurately measured in purpose made measuring boxes on

Mortar to have a minimum compressive strength of 3.6N/mm2 at 28 days when

12.6 SETTING OUT

constructed straight shall be demolished and reconstructed at the Contractor's own

12.7 LAYING AND JOINTING BRICKWORK

Contractors provide RC stiffeners to structural engineer’s detail where required.

12.8 BONDING BRICKWORK

12.9 RAKE OUT JOINTS

12.10 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

Contractor to take into account of the following performance requirements.

12.11 AUTOCLAVED AERATED CONCRETE BLOCK

[Applicable to proposed Wall Type 2]

(i) Lightweight autoclaved aerated concrete block shall conform to the

(i) Manufacturing Requirements

A characteristic compressive strength of 3.95N/Nm2 at 28 days.

A density (oven dry) of between 650 to 800kg/m3.

A drying shrinkage not exceeding 0.09% tested to SS 271.

A total water absorption not exceeding 23.5% tested to SS 271.

A minimum fire rating (100mm thick block) of 4 hour to ISO 834.

(ii) Dimension Tolerance

The blocks are manufactured to satisfy the following requirements:-

12.12 LAYING AND JOINTING CONCRETE BLOCKWORK

Carefully execute all straight and raking cutting where necessary.

12.13 BUILDING IN WOOD FRAMES

12.14 PUTLOG HOLES

12.15 DEFECTIVE BRICKS/BLOCKS

12.16 CUT AND PIN ENDS, ETC

To be provided by Contractor as required and subject to Engineers’ & Consultants’

Provide prefabricated or built-in-place masonry lintels. Use specially formed bond

Provide either of above at Contractor's option or provide precast or formed-in-place

Provide minimum bearing of 200mm at each jamb, unless otherwise indicated.

12.18 GLASS BLOCK WALLS

Unless otherwise specified, Glass blocks to be 190mm x 190mm x 80mm thick

12.20 PLASTERING SAND

12.21 HEIGHT OF WALL FINISH ABOVE SUSPENDED CEILINGS

12.22 PREPARATION OF SURFACES

All concrete surfaces to be plastered shall be hacked to give hammer depressions

12.23 ARRISES AND ANGLES IN PLASTERING