P.

44 summary
Tissues or organs to be used in medical procedures must be bathed in a solution
with the same osmolarity as the cytoplasm to prevent osmosis.
In a solution with higher osmolarity (higher concentration) the water leaves out of
the cell which causes indentations. (Hypertonic)
In a solution with lower osmolarity (lower concentration) the water goes into to the
cell and it swells up. They may eventually burst. (Hypotonic)
Hypertonic and Hypotonic both damage human cells.
But Isotonic (balanced concentration / osmolarity)  solution such as Sodium
Chloride is used in many medical procedures:
safely introduced to a patient's blood system via an intravenous drip
used to rinse wounds and skin abrasions
used to keep areas of damaged skin moistened prior to skin grafts
used as the basis for eye drops
frozen to the consistency of slush for packing hearts, kidneys's, and other
donor organs that have to be transported to the hospital where the
transplant operation is to be done.