PPHY-102

Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning

(Deemed to be University)
Vidyagiri, Prasanthi Nilayam
Master of Science in Physics
First Semester Examinations, December 2020
Classical Electrodynamics
Duration : 3 Hours 22/12/2020 Max. Marks : 100
Note: 1. Answer Sections A & B in the answer book provided.
2. Comply with the instructions given in the Main Answer Book carefully.

SECTIO N – A
(6x10=60 Marks)
I. Answer ANY SIX of the following questions. Each question carries TEN Marks.

1. State and prove the Poynting’s theorem in electrodynamics.

2. Use Maxwell’s equations to derive that the net electromagnetic force on charges in a given volume is
→ → ∂ → →
𝐹 = ∮ 𝑇⃡ • 𝑑𝑎 − µ0ε0 ∂𝑡
∫ 𝑆𝑑τ , where T is the Maxwell’s Stress tensor, and 𝑆 is the Poynting vector.

3. Using suitable assumptions obtain the equation for plane EM wave propagation in a conductor, from
Maxwell’s equations. Derive the expression for the real and imaginary parts of the propagation constant
using this equation.

4. a) A hollow metallic rectangular waveguide has sides 1cm and 2cm. Calculate the cut-off frequency and
propagation constant for the fundamental mode at a wavelength of λ = 5 𝑚𝑚.

b) A charge of 5µC is located at the point (2, 0, 1). Calculate all the components of its quadrupole
moment.
(5+5=10 Marks)
5. a) In the figure the two sheets at z=0 and z=a are at ground potential and infinitely extended in the ±X
and +Y direction. At y=0 the side wall has potential V(y=0) = V1(z). Assuming the region between
the sheets to be charge free, derive an expression for the potential at all points between the sheets.

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b) Draw a charge configuration with three point charges whose net dipole moment is independent of
choice of origin.
(8+2=10 Marks)

6. A plane wave, p-polarized green laser light with electric field amplitude 30 V/m is incident from air onto a
nonmagnetic linear dielectric at an incident angle of 450. The refracted angle is 300. Determine the
following if ε0 =8.85x10-12Nm/C2

a) Refractive index of the dielectric.

b) Intensity of incident and reflected light.
c) If the normal to the interface (into the dielectric) is the + Z axis, and the XZ plane is the plane of
incidence, then write the equation for the boundary conditions of the electric field components which
exist for the light in this problem.
(2+6+2=10 Marks)

7. The equation for the transverse component of the magnetic field in a waveguide is related to the
longitudinal components as given below
𝐵𝑡 =
𝑖
2
γ
(𝑘∇ 𝐵 𝑡 𝑧
^
) 2 2 2
+ μεω𝑧 × ∇𝑡𝐸𝑧 , where γ = ω με − 𝑘 , 𝑘 is the propagation constant and z is the axis
of the waveguide.

a) Use this equation to derive the Eigen-value equation for the TE modes.
b) Use separation of variables to derive the form of the solution for the mode profile ψ(𝑥, 𝑦) for a
rectangular hollow metallic waveguide with sides of length a and b.
(3+7=10 Marks)

SECTION – B
(2x20=40 Marks)

II. Answer ANY TWO of the following questions. Each question carries TWENTY Marks.

8. a) In the electron oscillator model equation as given below, identify the terms, and use it to obtain an
expression for the refractive index of a dielectric as a function of frequency. Plot the result.
2
𝑑 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2
𝑚 2 + 𝑚γ 𝑑𝑡
+ 𝑚ω0𝑥 = 𝑞𝐸0𝑐𝑜𝑠⁡(ω𝑡)
𝑑𝑡

b) What are gauge transformations in electrodynamics? Give the conditions for the Coulomb and
Lorentz Gauge.
→ ^
c) Consider V=0, and 𝐴 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛⁡(𝑘𝑥 − ω𝑡) 𝑦. Which gauge do this pair of scalar and vector potentials
belong to?
d) What are the electric field and magnetic fields corresponding to the potentials in part c?
(10+3+4+3=20 Marks)

9. Using suitable well defined approximations derive the expressions for the radiation potentials of an
oscillating electric dipole at far off points.

10. a) A surface charge density σ = σ0𝑐𝑜𝑠⁡(θ) is glued over the surface of a sphere of radius R. Determine
the potential outside the sphere at all points using the solution to the Laplacian.

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b) Write the formula for the Lienard–Wiechert potentials for a moving point charge. A particle with
charge q moves in a circle of radius a in the XY plane, with constant angular velocity ω, such that at
time t =0 it is at (x,y) = (a,0). Determine the Lienard-Wiechert potentials for the charge.
(12+8=20 Marks)
$$$$$

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