Korean Grammar Min Jin-young, Ahn Jean-myung * Many grammar points and expressions appearing on the TOPIK Intermediate Levels 3 and 4! * Detailed explanations of grammar points and practice exercises for easy self-study of Korean! * Comparisons of grammar points with similar meanings and forms to. highlight their differences! * Grammar patterns and practice exercises specifically designed for preparation for the TOPIK Intermediate Level ENDARAKWONAbi Gini! Min Jin-young Ph.D. in Korean Studies, Yonse! University MLA. in Teaching Korean Language as a Foreign Language, Yonsei University + Present GMBA Instructor Yonsei University School of Business + Former Korean Languags lecturer, Kyunghies University, ‘Andong National Lin versity, National University of Arts, and Kimpe College + Former Coordinator, Kerean Language Institute, Konkuk. University Books * Coauthor of KBS Eveqiday Living Korean - Intermediate (2015), Hyungseul Edutainment Media & Joy * Coauthor of 2 80! (Customized Korean) for French ‘Speaking Chiidren 2 (2012), Ministry of Education, Science end Technology + Coauthor of Konkuk Koreart 2-4, 2-2 (2011), Koniatk University Press + Talk Tal Korean for Beginners (2011), Pagiiong Press + Goauthor ot Korean 5 (2009), Konkauk University Press + Coauthor ot 2000 Essential Korean Words for Beginners (2006), Darakwon * Coauthor of Business Korean Intermediate (2007), The Yulchon Foundation + Coauthor af Korean 2 (2005), Koniauk University Press Ahn Jean-myung M.A. in Teaching Korean Language as a Foreign Language, Yonsei University + Present Korean Teacher Yongsan Intemational Scrool of Seoul + Former Instructor, Continuing Education Genter, Seoul ‘Theological University + Former Instructor, Dep, Korean Language & Literature, Donaduk Women's University + Former Instructor, Language Center, Ewha Womans University + Former Instructor, Korean Language Institute, Chung- Ang Univesity Books + Coauthor of Korean Grammr in Use_ Advanced (20113), Datakeion “Coauthor of Language Institute of Chung Arg University Textbook Korean 1, 2 2012), Chung-Ang Uriversity * Coauthor of 3/5 2530! Custominad Korean) for Fiench Steaking Chikiren 4 (2012), Ministry of Education, ‘Science and Technology = Coauthor of Korean Grammar in Use. Heginning (2010) Darakwon Cover design Yoon J-youngKorean Grammar Ge Llse rnawedine Watton by ——-Minlin-yourg, Ahn Jean-myung Translated by Chad Waker First Published September, 2011 ith Printing March, 2078 Publishor ‘Chung Kyudo Editors Lee Sukehae, Oh Jeongerin, Seo Jichyun Cover Design Yoon Ji-young Interior Design Ham Dong-chun Proofroad by Mictiaal Pulack lustrated by Shir Eur-kyun Voice Actors Kim Ki-haung, Jeong Mati DARAKWON Darakwon Biog., 211 Munbel-r, Pals si, Gyeongei-do, 19881 Republic of Koroa el 02-726-2081 Fax: 02792-2037 (Marketng Dept. ext: 260-252 Edtorial Dept. ext: 420-426) Copyright © 2011, Min Jin-young, Ahn Jean-myung Allrighis tesarved. No part ofthis publication may be reproduces, stored in 2 retrieval system, artransmitted in any form or by ary means, electronic, ‘mechanical, photecopying or otherwise, wiihaut the prar conser of the Copyright owner. Refund! after purchase is possible only accordirg to the company requlations. Contact the above te phone number for any inquire. Consumer damages caused by loss, damace, alc. can be corrpensated! erorcing 70 the concer dlepute reeolutien standards announced fy the Korea Fair Trade Commission, An incorrectly coated tok will bo exchanged. Price = 28,000 won (with WPS CD) ISBN: 978-89-977-2078-1 18710 978-89-277-2075-0 (set) httpe/enmw.darakwon.co..er http://koreanbooks.darakwon.co.kr Vie the Demicn homepage ta ears about ct cher pubestions and prometons and ‘edownloa! the coatar of tha CD MPS TOmat,Korean Grammar Ge Vse Intermediate VRE atta Gime ae i)cod alee Set Bato] BS SE eke aol etstalaet at HALO GE Mo|aeeeh, -7 } aye] Raia $7} Wop} Asha] a Cato Het Ho] oka. Mop wsto] Lf wjabglo} zlabs}arx 8 | ait ose) tholss shasiaes oe Asie] @7istat Leh, la set aa elae) i este} way} dae 4 s A te] ahge| soba. oTel7} ebapole] Bat 3 AWA ia THs o]ofy]F wlo] gue], Lap azo}of oat aA}o} abl AA heel uid ash aR = one Wel ash, Hishe| ko} Sgr wAA ages 4OKE B7] Wak spale|u} o}y] tsk eb, Wyos. SAMO, By BAH Yo) As seh Yo} wl se ata Bat one. me Fy arc, we opel LANE AEE ARES eps] 27] BTU. TANT OY TOPIK 4-82] @: ©] 42 IHL ebaata ohapsta fol] S]G0]5 7A WAKE ols) 4 att. BOR ASS 7 Alat HO BGO] WARE BASH Ol] 214Le che Tee] EPO sy Al Bato] she Mele Bae, ee] }x) ofe-e é AVS 74 41 Bol AALS RICH, EAE o] Alo] Mela ey EWES BEET oe] 7) ue, AA VSAlong with the recent boom in Korean language education, a wide variety of language-related books have been published, Most such books, however, focus only on introductory-level Korean because most learners of Korean typically give up on further language study once they have a good understanding of the basics. However, with the recent increased interest in Korca, the number of students who wish to continue their undergraduate or graduate studies in Korea is on the rise, As a result, more and more Korean language learners are looking for ways to bring their proficiency to a level beyond just an introductory understanding. Thus, there is now an even greater need for intermediate and advanced Korean language materials, Students of Korean often say that compared to introductory level grammar, intermediate Korean grammar is more difficult because the patterns become more complex and also have a wider range of possible meanings. They also note that new grammar patterns can easily be confused with some of the older patterns they learned previously. As the second volume in the Korean Grammar in Use series, this book is intended to serve as a reference text for students who have studied intermediete-level Korean at universities or language institutes in Korea or who have previously studied Korean and want to clarify what they have learned, ‘The grammar and examples of usage were designed with the proficiency level of intermediate Korean learners in mind, and we have included English translations as a means of providing additional dlarification of meaning, Moreover, to further help bot Korean learners and teachers, we have made an effort to include grammar points that have not only been overlooked by previous textbooks but have also been shown to be difficult to grasp and are often misused by learners. In addition, to corapensate for one of the biggest shortcomings of traditional language textbooks, namely the fact that only the meaning of grammar points and not the actual situations in which they are used are discussed, we have supplemented the grammar explanations with dialogue-making activities based on substitution drills Finally, in an effort to help students prepare for the Test of Proficiency in Korean (TOPIK), grammar patterns that students need to know for the TOPIX have been included. ‘We hope that all students of Korean will be able to use this book to more easily understand Korean grammar and to achieve an even greater level of Korean proficiency, Furthermore, we hope that those currently teaching Korean can benefit from its contents. Finally, we would like to express our deepest thanks to all of the editors in the Korean Fditorial Department at Darakwon, Inc., who always make every effort to publish the best Korean language materials currently on the market. In particular, we thank them for their meticulous work despite all the hardships they encountered. In addition, we would like to thank Mr. Chad Walkes, who undertook the translation of the text, Ms. Seon Eunhee, who always happily looked over the manuscript and offered their snggestions, and also all of our friends, our students, who helped us out along the wey. ‘The Authors| Slee SH SHE sigail ao | BPfQAsei(Ercinstorming}® SGA | | 2B P¥lol cis! olaixo1 seis ot | How to Use This Book SE ey a4) | PSUnidOLA wHSO} S) S37 SHS AAlSuch sy 1 Seal del Wel tes aay Cygtse MAIS QSLICh CHB ak ‘Wel B8ol re eee Aes | ANITA 0) BSS IS | ahd AMALIE EMS UrseMa? adie SUB BAe) Anse Be ‘2 USE BF HSS AAs Ut Olt A> BBAL Vis SAL NE | ‘SAS Lech, : 4 gore? “RHS SORT OL ABet SeOl In] 2) Oi SH PAS CE Sols SENAP! AIO, AK Al Bolahok & BS A/S ASU IC}2 BLL BIL? \ HE ea) SIAIL OI0|7) HIRE et © bLaSHA AIAISIO} *HaxHSO) sist SHS HG a otal + wes ait eu ope THOS US BL? Se Bi00] An) SHOE O17 | ABsiEal St + 2b ShaxtSol sta HEHS PISS SAS! + gut at SSC, Se Sue oH yee OL SRM HALA, TH HS 2S Ole FEO Ze! Yel ore) AEE | F SUE SHS diMlsiol Mae + | Mes oes. 1» Ad eenaaar Meteor ere ore Feecoenote 2 ahebenl ee aga by te wert as a, get gma? Hg SH SES Aes Otol Sem ala} a BOUL CRIS RIM Bat + Em aah | emawmmmememmd BH OA BAS) SA AMALIE 2} SxIS! 4) #2 (evel aida Aes (eat 201 BB a 30] AEE} UES SIRHSLICH, a ——— 2 sea en vauneeezene a aa sevemereemtsase (1 saveeatomar sean ee nea oem oz vaaae spon Sanne Belt BML? 2 AlChapleolM MEE Slal7} WIRE BOL chet SEALE Bol Wola & BiChaper) alg Sol SPNOIISLICE, BIBOLSUARITOPK) 2A] BAS #2 MUAISHOH AIBlOH CHIE + QE SISAL,How to Use This Book Target Grammar Presentation | We first present the target grammar to be learned in each unit. © Introduction i Betore learning the targst grammar, we provice learners with drawings \ and short dialogues as 2 way to | “oa “ 5 start the process of brainstorming” hs about the current unit. The dia | wus loguss illustrate the most common 2. ow Fc iets © situations in which the target 7 ‘grammar is used, and the drawings a eo: ‘also provide a clear visual repre \ sentation of the situations. seen Base aa A see naesoee une op sont aentemaes¥ne oo cathe a utok Sah ean 29 oS Let's Investigate the ge Bienes eoecirnamnatn peas Grammar nH Seem We explain the target grammar in'a Se Se cece meaningful way and then provide | Taommcdtes ery $2 ect ateranderarbepiariaanerinres examples and tables to illustrate” ae how its usedn relation to parts of. = owe | spesen and ténse, ete. Note that “A” we * : | refers to adjectives, *V" refers to a vers, and "N" refers to nouns. = Shoe ase fo mast ene Ue Mae oe Bo HNN a ID Reser aes eatanea somata Cs ait pew oh sterol ee annem <2 Let's Learn a Bit More : acuavnewngar * We look at some adklitional aspects of the | Sh kcprnenn grammar points introduced in the *Let’s | a aan essn oe sur Investigate the Grammar” section, such as | | any morphological restrictions or things to | esp in mind when using the patterns,“os ote ne wa EP Rat ene cores fz aed + gendigetse sets aoe qeanage yMAH OME tego ET He 2 otsiaerenys anae oy stam yer ely ete Let's Practice This section allows the learner to practice using the newly [sarnad target grammar. To illustrate the varity of situations in which the grammer can be used, a number of formats are used, including dialogue completion and exercises in conjugation to match specific situations. Each exorcise has | a clear example showing how to complete the ) exercise, wo gous eestaent xe sous (1 spurs ae mae ee rier apeme eapgasna agen min, Gapiss bum | SABRE Hae ue tage ss meses | pecraress wae vieeaeas ceva oe ania eae rage ae Let's Compare We compare the target grammar with other grammatical patterns | that have similar forms or meanings: 80 that learners can gain a vetter understanding of the target grammar. | Let's Make a Dialogue This activity allows learnersto practice the target grammar by creating @ dialogue which illustrates the way the grammar point is actually used! in Korean conversation. First, a model dialogue is provided, with the carts illustrating | the target grammar highlighted in different” colors. Then, below the model dialogue a box with possible substitutions is provided, with | tach set of possible substitutions colored to match the highlighted part of the dialogue to whieh it comesponds Sa SA on wea nena nei annenttce anal? Sentient ‘pioe na sod vate cutie ree HANNA eaensae Let’s Double-Check This section is included at the end of each chapter with the aim of reviewing the easily contused grammar points learned throughout the chaptet. The review questions are in a format used on the TOPIK to help learners bettar prepare for the test.Preface How to Use This Book Sst PES UES Expressing Conjecture and Supposition G1 —oY/o} Molct 92 4eiL/e S2holc} 03 {e)= ddl 04 (2)e aL 95 (Sjeue 06 {S)L/E(Q)2 BSRcKa o7 -[ojaxie sect GES Hepa Wl Expressing Contrast Of 7h Sit, ~7h xa 02 4e)L/s wetol 08 (S)- feels ASA} WED ‘Narrative and Informal Forms Of ASA) 92 Etetyl ole eh ‘Expressing Reasons nt Ee 02 —gole. 03 —Loka = Heel 05 42)-/& 50 06 1 BHA a7 {ejem 4 Ww a4 25 29 37 46 49 64 58 70 73 7 RES oS Abt] oll SS Bet Citing the Speech or Writing of Others Ot -ca? CH SHG) 03 -rje@? 04 -CHS? Ath YES Yepe Expressing Resolution and Intent Of 4O)=7F Sct 02-2} 03 ~2)24H1 Holcy 04 42)2 AADe a 95 -o/ojo}z12. abt 2g eae Giving Recommendations and Advice ot 4e)= etsict ade GER Expressing Recollection ot -6I 02 —Hles. 98 -Hale WSs Veh Wl Passive Expressions Ot Elf ms CoV/sval/7) 02 -OL/OFAICE 03-21 sich SS GeHA wh Cansative Expressions OT Col AS Col/al/el/7i/9/) 02 A] dict 94 98 103 107 114 7 120 124 170 4115BAS UEPA “Expressing Conditions Of —O1/O10F 182 02 -HE 185 a7he Yebd Wh Expressing Additional Information Of 4{o}e wet ofLlet 192 02 {2)L/e dict 195 03 At 200 04 otal 203 ESS Ue “Expressing Mid-Action Ol = Zoi 208, 02 -Cpt an 45S eRe Gi ‘Expressing Degree 01 4o)e Bre 218 02 etait P18 93 He) /eh2)= ote 221 @ ASS eH Wi Expressing Choice 01 OFPHONLE/ OS 208 02 (ODL+ 229 93 (opel 232 04 —Ex|-E2) 238 05 “Sj /= acl 289 Azo} 22h] BSS UEPL ah Expressing, Time and Sequential Behavior Gt Stal 244 62 -0}/o} 7}xI 247 93 —ovoic}7t 250, 04 DAL 263 é urs} 2a UEP Expressing Discoveries and Results of aay 258 02 ch SIL 261 03 —U} set 265 04 CI. 268 05 -9y cH 273 06 [71 278 07 49) /= Molct 283 aE WEY Expressing Situational States of Being OF -01/01 ssc 208 02 ~of/01 Sct 281 03 42). ae 204 04 42) f= He 298 AAS dS VERS Expressing Attributes and Characteristics 01 492)- f= Holt 304 02 ABct 308 03 Ect ait a3 YePS Gl Expressing Emphasis O1 MORPS)/S2) SEct 316 02 +22 +4tol Sic 920 03 42)= solc} B22 04 (olor 825 S72 ued q Expressing Aims and Intentions ot a 830 02 -ER 333& hee Weta Expressing Completion ot Bye: 02 -2yetes 93 -O1/C} HIBICE 04 —2 Ue . EDS US Wl Expressing Futility ot 4S) oly .. 02 —O1/0} SXF 7B ARS UEP Expressing Hypothetical Situations oF Ae) 02 ~2yeciate 03 ~(2}e Hic} FAS de Expressing Regret Ot ABew ACh G2 —2Y ZOHO Be) was} AES Yep ‘Expressing Habits and Attitudes ot ater 2 JE 08 42). A Saleh = Appendix + Answer Key + Heh BS nn SD + Grammar Index 396 360 366 370 373 378 a2 aie 431a ae ea) Expressing Conjecture and Supposition Fi tee oem US ae fete ae ge em | gree Seabuleuteal PU ers ei Cod fa Kee Ch scan ede a Cod Meese Elec teis ata eet rma Ue Ue aeze rete a ree Ee) em belo a Peay eae hey ee aged) abel ej 2ced Ble ie = Alea pei eestor tacecarere ects Tn Rees eee ee ec wee eae Peer enon siucee tur geese Ceo) JESS )Eae Cs eS se 3a es CES cle] ai saiace ae ee: (ye hye eect-0}/0] Bo]t} 2 VELA, Aso} ssa Mola, He ola? ‘Mark, you look tired, Die! something happen? 4 ol saben A8 e So, Isparta wep yma toa) wes ts any tomoncrnors A Obi 4, AP le] ORS: HBL] ofa? tia, | changed my hairstyle. How does ok? ue ofe] SOAR URL} Bel of] Mop, es bc rg i yt ara pa, 0| HES BOR F oh OF Ae] BHOM} Sel SS HOI lol Aho okay LAAIL} SASS AS BBE dl ABEL. This expressiogt is usad to Indicate one's cenjecture or feelings based on the outward appearance of a person, thing, of event. ~ol/o} woIet x 7 274 —Oi/o| Bech a an ae f A aint -0¥/04 otc} oi et pel a atch fol S28 Zolc} SUSE OIE | ch ol S21 2olct Soh 41, BUPA] 9].0.8U,.8. Grandpa, you're wearing blue jeans, ob a 2217 E] Bo} HO]A') Dont | iook younger now that I'm wweering blue jaans? al a S12 Bol og ae Lp O}A] US 24 ]o}) ©] 539444] BqZEOT-2, 1m used to spicy food by now, so ['l be fine. el] 812)29.01:2.2 This food wooks realy spioy. 5 that okey? 14 Korean Grammar iz ¢ése + intermediateFEAL ASHE] BS UW BO].2? Dic something happen to Yeongiin? Ub SHS? Why? 7 SA oH] B=] yO] fal) Bglo}.A. | saw him in front ef the library, and he looked really sad. BSSAsae MAIC. Teta SAi7} Sol Set Sel SO] ALC. 1 ol This expression is only used wun adjectives, so combining It with verds results in grammatically incorrect sertences, sob |eh 7} ee ope} 74 TED oHoiCH 7 SAA —Ol/o} HOCH E AA SILC ISICtis a verb end thus cannot be combined with i/o} olch. a 2 AL SOICYS AKBS|7|&= BILICh, A) SOIC is an alternate form of this expression having the same meaning, +5 Re AOU RPM Mo, 44) AE BMA el 1 4 ula Aol aah Bete A 28 BesIc 2a SSC i 740] 21 Bc 2 4 7HYo| 7 Moker S ub Ba) ACh Sz BOL, igo] EI / Ol eich ISLE BCE Abode 71Ict / Zokatc DIL HAS ERS a BAC 2lo| Bich / a et Saleh 2s] OLA SOR Go}s sich Lagan weet 16CHS TES Sut —0}/0] SOICPS AMSaHAL CHSTS 2tAtStM 2 (3) (4) 6) aA u 7t Jt 4 7 ub 7 Lt 7 Korean Grammar ia Wee Imereti Of PSO] OAL? ayo] Wezra ELE] cr] ARs Bole, ABUSE AS. fo} A) Bo] Oe) eh eA? opyo12, Sol 89} He A214 HI Aol each oft Ro] oy Yop? mba QAR LOU AREY QZ G1 OND, ob le 414] 2hSAP7t et Sug, ob} AS Ee] oS Yh U], ele} ek Aas 2 aha. Say 7 0} He elo] hp ss, 4) BoE WHA,~(©) fe Bole} a ely Ay} 92s ahve} et Shh, Wei Ming didn’t come to school today. ue O14] Bo] Of SCH Bs lo] oN fo}. Yesterday she said sho didn't fee! well. It looks ike she's really sick, > 27) ob 12h 7b HALA! There goes Akira! 2 A U7 ALO] 7 BaPolo| a. Judging from the hiking clothes he's wearing, it looks like he's heading to the mountains. oy RES ‘SYS WWI BSS Soe Ye O| HOME Sel - BUS ol 30 tip BR} Saf Wf ASSILICL ol AS sD & Shs HB! HO) fe A SLM} Meaning “shape” or “appearance’ ‘expression is thus used when attempting cirectly seeing it or hearing about it to the sentence and expresses the basis for makina ‘comes earlier in A2)L/= Setoley 3A 28/4 A eal 2). + Sgfolct lel H2)z LazaagguENy a 177iCt 2 api 42) aich 2 THE} JHE 9 i z ea ict oe ie (eye at a + SQJo|C} = cp ae aol oa WoC SIE re a ojgtet sygolct sreboisiet NOICt “a a SYYOILt ower : BHMOICL Sel I} 2B 27} Sh EFUB? | heard that Soyeong quit warking for the company. uf Hl, S)4} elo] gat a Yeah, apparently the job was really difficult for her. A AL 7 OF4) Gb elo] ybo].R? Hes Jena not woken up yet? 4 Yo] Qe} DVD Sls 1 LITE HSA ASHE MeFOTOHS, Seeing that thee are some OVO i her room, reckon she watzhee! moves unt ate argh at 9) lz] BeOhoH| ¥] Ske] of La? Deo you know what Juyeang is doing during vacation? UY BISESE omit @ SU aro Z waohoha, Judiging from “he fact that she reserved a plane ticket, I'm guessing that she’s going to her hometown. 1 0) RAS B49] 27/7) Fie AAS SIL} SAL ot IS BOR sll ASSL] CRC), BSS Ataf] 218 Best Poll CHATS ARSSER| AUCH [Because this expression is used to exoress the speaker’ inference or guess based upon having seen or heard about the situation being discussed, it cannot be used to describe something the speaker did himself/ herself. Al 7921 AoA] Plo} Bese] Belo] MBS Bratolelw, Ox) AB ARL AeA) Plo] BR #0] WabY. 3 Geha. (0) 18 Korean Grammar oe és -iniermatiate2 F459] B77} ABs] VS el, S eletetal Tela) wztsiLt Fes! eae aE SBE euch “This expression cannet be Lec when tae basi forthe inference is not en objective fact, “hat, when the speaker is simply describing something he or she only thinks, or subjectively believes, to be the case. +h AML 771 SF hE lane fojol st. (x) UL aztel 47] Slob tks oH: Sa Het at geha. (0) 1 SVIB Lo} RAI! SHO|OS 0) /E SYOcPS AeA! Ya HHO SBN SHS UsHiS “ele 8 ache ABE Here, because the speaker is expressing a subjective feeling, (©): /= 9}0|Ct cannot be used Instead, (©) 2 ZU} can be used to express such subjective notions. qa hs AHO] Bula, 2 = Ata feciities A BL] A)AO] FS BBVA yest malate ager GE gros ae pros 14 a u ATO] WE 0] SAB Bol Aretol Bch Ateiol Sct AQ APE SSeS Sito Ass ota Sct OLAS HICt al MPt Bll ARE LILY ADH Sch 250) QICt 2 a Be Ah [cel] at Bz] By ub Che] A) Bb a] Be. i a JICHAIA| Ok GIA) BOarT Sic CS Fol CHLYAED alc ake BW at 72k sich 1. ea anh HYhee gaat 1 HO)L/E BOCES ASAI Che iste ere, () 7 ob eb als gabe at Ble, NS Sohsheh uy WHE HR DLE ML THES Botste BKO 2 AP Akzo] Fe] Qe, GA u @ 7b Hse Hee] Be] 71e] BHA, Geo] zp) 4 — = - 7k =H AHO) EUS, (SEV ASD © 7 He A2] SS EA] tt Sula, (OME Sale Kaley) 2 CS TSS Sp [S71 ARES OS Hor YO) /E SOS ABSA MAS, > eich Beste Batch zglo|ch mor} RF 2\s}Ao4] B47} ASO] FS] PC(tablet PC): We] 7/4/51 thy BR, 2B IA HF @ 0) ee and AOE 6) Au, 247F Bo] fee anu Sealeise MAN Oe A UPR. “LANA Heo] whedee wh # O] ALHACE ola, 20 Korean Grammar i Ye inwrastiateO| BAS FAO OAS LEME “4)e E/O|CHO!| SBO\Lt UO] HAS VEN Sec Zetsial Agate! (eh fecle| 43 Se é OWE AROILY abBtol] Hiet Z 0] Sch, Meso HALE HH} S| This expression is a combination of do something, end =) 10 follow in the sentence. As such, it's use first clause of the sentence, a strong inten in the second clause (following -(2)e gti), a st ay ean ay BAK soul, which ex; 7t uy 7t u 42)e Btn SS Hel ole Big}o] wo] hha 1 really windy. upto] 22a $8 ee} SES} 9g KE al So] 9. It it’s windy, t should be cold, so i's good to wear warm clothes when going out. Akg A7} 2 SAT] Saa? Did Wai Ming say she would come to the alumni meeting today? BA] 2, By AALS Bake 2. Ag] Seto} aa, Im not sure. She should have received the invitation, but | haven t heard frem her yst, #2 of affairs. In the situation is given, and fo the first clause is given, EUS wep S95 Bla alc 2g eel Sct 3S Gey =xH0 Ic PAIRS He Shaolct SHOIAS Biel Sx{OIct HA GIG) Begolcl Saget ele Lesteyeuced 217} ARISE ok hy eeboloya, 'm in big trouble because | haven't studied for the exam. U AED, J8S Zu AGS Le ae] 4z¥ole]a, Me too. If we don't do well on the test, we won’t advance (to the next level/grada), so I'm worriec. 2} eo APF a se) et Haya, Fim expecting a Geivery iis evening, 0 please make sure that you rece uy AE oH: Tol GS el ofa a? But | also don't expect to be home this evening, so what should we do? 74 Ola) ORES =efar uo] wlgtge aha YoU must be exhausted aftr working late yesterday, so please gohome eat today Uy Hae Ich, 945% Of + Gide. Its okay can work lat today too 0] HHS (je Pic2'o] Selle SE Fol ABS + Heel] Oltk= BlSh= Apo] OILY 7H ABS UEKI7 |= Beh, This expression can also be used al the end of a sentence in the form ~()- Ir2, but, in this case, it ean also express the speaker's suppesition or assumption about the situation being discussed. 7b AN Falla e] og Zaks Gt.2? Shall we ask Jena to go on the arp with us? UF AR Ais 253 BH aa, I think Jena is busy these days. At A A BS ALD EUS eh ee, Theard Gyeorgsu is busy trying to prepara for his exam, Ub obec & B2psHoF Bt tela. He really has to oass this time. 7t AS] SA MB] 7} MH BAK OLA, Allthe flights were canceled because of the typhoon, Ub So] 9] webs lal} ASIA ohske ees, ‘They wouldn't have been canceled if there hadin’t been a tyshoon, 22 Korean Grammar de Uéve -Intermedisteiene OL EHS! 42)e Fle" CSz} ZS Zollat zto]7} EILICH ‘The differences between (9): tl and 42) -(2)u-a ‘aH SEO Ht UH ARIOILE Sol IS Ua CHS SUS AAS ABELIC Used to provide backaround information about the current topic under dlscussian or ta introduce information about what follows in the nex! clause. a + ED 27} Ste 2a apa 7a. Its raining (now), 20 please take an umbre'la with you. SUPE on 27) MBO ey ALS Aigsigt YSLICt. {2)1-/SUlis used because itis currently raining. nae de a As at Rae a? Aig ist PANE ate] eS AAD Best EACH YO} MsHsoil Zo) 7Ic+ BALE ‘Sop LPB say 7IC} 7 2: a? DA} BH CTS ea, 230) 20) ALIA sic 25S 7|NIe0i| Ped Balch Offa} Mit 20) eee tact ub id] are summanzed below. 42)2 wal ‘SMILE Ole AON CHsH BISIS AIRS] FAS AB! aE ANB eILICE, Used to express the speaier's supposition or assumption about a current or future situation, © QFof) U7} & el FAR A 7A, It's supposed to rain (tthe afternoon}, so please take an umbrella with you, > Woe sts AOl7] mSO 4O)e Bes AEE SAUICL file] is used because the speaker expects it to rain later. S Sct / PRE aba} Bee xt SRO BAPE at Sch AMlse ALRICH Of fet N= Tol Bovztct Lasarageuchye 23hia 1 ~(9)2 dds ASM CHES Sse Bee. 2) (3) @) © opp Jae Aaa, + Fe] al) QL, = MESSE MASE HI Sel All SH QaI2, rE ala, + 12S Eaa, + 110] Bol & Ag, + GALL ath} Sulsioh aa? ™ + WES ASQ. + Bel Uefa2 Borgo} a, all 27} Sol] 3} st Le 7A, + oluh7} geksH ee? 2 ‘Hoje eds ASSHM CHS cishe etselai2, a) 4 ©) A SAL lel ob 2a) a7) isto 4 _ 28 Asi BALA, # ALS Sh Bo} Bia? Ze u Se 90] BAR, 7 sunbed Zeb Bala, GS eshe uy ASE Spt} o} WA A SAO. 7 YA APP APES CH a, 212] SEH u SAY Sl Shay Ste} 7|7} et HES 2 24 Korean Grammar sz %¥ése Intermediateeae 7% BIRINDONS ES Wolok stel4] 2? Doesn't bibimbap need red pepper paste to taste good? ue Ul, SANE RAE glo] Wow oe ez aay Bone, Yeah, but it wil be spioy i you acd a lot of red pepper paste, so only put in alte. 2 MEL MP} BAS Bea] BAO} A, | wore if ark i wal on is evo. u SRS ah ABs) oP Pm sure he cic well, so con't worry. 0] BS BSks Areo| S2 UEMHE Bt * ‘SILT BS VALI, Sole Fe WSS ABI! A This expression is a combi and {2} which expresses the speaker's suggestion or statement reason for giving such a suggestion or adv | i ai ISS BILL oe | eat / 04 ~(2)2 aja oa | “ a3 aut | Oolct ojo 1983 ILI ap ONBES ELI} nae A tae apfoict SoS ELIE mice ada ofololct poles eMLint “ apauolct ‘Sedo! ELI Lage usael 2574 OPE] AP} SHON SOYA ADEE Ab BAR? Stall we by some apples since Mayes fit? Ub Aa Be] oleh Bypass a Ss AL a, Because it's strawberry season now, they should be cheap and taste good, so let's buy some strawberries. 7 AALS BLD Ale] ofe}o] A122} obi} e? L want 10 eet with the teacher, 60 do you know where he is? AEA aL UU 7152 7 ALR. She should be in hor office, se go and check there. 2 OF! S29] my SEE TUE EHISh SVR? Do we only need to prepare drinks for the morning meeting? Hy TSE OS Sr UQLS Hy] HES AE Zo] Ey | ss 7] Sslei a, Most people probably won't have eaten breakfast, so preparing some sanclwiches too is probably a good idea, 1 0] B82 (o)= FLI7i2'9| Sets Sat Fol WSsi7I= SUC ‘This expression can also be used at the end of @ sentence in the form of | eulspaa, anelslet zie) vel eye, Leave ealy, There willbe a tae jam sine ts Moncey. 2 ELITE. +3] 2 ole" eILi7F2) Seo BROICY, Der, “aipisicrs! G0] & + eHALIC Expressions such as 420(¢h, 712Ic}, and a0 Sk} cannot follow 4O}er ELIZ. sHybad A Beal AL) RIE (x) — SESE ISL TST EAA GARIUEE, (0) + 3)st8h luz ola] Useks a4 alga, 60) “rule? Ald) 94) yest a uletala, (0) 3. 0] EHS ctBl= Aso] CIE 21S SHC} OLAIL Sse Licht |= SHEE Olu Fol7t 194 SS SIGUCL FUBCKS ER St Alefolall ofl abxi7i-t ofa Slee WIBOL SUCt 0] HES AO}= EfOICH7} Siaks HELD Sol YOILIF7: BE VILIc}, o| BE 4S)= ALD ols SAKES + elea| BABS + eSUCl, This expression is a combination of 4=)é H10[C}, which states an intention, and (2)L47}, and is also used to state the soeaker'swllorntention. AS such, ican only Be used when the subject isin the rst eee et ete are ent elated ov serene mentee ner tecer etre arer sce rig oA ely era ene =1 I ee yeaa eral tn 26 Korean Grammar oy 2ée “IntermediateJt MQ} Al, Lose olgha letohe waa? Jaeyeong, how shoul | eontaet yeu trom now on? Uf Aloha FAS 7a EY U4 oj7|= Het ala, I'll give you my email address, so you can contact me that way. 7} #0) 2A\u}ap tel AS delatormols, Te got 0 clean up the house fast because some quests are coming Uy Arb Aas Avis shit Wey ae Sah ea? Ficlean up the ining room, 0 will you clean the other rooms? ‘e)> ele} (2)= BILWAS SC} PSSt Ul She BO|a|B Sat AS AaIlAd HtO|7} LICH. Aithough 42)e Sl] and {9} WiL{7}-are used to express supposttion, they differ in the following respects. 4eQje2 Bel +(2)2 YIL\7} 29] YEE SinfatLich 5] OPS SIORRICE, , Rofors to the actual situation related to the Refers to the reason for the speaker's supposition supposition or assumption or assumption. + aL Be ele] o}4] Hale, + at taf au) oy) aha, You must be hungry, so please have (Because) you must be hungry, please have something to eat. something to eat. re a Sal ap x etx obyigo ey uu BY AS YA ES A [IL i iy etc el atl Px] OLZAFEZ) atc} AVE 7} OFC] 8X! 4c + / 52 were] Sour 4 /-apetet ZICeICh 77\z 7b ct a ALO] APH OL Bel 71S sols. uae, vied AOL, AMA BWR A, JALAL 7k Al 3 AMO] SPRY FP Ay Zich AIMS rele ict / loll Aetetch LG! OFA BxloH Seetstch isa FIC: / B= Alziolet Zio] BO] BfsICh 20 EIB Sich SAS Saxe] THs / FHOlet ASO] Bo! eer sho Ue ol1 Bite 2S eaetets * = AILIDPS ALSO (1) $9 M7 RD BCR ® 2) UiekS BOI RICH, : ( olut: Ske @) 2 212 Search z ‘© 2B2 S HM2, @ 8) (4) 9) 4 ACL. + + @ C2 BS 7H A OMS? AgShtolbe| O- £4 Kt AD YS BILIME OWE TE ARABIC, TE ORS As AS OED, Sola|cp U Si Oe Bor lum AA] Ae. 2G A SALA. RIC APE ES} Ea, 7 OVS F719 SA AAR, AB B72? (ARTS] weep) Ay aiz. 7} 7 , AA; WalBol a. Est olay} BAS Vch) uy - AaeA2., 7 a= AP; 235 SA] OMA Of 3) 2].0.-2 (QA Bulge) 4 9s S22] HS AL 8, x OV 319) WS & FF Gerta? GIS akep AAR AS ob BY Eeha, sols alt Jolt eke BoWAL.S., u 28 Korean Grammar é Ye -Iovermediatea SA) DEL 2) gon? Did you happen to sae Mark? $ oft Azole MASSA. He's probably at the coffee shop. | heard him sey that he was going there eavliar 7 2. OF AAS <5eH] Zhe) 2 ole Seg we BU 4s Ae zee? Do you think Yang Gang went to play tennis yesterday? 4 ooh ebzeada, olde] uss se aeps shel al gobs, I doubt he went. I think he once said that he can't pley tennis. O| FBS OF! MOLI BS AOL SF BSS Boll cst BMOAE ALBorr| G7 VIROL ABE AKSstH A2et This expression is used when ti future event or somethi conversational torm only, ae)e82 2 AN Bal mA NO|CE am Lesstare dered 297) he} gel) 7432 BBs) AIRF] WR? ''m planning to go to the department store, but do you think there will be a lot of people there? J Aor ez, Its ight before Chuseok, 2 bet there wl be alot of people). AA BH Rss MHZ} w Ale] of=A] of a.2? Do you know when the lillls mart in front of the house opens? Lb fm} LOA Az, CHE PETE] HAF 104] oH] C7 | think it opens around 10 because mest of the cthor marts open at 10. mt OF A op air} SNERLER? / want to change eur meeting to a later time, but do you think Jaya has already left (her home)? Uy Wr) PUBSeLA, ASk A] go] VBOLA, bot shes aed left Joya’ house f fa au, Q Hop a Aaron atcr at were oO) 2272 zp] St Bol Leb lod S915 Licht alo) gist} zormjae Sze) aa) Thee HS) SIS 2 ise ARGRILICE hepa) pleved ub ay 3 BNGl2 Osa SSIS LEAL ION 4S)= aac pression (?}< 24 can also represent the contacted form of {9.0/4 480} in which SRL has been atte. As sich can ako be used to expres the speaker's feeling of regret soca « past overt. For ths reason, you must oy spacial attention to thes form when it is sod informally because i cen mice cher supposition or regret depancing on the suaion (See Chaptar 25 Exavabcing Aree 4°) gaat obs. 1 0] 2S AtcHato] O}Ziof oa} wiCHRE MIE AKBSILICL O(c AICHRO] QT GE= AKA! = Alco] JIC} SIILY BtShS APR Cher tS alge EMAL This expression can also be used to softly disagroo withthe listener, that i, to express the speaker's Dele thet the listener's staterant oF expesistion is rong or citferent from his or her own. 2b oH] atl aaa? Shale leave at Bin the morning? Up = Rta: Zo] wo] elglaa, The trate wil probably be bed at that time. A obs OMA ASR PAA Got aA, 'm planning to take Akira sightsooing at Gyeengbokeung, 26) AEF] 9. Pel WI7] AA: Stolatobn, eongbokgung. H's one of the frst places foreigners visit alter GO Korean Grammar jz Use Intermediate2 0 HHS Bete Att 2S Rohs CAS IAL VSUch Web Bete Aa > Azo] FSSe DS SRS the NSa + BSc. “This expression i used when only the spaakar has knowledge to back up a suppesition or assumption. Accordingly it can't be used when both the speaker and istener share the seme information. 7h Faas) a) ls] Bu, Its already sold out for the entire weekend. Lp apie, asi} Atwlgbezia, (x) — e712, Yay} amlaly she, (0) Yeah, that movie seems popular 1 PRS] DE ote AMMSIEL SE ABtMIA) RISC ABE Ch Bt QI71 MOH (2) 20'S ASS + MBLC “The basis for the assumption that the movie is popula-—that is, the fact that the tickets are sold out for the entire weekend —is shared by both people, and therefore (2): 242 cannot be used 7 ol BAPE ARS? Zz Do you think this movie is intorosting? Ub OS Sey 19 lebst sh} esa, ‘ ‘Well It's number t at the box office these days, so | reckan it's intoresting. 10] SSi7t Sel ets Ss BMS ‘L'sh 7k Q7| MLO elas Ase LIC, Here, only Lt the speaker) knows that the movie is number 1 at the box office, so -(©). used, 3 0] B8S ABE the Sz Bo] ete ot BAUC. Tho intonation of sentences using this exprossion risas slight 2b BISA HAPh ott oP? Do you know wnat the jo ‘. Ub oleh gue P87 Singe its in the north, | bet its colder than S: (222s + In terms of strength of conviction, (©)--242 exp than (2) AO1g. () 7b Pd Ab BAS SSR? Do you think Suyeong has had iunch? Lp PSheALa, At aAlgols, I reckon she has. It's already 3 o'clock. Leauge erga 31(2) at 4 Art Ale AGA? Do you think Suyeong has had lunch? U Bs rola, opp Algol g weet ge ateiehse, Yeah, I'm sure she has. A while ago, she said she was going to the cafeteria to ect. + (NE AS CH O| A} SABE ANS HS SHU ASS Mie US Hak AASeD of Q)swA's BHO QS FS APE eee che SLE & cf alae! FO] BS HT Yoos {je AWS’ VeALict In ff), (©)e2 is used because | (the speaker) is basing her assumption on tha fact that most peuple have normally eaten lunch by 3 o'clock in the afternoon. In (2), -(2)= 71012 is used because: Lt (the speaker} is basing her assumption on the more concrete fact that Suyeong actually said she was going to eat. oe & at AM ARF Bl VS 1B production ub LSS Fy 7 Aol] BSA, 2S WE AIS Col gic} O ALINE 8 SES StL[7} Lol sick i Bol unl} SSRIBOIL71 Mba eee AS} DBO EAI TICE S77] CEE BS Wel UN SAIGICE 2 4 = we ARAL 2b a ae Bh? u = Nz9] SAS, Ys} yy] olaujo|e Wa yee. AlZO] GACH / SSE LH Olewo iss: Hct Ofsf 2t ZICE/ kstol| AIBIOIL} elon BAO] Rick icf TROL SOIT / XIL7EO TBtol Zic}P sich S2 Korean Grammar é Use IntermediateSelon @ nee meee Sct OHO) Sc} BAe ree] BY A), 0] RIO] eH AP 21 09 Al7} ©] 22) OEE ONE Ova BHA] o]afoTpEL: of}. a7 Ae] Web] Mol ADS Ae, 3g AAP TE 212 2] 2H @) Fee, AAPHEE BREA, 2a WZo} = 32 Azz Sa 8e 27] ABI Geel 4) reel cp alee Alzto] zie] aula, Oo] aha 7p BAA, 7]7)3= 212 4] Suh oF HA] ASO SL AE wiee 2426) 2 as people Laa NB UEL 3G-(Q)rE(S)= S BHeragyep a1 Lf A, 2h 424) QF BHO} 2? & a, vty lr? you to Yur Romewerk? 235 BAI} MAL? AS SAVE wea, Say} We Syste a. Did we have homework for today? | didn't know we heel hormework. | thought we didn't have any. » Sal 4] Gel agoja? vet siglelala. Dit yeu se Eunhye husband? He realy handsome AV} BEL HOLA? AL Lai] 2I7} JAM, ALPES UB, /@ get married? | dide't know she got married. | was ression she wesn't married. ug a “O)L/SMO}2 B BCH BEHS AHO] MBO] OlO}7IOH CHa RIAL OA EE FICHE tx] SRS ABRIL lelat 42) /Sfo)> & egley= Meso] BO) SICH AP IsH=o)| 720] AO] OFS otal SIR ff ABEL The expression (2): /a{2)> & Bat fis used to end a clause stating something the speaker was not aware of or did not anticipate. {°)./=A2}e: H g9lc}, on the other hand, is used to end a clause stating what ‘the speaker had assumed to be the case; therefore, it expresses the speaker's realization that his or her assumption was incorrect, Ae) /e/O)= & satcreretch Oy SEE ot " aa “ ach ae nx oye olect oat aS (2)e zich xe 7iet zt +3 Sect aa te: ect oe etsict . ict ake ¥ os - cr ate ict a an oe ae ia Bch aS 34 Korean Grammar rz Yee intermediateONE Be SNCS 2 a 5 ait: ola oIste aha aise! +e Bact or a ige| =a slat engl eisict ee ay staged ; = = SlAF oul: + ale] ah LOLA, Hw] 94 eH Ushola, | thougnt Andy dame to school today. I didn’t knew he dicin’t come. + ue] glo] 8 OVA ATE SS UNA, LA] Yo] 4-27 Hs) goha, ‘The wind was blowing so hard thought it was cold. But rew that lam outside, it’s net cold. + AE SY ASS AG SBA Ws Aieel S atetoja, | didn't know Juyeong was Chinese. | thought she was Kerean baled arlene ue 1 o> AeA, Se AB) S Sel Pala, ob7]7} AD goa, ue oh, ISB, oby|7} aH Se Batol A, Bulg, SY Ae| B SOlct / of |7} xa Que Of 2t ARC / ‘SOWIE ct / MBBS ect ASO SIC / SP} Bat Selct 2 rm QA, Sat eel Het ofgo] AZ SAA] 47} S S & ‘EMI7} BE St PAIS 7A Oct UPA Sr AIO] SS Shag a 7hct BS Wo) BL ufeH ypesell| of Alaa At Ste BIA UI7} 22IC} = SAH0| HO} Aleks ee aICp PATE Rp AOA, SARS LAL 2E0\c} Lasshomre deg at 35.Paes eae 1 2. 2) fele)= B SHUM S ASIA HSS BS Zo] SES wpPAle, 0) @ 3 (4) Salo] upSEaR, Lele] xs Mie ALBA S wet} YZHO| A. > BAO URES BAHL, HAE MEH AS S ATO, 224) M7} SPYOPM, TAU] AL 2A Al7h BHYO] Of Jehat AZO, > Seto] alolateio. cits] aks 3e Aste] ae Abele an AzaseL a, = abe ab else} gol, rede as aah alt aay shebse Behold a, ee" He) feNe)= S SUCHUICH'S ABSA CHS CHSHS Srssbl2. q) @ @) A fa) se] AIP wILIO] ge? ub UL, Ais ale) 27} ae) Aas Bopely sbelol SS aaio12., NEEL ANZ} BAS Or Bola] 7} BET] YS 7] NOR? & OM ]M, Ob mit AEE Algo] BAL ESL a zh adage 7 ‘| 29} wha] a7 aroha, Lp a2. FARTS] a3 doh Sy) Alstel } ato, 7 9 oa] el oo? EAM] 2] le auairiea, Lala] de] SHS et shi] Wal Kalo}a. 4 Korean Grammar do se Intermediaterw FH, PAL 7p) aL 7p, Honey, take an umbralia with you. U7} BhSr)D, Butthe weathers fine. 1 AurEeloR, Sees BA] M7} SALE Beha, His the rainy season. In the rainy season, it might start raining suddenly, at MEL AY} Aut Aol] Ab BS ch el QAlz| 2? alt & de] Boze, a Don't you think Mark has finished reading that book he bought recently? 4 2S Ue] Polio} K IASal= Beha, There's so much to do these days that ne may net have reading it yet 0] HAS Off Qol WZ 7sxS Aleta wo! Serpe WE delet, This expression is used to indicate the ego: The form (2) 2| 2&1 } Is also used. yA aN Jee ais SM / ol e)exis oe eet Pes + BEC} mA BAAS Alpolct SPAS i OER Sect SHORE No} oct ape a wale wt ale seoicy seenis SU Lasoo ued el &7 ARE AZ} Oe] =A] SA] Of? Do you happen to know where Sato is? U ANE Ae Bg Po] UA 7AWE Ue) ATAo] Bo 7} EAloll SAE wee, Sato normally goes home early, but he's gota test tomorrow, so he might be in the library. 7 FARE ML Up BuIA, Ula Oo] Zk} orzo} a, ‘We're all out of toilet paper and soap. It looks like we'll have to go to the mart tomorrew. Ub Webel 4} eee}A] tits el i]s BU 93s Al BOR, ‘Tomerrow's the first day of tne Chuseok holiday, s0 it might be closed. | think we should go today. 7 Arh 4241 AEE aA GES: gt Stele, Rha) By} bea? I tried to got Sujin’s attention, but she didn’t answor. Do you think she's mad at me? Lp Batiels olop7isksthit Hoke] Bebe Ue Ve 247] pa, Sie Ikely didnt hear you because she's busy talking with he rend, Don't get 100 worked! up about 1 0] 882 7/52 712] Gale 2 wo] okt Ae gcl= Roja ols See els wen Aw Sit SE ARROW AIgOIE! Halt £4 SLC cicatas somthing that is possible, but unkaly, to happen, i ean come across is worried about an avent tht is important to him or er. Because this expression as rude to a pers 2 elt Aletol 3 ePotok a ale. te realy aot to pase “his exam. Lp Male] A MOUA PAGE Bele ‘You've studied really hard, so maybe you'll pass. 7b We? Air} 9} SLO] x] We alata? Wat? ave you saying t's more lial tat Ft ait? 2 BABA Se eo VS ol BAB 7hssOl OFF Salat SA) BEI} PICKS of SAK S80] SA SS ASO] FHEO) LBB 4 SUSLICL Ot 34 7hSMOl OFF SCE “BIZIE AMS TH BS She 201 4 SS uch The phrase 3f42!A|¢ 2}<2 means that the speaker thinks the hearer might pass even though the chances of Going so ave slim. Natural, the hearer would feel bad upon heating such a statement. In this case, therefore, it is better to use the phrase ?}7/! 710j/&2, which expresses the speaker's belief ‘that thera is a very high probability thet the heerer will pass. 2 0] HO] BPIBE -QUSAIE Seq'VILIch, Sela'S ‘Suoiaewn etotel SALI. ‘The past tense form of this expression is ~Qi/Si227|&: S2}2. It is incorrect to change Sets to Mgte|s.. + Alo] A; HELO Zee WANE St AAs Sho} a. GO) — Ao|at a7} sivlof aic}at Male! eb here Hela, (0) Korean Grammar é2 %re -Imennediatepike dod 1% Elo} jel eS op Boye, a & ub NAboha elglo}.a2 18S MCL to packs bag = | ele9F tt aid medicine | 47] OHEAE EU 7h OPS FBZ YALA, | 710 tty usrput tin in oer {eet URP| ORCL / 8 AIC SMS QE gc} Plo Back / Sate Bee 3 BIC se BALE WOIAICt / AES wc 2 om aye Ub URES eats: @ 2 FH Batol et RSA? o] 2BAE Bea, Thal HOU BASIE AHBIO| Offa] Sts of wIDOH oF Or} HS Slo eh= AIO! OFAC Of OH OFS BB O|AsH-2h ‘stojuiect ose woltelc 22 BO] ME AYO] OMe! af wh SEO} Off Sol SIRIOIA| ales wet ce gore Sc} Act bee a Aa SSeS NSA CS chstS tessa. () 7) ALE =H] oI EPS et SHO} 22 (bch, UWE Seal es ETS 2. <2 A] Z10]) SFE 7} Ae Be oF Bola, @ 7 Vil AS Zelof CHL y elt oforotel eIalx]a7 Ge ech a ayy ARE ofsanfo ss who} op) nl HeLa Bale, SOU} Mol) olse alae A? Ceteh) 4 — WRAL WE A Halo a, (a ial Sef) He AVES Wt 4 adalala? (k 4o-rcy) uO} os He] AS} Ee] Bae, © 7 e7hol Atleast guise, Gest eh MEL 7 Hi 7) BS aE Aes CHL AOR, Laas owe UENE 39e Sen ~2) CS BS a SSth oH S + US 2S DEAR, 1 2G) Ut #E APE AHS ZI SILI} HS Sto] SHE Stools. A: WO] aU EA eo] HSE Bee YS}AL 420] 3h et. CLS AYZPaSa| obo. @ ay BOLL GOR @ oH B~5) 43 3 Us 4 Zell Se HS Dee. 3 2B Ago! O| Aets wol Aa CHLIule, LBA, o| 4/z!0] 2 717 12. 2 77 Beas 3 Beolo. w V7 3 WS 4 3} ule! BewON 72D se, Lb Fa? FBI SS Or F Sols SHE AS YO] Vole. ule Dla] Sietsil Mle. oF Se gas SEs BU 5 7} LYSE SERESE Oh Sis St7; St 2-0 |o12, Uo ASS) OMe, SAS] BHMOL © AH Aa @ Ba BoaEee | Expressing Contrast Gates el serosa SU lesa 0) Bi eee NES eck rete Ae C=) Une reat A ec c=de |S SES elie to fees cereale | ee old ie esa OE aa el eae a fect temearre emote a os ake eserneu ict 01 —7/= oak, —7] 5-41 (ee 6 ee elec kotl De C2 eae~71% SaIeh, -71% -219 1» eli Hl RE Weep? Is the plage where you hurt yourself when you fell okay? IS SARE BS OL, Teun, but tea bear i a Al Yee) Bl 2e}st ol ale x} e}glo}2? Have you read the book that the teacher told you to read! yesterday? 4 M7: Asan use a weweia, | read it, but | dicint quite understand it the content) O| BBS CHAO) SS Lets Mh ARSSILIC), “-7|= SIOPOe ASSL} 7 AIP ZS SAL} SSAS SH ABS7I= SLCL Olth= MAAS] USS elsolalet HS i740] USS Lte= Boll ASHUCy This expression of contrast can be expressed with two forms: ~/it= Bix|2) and 7}: —TIp?. Note that the latter form uses the same ver’ or adjective twice, The expression is used when the speaker recognizes or acknowledges the content of the first clause but then wants to oxpross a different view or stance in the following clause. Tl Sialet ~71= Ret =r} SiS Bae ect PIE Saale ml att apis water ict OW7i Bisintot AI 4. ee tt AVIS stxlet asin eich oie Sia s a mem =tt 27} aziet lena a oie eiale 42. Korean Grammar é7 Yce intermediatestat a a De i bie ict eis aexIe 2c a7iS 27g a! atch oi7/= eBEntet + TAIL] e712 Boe UE UA’ 5e AOL, ‘Those shoes are good, but | don't think | can buy them because they're tao expansive, WRI BALE Sa] oles BMGT. | met my friends, but we didn't tak for very long, aH + 0) Qa 7s SAE Ol zt: ke ASA, I will have some of this food, but | won't eat very much. # OHS TIS aiale?, iS Ales Bot 21 stalet, 21 -RIprow Bol As uct. ‘This expression is often used in its contracted forms in conversation. -7}{= &|7}#! contracts to 7! af) and —7|{= —X|ft contracts to—2! —XIP!, He Shalt ANL & 37M 3 2 BIE CrSt OH 7h Bap Og ANB “The pest tsass form of this expraasion fs 71S S40 Hs HRI = 2ekeeuery a AGg ae ‘KiePat —71S OPIS Cheat AS APE BSL ‘The two forms --4 | and —7| aia (1) Atel FeRto| Sop eels SLC, ‘The subject of the preceding clause can be different ‘rom that of the following clause. + ute ap wale Bae 9] OER, (2) Chest cieset SiH LIE RSLICY, Used when the speaker wants to exoress a simple contrast a PAE Se Al TECH > ED] ol0)7f Bhat MLC. ‘Tha speaker is only stating the simple contrasting facts about the subject under discussion, iS ERASE ALNEHE O10f7) 1 ofS BaI7} o]go} a? ||2h are different in the following ways. —7he Sxl (1) Masia a0] ZopE Bote Lc ‘The subject of both the preceding and following clauses must be the same, 8 Mss 7i7b s all RS 77h HPA, O) — Me 217th BBE AP Bo}-B, (0) (2 Saye) IBS a7 ole semipr saelo) cH BBS OS BRIA DE oy ABeILICH, Used when emphasizing a contrast, In tha preceding clause, the speaker states something ‘that he or she acknovledges or knows to be true, and then in the folowing cisuse emphas’zes a contrasting fact or situation, | Bal7 lis fy > G2) HHS BED IRISH) Zhale) a2} BOL BBS SUC While acknowledging the preceding statement, the speaker emphasizes his or her belief about the subject under discussion, Ub AMA7RS MAR Mp ola] spA ts BHO A, OM] & SS} Otc APSE ARS A OBE 25 eu} orsct 44 Korean Grammar gv Zéve intermediate AIDIRSCH / 25 OSIRIS VACHE O}S0l| Sch / 2 SIC BC) / CMICKS BH wct 78)1 2, 7 ub SHULL uc] SECH/ CIAL Bist + Ich Ole! O}BoHE HE Z! Alzt0| gic clo 6) / FORA} IH ey 285 Bal ect rt /olotzto| gic cies ‘7H SiRIEFS ASSIA CIS CHSHS Stalstale, (1) 7k ARE 2 Stel ep42? Up Ul, TLS SiAIRE SEZOLe., 2) ab 52) Mell eteh Boa? 4 ASHE oF lo}, (3) af HMO] at Az]9? ub eos WAS ge} 2. ) 7 AAS aaoie? 4 ofejol}4] ebay 7/4] ek 4-2, ‘Jie Kiev ARSSHAL CHS HEHE eesepMIe, (1) 7t Ol See Our e219? BNE SAM WYO aI) WY c] © 7 PEA BE Ss La} Wola? Fe Core me @ 7% ately dejulal Solus ae eye? 4 ole + ghel2, 7 alto atojs Byat a? pete ay at Rea,(te sa) AGE ORUSL Qlte SIA} Of. ? Shor sic mayamanecieaceie Ve Be Wao] AES Aopy ay an. ‘There's alot of work te do, but the pay Is low, so I'm considering changing jobs. We Ms BE RE Vang Gane ay gc go OHH A= =. alts HAO] SHE SA, Ha-hat While | am good at sports, I'm not a good student, apie! CEH Mt AHBEILICE et OF 2toH| cHaHAL AN Lie AE 20) Sak AIS MH ANS ech, aA OS Awotr| a OIL /e were) eeie ABSPIE aL This expression is used to express the fact that two things are opposites. It can also be used to state both the positive and negative characteristics of something together in the same sentence. It can be used with the particle Of or in the form {2}. /& vO (2) /e wo Xs ad & EIPIOl ac 212 Heol leh zr wet ec} AS Bro x“ ich feel . J Zits EIEIO ea ee eict 21 wretol 46 Korean Grammar de 2ére -tntermediateahah ae WHE ebeIOL Bolet Alzlelits AAaHe] ERGUEH, Whilo the subway is fast, it's crowded during rush hour. + 7h2le] ais gizits ok: WMO eeiy is Ral, Kylie is good at reading, but on the other hand, sha's not good at spsaking. + Aes VE deeb oa We tha ehes eho] Galois While that actor has received a lot of praise for his acting, he has also bean oriticized a lol, Meat FWA] BICHSHE 2S Lets oH (S)e /e a Ube AS ee UEC = 1] EISE can also be used. When the preceding and following cisuses represent opposites, +2 ASME a ela fy thge Mle abe a eae “That house is expensive, but onthe other hang, the surrounding enanment doesr't look very good. 128 $00 a7 asd FRe Bost DS. In contrast to the revent increase in imports, exports are decreasing. = 1 7 Qe} PIS dol ak a Pera, yiee] ek eo] ae, Sal EELS Bol Sich ES Bol sich / Se yo] Ct BRS BOl HO) BIE AC} SISC} / eh= BCH tn! CHE SS BOHICE AH BOIICE / 2 Ae 2 4 LAS AMR? 4 Ob1R, of Ae: oe wheel Use] oleigi| Bzhaeh cal dela, 0] HE eic+ / LESBO] OBIS) Atztsict Say Belct SHO] HRC / EAT} OF BOLAl Ot icp FIORE ARC / PSO] SOP APE Or Sch alas c agit ALNIOL ARE Zich ADIZE HE PIC} aces vera 472) 3) 6) Ab ©] KO] C1? (IIc) Uy OLS ENol + Zh2 Zl Zrohe. 7h 1 HARV A? se] Beh) ub UF BAR. 7 =b7eP7h Ofte? (es Bape) ub BO ABQ, ASo] ols. a? Eb wey) 4 Ape igo. 2 SUREAPIO} oiml.? Elo} wep ub Awe] Wor setae. 2 {O)u fe eMors ABA CHS StS Stgeraie, a) @ (4) ©) s 2] AL AWS SPOS? (G7 ashe) U We AS etolol 207]2= AE Boj a tb OHSS) aI7]$ 4, FOR? Hats He CH Hola, 2 BF AT} Sas BAIA? (SAS Haleh) a a, S52 Sa, a C7 Bele Baha? Ue ae 4 4, - ais ge 7 SF2| SV} WO] AL? (BAL vf et FopA|cp) uu, BS Hel 2B Bore. 48 Korean Grammar dz Yee intermediatea FM, We Ro] Shfke Bo}A] Be Nortel, Dear, I'm ail cut of clothes to wear, so | should louy some more. 4 BO] Vo) oA Wea we Le Aha? ‘You've got all these clothes in the oloset, but you want to buy more? % Peso] BV Moya, ofA] Ge RAW a? ‘You look tired. Were you not able te sleep last night? u A) SALAS 2S Ho] Zap S, Despite getting a good night’s sleep last night, I'm really tired today. Ol HAS 42 ABS She HS)L/Ho/O] st SS WAS] SB Alt 01/01 Hats O| HBS FARO] AIRS) MSOIL Salo 7leHer + se ABSHCh. This oxpression is a combination of (9. n, and 0/01, which indicates conoession or jause that Indicates an opposite or an unexpes: ven in the preceding claus. Sei a ae i aa has ae weae api —Sy/atens a ae. ‘ eal “eats ae fae adaguegad 49NO|ct “O)_/SHIE'S ZESSHAL Fptot ax} St a roll ‘To further emphasize the contrast or unaxpectedness of tha situation indicated by (©). /E0N, the phrase aM ie 2=0\L} 2MOIC} QS0\c+ oct ¢ A) abhe Bee] Beale Sle TIHRar Aofalia. Despite getting a good salary, my friend wants to quit his job, op aey Bay £ Bebe Gol eat Wore, Although I cleaned my house this morning, there's stil a lot of dust. Peres MSO] BSA, Even though t's the weekend, the department store isi’t very busy. coe ‘SETSER can be added to form (9). /EAIE BSL -Asbeeals Slat S}o]4ek ola, Even though they were in love, they had to part ways. Habat St EAAy Gabe ch, “Thank you fer coming éespite being very busy. no at FO] 4), ee ae uo Ale a u WAS daly) alt Bgops, s ABO18? Sa] qelgle sa Yeas ‘a OLE BO 2) Sa SERENE OMOIREHS 2=eldi= 2aetcH BIE! easly often prone lo) AP} BSA HS She Sct / SVS ayaa cy ANBIUI TE PABICh HO] RQICl / Sei IPSS Blo dlelT Oct t Hea, 414) AS M2] Ah EI AG MES BA) 3 SigteU7] SS Yo] Bort SVS YOl od BOUT OM] We Belz] ach BRCS GS7IAl SHMOUT OM SR ASAE = IMO/E a7) Sr ‘Ssict Korean Grammar de 2ése -intermediote Ola] SG APE AE ECE 23] NQLOU7- BS Bo] Mogwors, SAE ES wo] EF Mgoja, AS MS BALM Sc} /=S Wo| R er} Brems suc, 207 BAS YO] SH Act / Puyol 48 Moje go! welch SHC} / Si UE BICL/StE'S MBs BSS PSM. Sc + @ S80 AZO] tora, _ ~ © Sst BA7F BRI BOIS, IDS Of a1. + @ AAs 7} aia2, S Sl SStoig2. (5) AFIBO! Lore . -® So] FQ, (1) O- Ro eH AovSume Se ASTb AI Bore, “HO)L/EUIE'S ASAI CHS HEHE SHSHMLe, (i) “2 Eebmpols get BP 4s6] Wo] Le. 2109 (4 LE ul, SZ) BABE RHSEO| Ajo] LESETIE 317) OF S420 28 2g ah = ag da He, 7 eA} a7 BRE FA Bole, up Ise, Walt ole are Alaist qlst hua, ©) 7 o] A¥e] Ago A] gobo? (la gic} oY, Al Ao} Ad LOH OF@ > glo] Bsa sola. 2aEverY a 512a ee yew G~2) CHS BS A Heat oy B+ ele We DeMe. 1 ad ARIE Lilt 22 weil WIE OF CHE 2A Zlole, A) Lo |7} Ze} 7h) @ Yol7} Sees eat @uelt eka 2 JIGS CS AMS SS Cl Bla PAS St + WE AA Soll Balas, alae gaint ade ARS SG SAN @ HBA) B~4) OS SUS I Rol BS HES Daa, 2 UO SEA]GE FPA] Bla. sol Ho] Uigto|@. cw uLol7 Rs vekale 7A] whe 4 4 ARIES Boia? 4 YL Bier © SIs Azo] gloiA] AER BL @ EO ae] Alzto] Bola] aE se BEA + BOIL} 2IZ0] Slo]A] AEE EBL. @ SolsHoee Be tehs VGo] Gowda se we Wel aia] aateie sbOWMEH= @ 28loie, beies ome Narrative and Informal Forms Bestop Stee, Sty aS eee NO ees ieee ea eci seta OSM ee sole tal) a a equ eee ees tg ea ag Gs eed ei) SESE Abs: Se i feos) is eat eeel pp ate tel 8 lb baie ete eh Ua eerste ats) BNE ae EsU lesley Cepek ordeal BOs Cec Taces cetera Weert orca Weert ces arse Teter tay prea aeecinae ee trearea es Ee eo Ree enna cl Fecorre ae ao ene ero ets eee eee act ee poor reais eich renee coracore Sen cere eine eRe Rec omasi at) eee eee Oe) pene)(ae1g2] a7) 10819 Pa ye BL Lassoh ech, “1S Se ol 7ex\. 2 ARR APL AUG RHEE wach, heh SUAS] BEA) BE AM Plath, LARS 29} 2/7 Waka SI ANY} wlopA| Malach op gol PoEAe] 7 Role, dol S 2] 10} of sighaleh oats yeista) abel 5 2p e7] eee) CF cE ah Wei Ming's dary) Oaobert eather Sunny Today, | went to Insadong with my friends. We bought gifts to take home ard drank some traditionel Korean tea, We also tried a spectal snack product of insadong, heddeok. Thete were a jot of things lo see in Insadiong, but it was really confusing vath all the foreigners there, This ‘weekend, | plan to go to Namdaemun Market. Even though a year has passed since I came to Korea, | still haven't gone to Namdaamun Market, 30 I'm really looking forward to going there, O| BAS AUPOIL} SUA 22 SOlAL SS Me ABO] APO] USS Aas YE mM ARSEILCh ESL S71 8 hE Meal ARSEILICH, ‘This type of expression is used when writing diaries or reports to describe situations and events objectively. 2pI A ant apy v eal oat att ict 2/98} ae care aut act “et IC} atch oo iC ict ee ic} eet Pie} zc ee ich a - rich a Holct eee 2c} 18 Aol} 54 Korean Grammar de Yee taesmesiaeha SiC AOI eect 7 olgtct agolet see lOlgiCt No|ch EI : . a5 auc = el one steyfolct ‘Bloc + Ee gele}4| Zo] go] Bor}, ‘The traffic is bad because it's Saturday. + BAS 29ah capeep aise aE : My younger brother/sister sts to upbeat, cheerful songo more than ao, quis ones + USS Sok Bae obao}ey, Lam a student who studies Korean lee : 1 ‘SE SA Ol BOM SAS AS Sse Sia HSA} Hol] Rov! HSAs} te see sich, ‘When gic} follows a verb, it is conjugated as a verb, but wien it follows an adjective, itis conjugated as an adjective, he $b] St +4] ee fa] Sth, 2 “SYS ScChS SSA 71 HSoll che Beech. Because 2iCt and SU} are adjectives, they end in—Ch “ASS UE) APPS UP, 7S In the narrative form, Li/"? Hebis used = ES SAA a isust is used for = th (x HOS BS Sele 719] ABSlA| VS SAO USO) 742" SIEHES YO] ABEL! Seritences are almost never written in the form of cu question in thie form, you can ues the ending (< ne narrative form. However to express a ct we leamed in the beginning level. SqIS2 Ff ast Ao] BSH? Why are there so meny lonely people today? oPelts oH SA MAS aeRO Bh e7p? Why should we warry about environmental problems? SURE 9) 0] Ho] Hala) artery zpos to? Why am I thinking so seriously abou this issue? 8 ASUS) URL1 ro) ee TET, ws Ha) aS UE OB HOES OLAO|o4 HM) HEH, elke BS AlMt BOAT UTH. 2 auth 4) ALPS] AE N77b BS ACH. © 10)7| TE] Swe] 7-2) Sesh. 2 CBS Meal} MO SSUUCL Meae wHPAIS, a) wl of SHIGA] BOlSh= Sctofol| ClaAl HHS DRSUC|. Salt SOpets St > oct * Eek eit ahah GSetoreiUch Oo] SAtoh= Metab cHetoy As DPSOASLICL TSA\St Srl AZO] FOVS Sol Sto] cia SOlSSo| Ale! AMS A SUSU Bala Hx FSS A7/= Bt GOHSWALICL Bzholl Yar SLA OX} ALTO] HOH! $17/T LOIS w= OF GARLIC. IIalek OFZIStOl| sluts BLA BA OLPBolMScich CHS Zeok= Li7+ BOSH BES Laholl Chall PUES SH=cl 0| BEE S cozy |sHORASLICh. 56 Korean Grammar de Yé6e -tniermediateQ) ABE SISOIA] Sl 121 1212 OMEIRILICL Olt BI ARISES WHO] Lop! ZI Bo] » otc BF B AAO QOPILICE Mes OFM LOE] MINE SSC AER OMA S0lll MNES OFMUCL Alu7t BUel ZO] eS Aa ASA SHA] RS! O|OPILY SesOks SAA AOI OA LICh we = in @) 4h 74 | AIPAC) 2} SAIS a 2/8 ARSE BStZO| OMSLCL ol BSE a SALoI » OIC é AHS AlBIS9| QUCL MBS 7/Z0ll ASSO! Wa BASS] MB HIS OBwS cI 4, Algtsoll| AS stolxt PISS SS HSS GSS. Lee ofatok FSS! SHSt 7HSotat 770] 717] Ofe4 7’ SMSC BAe] ool RwWst Hs SS ASLO AlBISo] BEST gl A Hee CS ell HS + @USsuch 3 AMHRa Sailor, S Aye? Fuinhye, are you doing okay? 4 -&, Banol, a? Yeah, 'm doing fina. ind you? % Soh, BR) AdAlzelop, Aa] oe] Aa? Denghyeon, it’ already lunchtime, Shall we go to lunch? uo Alt 7H ABO] BS Alok 2a o} ay 71h ‘There will bea lot of people f we go new. Lets go in abit. a Z1ey, “Leh Okay. Let's do that. HIDES Slpt Se PL} usu ALO], 7% AMOI RS ANSEL —Olola'sict Sf ABol7| msoll aileto| OfAICebe Total BS SPOl Met Wel7t BUCH HE —O/O1e OA] “QS BELA] ARCHIE 2 SEHO Heb BER 7 Ise SIC, The informal form is used mainly when talking with close friends and classmates and among family members. Because it is less polite than the -o'/01s form, if you use it when speaking to someone with whom you are not familiar, it can come across as rude even if the person is younger than you. In most cases, the informal form is made by omitting © from 0Y/91, but there are exceptions depending on the sentence style. 1 SAEo SS: ALT SSS Aas BPS SS 22} —Oyo1R, Ry go12"9] Behold “QS S2Hlz! Belz} Set oleate ol2lol 4e)e zich Sec} Declarative and Interrogative Sentences: The prosent and past tense forms of declarative and interrogative sentences in the informal form are made by removing @ trom the ends of ~of/ole and ~ ge! Ol, The future tense form fs made by adding {2}= 7lofto the stem 5G Korean Grammar dx Ace IntersmedioteMEE 0} 2 ~RE/ R401 did Agi « nicl Me -o}/o} AN Bal I ae sy - Mic 7108 BAS &. ~() BAE = let / FS (O)= Of eich Hot zp Ot SApOict SLALRCL aa * o1R01 sragoict SYolzol SAfO[CE SIAR as fein Syaoict =pyoloF pI 3/0? ICE MOH?, AL? RUA? ict 194012, CIAL? ” 5: tC MEP, MLA? AN ent o/0}2, -L1? si dole shi use apy pay “oe 20H. 7c 2H lop, 2 ALI? +2)e ALI? ic} SIS HOH, BB ALP ae 8012, 984? S\atolct SLA} R012, SLAF? Nolet O1MOl?, OfZILI? EHSOICE SPHOIMO}?, SHOAL]? amy coporz copy AO atte apeyolct apgolor?, shgonL> (1) OME S| BS SMR CHF, abate OLIgio! SILICE wer cHEIBE cH = OU} SIUC. O}LICH is written as O}L[OF for the present tense and as OH /%¢4 for question, & or OF is used for Ul, and oft! is used & ag at Fuel aha 2 Wanna see @ movie on the wee! ue, eel Sure, Sounds good a Oph aL Ant Fok? 7 va was tat jus now? uF Wl eaelk u My little brother/sister. (2 -Ovorr= SARIS ASS A USL, “UPS MAO ABet + Str Bet SALE OPMAHOIFIEL ABat-S ShSLict While -01/0}? can be used with superiors and those older than you if you are on familiar terms with them, -L1? cannot be used in such cases, Svgaeta BO(2 Ato) MME WEROR, AG ah UY? / gloq? ‘Sejunt Beomsy, are you reading a book now? ae &. al gol, Beomsu: Yeah, I’m reading a book. (Ea SL} Ajo) Ba seth, AAPM a? (0 Little Brother: Sis, what are vo su ae, Big Sister: Read 2 SBE oz OOS Ol} —O/ojarS BULICh SS SASS A] oF = —z] ofep 7p SLC. Imperative Sentences: For imperative sentences, either -01/of or - 0l/o2t is added to the vert» stem, To make a negative imperative sentence, either —X|0} or -X| n}2tis used. _ —01/04, ick Jt HB PCy | CE ol, 4oret | = Zick tx] Ob, 71a] oFeb i act SR] Of, OAR] Oey a I7E OU PALE Je, Uae Se) mh / 32] Oh, K's raining, so take an umbrella. Don't be lata tomorrow. Uy eto}, 7}4\at BA, Lp cae, O32, Okay, I'll tke one. ‘Okay. | won't be late ziti] -OV/OTS JIMS SAPO ARBEL > QOL} Oars TB + ShSLich Se. Hov/orers CHASE SHS STS] LIO|L} ASP SITE —OL/OF SIC} CY OFRHSILICE Note that while —o}/o] can be used when talking with those older than you or superior in social rank if they are close acquaintances, -O1/04@$ cannot be used in such cases. In other words, ~01/0(24 is used with those younger or of a more inferior social status when compared to those with whom ~O}/0| can be used. (Seat 238) AIo)) SH Luh ol S724] A. (0) / 724] Heb (x) Little Sister: Big Brother, teach me {how to ¢0) this. 2a A. Big Brother: Okay. teach you. 60 Korean Grammar cr “ée intermediate3 STE: Hol -O/OTL} AKE BUUCL SIS Al BAKES Sec, Propositive Sentences: For propositive sentences, -of/0j or ~X} can be acded to the verb stem. ‘To make @ negative propositive sentence, ~2| BIX}is added to the sien. aa ae ict It, ERE Sem Lily act 2404, SIRF Ge ux 7H} FIX| SEAt - Ic} Pax] get vt ole obo: ell 7h 7 - esh] 77] We Let's go to the beach this summer. Lets not exercise today. ub Sue, ce, aa Yee? Okay. Let's do that. In that ease, what shall we do? 4 GIo{2] Be Word Variation “RYXTS “L/UI7E SI, 22PIS LENS SAE “LUI SILC In informal Korean, the ‘st person pronoun axl changes lo LVL. The 2nd person progfoun is Lf, i) | 22a HE oe ue HII? > UTE ut AS + Us ue ARIS) LH (LF) 4 (E12) ae URS SQA Uh a US Ue Vim golng te have doonlang jlo to eat. Wiha uy UpE sda esa, + 24 917] HI BERS Ob oR? so Ub Steb, uy SECHAABEOH, 17] S1Sis4} 5 CHE NB] BS 6 ul Calling Others by Nam = ASS OSS 4B tt} ZA} OVOFE 0} 3 Buel OFS BRILIC TelLt else OBO! Of SISO} ‘The particle Of/0} is added to the names of others wi ‘Strange to add this particle to the non-Korean names of + QFe}, 25) shart I, Be] als A 22OR BUM OFS AISee +) OYOFS HOI OOH SeLIC, them verbally. However, it sounds + AeA eo}, ofa] 21 Sey BEF? (oo) 21% MBt OSG “O/OPS BOX] BSUCH oo fanot aided to he names of oeigners ofa] 2 Bebo} 8h0}? (0) aAguisruaal 676 Att2| 0k People’s Names Ofg! AJEIO] OLGS SIS all 3 AlRtO A461 AJOILE LioW7t of@! BP AOR BLE 0 URIUCH TeyLt OI ABE OOS ‘OFS OUR] EYL ICH. 2 Fol ors St When referring to @ person by name, if the person is a close acquaintance or is younger than you, then 0/ should be added if the name ends in @ final consonant. However, | is not added to the names of foreigners. BIS BA OIG Ce BHA AS US ‘0 L OH, AQ EGS) 2] BS ERISSE wei Al AREY SICK “Ol'7h Stal Gt ‘AG CSE OE BUUC, TeT OES He WS BS SIX}BOe HS cI ‘Ol/OFS SPILICL, Note, however, that for Chinese namos in Chinese characters that are pronounced according to the Korean readings for the characters, 0] is added when the name ends in a final consonant. For example, ‘the Chinese name A;23¥ (Jy) becomes -kiz whan read according to the Korean readings of the two ‘Chinese characters. Thus, while Ai?14 does not tae 0}, 4s does, | ae aistol wie NoHe (0) ABOIE (0) AioHtolt= (59) a) AIH} (x) AHF (0) gi ee 2 17 Fle, 287 lAbsof 7h]? uy -&, Bho] Us at glow gel 7, ED / Py QIAISol 71C} ARE SSE! BO] TICE eS / mia} Apzict Al BF 1gIOBI Zio] BIC AS / SOLO HPO MLE AAC HIwWA] O94 Zo| WLC} 2 rm Rob, ze} ab see a Ay H Vel ue au, 2d Wb ebae lek ch PA / Ritlod Ab BZMY Alot BH ley RC QI, 22 LZ OS ACE / CHE SOF ee ECE RS / AB Sail 2M all BA; oct SSL, KiB L) SSI BOlch / BS ol Af och HEL / SFO} PHATE LA UIE Stor Ech Ql, Qs LHS Toll Sch / Lola MESH ech Korean Grammar & se tnternvediate1 CS cise bh BPA. At -RA| A, UG Bo] eYsle] WHA? —- rt -BAOk Ul Nor HASH Wal? a) @ 8) a) 6) ® Lp shee, Zo] 72, > Ly eH, BOL TEA 7 BS A, 49H) BpElo] & AR? = 7 uy OHI, BEA Zope, a4 > $2] 0] ALBA ASA? — > a Lb Oh], 7] 7] oho2. = ih — 7 S42 Ee 414) oh, — 3 u — 7 2% Balls YS Assit. Pk he u BAPE SPU BBS Ba) Bh AS) A, 1A WE 2) eae? + 2 4), BBO, ele) Ha? at a u 2 CS Ele WTF ASL} od Mloi2y| Stel SAPOIAIA] LSBSILICL CHES HIBS BRP | @) 2S Alt SHSale. (4) A AD 4c FU, (1) Se CBee HS ROIS. (2 — HEGIOL 8 Ace? BAR? (6) Ob BLS ‘elt COlOlS BolA|g? (7) VB, WIAKS HA] SLAICh (8) SAIS ABAlct. (9) S}=40] GAIZIHR? (10) TA 7A] & SA ASHBOS QM, (11) Olt 747] GIA athe. 8. AigaSh gt 63O~2) Ce 3 MSU Lol APs VS WS Tae, a 2 4 8, BBall ot? YS ANE Qo} @ uid aay @ Wel BP ET Bok @ uel at hs Aaa 2 a» oth — Ly Tell Stgh04, @ YRoRs AS EM aa SAS BOPAD @ JAK: AS ESey @ YOK AS EHS + Yo}? B~4) CHS BS ta Stoll Se SAS Boule. 3 O #2] MS sel] 2 Al 10] Sct @ 1d Sel Sol ASeaNSt OFS Bs HE AA VEC. @ DNS Seo] OF] MSSAHEC, @ Hews G Balsl S ‘Pall BEE ABA Sohn alc}. O23 BS FSH] OWSS AROS FS} ALC. @ OFF MY Pets 7H 510} as ANS + QUCHD APH G) eHAL AS O42! oH OIFOS StS 2c} @ Sixt B7| FSS Ae BAIS CH WSC 5 Stk ue toMg, @ WY, Wis 23s Spa? @ Out, 9: Je] 44 74h & Aulog, oltp7} 3 Aloy uP @ SRF, FA] A] Aly -E Bei? 64eee a Expressing Reasons Pees stese)eer imps i Cyst alel clpcigecscay fg pele emma es | ha BOYES eel penn ese: Pond eed Awa Ce St US) Cle pretOlbgs Ste to iirenerseks tate fSLeKe emer EE NS 35 fa eS ae at ote aE Oe etl Pena Peete tec es Seretue cry dens) ae Here, we learn additional expressions to indicate re ees aes poner ureec ts Co) zap (a Ce ac (pansies Creare (eyes a (ysl erga eee% ofA, 23e 0] Algol spe sn8? & Jaya, are you pianning to go to this restaurant again today? 4 YL elit aut vse, BIEL ae zho| ZA,09 Yes, (because) this place hes really good food De you want to go, too, Mark? 7 Oe SH LBA) 2] Lal] Bo]? Why dio you look so tired today? uy ola) SEF Les ae 2 Aye. | didn't get lot of sleep yesterday (because | was) tying te watch a movie. ala OO} O| HEE AHO] St SLO|L} AHO] ASH Soll choy OSL HPle) AHeES WS! ul AKVSHLICh o|4a) OF ARIE SclBlo] MBS AUC. HESS stop fet AABStn| Sato Me ALSSIx| SUCH FS ES BE AAO! AP [OMS ASSIA] QT SAE ANSE Apolo ABE ABELL IC, This expression Is used to respond to a question or to add to a statement the speaker has already made to provide the reason or thinking behind the answer or statement. The listener has no knowledge of the reason or facts being stated by the speaker, Noto that the form 7c is used only in conversation, not in written Korean. Moreover, itis only used ameng close friends or those on familiar tems with each other. It is not used in formal situetfons, such as when giving a presentation, sea e on /#& ~(o)e AES oe eee 66 Korean Grammar é7 Yve -intermediznea IE. spol aPWIES NoIc OMAEL oHeIOICE OHOIMAER 5 3 apoIch aRAER Sal (on4 ojou0 ch ojgloA=e 7 AREA FLO) Bey Sey? Did you go up Mt. Hatla when you went to Jeju Island? UF ORL, SE zo, Wa7t ot ESTED, No, | did't. (Because) the weather was bad, = QRS dfe] 7h, n when I'm tired. Ft BE UIE It's really bean raining a lot recently BUT SAS AGS AIM, (You see) it’s currently the rainy season, It will rain for a full month, 1 OlF'S| Sle ASH of AES} BE SAS Ceol ALL Bol] SP Vi, Srot= AtetOl ‘Bel SN CSO AHO] Lol] St HOSE ASS! > OESLICh When 742 is used te indicate a reason, it cannot appear in the frst clause of a new conversation. It must came oithor after an iit statement made by the speaker or in response to a question asiced by the listen 7b SOWIE IH: NAA? Is there a singer *het you lie? uA {ike the singer Rain, because he sing: Fk LAER Sil Sobs.e? ny do you ike that singer? Lp Aah nee B3/7]Ea. (0) (Because) he really sings well. 2 0| HE Stoke AttOl SS Afatollal [ Sk-ILt Olof état 42 20] 2 617] Mo] HWE Retz se StL|Ch ChebAl Flo ASSIS O|0F7 7} VICKS ASS VtAlata? SSLICh This expression can also ba usac to proface, or introduce, something tha speaker wants to tell the listener. Thus, it provides a hint to the listener that the speaker has more to say. Aol Ue atA ASIA, 01 2A}0] So] ojrjo} Qoia? Excuse me, bul do you snow if there's a bank nearby? Uy 9] 12 3 7 BSB] UREA, Boks aes Sato} gloja, If you go straight ahead on this road, you'll see a convenience store, There's a bank across from the convenience store Ft BEM, AE 2 FS AMG RY GER, Se AS eo] He? Yunho, I've arranged to meet with Juyeong today. De you want te go, too? Lb a BE a7} A Alte] A MYA, ge] 7.0, ‘That's great because | also wanted to meat with Juyeone. Let go together, BA Ue 7a? ub BEY] Bre] Qala, Belod 8 Ue 7ICt 23s Edo] Sso| Alc 9 Ola SNE Bol Belsic} ‘Biol BHO] BO] Sc} AMIE 9H OF AIC AMS OPI BS RAC 1} Bo} 29 a — 2 Ate] ae al xe} 2} ul By alate} oFRo} g9)71 =. tpn snp sets We STETES eRPLS Sa SSE aoe a ELC to shopatemertet poo} 2 SPINS et SE MCh / Ble Obo| atch OW EAROV BYAICH SRSICE/ AL cH} xI2pF gic OW EIEIat zo] IS wet OWES Bab AIS Wet / Iwo] BBS Zit 68 Korean Grammar 3e Yése «IntermediateChe TES Sm [s7]Jo1 US Hols SO} —AES'S ASSAY HSS Store. @ moles opie syoray opiet Hole opiet spores of et Aoly o}let moles 7k} BOpstct ANCE Sct 7} BatD sich 27} ot, aa 2 ohyela, 2q-e Beat @ La? UL os tel ae ABBA, Ball 7a ea SCHHO., ul, AE Bg ala ares. Bets} | Hee 6) 4oieguert 69