The 5 Main Types of Domestic Violence

Physical Violence

The most recognizable form of domestic violence, physical abuse involves the
use of force against the victim. This can mean a variety of things—punching,
kicking, stabbing, shooting, choking, slapping, biting, or forcing the victim to
use drugs. Injuries do not need to be major, either. For example, a few slaps
can still be considered domestic violence, even if the injuries do not require
medical attention.

Sexual Violence

Sexual violence includes sexual assault, rape, and harassment. Defined as

the violation of an individual’s bodily integrity, sexual abuse may involve
verbal, non-verbal, and physical behavior. Sexual abuse also includes
particular behaviors that would limit reproductive rights, like preventing use of
contraceptive methods and forcing abortion.

Financial Abuse

Probably considered one of the least obvious types of domestic violence,

financial abuse can take many forms. One such example is when one spouse
prevents the other from obtaining a job outside the home. Another example,
which is extremely common, is when a joint account is controlled by just one
partner. One of the toughest aspects about financial abuse is that there is no
outward showing of the abuse. When the victim has no access to money
except from the abuser, the victim is completely at the mercy of the abuser.

Emotional Abuse

Typically, emotional abuse is combined with other forms of abuse and often
involves the destruction of the victim’s self-worth. It is very common for
emotional abuse to be lumped together with intimidation control, as the
batterer typically wants to maintain dominance over the victim. This controlling
and destructive behavior can include constant criticism, name-calling, and
embarrassment.

Psychological Abuse
This is a catch-all term for intimidating, threatening, or fear-causing behavior
that is persistent and significant. Similar to emotional abuse, psychological
abuse may not, on its own, be enough to bring a domestic violence charge to
court. One example of psychological abuse includes instilling fear in an
intimate partner through threatening behavior, such as controlling who the
victim talks to and what they do.

Justice jared. The 5 Main Types of Domestic Violence.

https://www.jaredjustice.com/blog/the-5-main-types-of-domestic-
violence/

Ways to stop domestic violence in your country

People who are victims of domestic violence are half to blame for their situation; the other half
goes to the society. And if we plan to end domestic violence, we all need to change and fight a
few things. 

Educate the World

An educated person would never tolerate domestic violence. If she feels that her mental
peace is at risk, she will walk out right the minute. The people who stay and bear it all
are usually the ones that have no educational background. They are worried they won’t
have any place to go if they get out of here. They wouldn’t find a job and probably live
on the streets for the rest of their lives. 

Spread Awareness How It’s Wrong

Many women think it’s wrong to leave the house of her husband. The world would look
at her as a cheater who is not loyal to even her family. I would call it overthinking and
mental weakness, but we are partially to blame here. We have made it wrong for a man
and woman to separate.

Get Help of a Domestic Violence Attorney

There is a law for everything, and there is a lawyer for everything. The law was created
to protect the rights of the citizen. It was created in the most comprehensive manner,
and it is still updated to ensure there are no loopholes. If anyone abuses you, you can
get back at them, and that’s what you should always do. This is something we all need
to support.

Raise Your Children Right

Another important thing you can do to change violence, abuse, and crimes is raising
your children right. All the criminals and abusers are also children of someone. Had
their parents done a good job, they wouldn’t have taken this path. 

Stop Blaming the Victims

It’s not always the case, but it does happen sometimes. It’s not wrong to be skeptical,
but make sure you don’t destroy someone’s life in your skepticism. Many people start
blaming the victims without knowing the full story. They might say that you must have
done something to earn that beating. This is the kind of words an illiterate fool would
use. Nothing justifies abuse, no matter who is at fault. 

Don’t Keep Silent

The worst thing you can do to yourself and all other victims of domestic violence is not
speaking up. You are encouraging this behavior by keeping silent. Know that if it has
happened once, it will happen again. You have taught the other person how you treat
you. Only by standing up for yourself can you tell the other person that it’s not
something right. It will give make them think about what they have done, and if there is
any chance to improve, they will change themselves. 

Learn How to Defend Yourself

Self-defense is a part of education in many cultures. There is a good reason for it, and
it’s not just an art for men. Usually, the stronger one dominates the other, no matter who
is at wrong. As discussed above, you should speak up even if it escalates the violence.
Things can go out of hands, and you may get severely injured. That’s why you should
know how to defend yourself against abuse. Everyone should learn it and teach it to
their kids. 

Contact NGOs for Help

Many NGOs are working for the good of victims of domestic violence. They work to
eradicate this evil for good. They always have their doors open for everyone. You can
search for the nearest NGO on the internet and go to them for help. They will assist in
every possible manner, no matter what your insecurities. You will get shelter, food, and
a lawyer to fight for your rights. Remember, help is here, but you need to reach out to
them.
Gisuser (2020). 8 Ways We Can Fight and Eradicate Domestic
Violence for Good. https://gisuser.com/2020/04/8-ways-we-can-
fight-and-eradicate-domestic-violence-for-good/

signs and what you can do about bullying

Signs a Child Is Being Bullied

Emotional and behavioural signs of bullying

 Changes in sleep patterns

 Changes in eating patterns

 Frequent tears or anger

 Mood swings

 Feels ill in the morning

 Becomes withdrawn or starts stammering

 Becomes aggressive and unreasonable

 Refuses to talk about what is wrong

 Begins to target siblings

 Continually 'loses' money or starts stealing.

Physical signs of bullying

 Has unexplained bruises, cuts, scratches

 Comes home with missing or damaged belongings or clothes

 Comes home hungry.

School signs of bullying

 Doesn't want to go to school

  Changes their route to school or are frightened of walking to school

 Doesn't want to go to school on the bus/tram/train

 School grades begin to fall.

Other signs of bullying

Sometimes signs bullying can be far more hidden. They can include:

 Often alone or excluded from friendship groups at school

 A frequent target for teasing, mimicking or ridicule at school

 Unable to speak up in class and appears insecure or frightened.

Signs a Child is Bullying Others

Kids may be bullying others if they:   

 Get into physical or verbal fights

 Have friends who bully others
 Are increasingly aggressive
 Get sent to the principal’s office or to detention frequently
 Have unexplained extra money or new belongings
 Blame others for their problems
 Don’t accept responsibility for their actions
 Are competitive and worry about their reputation or popularity

National Centre Against bullying. Signs of bullying. https://www.ncab.org.au/bullying-advice/bullying-

for-parents/signs-of-bullying/

Theories in violent offending

Biological factor

Ethological theory- Universal aggressive instinct for population

control, selection of the strongest, defence of
offspring, social organization
-- Energy spontaneously builds up in nervous

 Evolutionary Homicide adaption theory
Determinism/Positivism:
Symbolic Interactionism “Doing Gender”
--
system –
-discharged through fixed behavioural patterns,
environmental cues
Violence is an evolved adaption shaped by
natural selection to increase survival and
reproduction success
- humans are psychologically adapted to killing
due to evolutionary process for reproductive
success
- Chromosomal Differences (Jones 2000)
- Neurotransmitter Malfunctions
- Hormonal Imbalances
- External Factors which may impact on brain
functioning – Brain injuries, PTSD.
- Greater attention should be paid to perceptions
of masculinity and the impact on
male criminality, including serious violence
(McFarlane, 2013).
- Exploring the reaction to self-image and
perceptions of how others see you.
- Examining the social processes by which
“gendered” meanings are assigned.
- The development of gendered scripts,
challenging and securing a threatened
“status”.
- Messerschmidt (1997) and Connell (1987)
Symbolic Interactionism
“Doing Gender”
- Greater attention should be
paid to perceptions of
masculinity and the impact on
male criminality, including
serious violence (McFarlane,
2013).
- Exploring the reaction to self-
image and perceptions of how
others see you.
- Examining the social
processes by which “gendered”
meanings are assigned.
- The development of
gendered scripts, challenging
and securing a threatened
“status”.
- Messerschmidt (1997) and
Connell (1987)
Classicist View: The Rational
Actor Model
- Is Violence a rational choice?
- Cognitive behavioural
approaches (McGuire, 2008).
- Personal Factors – Individual
attitudes, scripts and schema.
- Situational Factors –
Perceived provocation,
aggressive cues, misuse of
substances.
(Anderson & Bushman, 2002)
Psychology

- Psychanalytic / psychodynamic Freud

- humans have an aggressive instinct or drive that
must be regulated. if aggressive energy builds up
and isn't controlled it will lead to destructive
aggression
- catharsis - appropriate discharge
- direct catharsis - playing sport
- indirect catharsis - watching sport

 Frustration-aggression hypothesis -Frustration always = aggression

-Aggression always = frustration
Cognitive neo-associationist
Aversive (pain, insult) experiences cause
aggression
frustration-aggresion relationship is special case

sociology

Strain Theory – Merton (1968).

Gang Behaviour – Cloward &

Ohlin (1986), Agnew (1992).
- Social Learning – Bandura Violent behaviour is
(1960s + 70s)
Differential Association –
Sutherland (1947)
-Social cognitive model (GAM)
learned/maintianed through
observational learning, direct
experience, self-regulative
influences
- Kids learn aggression if they
observe it and their behaviour is
reinforced
- learn aggression, not born
with it
Developmental exposure
creates enduring aggressive
dispositions (aggressive: beliefs,
perceptions, expectations,
scripts, desensitisation) =
increase aggressive personality
= aggressive personality or
situational variables