HAND OUT FOR CLASS XI

PASSIVE VOICE

Pengertian Passive Voice

Passive voice adalah suatu bentuk kalimat dimana subjek kalimat menerima aksi, bukan
melakukan aksi. Tidak seperti active voice yang fokus terhadap pihak yang melakukan
aksi (doer of action), bentuk ini lebih berfokus kepada pihak atau objek yang menerima
hasil dari suatu aksi tersebut (receiver of action)
My parents plant some flowers
Active (Pelaku aksi)

Some flowers are planted by my parents

Passive (Penerima aksi)

Umumnya, kalimat aktif yang bisa ditransformasi menjadi kalimat pasif berbentuk

kalimat aktif yang mengandung transitive verbs (kata kerja yang memerlukan objek
langsung) seperti make, bring, buy, write dan sebagainya. Sebaliknya, kalimat pasif
yang mengandung intransitive verbs (kata kerja yang tidak memerlukan objek langsung)
seperti cry, swim, go, arrive, dan die tidak bisa diubah menjadi kalimat pasif.
Namun, apabila intransitive verbs tersebut diikuti oleh preposition, ada kemungkinan
kalimat tersebut bisa diubah menjadi kalimat pasif tetapi kalimat pasif yang terbentuk
akan sangat kaku.

Rumus Passive Voice

Untuk membentuk kalimat pasif, rumus sederhana berikut biasanya digunakan tetapi
tetap harus disesuaikan dengan tense kalimat.

Subject + to be (am/is/are) + past participle (pp)

Tense Rumus Passive Voice Contoh Passive Voice

Simple Present am/is/are + pp is created

Present Continuous am/is/are being + pp is being created

Simple Past was/were + pp was created

Past Continuous was/were being + pp was being created

Present Perfect has/have been + pp has been created

Past Perfect had been + pp had been created

Simple Future will be + pp will be created

Future Continuous am/is/are going to be + pp is going to be created

Future Perfect will have been + pp will have been created

Example:l

1. Active : She writes a letter

Passive : the letter is written
2. Active : She is writing a Letter
Passive : the letter is being written
3. Active : She wrote a letter
Passive : the letter was written
4. Active : She will write a letter
Passive : the lettter will be written