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Creative Writing for RTP 7 Quarter 4 Module 1

Education (Jose Rizal University)

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CREATIVE WRITING
Quarter 4-Module 1 (Week 1-2)
Elements of Short Story, Poetry
and Drama

RO6_Q4_Creative Writing7_Mo1_Week 1-2

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Creative Writing – Grade 7

Alternative Delivery Mode
Fourth Quarter – Module 1
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in
any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work or profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand
names, trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective
copyright holders. DepEd is represented by Filipinas Copyright Licensing Society
(FILCOLS), Inc. in seeking permission to use these materials from their respective
copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Author: Larren Joy D. Tumpag
Editor: Ariel N. Layson
Book Designer: Aaron T. Armada
Layout Artist: Michael Ray S. Magon
Quality Assurance Team:
Gemma V. Española
Dr. Leopoldo F. Sichon
Mithos V. Hiponia
Ana Lee C. Bartolo
Management Team:
Dr. Ramir B. Uytico, CESO IV
Dr. Pedro T. Escobarte, Jr., CESO V
Dr. Neri Anne M. Alibuyog, CESO V
Dr. Bernie L. Libo-on
Dr. Athea V. Landar
Melgarby
Printed in the Philippines D. _________________________
Coronel
Ana Lee C. Bartolo
Mithos– V.
Department of Education Region VI
Hiponia

Inilimbag sa Pilipinas ng Kagawaran ng Edukasyon – Region VI - Western Visayas

Office Address: Duran St. Iloilo City
Telefax: (033) 336-2816 (033) 509-7653
E-mail Address: region6@deped.gov.ph

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CREATIVE WRITING
Quarter 4-Module 1 (Week 1-2)
Elements of Short Story, Poetry
and Drama

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Introduction
For the facilitator:

A warm welcome for accepting Creative Writing – Grade 7 of the Alternative Delivery
Mode (ADM) Module!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed, and reviewed by educators

from public and private schools to guide you to assist the learner in achieving the
learning competencies of the K-12 Curriculum while they conquer their personal,
societal and economical struggles of education.

This educational help is hoping to connect the learner to guided and free learning
based on their abilities, pace and time. This also aims to help the learners to achieve
the 21st century skills while considering their needs and condition.

As a facilitator, you are expected to give first-hand information to the learner on how
to use this module. Their learning progress should also be guided and recorded while
they are allowed self-learning. Moreover, it is expected from you that you guide and
encourage the learners while they are doing the assigned tasks in this module.

For the learner:

A warm welcome for accepting Creative Writing – Grade 7 of the Alternative Delivery
Mode (ADM) Module!

This module was developed in order to help your learning needs. This is aims to help
you study while you are not inside the four corners of a classroom. This also aims to
give you essential learning opportunities.

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What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the art of Creative Writing. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary
level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard and sequence of
the course.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. demonstrate an understanding of the elements of short story, poetry and

drama. (SPA_CWFML7-Illa-b-1)

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What I Know

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a short story?

A. Tells about a single event or experience

B. Creates an impression on the reader
C. Non-fiction
D. Usually 500-15,000 words in length

2. Which part of a plot usually contains the MOST tension?

A. basic situation C. climax

B. complication D. resolution

3. Which of the following elements is NOT a part of the setting of the story?

A. character’s nickname C. time period

B. weather D. location

4. A dynamic character is BEST described as a character who ___________________.

A. opposes the main character C. changes and develops

B. performs most of the actions in the story D. tells the story

5. The image of bright lights appeals to our sense of ____________.

A. sight C. smell
B. touch D. taste

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What’s In

Short Story

We have to know that a short story is a type of prose fiction that can usually be read
in just one sitting and is focusing on a self-contained incident or series of linked
incidents, with the purpose of awakening a “single effect” or mood.

Short stories make use of plot, resonance, and other dynamic components just like
in a novel, but typically to a lesser degree. While the short story is largely distinct
from the novel or novella/short novel, authors generally draw from a common pool
of literary techniques.

Short story writers may define their works as part of the artistic and personal
expression of the form. They may also attempt to resist categorization by genre and
fixed formation.

Poem

On the other hand, poems are pieces of writing that share the nature of both speech
and song are almost always rhythmical, usually metaphorical, and often exhibit such
formal elements as meter, rhyme, and stanzaic structure.

Drama

Drama is a type of fiction represented in performance: a play, opera, mime, ballet,

etc., performed in a theatre, or on radio or television.

The enactment of drama in theatre, performed by actors on a stage before an

audience, presupposes collaborative modes of production and a collective form of
reception. The structure of dramatic texts, unlike other forms of literature, is directly
influenced by this collaborative production and collective reception.

Source: https://literarydevices.net

What’s New

Directions: Read the sample acrostic poem below, then write your own acrostic
poem of your name.

Example:

Just another day

On a lovely beach
You cannot forget.

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What is It

Short story – is a short fictional prose narrative that is shorter than a novel and
usually deals with only a few characters.

ELEMENTS OF SHORT STORY

1. Setting: The setting of a story gives us important information such as: 1)When
the story is taking place, 2) Where the story is taking place, and 3) What environment
the story is occurring in. It sets the mood and helps us guess what might happen in
the story.

2. Character: A person or animal or really anything personified. There can be one

main character or many, and often there are secondary characters, but not always.

3. Plot: The order of events that make up a story. The plot usually begins with
an exposition, which introduces us to the characters and background information of
the story. Next comes the rising action, which involves complications that lead
to conflicts between characters. After the rising action we reach the climax, which is
a turning point in the story. After the climax there is a falling action which leads to
the resolution of the conflict. Last is the denouement which is the ending of the story.

4. Conflict: Conflict is the primary problem that the characters in a story face. It is
the driving force in any story, as it influences the turn of events in the plot. Without
conflict, there is no story arc and no character development. Conflict can be broken
down into four categories: man vs. man, man vs. nature, man vs. society and man
vs. self.

5. Theme: The central meaning or idea of the story; the moral lesson the story is
trying to teach. It is a message that gives an opinion about life, humanity or society.
Examples of themes include love, friendship, good vs. evil, the importance of family,
crime is bad, etc.

Poetry - literature that evokes a concentrated imaginative awareness of experience

or a specific emotional response through language chosen and arranged for
its meaning, sound, and rhythm.

Source: https://literarydevices.net/short-story/

ELEMENTS OF POETRY

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1. Stanzas: Stanzas are a series of lines grouped together and separated by an empty
line from other stanzas. They are the equivalent of a paragraph in an essay. One way
to identify a stanza is to count the number of lines. Thus:
• couplet (2 lines)
• tercet (3 lines)
• quatrain (4 lines)
• cinquain (5 lines)
• sestet (6 lines) (sometimes it's called a sexain)
• septet (7 lines)
• octave (8 lines)

2. Form: A poem may or may not have a specific number of lines, rhyme scheme
and/or metrical pattern, but it can still be labeled according to its form or style. Here
are the three most common types of poems according to form:

1. Lyric Poetry: It is any poem with one speaker (not necessarily the poet)
who expresses strong thoughts and feelings. Most poems, especially modern ones,
are lyric poems.

2. Narrative Poem: It is a poem that tells a story; its structure resembles the
plot line of a story [i.e. the introduction of conflict and characters, rising
action, climax and the denouement].

3. Descriptive Poem: It is a poem that describes the world that surrounds

the speaker. It uses elaborate imagery and adjectives. While emotional, it is
more "outward-focused" than lyric poetry, which is more personal and
introspective.
3. Rhyme: Rhyme is the repetition of similar sounds. In poetry, the most common
kind of rhyme is the end rhyme, which occurs at the end of two or more lines. It is
usually identified with lower case letters, and a new letter is used to identify each
new end sound. Take a look at the rhyme scheme for the following poem :

I saw a fairy in the wood,

He was dressed all in green.
He drew his sword while I just stood,
And realized I'd been seen.

The rhyme scheme of the poem is abab.

4. Sound Patterns: Three other elements of poetry are rhyme scheme, meter (ie.
regular rhythm) and word sounds (like alliteration). These are sometimes collectively
called sound play because they take advantage of the performative, spoken nature
of poetry.

Source: http://www.homeofbob.com/literature/genre/poetry/elements.html
WORD SOUNDS

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Common types of sound play emphasize individual sounds between and within
words:
Alliteration: the repetition of initial sounds on the same line or stanza -
Big bad Bob bounced bravely.

Assonance: the repetition of vowel sounds (anywhere in the middle or end of a line
or stanza) - Tilting at windmills

Consonance: the repetition of consonant sounds (anywhere in the middle or end of

a line or stanza) - And all the air a solemn stillness holds. (T. Gray)

Onomatopoeia: words that sound like that which they describe - Boom! Crash!
Pow! Quack! Moo! Caress...
Repetition: the repetition of entire lines or phrases to emphasize key thematic ideas.

5. Rhythm, in poetry, the patterned recurrence, within a certain range of regularity,

of specific language features, usually features of sound. Although difficult to define,
rhythm is readily discriminated by the ear and the mind, having as it does a
physiological basis. It is universally agreed to involve qualities of movement,
repetition, and pattern and to arise from the poem’s nature as a temporal structure.

Drama - It can be defined as a dramatic work that actors present on stage. A story
is dramatized, which means the characters and events in the story are brought to
life through a stage performance by actors who play roles of the characters in the
story and act through its events, taking the story forward. In enacting the roles,
actors portray the character’s emotions and personalities. The story progresses
through verbal and non-verbal interactions between the characters, and the
presentation is suitably supplemented by audio and visual effects.

Source: https://www.michigan.gov/documents/THE_SOUNDS_OF_POETRY_33553_7.pdf

ELEMENTS OF DRAMA
1. Theme
The theme of a play refers to its central idea. It can either be clearly stated through
dialog or action, or can be inferred after watching the entire performance. The theme
is the philosophy that forms the base of the story or a moral lesson that the
characters learn. It is the message that the play gives to the audience.

2. Plot
The order of events occurring in a play makes its plot. Essentially, the plot is the
story that the play narrates. The entertainment value of a play depends largely on
the sequence of events in the story. The connection between the events and the
characters in them form an integral part of the plot. What the characters do, how
they interact, the course of their lives as narrated by the story, and what happens to
them in the end, constitutes the plot. A struggle between two individuals, the relation
between them, a struggle with self, a dilemma, or any form of conflict of one character
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with himself or another character in the play, goes into forming the story’s plot. The
story unfolds through a series of incidents that share a cause-and-effect relationship.
Generally, a story begins with exposing the past or background of the main and other
characters, and the point of conflict, then proceeds to giving the central theme or
climax. Then come the consequences of the climax and the play ends with a
conclusion.

3. Characters
The characters that form a part of the story are interwoven with the plot of the drama.
Each character in a play has a personality of its own and a set of principles and
beliefs. Actors in the play have the responsibility of bringing the characters to life.
The main character in the play who the audience identifies with, is the protagonist.
He/she represents the theme of the play. The character that the protagonist conflicts
with, is the antagonist or villain. While some characters play an active role
throughout the story, some are only meant to take the story forward and some others
appear only in certain parts of the story and may or may not have a significant role
in it. Sometimes, these characters are of help in making the audiences focus on the
play’s theme or main characters.

4. Dialogue
The story of a play is taken forward by means of dialogs. The story is narrated to the
audiences through the interaction between the play’s characters, which is in the form
of dialogs. The contents of the dialogs and the quality of their delivery have a major
role to play in the impact that the play has on the audiences. It is through the dialogs
between characters that the story can be understood. They are important in revealing
the personalities of the characters. The words used, the accent, tone, pattern of
speech, and even the pauses in speech, say a lot about the character and help reveal
not just his personality, but also his social status, past, and family background as
given by the play.

5. Setting
The time and place where a story is set is one of its important parts. The era or time
in which the incidents in the play take place, influence the characters in their
appearance and personalities. The time setting may affect the central theme of the
play, the issues raised (if any), the conflict, and the interactions between the
characters. The historical and social context of the play is also defined by the time
and place where it is set. The time period and the location in which the story is set,
affect the play’s staging. Costumes and makeup, the backgrounds and the furniture
used, the visuals (colors and kind of lighting), and the sound are among the
important elements of a play that dictate how the story is translated into a stage
performance.

Source:
https://www.rcboe.org/cms/lib/GA01903614/Centricity/Domain/5069/the%20elements%20of%20drama.pdf
6. Performance
It is another important element of drama, as the impact that a story has on the
audiences is largely affected by the performances of the actors. When a written play
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is transformed into a stage performance, the actors cast for different roles, the way
they portray the characters assigned to them, and the way their performances are
directed are some important factors that determine the play’s impact. Whether an
actor’s appearance (includes what he wears and how he carries himself on stage)
suits the role he is playing, and how well he portrays the character’s personality are
determinants of how well the play would be taken by the audiences. Different actors
may play the same roles in different renditions of a play. A particular actor/actress
in a certain role may be more or less accepted and appreciated than another actor in
the same role. As different actors are cast for different roles, their roles are more or
less appreciated depending on their performances. The stage performances of a play’s
characters, especially those in lead roles, directly affect the success and popularity
of a play.

7. Music
This element includes the use of sounds and rhythm in dialogs as well as music
compositions that are used in the plays. The background score, the songs, and the
sound effects used should complement the situation and the characters in it. The
right kind of sound effects or music, if placed at the right points in the story, act as
a great supplement to the high and low points in the play. The music and the lyrics
should go well with the play’s theme. If the scenes are accompanied by pieces of
music, they become more effective on the audiences.

8. Visual Element
While the dialog and music are the audible aspects of drama, the visual element
deals with the scenes, costumes, and special effects used in it. The visual element of
drama, also known as the spectacle, renders a visual appeal to the stage setup. The
costumes and makeup must suit the characters. Besides, it is important for the
scenes to be dramatic enough to hold the audiences to their seats. The special effects
used in a play should accentuate the portion or character of the story that is being
highlighted.

What I Have Learned

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Directions: Complete the table below.

ELEMENTS
Short Story Poem Drama

What I Can Do

Direction: Create a short story, a poem or a drama (choose only one) exemplifying
its respective elements.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.

Assessment 9

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Directions: Choose the letter of your answer.

1. It is the repetition of similar sounds in poetry.

A. rhyme C. rhythm
B. sound D. tone

2. Which of the following is NOT a category of conflict?

A. man vs. society C. man vs. self

B. man vs. nature D. man vs. knowledge

3. This element of drama includes the use of sounds and rhythm in dialogs as well
as compositions that are used in the plays.
A. visual element C. music
B. performance D. setting

4. The story of a play is taken forward by means of ________________.

A. characters C. songs
B. dialogues D. audiences

5. In poetry, ___________ is the patterned recurrence, within a certain range of

regularity, of specific language features, usually features of sound.

A. rhyme C. rhythm
B. sound D. tone

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Key Answer

References

https://www.rcboe.org/cms/lib/GA01903614/Centricity/Domain/5069/the%20ele
ments%20of%20drama.pdf

Http://www.homeofbob.com/literature/genre/poetry/elements.html

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Para sa mga katanungan o puna, sumulat o tumawag sa:

Department of Education – Region VI-Western Visayas

Duran St. Iloilo City Telefax: 033) 336-2816 (033) 509-7653
E-mail Address: region6@deped.gov.ph

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