Problem 7

The following data are observed from an I.C.E power plant: brake
torque, 1000 N-m; speed, 400 rpm; indicated thermal eff., 25%;
mechanical eff., 80%; water jacket loss, 30%. Determine:
a) Brake heat rate,
b) Indicated heat rate,
c) Gallons per min. of cooling water needed if temperature rise for the
coolant is 8⁰C.
Problem 7
Given: Required:

T= 1000 N-m=1kN-m a) BHR;

Speed = 400 rpm b) IHR;

𝑒𝐼 = 25% c) Vc in GPM if∆𝑇 = 8℃ = 8℉

(coolant is water)
𝜂𝑚 = 80%
% Water jacket loss = %
 Problem 7(a) BHR; so;
𝐼𝑃
𝐸𝐶 𝐸𝐶 𝑒𝐼 𝐼𝑃
𝐵𝐻𝑅 = ; 𝐵𝑃 = 𝐵𝐻𝑅 = =
𝐵𝑃 𝐵𝐻𝑅 𝐵𝑃 𝑒𝐼 𝑥 𝐵𝑃
also,
where;
1
𝐵𝑃 = 2𝜋𝑇 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝐵𝐻𝑅 = × 𝐶𝐹
𝑒𝐼 𝑥 𝜂𝑚
𝑟𝑒𝑣 1 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝐵𝑃 = 2𝜋 1𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚 400
𝑚𝑖𝑛 60𝑠 𝑘𝐽
where; 𝐶𝐹 = 3600
𝑘𝑊−ℎ𝑟
𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
𝐵𝑃 = 41.8879 𝑜𝑟 𝑘𝑊
𝑠
from; so,
𝐼𝑃 𝐼𝑃 𝑘𝐽
𝑒𝐼 = × 100% and 𝐸𝐶 = 3600
𝑘𝑊−ℎ𝑟
𝐸𝐶 𝑒𝐼 𝐵𝐻𝑅 =
0.25 (0.8)
also;
𝐵𝑃 𝐵𝑃 𝒌𝑱
𝜂𝑚 = × 100% and 𝐼𝑃 = 𝑩𝑯𝑹 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎
𝐼𝑃 𝜂𝑚 𝒌𝑾 − 𝒉𝒓
Problem 7(b) IHR;
𝐸𝐶 𝐸𝐶
𝐼𝐻𝑅 = and 𝐼𝑃 =
𝐼𝑃 𝐼𝐻𝑅

Note:
𝐼𝑃
𝑒𝐼 = × 100% ;
𝐸𝐶
𝐼𝑃
𝐸𝐶 = so,
𝑒𝐼
𝑘𝐽
1 3600 𝑘𝑊−ℎ𝑟
𝐼𝐻𝑅 = × 𝐶𝐹 =
𝑒𝐼 0.25

𝒌𝑱
𝑰𝑯𝑹 = 𝟏𝟒𝟒𝟎𝟎
𝒌𝑾 − 𝒉𝒓
 𝐸𝐶
If 𝐵𝐻𝑅 = ; 𝐸𝐶 = 𝐵𝐻𝑅 𝐵𝑃
Problem 7(c) V in GPM c
𝐸𝐶 =
𝐵𝑃

18000
kJ
41.8879kW
1hr
kW−hr 60mins

From I.C.E heat balance; 𝑄3 = 𝑚𝑐 𝑐𝑝𝑐 ∆𝑇𝑐 kJ

EC = 12566.37
where, min
So,
𝑐𝑝𝑐 = 𝑐𝑝𝐻2𝑂
so, kJ
𝑄3 = 0.3 12566.37
min
𝑄3
𝑚𝑐 = kJ
𝑐𝑝𝑐 ∆𝑇𝑐 𝑄3 = 3769.91
min
Where,
then,
𝑄3 kJ
3769.91min
%𝑄3 = × 100% 𝑚𝑐 = ;
𝐸𝐶 kJ
4.1868𝑘𝑔−𝐾 (8𝐾)
𝑄3 = %𝑄3 𝐸𝐶 𝑘𝑔
𝑚𝑐 = 112.553
𝑚𝑖𝑛
 If not given, nor can be calculated; then
Problem 7(c) V in GPM c
𝜌𝑐 = 𝜌𝐻 2𝑂 = 1000
𝑘𝑔
𝑚3

𝑚𝑐 𝑚𝑐 hence,
but, 𝜌 = ; 𝑣𝑐 =
𝑣𝑐 𝜌

where; 𝑘𝑔
112.553
𝑣𝑐 = 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝜌𝑐 = 𝜌𝐻 2𝑂 𝑘𝑔3
1000 𝑚

additional note:
𝑚3 3.283 𝑓𝑡 3 7.48𝑔𝑎𝑙
𝑣𝑐 = 0.1212533
• If T is given, 𝜌𝑐 or 𝜌𝐻 2𝑂 (if coolant is H2O); 𝑚𝑖𝑛 1𝑚3 1𝑓𝑡 3
must be based on 𝑇𝑐𝑖𝑛
hence, 𝒈𝒂𝒍
𝒗𝒄 = 𝟐𝟗. 𝟕𝟎𝟖𝟓 𝒐𝒓 𝑮𝑷𝑴
1 𝒎𝒊𝒏
• 𝜌𝑐 = ; 𝑣𝑐 = 𝑣𝑓 @ 𝑇𝑐𝑖𝑛 (from steam table)
𝑣𝑐
m 3