TARAS SHEVCHENKO NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF KYIV

FACULTY OF PHYSICS

ESP EXAM
NAZARII TKACH
4th year student of Bachelor degree,
Specialty 104 "Physics and Astronomy", educational program “Physics”,
specialization "Quantum Computers, Computing and Information"

DECEMBER, 2022
 • Theme “Making measurements (length, volume, density/ GPS
technology”)

• 10 KEY WORDS – 5 POINTS

interference, GPS, location, navigation, trilateration, satellites, signals,
time, tracking, tsunami.
• TEXT (400-500 WORDS) – 10 POINTS

GPS stands for Global Positioning System by which anyone can always obtain the
position and time information anywhere in the world. So it is a navigation system
using satellites, a receiver and algorithms to synchronize location, velocity and
time data for air, sea and land travel.
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In each of these examples there a big role of scientist. They have found ways to
tweak an existing technology to learn even more about the world. And not only
that, but they’ve made a lot of progress by looking at GPS interference. They have
taken what’s usually considered a problem and turned it to our advantage. And
now using GPS we can solve different problems, starting with navigation,
and finishing with some science research.

• TRANSLATION OF 10 SENTENCES, THAT HAVE KEY WORDS. –

5 POINTS
1) GPS stands for Global Positioning System by which anyone can
always obtain the position and time information anywhere in the world.
GPS – це система глобального позиціонування, за допомогою якої
будь-хто може отримати інформацію про місцезнаходження та час
у будь-якій точці світу.
2) GPS was an advancement of the 20th century made possible by space-
age technology.
GPS виник в 20 столітті, що стало можливо завдяки
результатам технологій космічної ери.
3)
4)
5)
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10) So, by looking for that interference, GPS units might be able to
detect tsunamis while they are still out at sea, just by looking at the air.
Отже, розглядаючи інтерференцію, GPS пристрої можуть виявити
цунамі, поки вони ще в морі, просто дивлячись на повітря.
PUT 10 QUESTIONG TO THE TRANSLATED SENTENCES OF
DIFFERENT TYPES (YES/NO QUESTIONS, ALTERNATIVE,
SPECIAL (WH-QUESTIONS), DISJUNCTIVE). – 10 POINTS
1) What is GPS?
2) Why was GPS an advancement of the 20th century?
3) What is the minimum number of satellites needed to find your exact
location using GPS?
4) Is Trilateration a mathematical technique which is used to determine user
position, speed and elevation?
5) What time signals does the GPS receiver compare?
6) What kind of information does a GPS satellite transmit to the
GPS receiver?
7) What data does this device need to find our location?
 8) Scientists can use GPS to help predict how bad a tsunami might be,
can't they?
9) What is the cause of signal interference?
10) Might GPS units be able to detect tsunamis while they are still out at
sea, just by looking at the air or by figuring out?
• PUT 10 OPEN AND CLOSED QUESTIONS TO THE TEXT– 10
POINTS
1) What does a global positioning system GPS do?
2) When did GPS become global?
3) How does GPS trilateration work?
4) How many times does satellite circle the Earth each day?
5) How many satellites are needed for accurate location?
6) Why do ground and satellites atomic clocks need to be synchronized?
7) Does GPS need data?
8) How are GPSs used in everyday life?
9) Can you name some specific and may be unexpected examples of
GPS use cases?
10) What is the cause of interference in GPS theory of predicting tsunamis?

• PUT 10 LOT AND HOT QUESSTIONS -10 POINTS

Knowledge LOT What does GPS stand for?

Does trilateration collect signals from satellites to
output location information?
What is GPS theory
Comprehension/ LOT What is the main idea of GPS theory?
Understanding
Application LOT What are 5 main Applications of GPS? How do
they work?
Analyses LOT Why are satellites orbits organized in such a way
that we can see at least four from nearly every point
on Earth at any one moment of time?
What is the function of the 4-th satellite? Why is
this function important?
Analyses LOT What is the future of GPS technology?
Analyses LOT How do GPS receivers use time to determine the
distance from the satellites?
Evaluation HOT Based on what you have learned how would you
explain the effectiveness of the usage of the device
to find our longitude, latitude and altitude?
Evaluation HOT What judgment would you make on the using of
the GPS technology to predict tsunami?
 Syntheses/ HOT How can GPS technology of predicting tsunamis be
Creating adapted to predicting the earthquakes?
Syntheses/ HOT What would you recommend to increase the
Creating accuracy of GPS measurements?
TOTAL: 50 points

• RESOURCES

1. NIST(NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND

TECHNOLOGY) – How Do you Measure your location using GPS? Режим
доступу: https://www.nist.gov/how-do-you-measure-it/how-do-you-
measure-your-location-using-gps

2. Lifewire tech for humans – what is Trilateration? Режим доступу:

https://www.lifewire.com/trilateration-in-gps-1683341
3. Global Positioning system history – NASA, GEOTAB. Режим доступу:
https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/heo/scan/communications/policy/GPS_Hi
story.htmlhttps://www.geotab.com/blog/what-is-gps/\4.
4. Blewitt Geoffrey. GPS for real-time earthquake source determination and
tsunami warning systems /Geoffrey Blewitt, William C. Hammond ,Corné
Kreemer ,Hans-Peter Plag Seth Stein, Emile Okal./Received: 4 April 2008 /
Accepted: 21 August 2008. © Springer-Verlag 2008. Режим доступу:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225165381_GPS_for_real-
time_earthquake_source_determination_and_tsunami_warning_systems

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Appendices