11. A.run B. cruise C. package D. ticket 12. A. flight B. sail C. voyage D. travel 13. A. long B. away C. further D. distant 14. A. going B. departure C. exit D. holiday 15. A. check B. register C. book D. go 157 ALFRED NOBEL When we hear the name Nobel, we immediately think of the Nobel Prizes. But Alfred Nobel, the (1) of the awards, was also a great (2) and (3) 3 Born in 1933 in Sweden, Nobel studied first in Russia and then (4) to the US where he studied mechanical (5) . Afterwards, he returned to Sweden to work with his father. Gradually, they made (6) in explosives. Nobel (7) out how to work safely with nitroglycerine, a very dangerous and explosive (8) » His invention later became known (9) dynamite. Nobel continued throughout his life to (10) improvements in the field of explosives. He eventually owned (11) explosives factories around the world and became very wealthy. Alfred Nobel was a man of great (12) . When he died he left a wonderful gift to the world: the Nobel Prizes. Each year these prizes are (13) to scientists, inventors and other (14) people for their great (15) to the world. 1. A.creator B. holder C. discoverer D. receiver 2, A.philosophy — B. engine C. scientist D. production 3. A-direction _B. inventor C. maker D. invention 4. A.transferred _ B. visited ©. joined D. emigrated 5. Avengineering B. producing _C. developing D. creating 6. A.directions B. movements _C. motions D. advances 7. A. solved B. figured C. granted D. introduced 8. A. shape B. form C. substance D. body 9. A by B. as ©. with D. for 10. A. do B, have ©. take D. make 11. A.numerical B, numerate _C. numerous D. numbered 12. A.achievement B. advantage _C. situation D. incident 13. A. suggested _B. designed C. awarded D. implanted 14. A.developed _B. creative C. interested D. manageable 15. A.involvement B. development C. manufacturing _D. contribution 158 DECORATING A TEENAGER’S BEDROOM In the past, the children of the household had very (1) choice in the way their bedrooms were decorated. The fact that families had many (2) children than they do now was an important consideration. This meant that there was not (3) money 122available to pay for more than the basics ~ paint or wallpaper. Add to this the fact that children of differing ages - and tastes - had to share a room and it is easy to see why, when it (4) to decorating, not much thought was put into the job. Times change, however, and now the amount spent on home decorating and DIY is 6) at over 8 billion a year. Families have (6) greater spending power and children have more of a voice; in other words, parents have to take notice (7) what they want. What has become very clear is that most teenagers are aware of the latest (8) and they really do have a very good idea of the way they want their personal space decorated. It is then up to their parents to help them achieve the ® they want. Money is still going to be a consideration - (10) of course, you have recently (a) into a fortune. But there is a wide range of materials to choose from and it really does pay to (12) around. There are (13) available throughout the year, so it can be done quite (14) . Parents may argue that their child’s choices are not appropriate, but it is the teenager who has to live with it, not them. After all, if the teenager (15) for a colour or a material that the parent considers impractical, this can always be discussed! 1. A. few B. little ©. poor D. bad -2. A. more B. extra C. lots D. of 3. Aany B. some C. more D. much 4, A.went B. said C. came D. became 5. A. claimed B.considered _C. guessed D. estimated 6. A. created B. given C. acquired D. made 7. A.to B.of C. about D. from 8. A. models B. news ©. trends D. sales 9. A. look B. view C. aspect D. sight 10. A. and B. but Oat D. unless 11. A. come B. gone C. spent D. inherited 12. A. buy B, shop © sell D. study 13. A.purchases _B. incomes C. bargains D. markets 14. A.financially B. economically —_C. commercially _D. profitably 15. A. goes B, chooses C. thinks D. decides 159 THE CIRCUS Everybody loves the circus. For almost 300 years, across Europe, Russia and America, children of all ages have been (1) by the animals and acrobats of the circus, ‘The first circus was (2) in England in 1769 by Philip Astley, who performed horse-riding stunts for a small (3) . He then travelled throughout Europe and established circuses in many other countries. The circuses usually took place in outdoor areas in a circle or a ring (4) by (5) . The performers (6) their audiences with exciting acrobatic acts and horse-riding (7) 123Circuses as we know them today are (8) displays — sometimes with several tents - of wild animals and (9) acrobatics. The facilities consist of tents with shows taking place at the same time, the (10) both amusing and (11) their audiences. Some of the most (12) circuses in history which continue to be extremely (13) today include the American Barnum & Bailey Ringling Brothers Circus, which (14) itself “The Greatest Show on Earth,” the Canadian Cirque du Soleil, the Moscow Circus and Billy Smart’s Circus of London. Millions of people (15) them around the world each year. 1. A. appealed B. enjoyed C. entertained _D. laughed 2. A.set B. founded C. constructed _D. manufactured 3. A. audience B. guest. C. cast D. viewer 4. A. taken B. surrounded _ C. organised D. restricted 5. A. crowds B. hosts C. spectators D. characters 6. A. thrilled B. informed C. concerned D. kicked 7. A. theatres B. plays C. stages D. performances 8. A. infinite B. massive C. eternal D. awful 9. A. infuriated B. surprised C. incapable D. remarkable 10. A. guests B. athletes C. performers _D. producers ll. A. frightening B. talking C. acting D. showing 12. A. known B. infamous C. notorious D. famous 13. A. popular B. accepted C. common D. regular 14. A. says B. calls C. names D. tells 15. A. go B. stay C. take D. attend 160 HOLIDAYS IN SOUTH CAROLINA Roaring across the bay in a motorised rubber boat, we were told by the captain to keep our eyes open. With the engine (1) , it wasn’t long before half a dozen dolphins came swimming around us. Eventually, two came up (2) beside the boat and popped their heads out of the water to give us a wide grin. Dolphin watching is just one of the many unexpected attractions of a holiday in South Carolina, in the USA. The state has long been popular with golfers and, with dozens of (3) in the area, it is (4) a golfer’s paradise. But even the keenest golfer needs other diversions and'we soon found the resorts had plenty to (5) In fact, Charleston, which is midway along the (6) , is one of the most interesting cities in America and is where the first shots in-the Civil War were (7) Taking & guided horse and carriage tour through the quiet back streets you get a real (8) of the city’s past. Strict regulations (9) to buildings so that original (10) are preserved South of Charleston lies Hilton Head, an island resort about 18 km long and (11) like a foot. It has a fantastic sandy beach (12) the length of the island 124and this is perfect for all manner of water sports. (13) , if you feel like doing nothing, (14) a chair and umbrella, head for an open (15) and just sit back and watch the pelicans diving for fish. 1. A.turnedout B. turned away C. turned off D. turned over 2. A. right B. direct C. precise D. exact 3. A. courts B. pitches C. grounds D. courses 4. A. fully B. truly C. honestly D. purely 5. A.show B. provide C. supply D. offer 6. A. beach B. sea C. coast D. shore 7. A. fired B. aimed C. pulled D. thrown 8. Avsignificance B. meaning C. comprehension _D. sense 9. A. happen B. apply C. agree D. occur 10. A. points B. characters C. features D. aspects 11. A. shaped B. formed C, made D. moulded 12. A. lying B, following C. going D. running 13. A. Alternately B. Alternatively C. Contrastingly _D. Conversely 14. A. hire B. lend C. charge D. loan 15. A. gap B. room ©. space D. place 161 ALTERNATIVE HOLIDAYS The (1) of exotic holidays is not new. (2) and other travel packages to tropical locations have long been popular and are more (3) now than ever. (4) are increasingly (5) in doing something different and want more exciting (6) so tour companies have responded with a new (7) of options, including African safaris. Going on safari is a totally (8) form of holiday. (9) by a safari guide, groups travel into the African wilderness to (10) close up the (11) of the wild. (12) species, which are (13) seen outside the zoo, provide a great (14) . Safaris aren’t for everyone, however — especially those who are easily (15) 1. A. concept B. context C. brainchild _D. perfection 2 A. Decks B. Cabins C. Cruises D. Traffic 3 A. affordable B. sensitive C. logical D. effective 4 A, Guides B. Spectators C. Guests D. Holidaymakers 5 A. devoted B. interested —_C. keen D. capable 6 A. journey B. trip C. travel D. movement 7 A.collection B. mixture C. combination D. range 8 Avsingular B. sole ©. unique D. lone 9 A.Accompanied _ B. Delayed C. Accepted D. Developed 10 A. experiment B. experience C. attempt D. allow 12511. A. scare B. fright C. trauma D. thrill 12 A.Enyironmental B. Endangered C. Extinct D. Obsolete 13 A. gradually B. frequently C. only D. rarely 14 A. attraction B. event C. show D. invitation 15 A. tempted B. frightened C. disgusted _D. horrified 162 THE RADIO While the television (1) is increasingly becoming the focal point of our living rooms, it would be easy to (2) that its older relative, the radio is still there. But in the rush to turn (3) the TV and feast our eyes on all those fantastic visual (4) , We are missing out on a valuable (5) of communication. The radio has all the talk (6) ___, comedies, dramas and news (7) that the television has, and more besides. Late night shows:have (8) presenters to keep you awake or send you to sleep, depending on your needs. Hard-hitting reporters 9) the hot items of the day with politicians and (10) in specialised areas. And behind the (11) there are researchers and editors making sure you get the (12) up-to-date information. With the new generation of digital radio about to enter our homes (13) satellite, radio is sure to (14) to our lives well into the future. The radio of tomorrow will guarantee perfect (15) and more choice of programme. 1. A.studio B. box C. channel D. set 2. A. insist B. notice C. forget D. suggest 3. A.up B. on C. off D. down 4, A. images B. pictures C. appearances _D. looks 5. A. way B. direction C. approach D. means 6. A. events B. discussions C. shows. D. performances 7. A. episodes B. bulletins C. documentaries D. breaks 8. A. likeable B. personal C. likely D. presentable 9. A. converse B. discuss C. correspond D. enthuse 10. A.directors _ B. operators C. geniuses D. experts 11. A. scenes B. shots C. films D. camera 12. A. soonest B. greatest C. latest D. biggest 13. A. under B. via C. from D. in 14. A. give B. donate C. contribute D. lend 15. A. recital B. receipt C. recipe D. reception 163 SPORT - A WAY OF LIFE Many people follow their interest in sport well beyond the occasional game in the park. Some remain (1) forever while others become professionals. In both cases, 126athletes dedicated to the sporting life make a lot of (2) in their personal lives and they (3) enormous challenges. Many start out alone, but end up joining a (4) and hiring a (5) . With a little luck, their hard work will (6) off! Every serious athlete must establish a (7) of regular workouts and practice. This (8) will help the athlete improve his or her abilities and (9) for the future. Athletes must take care to (10) themselves in their workout in order to steer clear of injury and fatigue. This also helps them to avoid (11) in a real game or competition. A lucky few will be awarded a professional (12) one day. Although the professional life may (13) glamorous, it is also very (14) and is really only for those who are (15) to a life of sports! 1. A. volunteers B. champions C. amateurs D. athletes 2. A. sacrifices B. practices C. suggestions —_D. resentment 3. A. devote B. earn C. focus D. take on 4, A.performance _ B. club C. activity D. session 5. A. rival B. referee C. leader D. coach 6. A. pay B. run ©. give D. take 7. A. design B. custom C. routine D. tradition 8. A. learning B. teaching C. testing D. training 9. A.events B, prospects C. actions D. 10. A. compete B. speed C. race D. 11. A. loss B. defeat C. beating D. 12. A. contract B. context C. contest D. 13. A. view B. appear ©. watch D. 14. A. begging B. requesting C.demanding _D. asking 15. A. devoted B. focused C. keen D. determined 164 CIVIL SERVANTS In countries around the world, there are literally millions of people who work for the national and (1) government. From the post office to the office of the President, civil servants keep the government's (2) running. Many people would like to go for a civil service (3) and for good reason. Government (4) usually enjoy a variety of (5) including health (6) , paid holiday leave and (7) funds. They have good annual (8) , are always paid extra for doing (9) and are sometimes even rewarded with bonuses for making useful (10) ! Civil service jobs are usually (11) ; rarely are workers (12) redundant. (13) who apply for a (14) in the civil service must (15) in an application form and pass an examination before they can be selected and appointed to a job. 1271. A topical B. nearby C. close D. local 2. A. officers B. services C. franchises D. research 3. A. career B. occupation C. accommodation D. commission 4. Avassistants _ B. bosses C. applicants D. employees 5. A. investments B, debts C. benefits D. experiences 6. A. wages B. service C. royalties D. insurance 7. Avrichness _ B. pension C. wealth D. fortune 8 Asalaries —_B. takings C. winnings D. gifts 9. A. gigs B. functions C. overtime D. work 10. A. profits B. suggestions C. performances _D. ideas ll. A.permanent B. straightforward C. temporary D. freelance 12. A. taken B. done C. made D. forced 13. A. Applicants _ B. Strikers C. Trainees D. Managers 14. A. movement _ B. location C. motion D. position 15. A. write B. complete ©. fil D. sign 165 CHILD PRODIGIES Occasionally a young child with very advanced (1) abilities is admitted to university. These children are of course (2) » or child prodigies. Typically, they begin their (3) studies at university before they are fifteen years old. After finishing their first (4) ~ they usually (6) it in a year or two — they continue to do (6) studies in a specialised field of medicine or science. Many of these talented youngsters receive (7) from very prestigious (8) institutions to help pay for their studies. Some of the older students dislike being (9) in seminars with a child prodigy. They (10) it rather annoying when someone so young (11) at the subject 80 easily while they (12) over their courses. Others, however, benefit from the experience of (13) their subject with a child prodigy. The (14) who run the seminars, however, generally enjoy having such gifted (15) ! 1. A.co-educational B. illiterate C. academic __D.. theoretical 2 A. geniuses B. instructors C. coaches D. lecturers 3. A. comprehensive B. public C. prep D. undergraduate 4. A skill B. degree C. certificate D. qualification 5. A. get down B.work out. sail through _D. set out 6. A. apprentice B. postgraduate C. technical —_D. practical 7. A. licences B. schedules _C. services D. scholarships 8. A-educational _B. learning C. instructive D. training 9. A reviewed B. assessed ©. taught D. reported 10. A. find B, search C. seek D. seem 11. A. achieves B. experiences _C. enjoys D. excels 12812. A. hesitate B. agonise C. reflect D. study 13. A. discussing B, chatting C. talking D. arguing 14. A. markers B. trainers C. tutors D. examiners 15. A. trainees B. employees C. apprentices D. students 166 SPORT IN PRISON For all the arguments about prison, there is no getting (1) from the fact that it exists. Once the judge and (2) have done their job, we have to (3) thousands of men and women occupied until they are (4) Sport is ideal (5) prisoners for many reasons. Being (6) punishes people by taking away their freedom; just because someone gets in (7) _ with the law, we have no (8) to take away their health as well. Secondly, the (9) that you feel when you are (10) up for a long prison (11) can make you very anti-social and aggressive. The (12) thing we want is for people to come out (13) ten years, or even ten months, and (14) up the first person they see. Sport provides a way of controlling that (15) i 1. A-away B, out C. back D. far 2. A. panel B. team C. jury D. board 3. A. hold B. store C. preserve D. keep 4. A. abandoned B. remanded C. released D. charged 5. A.to B. for C. in D. with 6. A. inwards B. indoors C. internal D. inside 7. A.mess B. trouble C. worry D. trial 8. A. right B. fairness C, justice D. demand 9. A. uniqueness B. remoteness C. isolation D. individuality 10. A. keyed B. broken C. closed D. locked 11. A. contract B. experience C. sentence D. course 12. A. best B, last C. final D. terminal 13. A. after B. before C. during D. over 14, A. hit B. beat, C. mug D. fight 15. A. crime B. opportunity —_C. assault D. violence 167 GET AHEAD OF THAT HEADACHE! Millions of people (1) from headaches. It’s a fact. What millions of people do not know is what causes them. Headaches are (2) with all kinds of health problems as well as your being under a lot of (3) . Certain (4) like coffee can react badly with the chemical balance in our bodies and give us (5) headache as well. ‘The best thing to do if your head hurts is to (6) an aspirin, right? Wrong! You could be doing the worst thing possible because you are not (7) with the 129problem — only (&:) the symptoms. And those people who think that painkillers can’t do you any (9) are also wrong. Medical science has proved that, if we keep taking the tablets, they will soon (10) as a “trigger” and, instead of curing your headache, they will (11) you worse. So what do you do (12) your head start to throb? Breathe deeply. It may be that you are not (13) enough oxygen. Then, you (14) try massaging the side of your head with your fingers. And close your eyes. Often your eyes are very tired, and the best (15) for tiredness is sleep. 1. Adie B. suffer C. ache D. pain 2. A. associated B. caused C. produced D. based 3. A. fear B. worry C. stress D. anxiety 4. A. materials B. substances C. vitamins D. drugs 5. A.some B. one C. more D.a 6. A. take B. drink C. eat D. put 7. A. solving B. removing C. dealing D. treating 8. A.re-living B. relieving C. resolving D. reducing 9. A. badness B. negativity C. harm D. illness 10. A. act B. perform C. look D. treat 11. A. diagnose B. do C. create D. make 12. A. were B. should C. it D. whether 13. A. digesting B. nibbling C. getting D. plucking 14, A. must B. ought C. shall D. could 15. A. cure B. check-up C. prescription _D. clinic 168 SPREADING THE WORD When Hotmail was (1) up in 1996, it was not the huge success that it is today. But on every e-mail sent (2) Hotmail, there was a line at the bottom saying, “Get your private, free e-mail at hotmail.com,” providing them (3) a free advertisement. This simple idea soon paid (4) and Hotmail went from strength to (5) . ICQ, which (6) for “I seek you” was an instant messaging service that (7) off in a similar way and made a (8) . The popularity of ICQ spread because users recommended it to their friends so that they could have people to chat to online, The (9) majority of Internet users tried it and it was eventually taken (10) by Netscape so (11) to control their competition. ‘These are examples of what is known as “viral” communication — so called because the message spreads like a virus. It used to be (12) that Rolls Royce never needed to advertise - despite (13) high cost of the luxury cars - because owners were more than happy to tell their friends and neighbours how satisfied they were. Nowadays, if you are (14) to the Internet, the word can be spread in a (15) second and, within aday, you might have indirectly communicated with millions of people. 1301. Avestablished —_B. laid C. begun D. set 2. A. into B. via C. inside D. along 3. A. with B. to C. for D. towards 4.. A-up B. back C. off D. for 5. A. power B. energy C. force D. strength 6. A.sounds B. stands C. looks D. represents 7. A. took B. set C. let D. gave 8. A. wealth B. treasure C. fortune D. prosperity 9. A. vast B. huge C. immense D. big 10. A. round B. over C. under D. down 11. A. that B. because C. as D. much 12. A. said B. spoken C. explained D. repeated 13. A. very B. its Ca D. the 14. A. associated B. connected C. joined D. downloaded 15. A. divided B. half ©. split D. fraction 169 HOW TO WRITE A BLOCKBUSTER Ifyou have ever finished reading the latest blockbuster and thought that you could have done better, consider (1) the following techniques. Before you settle upon your subject (2) market. If period dramas are (3) a comeback, for example, consider that. genre but with a unique (4) . Start by looking around you — in newspapers, on TV — for stories and characters. Choose a genre and topic you feel comfortable with. (5) research will add to the strength and depth of your writing and help you (6) more confidence. Read (7) history books, biographies and travelogues to immerse yourself in your chosen period and (8) , be canny and examine the current Once you have formulated your characters, possible storylines and locations, start to sketch out (9) dialogues and (10) . Only then should you set (11) writing the novel. Once the novel is completed, you must find an agent. Many (12) publishers will only consider submissions via an (13) agent and will largely ignore unsolicited books. Again, research is the key. Look for an agent that (14) your genre and style. Finally, do not forget that the book has to be marketed once it is published, so you, the author, will become one of the novel’s Unique Selling Points. It helps if you and the book have a good story (15) you too. 1. A-accepting _B. making C. adopting _D. doing 2. A. theme B. issue C. topic D. matter 3. A taking B, making C.having _D. doing 4. A.turn B. spin C. twist D. spiral 5. A.Thorough — B. Full C. Complete D. Entire 6. A. become B. win ©. gain D. grow 131plants, but my dad’s a botanist by (2) and he was going as assistant to Professor Beall, who was leading the expedition. It was an important international expedition and my name was (3) not on the list of participants. But at the (4) moment, one of the experts broke his ankle and so had to (5) out. It was impossible to get anyone else to go at such (6) notice, so my dad suggested taking me, for the experience. I think the professor was so surprised that he agreed without thinking, but he obviously began to (7) doubts as soon as the plane was in the air. I remember him (8) that he hoped I wasn’t going to run around and (9) on rare specimens! As if I was a little kid. My dad didn’t say anything as bad as that, but he did say that he hoped he wasn’t going to (10) bringing me. I tried to be really quiet so they would forget I was there. They didn’t realise it at the (11) .but my ambition was to get a photo of a wild panda. And, of course, in the end that’s (12) what I did. iL: A. interested B. keen. C. fascinated D. fond 2 A.work B. profession _C. job D. employment 3. A.definitely B. completely. particularly _D, confidently 4. A late B. final C. end D. last 5. A. fall B. slip C. drop D. step 6. A. quick B. brief C. fast D. short 7. A.see B. have C.do D. feel & Avspeaking _ B. telling ©. talking D. saying 9. A. tread B. spoil C. squash D. ruin 10. A-discourage B. disappoint _C. regret D. apologise 11. A. minute B. time C. event D. point 12. A. exactly B. correctly G. perfectly D. accurately 434 ASSISTANT TO THE STARS It stands to (1) that a city like Los Angeles, which is home to the rich and famous, is also where you (2) the Association of Celebrity Personal Assistants (ACPA). Celebrity personal assistants are a unique group among Hollywood professionals. (3) the lawyers and agents who rub shoulders with the stars and 4) millions, personal assistants (PAs) are not paid well. They typically earn about $56,000 a year which, (5) their round-the-clock obligations, isn’t much by Hollywood standards. As for the job description, it’s also (6) from glamorous. Responsibilities include (7) laundry, fetching groceries and paying bills. So what’s the attraction? One celebrity PA says, “I don’t (8) myself a vain or superficial person, but it would be (9) to say that we all don’t like being close to someone’s that’s powerful.” But not everyone is qualified for the job. Rita Tateel teaches would-be assistants to the stars and begins her lessons with some (10) truths: “You must be in good health at all times, because you are (11) a 337celebrity’s life. If you get sick their life can’t just stop. And you need to be flexible and able to (12) in all kinds of hours. You have to be a can-do person. If there’s one word that celebrities don’t want to hear, that word is ‘no’.” 1. Avdiscussion _B. truth C.argument —_D. reason 2. A. look B. find C. search D. see 3. A. Despite B. Similarly C. However D. Unlike 4. A. take B. make C. pay D. give 5. A. being B. received C. given D. spend 6. A far B. just C. such D. still 7. A. making B. fixing C. having D. doing 8. A. consider B. know C. describe D. think 9. A.lie B. honest C. wrong D. true 10. A. hard B. such C. advice D. heavy 11. A. dealing B. running C. getting D. working 12. A. take B, put ©. get D. adapt 435 FORMULA FOR CAREER SUCCESS “Since the end of January I haven't eaten any chocolate,” Lisa Lilley says proudly. This isn’t (1) to her job as technology manager in Shell’s Formula One team, but it tells us about how she works. Her team-mates, most of whom are men, challenged her to (2) up chocolate and she has done it. This (3) is partly responsible for Lilley’s rise to a (4) role with Ferrari. The most exciting (5) of the job is working at the races. Last year she attended her first one at Imola, the Italian track that hosts the San Marino Grand Prix, (6) famous red suit and ear defenders for the first time, an (7) that left her nearly lost for words: “It’s an incredible feeling to be part of a phenomenal team.” Something she'd first seen as a career (8) has become a passion. “I became enthusiastic through work. I never had a big interest in it before, but now when I’m not at a race I watch it on TV.” But what is it like working in such a male-dominated environment? “I don’t notice it,” she says. “The Ferrari team have (9) me feel so welcome. Because I have a technical role at the track it wouldn’t matter whether I was male or female; you have to gain respect for (10) good at your job.” Next year she will (11) about 200 nights away from home with the team. “At the moment, I’m loving it. The Ferrari team is like an extended (12) ” she says. 1. A. part B. connected —_C. defined D. described 2 A give B. resign C. eat D. put 3. A. food B. taste C. determination _D. intelligence 4. A simple B. crucial C. position D. heavy 5. A way B. piece C. quality D. part 6. A.changing _B. buying C. wearing D. showing7. Avexperience B. qualification _C. application D. interest 8. A. job B. chance C. position D. opportunity 9. Ahad B. did ©. made D. were 10. A. being B. staying C. applying D. wanting 11. A. move B. spend C. drive D. work 12. Ainterview B. partnership. life D. family 436 The Go Between by LP. Hartley is my (1) short novel. It is the story of @ innocence, and the tragic love affair of people (3) a social divide. The (4) character is a young boy called Leo, a pupil at a private school. During the long, hot summer of 1900 he goes to (5) a rich classmate called Marcus at his family’s magnificent country house. He immediately develops a (6) crush on Marcus’s elder sister, Marian. When Marcus falls ill, Leo is bored and Marian oO) him deliver love letters to a farmer called Ted. Their meetings have to be secret (8) to Ted’s lower social position. (9) Marian is engaged to be married to a gentleman, poor Leo is used by the couple whose secret is finally revealed with the (10) tragic consequences. The tale is narrated half a century later by a now (11) Leo, whose chance of happiness disappeared forever after those terrible events. Not (12) is the book a wonderful tale, but it was adapted into a haunting film directed by Joseph Losey. 1. A-favourite —_B. best C. most D. quite 2. A.gone B. disappeared —_C. lost D. vanished 3. A. across B. over C. between D. from 4, A. primary B. great ©. most D. main 5. A.stay B. visit C. keep D. maintain 6. Avhopeless —_B. useless C. helpless D. helpful 7. A. makes B, engages C. employs D. retains 8 A.according —_B. because C. owed D. due 9. A. While B. Although C. Moreover D. Yet 10. A. very B. many C. most D. extremely 11. A. ancient B. vintage ©. elderly D. antique 12. A.all B. yet C. again D. only 437 The government released (1) figures for last year. Overall, the statistics show a fall in violent street crime (2) as mugging. A police (3) said that the number of arrests for robbery (4) also increased. They also claimed that their work with local shop owners had reduced cases (5) shoplifting and vandalism. However, (6) -based crime continues to rise with 20% more cases 339than ever of hackers breaking (7) files to access personal data on customers. George Maynard, a software analyst specialising (8) computer security, believes this trend is unlikely to change in the near future. “Hacking is here to stay and is potentially public (9) number one.” Finally, the figure attracting most attention is the inereased (10) to the rich and famous. The huge (11) attention given to millionaire celebrities has meant their (12) have become obvious targets for kidnappers. 1. A. detective B. police C. number D. crime 2. A.such B. with C. like D. so. 3. A.criminal _B. minister__C. speaker D. spokesperson 4. Ais B. has Cc. will D. was 5. A. from B. in C.to D. of 6. A. robber B.computer _C. internationally D. password 7. A.outof B. off C. into D. up 8 Ain B. with ©. for D. of 9. A. against B. terrorist C. enemy D. crime 10. A. threat B. rise C. problem D. stealing 11. A. special B. media C. interest D. burglar 12. A. children B. possession C. houses D. accounts 438 TELEPATHY DOES EXIST CLAIMS CAMBRIDGE SCIENTIST Many people have had the experience of getting a telephone call from someone just as they were thinking about them. Now a new study suggests that might (1) be down purely to coincidence. Scientist Dr Rupert Sheldrake says he has performed tests into telephone telepathy which show 45 per cent of the time people can correctly (2) who is ringing them. This is much higher odds than if it was due to (3) alone, he claimed. However his research has sparked (4) controversy in the scientific (5) . Dr Rupert Sheldrake receives funding to investigate unexplained ) from Trinity College in Cambridge. He (7) to his critics, saying “By far the most common kind of telepathy in the modern world occurs in connection with telephone calls ~ when you think of someone for no apparent reason and then they ring and you say ‘what a (8) . Lwas just thinking about you.” For his experiments, four volunteers were told they would get a call and were asked to predict which of the four was calling them before they picked (9) the phone. Although only four people were used, they repeated the test more than 270 times. He found that they correctly (10) the caller 45% of the time. But scientists and sceptics of the (11) have questioned the reliability of the work. Professor Peter Atkins, tutor in Physical Chemistry at the University of Oxford, said “Work in this field is a complete waste (12) time.” 3401. A.could B. also C. not D. never 2. Aask B. speculate C. wonder D. guess 3. A. chance B. opportunity __C. risk D. possibility 4. Aof B.on ©. off D. out 5. A. group B. community — C. locality D. people 6. A.nature B. questions _C. flying objects. __D. phenomena 7. A-disagreed B. responded _C. attacked D. speculated 8. Avhilarious —_B. funny ©. laughter D. coincidence 9. A.up B. out C.on D. off 10 A.lookedup B. predicted —C. found D. answered 11 A. unidentified B. hoax C. abnormal D. paranormal 12 A.of B. for C.in D. with 439 BE SMART WHILE SHOPPING ONLINE Sitting in (1) of a computer screen can certainly be faster and less stressful than looking for a (2) space and fighting your way through crowds (3) fellow shoppers. But is online shopping safer? Many (4) still seem to have some hesitation when it comes to online shopping, but authorities say it has in many ways become more secure than (5) purchases at an actual store. After all, every time you use a credit card in a store you 6) someone all your personal details and financial information. Experts advise that online (7)___ may now be better protected than traditional shoppers, especially if they follow a few useful (8) . First of all, use one credit card for all (9) so if someone does use it illegally, only one card is affected. Next, be careful that you are on the site of a real company. Some thieves have (10) websites that look like the real thing just to get your information and money. The best. way to check if a site is real is to (11) for the v, which stands for secure, in the “https” part of the website address bar at the top of your browser. The final thing you can do to (12) safe while shopping online is to always make sure the computer being used has a firewall and up-to-date antivirus software. 1. A.next B, behind C. front D. beside 2. Acar B. large ©. blank D. parking 3. Ain B. of C. along D. at 4. A. police B.shop assistants _C. clients D. consumers 5. A.giving B, paying C. making D. doing 6. Agive B. write C. pay D. copy 7. A.websites —_B. customers ©. goods D. addresses 8 A tips B. advice C. ideas D. discounts 9. Abargains — B. purchases C. offers D. deliveries 10. A. visited B, bought C.:et up 1), accessed ll. A. click B. pay C..ind L. look 12. A.stay B, make ©. have D. protect 341440 A legend which continues to fascinate us is that of the island of Atlantis which was lost, never to re-appear. The disappearance of the island, wiped (1) from one day to the next, would have mystified and terrified its neighbours. The story, passed down from the (2) Egyptians, eventually reached the philosopher Plato (427- 347 BC), who (3) _____ of the catastrophic disappearance of an island empire, inhabited by wealthy and sophisticated people. Different locations have been (4) as possible sites; the most (5) __ candidate is the island of Santorini in the Aegean sea. Thera, as it was called in the Bronze (6) , was a developed Minoan civilisation originating in Crete. This civilisation would have (7) probably controlled much of the eastern Mediterranean. In 1630 BC, a massive eruption and earthquake produced a tsunami which devastated the area. Part of the island (8) sank beneath the sea as one plate of the earth’s crust slid underneath another. Before the disaster Thera would have been a large circular island — which is exactly (9) _____ Plato tells us. There could have been (10) hope for its population. Everyone must have (11) » it is impossible to imagine there being many survivors, if (12) ___at all. 1. A.out B. off C. down D. up 2. A. historical B. old C. elderly D. ancient 3. A.told B. said ©. reported D. described 4, A.risen B. raised C. rose D. arisen 5. A.alike B likelihood —_C. likely D. possibility 6. A.Event B. Time C. Epoch D. Age 7. A.much B, most C. almost D. highly 8 Astill B. but C. yet D. even 9. A. that B. which C. what D. why 10. A. few B. little ©. almost D. hardly 11. A. killed B. dead ©. died D. death 12. A.none B. nobody Cone =, ~D.any 441 Newspaper circulation is on the (1)___. However, this isn’t recent news. The problems go right back to the late 1940s when the number of (2) was falling but at that time population growth maintained sales. But the 1990s saw fewer and fewer people developing the newspaper (3) ____. So where are they all going? It’s impossible to say fully. Some people are getting all their news from cable television With 24-hour news channels providing round-the-clock (4) , newspaper editors have had to shift their focus from new news to analysis of yesterday’s news. We have 342(5) _____ whose role it is to comment on events and tell us what they (and therefore perhaps we) should think. (6) ____, while sales have gone down, newspaper width has progressively increased. There are more (7) ___ than ever: book reviews, TV guides, travel (8) , health and nutrition, comic books - there’s no (9) _to what newspapers will now do to entice us. But it still hasn’t (10) __ readers back. ‘And as for the young, they were never there in the first place. They went online. You can receive your news from free online news (11) _____. Blogs will let you discuss the news. Your mobile can even get the latest sports (12) . An automated email will fill you in on your favourite celebs. So why go looking for your news when it will find you wherever you are? 1. A. fall B. decrease C. decline D. go down 2. A.journalists B. readers C. paparazzi —_D, people 3. A-addiction _B. content C. habit D. headline 4. A input B. downloads —C. outlooks —_—_—‘D. updates 5. Avpoliticians . B. columnists ©. celebrities _D. photographers 6. A.Due B. Although C. Because D. Furthermore 7. A.adverts B. photos C. pages D. supplements 8. A. places B, journeys C. agents D. tips 9. A. finish B. end C. way D. stop 10. A. carried B. held C. come D. brought 11. A. sites B, stands C. places D. reporters 12. A. games B. pages ©. results D. figures 442 ECO-FRIENDLY LIVING Too many of (1) go home at night so unaware of how much energy we waste. OK, so we might turn (2) the standby button on the TV these days or use energy-saving light-bulbs, but how many of us (3) change our house to make it eco-friendly? Matthew Bennett would. In fact he thought it was such a good idea that he totally rebuilt it, making his four-bedroom home into (4) of the most eco- friendly in any Canadian urban area. From the street the house looks (5) a typical home in the middle of a suburban neighbourhood. (6) from the wind turbine perched on the roof you wouldn’t really know it was any different. But hidden below the ground underneath his basement there is a 50,000-litre tank (7) catches enough rain to supply all of his water. Any water from washing machines, showers and other household (8) is recycled through filters and ponds, and (9) re-used on a small orchard because instead of grass, plants and flowers he (10) planted trees. The biggest benefit for Mr Bennett is (11) ___ he has virtually no water or energy bills. The wind turbine, (12) panels and small biodiesel generator provide nearly 100% of his household requirements. 343,1. A. them B.all C.us D. people 2. Aoff B.on C. away D. of 3. Atty B. can ©. would D. must 4 Aall B. one C. many D. first 5. Aat B. than C.as D. like 6. A. However B. Apart. C. Although D. Along fe AL, B. when C. what D. which 8. A. appliances B. technology C. goods D. furniture 9. A. first B. to C. addition D. then 10. A. hadn’t B. has C. was D. had 11. A. why B. also C. that. D. so 12. A.solar B. sun C. wood D. bright 443 TAKEN AWAY AND BROUGHT BACK Have you ever wondered what happens to people who just disappear? Some go forever, and others turn up again. Those who do come (1) are able to clear (2) the mystery of their strange absence. But those who do not return, will continue to (3) us. Some of the most common (4) are: “murdered by a colleague” or (5) “ away by aliens in a spaceship.” There was the (6) in Warwickshire, where a little girl of eight disappeared mysteriously. Her parents had died when she was a baby, and her uncle had been (7) after her. At the age of eighteen, she was going to inherit the family wealth and property. The uncle was (8) to find her and panicked: he decided to (9) up another little girl and (10) she was his niece. Police investigations discovered what he had done and he was (11) with murder. He was (12) guilty and in those days that meant the death penalty. 1 Ain B. back C. out D. away 2. A away B. down C.up D. by 3. A. puzzle B. wonder ©. deceive D. question 4. A.replies B. excuses ©. facts D. explanations 5. A.given B. taken C. moved D. driven 6. A-happening —_B. crime ©. time D. case 7. A.taking B. looking C.rumning Dz caring 8 A.unable B. failed C. impossible D. made 9. A make B. look C. dress D. ring 10. A. believe B, like C. pretend D. look like 11. A. accused B, charged C. punished _D. taken 12, A. found B. not C. decided D. discovered 344444 FLAT TO LET Location: Norfolk Gardens, Westgate No. of bedrooms: 1 Price per week: £420 _ This large one-bedroomed flat, situated in the leafy residential suburb of Westgate and (1) the nearby St John’s Park, is ideal for a busy single person or couple. ‘The accommodation is (2) located in the heart of the suburb within (3) walking distance of the wide range of amenities offered by both Westgate and the fashionable Donatello Road Market (4) decorated and carpeted, the property (5) a double bedroom, good- sized reception room, large living room, (6) fitted kitchen and a bathroom with quality shower. Tenants also have (7) of their own secure underground parking space. The flat is simply but (8) furnished and the south-facing living room is pleasantly light and (9) ___, with large picture windows which offer superb views of the surrounding area. What (10) this property apart from other accommodation with similar ay is its very acceptable price, given its central location and excellent transport links to other parts of the city. For (12) details or to arrange a viewing telephone 020 786 50991 1. A overseeing B. overhanging C. overreaching _ D. overlooking 2. A.appropriately B. conveniently _C. suitably D. fittingly 3. A. easy B. simple C. close D. nearby 4,- A. Ultimately B. Lately C. Newly D. Proximately 5. A. composes B. comprises C. comprehends _D. compounds 6. A. absolutely B. extremely C. entirely D. fully 7. Avuse B.employment C. application _D. service 8. A. sparsely B. plainly C. richly D. tastefully 9. A. draughty B. airy ©. breezy D. gusty 10. A. keeps B. puts C. sets D. holds 11. A. characteristics B. kinds C. types D. aspects 12. A. added B. advanced C. further D. larger 445 A QUESTION OF SAFETY Life involves a certain amount risk or at least it did. These days, however, governments seem to have become (1) with the idea of protecting us from it. As aresult, what we actually risk most is not being allowed to live at all. (2) , take a recent edict which emerged from the British governments health and safety department. It would be amusing if it wasn’t so serious. Circus artistes performing on tightropes or the flying trapeze are being (3) to wear the type of 345,hard hats more usually (4) with the construction industry. Under a relatively new law (5) as the “temporary work at heights directive”, such a hat must be worn for any working activity taking (6) above the height of an “average stepladder”. Now you might think that sounds (7) reasonable, but the absurd thing is that the rule is being (8) to circus performers as well. The first to be hit by this rule were baffled members of the Moscow State Circus, who were touring England at the time. Used to flying through the air without even the (9) of a safety net, they (10) that trapeze artistes often break arms and legs, but (11) heads. This simple fact was apparently (12) on the bureaucrats at the government department, however, who insisted that the rule be followed. 1. A.prone B. devoted ©. addicted D. obsessed 2. A. in other words B, Such as C. For example D. What’s more 3. A. required B. challenged _ C. proposed D. demanded 4. A regarded B. associated C. recognised —_D. concerned 5. A. known B, called C. entitled D. referred 6. A. forth B. place C. part D. ahead 7. A.closely B. duly C. widely D. fairly 8. A. presided B.enforced ©. applied D. directed 9. A. benefit B. profit C. remedy D. welfare 10. A.came forward B. pointed out C. put across _D. cleared up 11. A. barely B. merely C. rarely D. unusually 12. A. passed B. left C. d D. lost 446 A STRANGE HISTORY Mexican General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna (1814-76) was somewhat accident- prone. Throughout the 1830s the Mexicans were (1) in a number of battles with the Texans. On 20 April 1836, Santa Anna (2) up camp at the San Jacinto River, overlooking a wood where the Texans were (3) to be hiding. Given the circumstances it was perhaps a little unwise to (4) his troops to take a siesta, for in the middle of their afternoon nap the entire Mexican army was overpowered by the Texans in just eighteen minutes. Santa Anna (5)___ to escape on horseback but was not as fortunate when, fighting the French in December 1838, he lost a leg. For the next four years, Santa Anna (6) ___ the leg at his hacienda near Vereruz until, on 26 September 1842, by which time he had virtually (7) dictator of Mexico, he arranged a special burial service (8) the detached limb. To the accompaniment of bands and orchestras, his supporters solemnly paraded the leg through the streets of Mexico city before (9) it to rest in a national shrine (10) as the Pantheon of Saint Paula. Two years later the leg was (11) during riots that marked Santa Anna’s fall from power and (12) without trace. 346KEY TO LEXICAL CLOZE TESTS ABCD ABCD ABCD ABCD oeo0oo 2 @000 3 0O0@0 4 00086 5. OO@O 6 O0O0O®@e 1,.€@000 1 @eooo 2 00@0 3 0@00 4 0008 5. OO @0 6 O800 700@0 8 @000 9 0@00 0.0O0®@ 1 CcOo0o@e 20080 3.@000 4, 0@00 5. @000 6 0800 70008 8 OO@O 9 @000 10.0@00 1. 2 0@00 3 0008 4. @000 5. O0@O0 6 @000 70080 8 C@O0O 9 000@ 1.00@0 oeo0oo o0@0o 9 @000 00008 fe 8 CocOo0o®@ 20800 3 0008 4 0080 § O@800 6 @o000o 7COO0®@ 8 @000 9 0O0@0 1.0@00 1 oo0oe 20080 3 0@00 4.@000 5. 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