Law on Obligation and Contracts

Law
- any rule of action or any system of uniformity
- the system of rules which a particular
country or community recognizes as
regulating the actions of its members and
which it may enforce by the imposition of
penalties

Law is obligatory since no one shall be exempted to

law even if he/she is unfamiliar or unknown to law.

Dura Lex Sed Lex

- “The law is harsh, but it is the law”

SOURCES OF LAW

Constitution
- fundamental and supreme law of the land
- 1987 Philippine Constitution
- all law to be proposed shall not contrary to
the Constitution or is not unconstitutional

Judicial Decisions
- decisions by the Supreme Court that
interpret the laws, or the Constitution shall
form part of the legal system of the
Philippines

Statutes
- Acts of Congress, municipal charters,
municipal legislations, court rules,
administrative rules and orders, legislative
rules, and presidential issuances

PHILIPPINE LEGAL SYSTEM

1. Supreme Court
2. Lower Courts
- Court of Appeals - is the second
highest tribunal in the country
- Court of Tax Appeals - exercise
jurisdiction on civil and tax cases,
as well as local tax cases, property
tax, and final collection of taxes
- Regional Trial Courts
- Municipal Trial Courts
- Shari’ah Courts
3. Sandiganbayan - tries and decides criminal
and civil cases against government officials
and employees accused of graft and
corruption and similar other offenses