EMTECH QUARTER 1
user interface, application software (or web
| ICT IN OUR EVERYDAY LIVES
• Online platforms, sites, and content
• Web 2.0 and Web 3.0
• The World Wide Web
• Trends in ICT
| INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION AND
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
The state of ICT technologies
Online systems, functions, and platforms
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)
- Deals with the use of different communication
technologies such as mobile phones, telephone,
internet, etc. to:
• Locate,
• Save, and;
• Edit information
WEB 1.0
• When the World Wide Web was invented, most
web pages were static and content cannot be
manipulated by the user. The content is also
the same for all users.
(Static – also known as flat page or stationary page. In
Web 1.0 it is static in a sense that it cannot be
manipulated by the user.)
• Experts refer to it as the “read-only”
• A web that was not interactive in any
significant sense.
• The web user was passive (for the most part)
• User input took place OFFLINE.
Web 2.0 (Dynamic Web Pages)
- Is the evolution of Web 1.0 by adding dynamic
web pages. (Dynamic web pages – the user is
able to see a website differently than others)
- The “Wildly read-write Web”
- Allows users to interact with the page (the user
may be able to comment or create a user
account (parang Facebook, etc.)
- Allows users to use web browsers instead of
just using their operating system.
- In here, browsers can now be used for their
applications), and even for file storage.
- Fun fact: Most websites we visit today are
classified as Web 2.0.
Features of Web 2.0:
1. FOLKSONOMY
- allows users to categorize and classify or arrange
information using freely chosen keywords.
Example: Tagging. Popular social networking sites such
as Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, etc. use tags that start
with the pound sign (#) or hashtag sign.
2. RICH USER EXPERIENCE
- Content is dynamic and is responsive to user’s input.
(Dynamic - denoting or relating to web pages that
update frequently or are generated according to an
individual's search terms.)
Example: A website showing a local content. (In case of
social networking sites, when logged on, your account is
used to modify what you see in their website)
3. LONG TAIL
- Services are offered on demand rather than on a one-
time purchase.
- Time based pricing >>>> File sized pricing (vice versa)
Example: Subscribing on a data plan (Netflix and other
may plan na web) sa time spent of the internet or data
plan na nagcha-charge for the amount ng bandwidth
you used.
(Bandwidth - the data transfer capacity of a computer
network in bits per second (Bps))
4. USER PARTICIPATION
- The owner of the website is not the only one who is
able to put content. Others are able to place a content
of their own by means of comment, reviews, and
evaluation.
5. SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE
- Users will subscribe to a software only when needed
rather than purchasing them. This is a cheaper option if
you do not always need to use a software.
6.MASS PARTICIPATION TRENDS IN ICT

- It is a diverse information sharing through universal 1. CONVERGENCE

web access.
- Technological convergence is the synergy of
- Since most users can use the internet, Web 2.0’s technological advancements to work on a similar goal or
content is based on people from various cultures. task.

Examples of Web 2.0: 2. SOCIAL MEDIA

• Social networking sites - social media is a website, application, or online

• Blogs channels that enable web users to create, co- create,
• Wikis discuss, modify, and exchange user-generated content.)
• Video sharing sites a) Social Networks. These are sites that allow you
• Hosted services to connect with other people with the same
• Web applications interests or background.
b) Bookmarking Sites. These are sites that allow
you to store and manage links to various
WEB 3.0 and THE SEMANTIC WEB websites and resources.
Semantic Web – is a movement led by the World-Wide c) Social News. These are sites that allow users to
Consortium (W3C). post their own news items or links to other
news sources.
World-Wide Consortium (W3C) standard encourages d) Media Sharing. These are sites that allow you to
web developers to include semantic content in their upload and share media content like images,
web pages. (According to them, the Semantic Web music, and video.
provides a common framework that allows data to be e) Microblogging. These are sites that focus on
shared and reused across application enterprise, and short updates from the user.
community boundaries.) f) Blogs and Forums. These websites allow users
to post their content.
- The aim of Web 3.0 is to have machines (or
servers) understand the user’s preferences to 3. MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES
be able to deliver web content specifically
targeting the user. - The popularity of smartphones and tablets has taken a
major rise over the years. This is largely because of the
devices’ capability to do tasks that were originally found
in personal computers.
Several Problems of Web 3.0:
Kinds of operating systems:
1. Compatibility (HTML files and current web browsers
could not support Web 3.0) • iOS
2. Security (The user’s security is also in question since • Android
the machine is saving his or her preferences) • Blackberry OS
• Windows Phone OS
3. Vastness (The World Wide Web already contains • Symbian
billions of web pages) • WebOS
4. Vagueness (Certain words are imprecise.) • Windows Mobile

5. Logic (There are certain limitations for a computer to 4. ASSISTIVE MEDIA

be able to predict what the user us referring to at a - is a nonprofit service designed to help people who
given time) have visual and reading impairments. A database of
audio recordings is used to read to the user.

| RULES OF NETIQUETTE
• Online security, safety, and ethics
• Internet threats
• Protecting reputations online
• Copyright
• Contextualized online search and research skills
Online Safety and Security
The Internet, truly, is a powerful tool. It can be
used to promote your business, gain new friends, and
stay in touch with the old ones. It is also a source of
entertainment. But like most things in this world, there
is always “another side of the coin.” The Internet is one
of the most dangerous places, especially if you do not
know what you are doing.
ONLINE SAFETY
The importance of the internet plays a crucial
part in human development. Life becomes easy and
comfortable because of this technology. Most of us are
connected to the internet via laptop, mobile phone,
tablet, personal computer, and other electronic
gadgets. Behind this technology, there is a risk that
everyone should be aware of. You could be at risk of
scams, bullying, and illegal activities if you will not take
precautions in using the internet. We need to keep
ourselves safe and secure whenever we use the
internet. That is why it is very important to know and
learn the ways on how to be safe and secured online.
How to be safe online?
• Do not share your password with anyone.
• Add friends you know in real life.
• Do not visit untrusted websites.
• Add a password to your WIFI at home to make
it private.
• Install and update the antivirus on your
computer.
• Do not give your personal information to
anyone.
• Think before you click.
• Never post about your future vacation.
INTERNET RISK
Cyberbullying
It happens when someone intentionally is
abused, harassed, and mistreated by another person
using electronic communication.
Identity Theft
It is a crime of stealing personal information to
assume that person’s name or identity to make any
form of transaction.
Cyber Stalking
A criminal practice where electronic
communication is used to stalk or harass an individual
or group.
Sexting
The act of sending sexually explicit text
messages, images, and videos.
INTERNET THREATS
1. Malware – also known as Malicious Software.
Types of Malware:
• Virus – a malicious program that replicates
itself by copying itself to another program.
• Trojan Horse – a malicious program that
disguises as a legitimate program that user will
accept and use but takes control of your
computer.
• Worm – a malicious program that copies itself
and spreads to other computers.
• Spyware – A malicious program that gathers
information from a victim’s computer and sends
it back to the hacker.
• Adware – An unwanted advertisement that will
pop up several times on the victim’s computer
then behaves abnormally and tedious to close
them.
• Keylogger – A program that runs in the
background and steals user credentials and
confidential information and sends it back to
hack by recording every keystroke that a user
makes on their computer or device.
• Botnet – A collection of infected internets–
connected devices such as PC and mobile
phones that are controlled by a common type
of malware.
• Rootkit – A software tool used by hackers to
gain control over a computer on a network
without being exposed.
• Ransomware – A ransom virus that blocks the
user from accessing the programs or files and
demands to pay the ransom through an online
method for the removal of the virus.
• Spam - also known as junk email or unwanted
email send by advertiser or bot. It can be used
to send malware.
• Phishing - a cyber-attack method using
deceptive emails and websites to acquire
sensitive personal information.
• Cybercrime - a crime in which a computer is
used as an object and tool in committing a
crime such as hacking, phishing, spamming,
child pornography, libel, hate crimes, identity
thief and others.
• Cybercrime Law - a law that deals with all forms
of cybercrime.
NETIQUETTE
- it is a word that came from two words “net” and
“etiquette”. It is an etiquette applied online that shows
proper manners and behavior. If you are a member of
an online society through social media, you are called a
netizen. And in interacting with another netizen online,
we need to maintain good behavior which is acceptable
to others in an online community.
THE TEN COMMANDMENTS
The Ten Commandments of computer ethics have
been defined by the Compute Ethics Institute.
1. Thou shalt not use a computer to harm other
people.
2. Thou shalt not interfere with other people's
computer work.
3. Thou shalt not snoop around in other people's
files.
4. Thou shalt not use a computer to steal.
5. Thou shalt not use a computer to bear false
witness.
6. Thou shalt not use or copy software for which
you have not paid.
7. Thou shalt not use other people's computer
resources without authorization
8. Thou shalt not appropriate other people's
intellectual output.
9. Thou shalt think about the social consequences
of the program you write.
10. Thou shalt use a computer in ways that show
consideration and respect.
Think Before You Click
1. Before you post something on the web, ask these
questions to yourself: Would you want your parents or
grandparents to see it? Would you want your future
boss to see it? Once you post something on the web,
you have no control of who sees your posts.
2. Your friends depend on you to protect their
reputation online. Talk to your friends about this
serious responsibility.
3. Set your post to “private.” In this way, search
engines will not be able to scan that post.
4. Avoid using names. Names are easy for search
engines to scan.
5. If you feel that a post can affect you or other’s
reputation, ask the one who posted it to pull it down
or report it as inappropriate.
Copyright Issues
- There are millions of information that we can
get from the internet. Some of this information
is free but others are not. They are protected by
copyright law.
What is Copyright?
- Copyright is a protection given to the owner of
the rights in an original work such as books,
musical works, films, paintings, and other
works, as well as computer programs. This
original work is called intellectual property
which is protected under Republic Act 8293
known as the “Intellectual Property Code of
the Philippines”.
COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT
If you create something—an idea, an invention,
a form of literary work, or research, you have the right
of how it should be used by others. This is called
intellectual property.
FAIR USE
- is the use of copyrighted material for comment,
teaching, criticism, news reporting, research,
scholarship, and another similar purpose that is
not an infringement of copyright.
- In fair use, 5% of the content of the reference
can only be copied. If 20% or less of
- the reference is copied, there must be a
secondary use agreement and fee. And if 20%
or more of the reference is copied, it requires
purchasing creative work.
Guidelines for Fair Use
1. Majority of the contents created must be yours.
2. Give credits to the owner.
3. Do not make a profit from copyrighted work.
| PRODUCTIVITY TOOLS
Productivity tools (office productivity software) are
application software used for producing information
(such as documents, presentations, worksheets,
databases, charts, graphs, digital paintings, electronic
music, and digital video).
1. WORD PROCESSORS
Word processors are specialized programs that
allow you to change the look and feel of a text
document. These programs include tools that help you
to create documents by inserting graphics, charts,
tables, and other media elements. These programs also
help you to create a variety of business and personal
documents such as reports, resumes, and letters.
MICROSOFT WORDPAD
• Is a limited function word processor and a free
rich-text editor included with Microsoft
Windows for viewing and editing rich-text files
(.RTF, .DOCX, and .ODT) files.
• WordPad can perform basic text formatting like
changing the font, alignment, and even
inserting multimedia. However, keep in mind
that it does not support all formatting options
in .DOCX and .ODT files, so some formatting
may be incorrect. Also included with all editions
of Windows.
MICROSOFT WORD
• Is a full function word processor, so you can
create professional documents and add
indexes, captions and table of figures. You can
specify languages and dictionaries, insert
standard text and create bibliographies.
Sometimes called Winword, MS Word, or Word,
Microsoft Word is a word processor published
by Microsoft.
• It is one of the office productivity applications
included in the Microsoft Office suite. Originally
developed by Charles Simonyi and Richard
Brodie, it was first released in 1983. And have
the file extenxion .doc/ .docm/.docx and etc.
GOOGLE DOCS
• Is a web-based productivity office suite offered
by Google within its Google Drive service.
• Google Docs allows users to create and edit
documents online while collaborating with
other users in real- time. Edits are tracked by
user with a revision history presenting changes.
2. SPREADSHEET
A spreadsheet is an application tool that store,
organize, and calculate data in tables. They are used
primarily in recordkeeping tasks and accounting.
MICROSOFT EXCEL
• Excel is a spreadsheet application developed
and published by Microsoft. It is part of the
Microsoft Office suite of productivity software.
• Excel organizes data in columns and rows. Rows
and columns intersect at a space called a cell.
Each cell can contain a single of data, such as
text, a numerical value, or a formula.
• Excel was originally code-named Odyssey during
development. It was first released on
September 30, 1985.
• It is used primarily to enter, edit, format, sort,
perform mathematical computations, save,
retrieve and print numeric data. Files created in
Microsoft Excel are often referred to as
spreadsheets or workbooks and have the file
extension .xls or .xlsx and etc.
GOOGLE SHEETS
• Is a spreadsheet program included as part of
the free, web-based Google Docs Editors suite
offered by Google.
• The app allows users to create and edit files
online while collaborating with other users in
real-time.
• Edits are tracked by user with a revision history
presenting changes. An editor's position is
highlighted with an editor-specific color and
cursor and a permissions system regulates what
users can do.
3. DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS)
A DBMS is a software tool for creating, editing,
and managing collection of information called
databases.
MICROSOFT ACCESS
• Is an information management tool, or
relational database, that helps you store
information for reference, reporting and
analysis.
• Access can also overcome the limitations found
when trying to manage large amounts of
information in Excel or other spreadsheet
applications.
MICROSOFT SQL SERVER
• Is a RDBMS (relational database management
system) created by Microsoft.
• It is used as a central location to save and
obtain data needed for applications. It uses SQL
(structured query language) for queries that
store or retrieve data.
• SQL Server began in 1989 from the cooperation
of Sysbase, Ashton Tate, and Microsoft, and at
the time was very close to Sysbase SQL Server
3.0 for Unix.
GOOGLE DRIVE
• Is a cloud-based file storage service from
Google. It also offers a free software suite that
includes a word processor, and many others for
spreadsheets, presentations, drawings, and
several others.
• Since Google Drive is an online service, it allows
users to share files with one another, mutually
edit documents, and synch their saved files
across multiple devices.
4. GRAPHIC SUITE
A graphics suite is a group of programs that are used to
view, manipulate, and print computer graphics. Popular
examples are Adobe Photoshop and CorelDRAW.
ADOBE PHOTOSHOP
• Adobe Photoshop is available in different
versions, with the latest being Adobe
Photoshop CC (Creative Cloud).
 • It is the premier graphics and photo editing
program used professionals in every field of
digital imaging.
• Images can be imported, edited, and converted
to other formats. Images may be edited in
layers, groups, and as Smart Layers, a
proprietary Adobe feature.
• The software provides a full range of image
adjustment and color correction, suitable for
film, television, digital video, and print
publishing.
COREL DRAW
• Corel Corporation developed and released a
software program called CorelDRAW, a vector
graphics editor.
• The software is a robust graphics suite,
providing many features for users to edit
graphics. These features include contrast
adjustment, color balancing, adding special
effects like borders to images, and it is capable
of working with multiple layers and multiple
pages.
5. PUBLISHING SOFTWARE
• Is used in the process of creating editorial
projects.
• The primary use of Desktop Publishing software
(or DTP software) is to lay out texts, images and
graphics on a page and easily arrange these
elements to create the preferred document.
• DTP software enables professional creation and
management over the design of a document,
and, if correctly used, a typographic quality.
ADOBE INDESIGN
• Is used to create documents containing stylized
text and graphics.
• The software includes various tools for
formatting text, photographs, and other graphic
elements on a variety of page layouts, selection
of templates that users can use as a starting
point.
MICROSOFT PUBLISHER
• Is considered an entry-level software (not
specifically professional) and is different from
Word because it is more oriented to graphics
than to text.
• Publisher gives you two work possibilities: you
can start from a blank sheet or choose one of its
templates, which are divided into categories
(brochure, letterhead, postcards, calendars,
leaflets, labels, etc.).
• The templates are original and graphically
attractive. A large variety of editing tools exists,
and one can add or remove words, colors,
effects, and so forth.
CANVA
• Is a simplified graphic-design tool website,
founded in 2012.
• It uses a drag-and-drop format and provides
access to over a million photographs, vectors,
graphics, and fonts. It is used by non-designers
as well as professionals.
• The tools can be used for both web and print
media design and graphics.
| BASIC WEB DESIGN PRINCIPLE AND ELEMENTS
Examples of Online Platform and Application:
a) Web Design – it is a concept of planning,
creating, updating, and maintaining the
website.
b) Web Page Creation – It is a document that is
sustainable for the world wide web & web
browser. (Wix and Weebly)
c) Mapping – is the creation of maps, a graphic
symbolic representation of the significant
features. (Wikimapia and Google Maps)
d) File Management – it is a computer program
that provide a user interface to manage. (tamar
and word2pdf)
e) Social Media – A website and application that
enable user to create & share content. (FB, IG,
Twitter)
f) Cloud Computing – it means storing & accessing
data and programs over the internet instead of
your computer’s hard drive. (Google drive,
evernote, dropbox)
g) Presentation tool – graphic program that allow
you to crate slide shows presenting the topic or
lecture. (slideshare, presi, zohoshow)
 Imaging & Designing for Online Environment
Infographics – is a collection of imagery, charts, and
minimal text.
Principles of Design – are the rules a designer must
follow to create an effective composition.
ELEMENTS OF DESIGN
1. Line – are defined by points moving in space. It
can create a sense of movement.
2. Shape – is an enclosed space, the boundaries of
which are defined by other elements of art.
3. Direction – applying motion to create the visual
musion of movement.
4. Size (Scale) – size is basically the relationship of
the area occupied by one shape to another.
5. Texture – refers to surface appearance of an
object given by the dimensions and/or form.
6. Color – is light redirected off object.
PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
1. Balance – in design is the state of equal
relationship.
2. Symmetrical balance – occurs when identical
weights are on equal sides of composition.
3. Proximity – maintains a relationship between
that go together.
4. Alignment – refers to lining up the element of a
design along the top, or bottom...
5. Repetition, Pattern, Rhythm – duplicates the
characteristics of similar elements to contribute
to design consistency.
6. Contrast – refers to the use of conflicting
elements or colors.
7. Space – refers to the area that an object
occupies.
RULES:
• Relevant
• Informative
• Interesting
PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE WEB DESIGN
1. Purpose - Each page of a website needs to have
a clear purpose and fulfill a specific need for
your website users in the most effective way
possible.
2. Communication - People want to get
information quickly, so it is important to
communicate clearly and make your
information easy to read and digest. (by using
headlines and sub-headlines, using bullet points
instead of long windy sentences, and cutting
the waffle.)
3. Typography – typography in web design is
similar to print design but requires certain
considerations to ensure legibility on all screen
types. (typeface, type size, color, line height,
and letter shapes)
4. Colors – A well thought out color palette can go
a long way to enhance the user experience.
5. Images – A picture paints a thousand words and
choosing the right images for your website can
help with brand positioning and connecting
with your target audience.
6. Navigation – is about how easy it is for people
to take action and move around your website.
Some tactics for effective navigation include a
logical page hierarchy.
7. Grid-Based Layouts – Placing content randomly
on your web page can end up with a haphazard
appearance that is messy. Grid-based layouts
arrange content into sections columns and
boxes that line up and feel balanced.
8. “F” Pattern Design – Eye-tracking studies have
identified that people scan computer screens in
an “F” pattern.
9. Load Time – Everybody hates a website that
takes ages to load. Tips to make page load times
more effective include optimizing image sizes,
combining code into a central CSS or JaceScript
file (this reduces HTTP requests), and minify
HTML, CSS JavaScript (Compressed to speed up
their load time).
10. Mobile-Friendly – It is now commonplace to
access websites from multiple devices with
multiple screen sizes. So, it is important to
consider if your website is mobile-friendly.
ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE WEB DESIGN
• Limit Color Use – Color schemes and color
choices are very important when it comes to
modern web design.
• Plenty of white space – white space is the term
used for the amount of “empty” space -i.e.
 margins between your content and the edge of
your screen, and the buffers between the
elements on your page.
• Clean backend coding – This modern website
design element is one that you might not notice
visually, but one that is probably the most
important when it comes to the functionality of
your site.
• Search engine optimization (SEO) –There are
modern website design elements that can
greatly improve web SEO. A lot of these are
invisible to the naked eye, and also appear in
the backend coding of your pages and posts.
• Conversation elements: call-to-action – These
are the things like email subscription form, free
downloadable eBooks or whitepapers, free
product forms free consultation or other invites
are great calls-to-action.
TEAM STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS FOR ICT CONTENT
A. Group involves people who work independently to
achieve its goal.
B. Team works interdependently where each member
has a specific role or function, thus the team interacts
dynamically and adoptively to reach its common goal.
Team Structure
- refers to the creation of an individual team or
the creation of a multi-system. It is an essential
component of the teamwork process.
-
Four parts of collaboration:
Sharing: Documenting explicit knowledge.
Understanding: Adopting the process knowledge.
Reflection: Analyzing or Interpreting shared
information.
Expression: The process of making known one's
thoughts or feelings.
Team Members
An effective team structure is composed of efficient
team members who have specific roles and
responsibilities.
1. Project Manager - An individual who has
general accountability for the successful
initiation, planning, design, execution,
monitoring, controlling, and closure of a
project.
2. Data Analyst - Someone who gather, process
and performs statistical analysis of data. A
person who is accountable for collecting the
data of ICT.
3. Content Writer and Editor - A person is
responsible for reviewing the data and finalize
complete information.
4. Web Designer - A person is responsible for
creating the appearance, layout, and elements
of a website. The job involves understanding
both graphics and computer programming.
5. Web Developer - The person technically
develops the overall functionalities of a web
page.
Online Platforms for hosting ICT content
✓ Presentation/Visualization (Prezi, Soho,
Slideshare & Mindmeister)
✓ Cloud computing (Google Apps)
✓ Social Media (Facebook, Tumblr)
✓ Web Page (Wix, Weebly)
✓ Blogs sites (Blogge, Livejournal & Issuu)
FIVE PHASES OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT
1. Initiating – an overview of the objectives of this
project, needs and the problem identified.
2. Planning – this is where a successful project
conclusion is worked out by the project
manager and the project team.
3. Executing – This is where the project team goes
about executing the project plan ones the
project plan has been constructed.
4. Monitoring and Controlling – This is where the
project manager monitors and controls the
work for time, lost, scope...
5. Closing – this happens when each phase has
ended and when the entire project is
concluded.

Four steps in creating and choosing valuable

ICT content
1. Define: Specify the main objective or goal that
needs to be promoted in your content.
6. Analyze: Extract information from different
resources regarding the topic you want to write.
7. Organize: Give an overview of your topic to
help readers understand what your topic is.
8. Summarize: Create a summary of the
information you have gathered and analyzed to
make sure your article is free from graphical
errors.

Three rules in creating quality content: (self-

explanatory na this)

• Relevant
• Informative
• Interesting