DESCRIPTION SYMBOL EXAMPLES/WORDS

PLOSIVE The plosive  [p] → [f] (→ [h]  papper, ruber, bitten

consonant sound that is → Ø)
made
by stopping air flowing out
of the mouth.
FRICATIVE A fricative consonant is a [s], [z], [ʃ], and [ʒ]. fat, fork, think
consonant that is made
when you take a small
squeeze air in your mouth.
AFFRICATE Consonants sound /t͡ʃ/ and /d͡ʒ/ badge, barge, cage, cajole,
followed by sh by the zh cartridge, dodge
sound heard in French jour
or in English azure.
NASAL Nasal sounds in American  /ŋ//m/, /n/ moon, rat, owl
English pronunciation the
m sound and n sound like
NG.
Lateral words sound like I
If you think about it, the l-
sound in these three words
is not the same - there are
three I sounds in English.

LATERAL ⟨λ⟩) lip, clip, milk

APPROXIMAN An approximant consonant ⟨ɹ⟩ right, like, wet
T is a consonant that sounds
in some ways like a vowel.