Advancing the Infotainment System

with Automotive Ethernet​

Chang-Joo Kim
Solution Engineer
IN THE LAST 20 YEARS…

Just a Radio Introduction of Navigation Automotive Ethernet

1930 1990 2013

Innovation has completely revolutionized the industry

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AGENDA

• What is Automotive Ethernet?

• What goes into a modern-day Infotainment system?
• Cameras
• Navigation
• Multimedia
• How can Keysight help

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 Infotainment bundles are large
consumers of in-vehicle network
traffic.
• What’s the heaviest component in a car?
Engine

• What’s the second heaviest component?

Cables and harnesses

• How much do cables and harnesses weigh?

~110 lbs

• How did automotive industry respond to it?

Automotive Ethernet standard with single-
twisted pair cabling Typical wire harness in a car

The complexity is that the data moved must be secure, valid and received when and how it is expected.

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C O M PA R E D T O O T H E R A U T O M O T I V E N E T W O R K I N G S TA N D A R D S

Meeting
Higher BW data Low weight,
environmental
transmission low- cost cabling
needs
• Compared to CAN, • Using a single • Temperature-grade
CAN FD, LIN, unshielded twisted requirements
Flexray and MOST pair
(all <=10Mbps) • Meeting EMC/EMI
• Weighs ~30% less requirements
• Great scalability with than shielded cable
switch networking and costs less

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ZONE-BASED ARCHITECTURE

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 A COMPLEX SYSTEM

Human interface with the car

- Rear-view camera, 360 surround cameras
- Radio
- Navigation
- Telematics interaction
- Driver assist notifications
- Comfort systems control
- Powertrain and chassis notifications
- Emergency systems integration

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 C H A L L E N G E S O F I N T E G R AT I O N

• Signal Quality and Data Integrity

• EMI at the receiver
• Cross talk
• Radiated from other
• Interoperability
• Audio traffic - bound to time
• Video traffic - bound to time
• Timing and Synchronization
• GNSS
• Terrestrial Radio
• V2X interactions
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 W H E R E D O E S T H AT D AT A G O ?

Backup camera and 360 surround cameras

- Pressure on the backbone and switching
fabric
- Use TSN tools to simulate work loads
including 360 surround cameras
- Automatic parking assist
- Pedestrian Protection System
- Safety requirements for a fast boot
• Early audio for warning “chimes”
• Early video for 360 and rear-view

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 I M P O R T A N C E O F S Y S T E M V A L I D AT I O N

• Real-time signal simulation for dynamic

scenarios for moving receiver
• Satellite Systems support
✓ US GPS ✓ Beidou/Compass
✓ GLONASS ✓ SBAS
✓ Galileo ✓ QZSS
• Control of visibility, power, multipath,
pseudo-range in real time
• Correlation of multipath and line-of-sight for
any combination of systems
• Time to First Fix (TTFF)
- Cold, warm and hot start conditions

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 MORE THAN JUST MUSIC

Streaming services for Audio and Video

• Rigorous requirements on backbone and
IVN switching fabric
• High data rates requirements for Video
• Lip-sync for multimedia playback

• Low latency and precise synchronization

between various audio nodes
• Redundant network paths
• From the antenna to the speakers
• Between domain controllers

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 UNIQUE TEST COVERAGE

Transmit Link Segment Receiver

• 1 install 6 compliance applications. • Up to 24port VNA • Bit Error Rate verification
• Protocol trigger & decode • SQI – Signal Quality
• Alien Crosstalk
Solution Components
Solution components • PXI or bench ENA Vector Network Solution Components
• Oscilloscope, ENA Analyzer • Noise Generator
• Fixtures, cables, adapters • Fixtured, cables and adapters • Fixtures, cables and adapters
• Software • Customizable Software • Software

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 TESTING THE TRANSMITTED SIGNAL

• IEEE and Open Alliance standards are strict

• Ensure transmitted signal characteristic is
good at receiver end
• Interoperability
• Jitter, Power spectral density
• Signal distortions caused by reflections
• Impedance mismatch
• Channel will attenuate the signal

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AE6910T

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 CHANNEL

• Cables/connectors/fixtures
• Up to 15 m cable
• Up to 4 inline connectors
• 2 mating interfaces to the PHY known as MDI
• Bulk cable
• Signal distortions caused by reflections
• Impedance mismatch
• UTP/STP cable and connector defects
• Signal Crosstalk
• Additional measurements are made when up
to 5 cables are bundled together

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TESTING THE CHANNEL

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 TESTING THE RECEIVER
• Clock and Data Recovery Issues in presence
of Noise
• PLL Jitter Rejection Capability
• PLL instability yields wrong synchronization
• Receiver frequency tolerance errors
• Alien crosstalk noise rejection
• Receiver cases verify the BER in several ways
• Multiple channel lengths
• Receiver frequency tolerance: link partner
intentionally transmits at ±100 ppm
• Alien crosstalk noise rejection: AWG noise is
coupled into the channel
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 REAL-TIME TRAFFIC COMPLEXITY

These blocks change as different information is required – like

rear-view camera, Spotify streaming, making a phone call

Control Signal Frame Test: High scale traffic mix

ADAS
• Infotainment (Large frame)
A/V Frame • ADAS (Time-Critical Small Frames)
Infotainment • Best-effort traffic (Cloud Services)
Diagnostics / Map Updates Result:
Non TSN • Timing precision
• Packet Loss
• Latency and Jitter
This is driver assistance,
collision avoidance, blind spot
detection, emergency breaking
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 Layer 1 – 7 Coverage
• Only vendor for validation solution
spanning across layer 1 to layer 7
• Solution for functionality,
conformance and performance
validation
Time Tested Conformance
• More than 1300 test cases for
TCP/IP stack covering
• Test cases matured over last 20
years of use by NEMs
Powerful Test Platform
• AVB / TSN Protocol emulation at scale
• Realistic data traffic for vehicle workload
• Extensive statistics for identifying and
debugging failures
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S TA B I L I T Y A N D I N T E R O P

IxANVL (Automated Network Validation Library) enables quickly and

effortlessly the validation of protocol compliance and device interoperability

• Extensive and thorough testing, performed automatically without

supervision
• Determines exactly the protocol software component failure
• Analyses device’s handling of non-compliant traffic pattern
• Seamless integration in automation frameworks for regression testing
• Emulates large, multi-node networks for efficient testing
• Simplifies the “corner-case” scenarios through negative testing
• First in Industry to execute TC11 test specification against independent
vendor.

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 Key Conformance Features
• Over 1300 test cases for IPv4 and IPv6
Suites:
• Supports latest Test Specification from standards bodies
✓ OPEN Alliance ECU Test 3.0
(OPEN and AUTOSAR) ✓ AUTOSAR Acceptance Test 1.2
• Original source for 90% of standardized tests
• Supports latest AUTOSAR stub Testability protocol and Includes:
Service Primitives ✓ New AUTOSAR Testability
• Software solution - Windows/Linux, GUI/CLI Protocol and Service Primitive
• Can also run BroadR-Reach on Keysight chassis ✓ IPv4 and IPv6, SOME/IP

Layer 5-7 SOME/IP SD DHCP

Layer 4 TCP UDP ICMP

ARP
Layer 3 IPv4 & IPv6

Layer 2 IEEE 802.3 Ethernet + 802.1Q VLANs

Add Confidentiality Statement Here

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I X N E T W O R K - T E S T I N G T S N C APA B I L I T I E S

✓Emulate TSN Talkers with 802.1Qbv schedule

✓Support for Seamless Redundancy 802.1CB
✓Analyse DUT Qbv traffic in gPTP time base
✓Emulate 802.1AS-2020 Master and Slave devices
✓Emulate multiple gPTP domains on same port
✓Emulate out of domain interfering traffic
✓Measuring of clock synchronization accuracy
✓Stress with line rate Ethernet traffic
✓Delivers end-to-end system test automation

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W O R K L O A D E M U L AT I O N

✓Generates realistic emulation of TSN or mixed (TSN

and non-TSN) Ethernet connections, endpoints and
complex traffic profiles

✓Real-time protocol and data traffic control to validate

and troubleshoot system configuration while the test is
in execution

✓Comprehensive statistics with real-time triggers and

packet capture for diagnostics data acquisition

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 I N F O TA I N M E N T S Y S T E M I N T E R A C T S W I T H M A N Y

• Across all aspects of the infotainment system Full Network

• Keysight is the only vendor for validation
Applications
spanning across layer 1 to layer 7
• Solution for functionality, conformance and
performance validation
TCP/IP
AVB TSN
Stack

Physical Layer

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 FIND OUT MORE…

• Automotive Solutions
www.keysight.com/find/automotive

• Connected Car Solutions

https://www.keysight.com/gb/en/solutions/connected-car.html

• Automotive Customer Center

https://www.keysight.com/gb/en/industries/automotive-energy/keysight-automotive-customer-
center.html

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