GRE Big Book - Test 20 Analytical Section Solution Prepared by Sakeef Mahboob BinAhsanContents Acknowledgements... Section 1. Questions 1-3. Questions 7-10... Questions [1-13 ...ccccescstsesstetinteeistetieintntietstientieetsteetsteeeeseee® Questions 14-16... Questions 17-22. Section 5. Questions 1-5... Questions 9-12... Questions 13-18... Questions 19-22...Acknowledgements To anyone reading this, thank you very much for deciding to open and have a read through this eBook. This solution manual is part of a volunteering effort of mine to solve the logic puzzles given in the analytical section of the GRE Big Book. If you are planning to attend either the BBA or MBA admission test of IBA-University of Dhaka, learning to solve logie puzzles is a must for you. Logic puzzles come under the Analytical section of the admission test. Ihave made an attempt to solve the logic puzzles that appear in test 20 of the GRE Big Book. Some of the puzzles have frustrated me to no end this time around. But to be able to finish solving all the puzzles was worth the trouble. Given that I am working full time (at the time of writing this manual), it is quite hard for me to find time to devote myself to such work. But still Ido, because quite a few people who have read the other solutions of mine have given me appreciation as well as feedback for my work I believe, knowledge is meant to be spread and not kept to oneself as some sort of owned property. In the end, I just want to say that getting into IBA-DU is tough, both for BBA and MBA. IBA-DU is, undoubtedly, one of the best business schools of the country. I am indeed very lucky to have been admitted into the MBA program. For those of you who plan on applying to IBA, this manual could potentially help you out a little bit in crossing the hurdle and getting into the institute. To prepare for any competitive exam, PERSEVEARANCE is key!!! Do not, by any means, give up if you're planning for something great to happen. I wish everyone reading this manual the very best of luck for the admission test. I urge anyone to contact me on Facebook or on email if they need any clarification regarding the manual or any general information pertaining to the IBA admission test. Kind Regards Sakeef Mahboob Bin Ahsan MBA 53rd Batch TBA- University of Dhaka wawfacebook.com/sakeefmahboob sakeefl6@gmail.comSection 1 Questions Samples of a yellow fed grain nust be tested for contamination by one or more of the toxins. R, S, and T. A sample retains the color it acquires fiom a test unless another test changes the color of the sampk. Test X tums a sumple green if the sample contains R or S, or both, and orange if it contains neither Ror S. Test Z tums a sample purple if the sample contains T, if not, the sample retains the color it had prior to test Z. Narrative Breakdown Y ‘Three toxins will be tested for contamination in grain: R, S, and T. vA sample would retain the color it acquires fom a test unless another test changes the color of it Test X => Sampke tums green (If sample has R/S/both) Test X= Sample tums orange (If sample does not have either R or S) Test Z=> Sample tums puple (If sample contains T) Test Z = Sample retains color prior to the test (If sample does not contain T) SARK . A sample that contains R and S but not T will yield which of the following sequences of colors, the first affer test X is used and the second after test Z is wed? A. Green, green. B. Green, purple C. Orange, yellow. D. Orange, orange. E. Orange, purple Solution: Ifa sample contains R and S both, the sample will tum green affer test X is used. As the sample does not contain T, the sample will retain the color green affer test Z is used. Answer is A2. A sample that remains yellow when subjected to test Z and tums green when subjected to test X could be a sample containing A. RS, and T B. S and T, but not containing R C. T, but containing neither R nor S D. S, but containing neither R nor T E. Neither R nor $ nor T Solution: A sample that retains the color yellow when subjected to test Z, woukl not contain T. This is because the sample would have tuned orange if it contained T when subjected to test Z. So we can eliminate options A, B, and C. Ifthe sample tums green because of test X, it has to contain either R or S or both. This is reflected in option D. Answer is D 3. The two tests will NOT distinguish between two samples containing which of the following? Samp 1 Sample 2 AL RS and T Rand S, but not T B. Rand §, but not T S and T, but not R C. Rand T, but not S Sand T, but not R D. R but neither $ nor T Neither R nor $ nor T FE. §, but neither R nor T Neither R nor S nor T Solution: In option A, Both sampk | and 2 will tum green when subjected to test X. But when subjected to test Z, sample 1 will tum purple while sample 2 will remain the color that was before the test. So at east one test will be able to determine between the two samples. So we eliminate option A. Option B, D and E can also be eliminated for similar reasons. This is because either one or both tests wil be able to distinguish between the two samples Answer is CQuestions 0 A commercial grower rabes flowers in each of three difftrent growing seasons every year~ spring, summer and fal-winter, with the year beginning in spring, Exactly seven different kinds of flowers- Q, R, S, T, W, X and Z- are grown every year. Each kind of flower is grown at least once a year, The flowers are grown according to the following rules: + No more than three diffrent kinds of flowers are grown in any one growing season. + No kind of flower can be grown for two growing seasons in a row. + Qean be grown either in the fall-winter season nor in the same growing season as W or X. + Sand Tare ahvays grown in the same growing season as each other. + Rean be grown in a growing season only if Q was grown in the proceeding growing season, Narrative Breakdown V There are three growing seasons- spring, summer and fill-winter. Y Every year begins with spring. Y Seven kind of fowers- Q,R, 8, T, W, X and Z. V Each flower is grown at least once a year. V Notmore than three different flowers can be grown in a single season, ¥ No flower can be grown for two seasons in a row. Y Q= fal-winter'W/X ¥ Sand T to be grown together. v R grown next season only if Q grown in previous season. 7. Which of the following is an acceptable schedule for the three growing, seasons? Summer Fal Winter STR QRZ QZ RW Q ZS8,T.R RY Zz QZ QXR Solution: No more than three different flowers can be grown in a single season. Four different Howers are being grown in fal-winter in option C. Option C can be eliminated. Q camot be grown in fil-winter. Options A and E can be eliminated as Q is being grown in fill fer in these two options S and T needs to be grown together. S and T are being grown in different seasons in option B. So option B can be eliminated.Answer is D 8 IfZ and R alone are grown in the fall-winter season, which of the following nust be grown in the preceding spring? AQ BR cs D.T EW Solution: Ifonly Z and R is grown in the fal-winter season, Q needs to be grown in the summer. Thus W and X cannot be grown in summer. The 4 flowers apart fiom Z, R, and Q need to be grown in either summer or spring. This would be shown as follows: ‘Spring ‘Summer Fall-Winter (2) Qa ZR ‘As Wand X camot be grown in the summer and fillewinter, they have to be grown in the spring: Spring jummer Fall-Winter (2) WX QwX ZR This is reflected in option E. Answer is E 9. TEZ. is grown in the spring and W be grown in the summer? AQ B.S the summer of one year, which of the following can also c D. r Nw~A Solution: If Zis grown in spring and W is grown in summer, the situation would be as follows: Spring ‘Summer Falk Winter Z WwQ cannot be grown in fall-winter, as well as summer (as W is being grown in summer). Thus Q can only be grown in spring, Thus X cannot be grown in spring. Also R needs to be grown in the summer as Q is being grown in spring. The situation would then be as follows: Spring ‘Summer Fall-Winter ZQX W.ROZ Q As S and T need to be grown together, they cannot be grown in spring and summer. This is because then four different flowers would be grown in the spring. Thus S and T can only be grown in fll. winter. The situation would then be as follows: Spring Summer Falk Winter ZQ%,8,F W,R.Q25,F, Q,8,T From all these information, we can eliminate options A, B, C and E. Answer is D 10, If there is exactly one of the kinds of flowers that is grown one year during both of two growing seasons, that kind could be: 2 4x47 EB Solution: Ifa flower has to be grown in two growing seasons, it has to be grown in spring and fall-winter. A flower cannot be grown in summer and any one of the other two seasons because then the flower would be growing in two seasons in a row. The situation would be as follows: Spring Falk Winter Q camot be grown in fal-winter as then R would have not season to be grown in next, Also Q camot be grown in falkwinter, Similarly R camot be grown in spring because there would not have been any season before to grow Q. Thus we can eliminate both options A and B S and T needs to be grown together. The question asks for exactly one kind of flower to be grown in the two seasons. Neither S nor T ean be grown separately. So we can eliminate option C and D. Answer is EQuestions 11-13 An operating-room schedule is being set up for Monday and Tuesday of a certain week. On each of the days, either one long and two short operations or eke four short operations must be scheduled. For each operation, a surgeon- Chakravarty, Silvers, or Tyson- will be scheduled. Patients to be scheduled will be selected fiom among patients 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, The following conditions will be met + A surgeon cannot be scheduled to perform two consecutive operations on one day. + Ifa surgeon is scheduled for a long operation, he or she cannot be scheduled for any other operation on the same day. + Ifa Jong operation is performed, it nmst be the first operation scheduled for the day it is performed. + The operations for patients 1 and 3 will be long, and the operations for the other patients will be short. "Patients 1 must be operated on by Dr. Tyson, patients 2 and 4 by Dr. Silvers, and patients 7 and 8 by Dr. Chakravarty. Narrative Breakdown Y Operations will be done in nwo days- Monday and Tuesday, Y Three surgeons- Chakravarty (C), Silvers (S), and Tyson (T) Y Patients will be - 1,2,3,4, 5,6, 7,8, and 9, Y Operations will be either Jong or short ¥ Either one long and two short operations or four short operations will be done in a single day. Y Surgeons will not be able to perform two consecutive operations in a single day. ¥ Ifa surgeon does a Jong operation, he cannot do any other operation that day. Y Land 3- long operation. Others- short operation. v 1-T,2and 4- S,7 and 8-C 11. Which of the following could be the schedule of patients fiom the first to the last patient to be operated on during the two days? Solution: Either one Jong and two short operations or four short operations will be done in a single day. The Jong operations will be done on patients 1 and 3. Less than four short operations are being done in options B. So option B can be eliminated.Surgeons cannot do two consecutive operations in one day. Chakravarty is doing two operations on Monday in options A and E. Silvers is doing two operations on Tuesday in option C. So options A, C, and E can be eliminated. Answer is D 12. If patignt 1 is scheduled for the first operation on Monday, the surgeons’ schedule for the other operations on Monday, in order of time, could be A. Chakravarty, Silvers B. Chakravarty, Tyson C. Sivers, Tyson D. Tyson, Chakravarty E. Tyson, Silvers Solution: Patient 1 would be operated by Tyson in the first slot. So Tyson cannot do the second operation, Options D and E can be eliminated as in these two options, Tyson is operating in the second sht. As Tyson has done a long operation on patient 1 he cannot do anymore operations on that day. So options B and C can abo be eliminated Answer is A 13. If patients 1 and 2 are among those whose operations are scheduled for Monday, which of the following patients is among those whose operations nmst be scheduled for Tuesday or not scheduled at all for the two days? Ad moos ewan Solution: Sivers would be operating on patient 2 and 4. If he operates on patient 2 on Monday, he has to operate on patient 4 either on Tuesday or do the operation next week Answer is AQuestions 14-16 Six paintings- F, G, H, J, K, and L- are to be sold at a three-day auction, The painting are to be divided into three groups- groupl, group 2, and group 3- and each group is to be sold on one of the days of the auction. The paintings to be included in each group are to be selected according to the following conditions. * Groups 2 must contain at least as many paintings as group 1, and group 3 must contain at east as many paintings as group 2. + Hand K, paintings by the same artist, must be in the same group as each other. + Fand L, paintings of similar subjects, nmst be in différent groups from each other * G and H, estimated to be the two most valuable paintings, must be in different groups from each other. + If 7 is in group 3, K must abo be in group 3 because of a request fiom the avetioneer for the third day. Six paintings- F,G, H, J, K, and L. 3 groups- 1, 2, and 3. Group 3 (paintings) > Group 2 (paintings) 2 Group 1 (paintings), Hand K together in group. F and L cannot be in the same group. G and H cannot be in the same group. If Jis in woup 3, K amst ako be in group 3. v v v v v v v 14. If His in group 1, which of the folowing must be tue? A. Fis in grow 2 B. Gis in group 2 C. Jis in group 2. D. Lis in group 2. E. Lis in group 3. Solution: If His in group 1, K is in group 1. The situation would looks as follows Group 1 Group 2 Group HK IfK is not in group 3, then J is not in group 3. As group 1 lias two paintings, Group 2 mist have at least two paintings or more and group 3 must at east have two paintings or more. So J can only be put it group 2. Answer is C15, If Ts in group 3, which of the following could be in group 2? A. Fand G B. FandL C. Gand H D. Hand K E. Handl Solution: IfJ is in group 3, then K is in goup 3. If K is in group 3, then H is in group 3. The situation would Jook as follows: Group 1 Group 2 Thus we can eliminate options C,D and E because in these options H.is in group 2. If group 3 has three paintings, the rest of the three paintings need to be distributed between groups 1 and 2. Group 2 can now have two paintings and group 1 can have one painting. Now F and L cannot be in the same group. So either F or L can go info group 1 and the other painting can go into group 2. This would be as follows Group 1(1) Group 2(2) Group 3 FL LE LEH Group 2 can have one extra painting. This painting would be G. So G can be in group 2 with either ForL: Group_1.(1) Group 2.(2) FL LF, G One of the options is F and G in group 2 which in mentioned in option A. Answer is A 16. If Gis in group 3, which of the following could be tue? Fis the only painting in group 1 Jis the only painting in group 1 Jis in group 3. Hand Jare in group 2. Jaand L are in group 2. rpoeeSotution: 1G is in group 3, H camot be in group 3. So K cannot be in group 3 which leads to J not being in group 3. The situation would be as follows: Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 GEEKS We can eliminate option C because in option C. Js in group 3. ‘Now let us try out option A and see if it coukl be tre. If F is the only painting in group 1, then two to three paintings need to be in group 2 and three to four paintings need to be in group 3: Group_1(1) Group 2 (2/1) Group 3 3/4) F GHEI ‘Now as we can see H, K and J cannot be in either group 1 or group 3. So they have to go in group 2. But group 2 can take only one or two paintings. So one out of the three paintings have no group to be phced in. So we can eliminate option A. Now ‘et us try ont option B. If J & the only painting in group 1, then the situation would be as follows: Group_1.(1) Group 2.(2/1) Group 3 (3/4) T GEE H and K cannot be in group 1 or group 3. So the paintings have to be in group 2: Group _1 (1) Group 2 (2/1) Group _3 (3/4) I HK GHEE As siots are filed up for both group 1 and group 2, the two paintings that are lefl, F and L, have to be put in group 3. This would not be possible as F and L cannot be together in a group, So we can eliminate option B. ‘Now kt us look at option D. H and J are supposedly in group 2. If H is in group 2, then K would be in group 2. Let us look at the scenario: Group 1 Group 2.(3) Group HK GEEKS If group 2 has three patients, group 3 has to have three or more patients. So the kast number of patients that group 3 can have is three. If this is so the 6 patients would be divided between groups 2 and 3. There would be no patients left to put in group 1. Thus this option is not possible. So we can eliminate option D. Answer is EQuestions 17-22 Exactly nine books must be aranged ffom first (Iefimost) to ninth (rightmost) on a shelf = Of the nine books, four are leather-bound books, three are clothbound books, and the remaining ‘two are paperback books. * The four leather-bound books must be next to each other, and the two paperback books nust be next to each other. * The three clothbound books do not have to be placed next to each other. arrative Breakdown Nine books would have nine positions. Leather-bound books (L) - 4, Clothbound books (C) - 3, Paperback books- 2. All the Keather-bound books would be together. All the paperback books would be together. The clothbound books can be placed in separate positions. SAK 648 17. Ifthe sixth book is a keather-bound book and the eighth book is a clothbound book, which of the following must be a paperback book? A. The first B. The second C. The third D. The fourth E. The ninth Solution: The sixth book would be a leather-bound book and the eighth book would be a clothbound book. The scenario would be as follows L 2 3 4 3 Q 8 c rio ‘The kather-bound books can occupy positions 3 through 6 or 4 through 7. The scenario would look as follows: 1 4 P L Z 8 2 c c Cc His 3 L mm Srm ae PIC P cr L L L c c Either ways, the paperback book would occupy position 2.Answer is B 18, The clothbound books must be next to each other if a paperback book is in which of the following positions? A. The first B. The third C. The fifh ‘D. The seventh E. The ninth Solution: Let us try out option A. Ifa paperback book is in the first position, then another paperback book would be in the second position. If we then put the kather-bound books in positions 4 through 7, the scenario would look as follows: 1 2 8 Q P P c c rin nia nia 4 L am We can eliminate option A as we can see fiom above, the clothbound books ean be put in separate positions away from each other ‘Now ket us ty out option B. Ifa paperback book is in the third position, another paperback book can be either in the second or fourth position. Let us look at both scenarios i 2 3 4 i 6 Zz 8 2 c P P L L L L c c OR c c P P L L L L L We can eliminate option B as we can see ffom above, the clothbound books ean be put in separate positions away from each other. ‘Now ket us try option C. If a paperback book is in the fith position. There would be four spaces Jeff on either side, The leather-bound books either have to put in positions 1 through 4 or positions 6-9. The scenarios would look as follows: L 2 3 4 i 6 Zz 8 Q L L L L P P c c c OR c c c P P L L L L Either way, if a paperback book is in the 5 position, clothbound books would occupy either positions 1 through 3 or 7 through 9. Thus clothbound books would be next to each other. Answer is C19. Ifthe second book is a chthbound book and the third book is a paperback book, which of the following can be a clothbound book? The fouth The sith ‘The seventh The eighth The ninth rooee Solution: If the second book is a clothbound book and the thitd book is a paperback book, the situation would look as follows: i 2 3 4 i 6 Zz 8 2 c c P P L L L L c OR c c P P c L L L L As seen fiom above, a clothbound book can be in the ninth position. Answer is E 20. 1f no clothbound book is next to another clothbound book, any of the following could be paperback books EXCEPT the second third fifth seventh eighth npoee Solution: Let ws try out option A. If we put a paperback book in the second position, the situation would ook as follows: 1 c rune Z 8 2 L L c mie ria 3 4 P Cc The paperback book can be put in the second position so that no clothbound book is next to each other. So we can eliminate option A. Let us try out option B. If we put a paperback book in the third position, the situation would look as follows: 1 rH 4 c ria 3 S Z 8 2 P L L L cThe paperback book can be put in the third position so that no clothbound book is next to each other. So we can eliminate option B. Let us try out option C. If we put a paperback book in the ffl position, the situation would look as follows i 2 3 4 3 6 Z 8 Q L L L L P P c Cc c OR c c c P P L L L L AS we can see, in both situations, if a paperback book is in the fith position, clothbound books cannot be put separately fiom each other. Answer is C 24, Ifthe first and seventh books have the same kind of binding, which of the following must be a kather-bound book? The first The second The fourth The sith The eighth rooee Solution: If the first and seventh book have the same kind of binding, they can be clothbound books only. The scenarios would look as follows: i 3 c L c L ann moe moi nals aan ve vic ww vo From what can be seen above, for both scenarios, the kether-bound books must be in the third, fowth and fith position, one of which is mentioned in option C. Answer is C22. Ifa clothbound book is in the fifth position and a keather-bound book is in the ninth position, which of the following pairs of books must have different kinds of binding? The first and the second ‘The second and the third The second and the fourth ‘The third and the fourth The third and the ‘fh rooee Solution: Ifa clothbound book is in the fifth position and a kather-bound book is in the ninth position, the scenario would look as follows: i 2 3 4 i 6 Zz 8 2 c c P P c L L L L OR c P P c c L L L L OR P P c c c L L L L From what can be seen above in the scenarios, the books in the second and fourth position will have a different kind of binding Answer is CSection 5 Questions 1-5 Seven dignitaries- F, G, H, I, N, O, and P- are to be seated together at a diplomatic ceremony. They will be seated in a row of seven clits, numbered from 1 to 7, from front to back. Any seating is acceptable as long as all seven dignitaries are seated, one in each chair, and the seating conforms to the following ruks: + F iust be seated immediately behind O’s chair + G camot sit in the chair immediately in fiont of N’s chair, and G cannot sit in the chair immediately behind N’s chair. + There mst be exactly two chairs between the chairs of H and P. + There mst be at least one chair between the chairs of land P. = N nast sit in chair 3 Narrative breakdown Y Seven dignitaries- F,G, H, 1,N, O, and P. Seat munbers- 1 through 7. 1 is the highest, 7 is the lowest sits in a chair whose number is inmediately higher than F's chair number G cannot sit immediately on either side of N. Hand P should have a distance of two chairs in between. Tand P should have a distance of at least one chair in between. C86 KKK N will sit in chair 3 . Which of the following seating arrangements, ffom chair | through 7, conforms to the rules? A. F,LN,P,G,O,H B. G.P.N.LHO.F ©. LG.N,P,0,F,H D. 1. H, N,P,O,F,G E. OF HNLPG Solution: ‘N will be sitting in chair 3. N does not sit in chair 3 in option E. So we can eliminate option E. is not sitting in a chair whose mmber is immediately higher than F's chair number in option A. So we can eliminate option A. G cannot sit immediately on either side of N which G does in option C. So we can eliminate option c.H and P should have a distance of two chairs in between which they do not have in option D. So we can eliminate option D. Answer is B 2. IFF sits in chair 6 and H sits in chair 7, which of the following dignitaries mst sit in chair 2? AG BI GN DO EP Solution: IfF sits in chair 6 and H sits in chair 7, the scenario would look as follows: L 2 3 4 3 6 F Zz N ° H Hand P would have 2 chairs in between. So P would sit in chair 4. This would look as follows: i 2 3 4 i 6 N P oO F G cannot sit immediately beside N. So G can sit in chair 1. Thus I would need to sit at chair 2. This would look as follows: 1 G Ie Are role Om ttl. mh Answer is B 3. If the seating arrangement, ffom chair 1 through chair 7 is G, I, N, H, O, F, P, which of the following pairs of dignitaries can exchange seats without violating the rules? A. Fand G B. Gand H C. Gand I D. Hand P E. Tand P Solution: ‘The seating arrangement given in the question is as follows: 1 2 3 4 G I N H HHI. Om nNLet us look at option A. If F and G change ples, F would go to chair 1. The condition of © being in a chair immediately before F gets violated. So we can eliminate option A. Let us look at option B. If G and H change places, the distance between H and P would be more than 2 chairs. So we can eliminate option B. Let us book at option C. If G and I change places, G would be immediately beside N which violates the condition of G not being immediately beside N. So we can eliminate option C. Let us look at option D. If H and P change pices, no violation will occur to any of the conditions Answer is D 4. TfO sis in chair 1 and H sits in chair 7, then the munber of chairs between F's chair and I's chair must be A. 210 B. one C. two D. three E fou Solution: If O sits in chair 1 and H sits in chair 7, the scenario would look as follows: 1 2 3 4 i ° N © would be in a chair immediately higher in value than F's chair. So F would sit in chair 2. P ‘would sit in chair 4 to leave 2 spaces between P and H. This would look as follows: 1 2 3 4 5 6 Zz o F N P H P and I would have a distance of at ast one chair. So I would sit in chair 6. This makes the number of chairs between F's chair and I’s chair to be three, Answer is D5. IfH sits in chair 4 and F sits in chair 6, then the dignitaries in chairs 1 and 7, respectively, nmst be A. Gand O B. Gand P Cc. Tand P D. OandI E. Pani O Solution: If Hits in chair 4 and F sits in chair 6, the situation would be as follows L 2 3 4 S N H oO 6 F O és in char 5, which is not the case in options A, D and E. So we can eliminate option A, D, and E. P can sit in either chair 7 or | to leave 2 chairs in between P and H. IfP sits in chair 1, the situation would look as follows: i 2 3 4 3 i 6 P N H ° F T needs to have a distance of at least | chair between I and P. So I will sit at chair 7. Thus G can sit in chair 2. This violates the condition of G not sitting beside immediately beside N. Thus P cannot sit in chait 1. IfP sits in chair 7, the situation would Jook as follows: 1 2 3 4 G 1 N H HHI. Om mh Answer is BQuestions 2 The following are the nine options that are available for the Skuth, a certain make of automobile air-conditioning, power brakes, power steering, power windows, a heavy-duty engine, heavy-duty shock absorbers, a hatchback, a sunroof, a tinted windshield. Because of certain manufacturing and safety considerations, the purchase of these options must conform to the following conditions: * If air conditioning is chosen, a heavy-duty engine, heavy-duty shock absorbers, and a tinted windshiekt are also required. + If any of the power-assisted options (power brakes, power steering, power windows) are chosen, a heavy-duty engine is abo required. + Ifa heavy-duty engine is chosen, power brakes are also required. + Ifahatchback is chosen, a sunroof cannot be chosen. + A tinted windshield can be chosen only for an automobile for which either a sunroof or ait conditioning or both are chosen. ¥ Nine options- air-conditioning (Ac), power brakes (Pb), power steering (Ps), power windows (Pw), a heavy-duty engine (He), heavy-duty shock absorbers (Hs), a hatchback (Hb), a sunroof (S0) a tinted windshield (Iw). v If Acis chosen, He + Hs+ Tw must also be chosen. ¥ IfPbPsPw is chosen, He must be chosen. ¥ IfHe is chosen, Pb must be chosen. Y IfHb is chosen, Sr cannot be chosen. ¥ Twean be chosen if there is Sr/Ac/Both 9. Of the following, which could be a completed selection of optional equipment that conforms to the conditions? A. Power steering, a sunroof B. A hatchback, a sumoof, a tinted windshield. C. Power brakes, power steering, a heavy-duty engine, heavy-duty shock absorbers, a hatchback. D. Ai conditioning, power brakes, a heavy-duty engine, a hutehback, a tinted windshield, E. A conditioning, power brakes, a heavy-duty engine, heavy-duty shock absorbers, a hatchback. Solution: The question asks for a completed sekction of optional equipment. This means that the list in the options must contain every item to fulfill the conditions. Let ws look at option A. If Ps is chosen, then He nmst be chosen. If He is chosen, Pb nust be chosen. Pb is not mentioned in the option. We can eliminate option A.Let us look at option B. If Hb is chosen, then Sr cannot be chosen. We can eliminate option B. Let us look at option C. If Ps is chosen, He is chosen, If He is chosen then Pb is chosen. Having Hs and Hb is aso not breaking any conditions. Therefore Option C is a complete section of optional equipment. Answer is C 10. Which of te following must be tue? A. A Skuth equipped with air conditioning must also be equipped with power brakes. B. A Sleuth equipped with a tinted windshield nmst ao be equipped with a heavy-duty engine C. A Skuth equipped with power brakes must also be equipped with power steering D. A Sleuth equipped with air conditioning nmst also be equipped with a sunroof E. A Skeuth equipped with a sunroof must also be equipped with a tinted windshield Solution: Let us look at option A. If Ac i chosen, then He + Hs+ Tw nust also be chosen. If He is chosen, then Pb must also be chosen. Answer is A 11. Which of the following options can be chosen without the purchase of additional options? A. Heavy-duty shock absorbers B. Power windows C. Power brakes D. A heavy-duty engine E. A tinted windshield Solution: Let us look at option A. Hs can be chosen without the purchase of any of the additional options. Answer is A12. A buyer who does not want ait conditioning but otherwise wants the maximum number of options for a Sleuth CANNOT purchase A. power steering B. power brakes C. power windows D. atinted windshield E. abatchback Solution: Ac cannot be chosen. The available options are He, Hs, Pb, Ps, Pw, Hb, Sr, and Tw. He, Hs, Pb, Ps and Pw can be chosen automatically. IfHb is chosen, then Sr cannot be chosen and thus Tw cannot be chosen. So we have leave out Hb and choose Sr so that Tw can be chosen. Which lists the maximum number options to be7. Answer is EQuestions 13-18 The art director of an advertising company is preparing a sales brochure for a boat-manuficturing company. To represent her client's line of products, she wants a separate fill-page color advertisement in the brochure for each of the following five types of boats: kayaks, motorboat, pedal boat, rafl, and saiboat. Thns, there will be exactly five printed pages, numbered consecutively one through five, in the brochure. Because she also wants to show the range of colors that the manuficturer uses, one of the boats pictured must be green, one mmist be orange, one must be tan, one must be white, and one must be yellow. In designing the brochure, she had made the following decisions: + The motorboat will be advertised on a lower-mumbered page than the pedal boat. + The saiboat will be advertised on a lower-numbered page than the kayak. + The white boat will be advertised on a lower-mumbered page than a yellow boat = The orange boat will be advertised on page three. + The pedal boat advertised will be tan. Narrative Breakdown ¥ Five types of boats- kayaks, motorboat, pedal boat, raf, and sailboat, V Five colors- green, orange, tan, white, and yellow. Y Motor boat in a lower-mumbered page than pedal boat. Y Sailboat in a lower-numbered page than kayak v v v ‘White boat in a lower-numbered page than yellow boat. Page 3 13. Which of the following could be the colors of the boats advertised on pages 1 through 5, respectively? A. White, tan orange, green, yellow B. Green, orange, white, yellow, tan C. Green, tan, orange, yellow, white D. Orange, yellow, white, tan, green E. Tan, yellow, orange, green, white Solution: Orange boat should be on page 3 which is not the case in options B and D, So we can eliminate options B and D. The white boat needs to be before the yellow boat which is not the case in C and E. So we can eliminate options Cand E.Answer is A 14, Any of the boats could be advertised on page 3 EXCEPT the AL kayak B. motorboat C. pedal boat Dz rat E. sailboat Solution: Let us put up amp to help out with the solution: i 2 3 Color: Orange Boat: Pedal boat will be tan, so the pedal boat cannot be advertised on page 3. Answer is C 15.If the kayak i advertised on a lower-mumbered page than the orange boat, which of the following mst be tue? A. The Kayak is advertised on page 1 B. The motorboat is advertised on page 2. C. The pedal boat is advertised on page 5. D. The raft is advertised on page 3. E, The sailboat is advertised on page 1. Solution: Tithe kayak is advertised on a lower-numbered page than the orange boat, the kayak can either go on page 1 or page 2. The situation would look as follows 1 2 3 4 3 Color: Orange Boat: Kayak Kayak As the sailboat needs to be in an earlier/ower-mumbered page than Kayak, the sailboat can be advertised on page 1 only, and Kayak can be advertised on page 2 1 2 3 Color: Orange Boat: Sailboat Kayak 5 The above situation is mentioned in option E.Answer is E 16. If the kayak is green, the boat advertised on page 1 will be AL green. B. orange Cc. tan D. white E. yellow Solution: Let us put up amp for solving the problem: 1 2 3 Color: Orange Boat: The boat being advertised on page | cannot be orange as page 3 would have an orange boat. So we can eliminate option B. The sailboat would be in a lower-mumbered page than the kayak. So kayak, being green, cannot be advertised on page 1. So we can eliminate option A. Motor boat woul be earlier than pedal boat, which is tan. So the boat advertised on page 1 cannot be tan. So we can eliminate option C. Let us put up the resus to help us out in deciding which color would be advertised on page 1: 1 3 3 Color: Green, Tan Orange Boat: The only two colors ket are white and yellow. The white boat needs to be in a lower numbered page than yellow, So the white boat is going to be advertised on page 1. Answer is D 17. If the motorboat is green and is advertised on page 4, which of the folowing mst be true? A. The kayak is advertised on page 2. B. The raft is advertised on page 3. C. The sailboat is advertised on page 1. D. The white boat is advertised on page I. E. The tan boat is advertised on page 2.Solution: If the motorboat is green and is advertised on page 4, the situation would look like this: i 2 3 4 5 Color: Orange Green Boat: Motorboat The motor boat will be in a lower-munbered page than the pedal boat. So the pedal boat, which is green will be advertised on page 5. The situation will look as such: L 2 3 4 3 Color: Orange Green Tan Boat: Motorboat Pedal Boat Page 1 will be filed with white as the white boat needs to be in a lower-numbered page than yellow. Answer is D 18. If the sailboat is advertised on page 2 and the green boat is advertised on page 5, the sailboat mast be A. green B. orange C. tan D. white E. yelbw Solution: If the sailboat is advertised on page 2 and the green boat is advertised on page 5, the siuation would be as such: 1 2 3 4 Color: Orange Boat: Sailboat The sailboat cannot be either green, orange or tan, So we can eliminate options A, B, and C. The sailboat can only be the color yellow. This is because saiboat is in page 2, and the white boat needs to be in a lower-mumbered page than yellow. So the yellow boat can go in page 2 and white boat in page 1 Answer is EQuestions 19-22 On each weekday evening, Monday through Friday, for one week, a financial consubing firm, is offéring class on investments. A pair of exactly two instructors- one experienced and one inexperienced- will be chosen to teach each evening. The availble experienced instructors are Salazar, Tang, and Uhl The avaiable inexperienced instructors are Vine, Wolfe, Xavier, Yamashita, and Zeger. Instructors will be assigned to teach chisses according to the following conditions + No instructor can be assigned to teach classes on two consecutive evenings. * Salazar and Xavier, if either is assigned to teach, nmst always be assigned as a pair. * Vine must be assigned to teach Wednesday's class. "Yamashita cannot be assigned to teach a class on an evening immediately preceding or following an evening when Ziegkr is assigned to teach. Narrative Breakdown Y Classes will be fiom Monday to Friday. ¥ Fach class will have an experienced and an inexperienced instructor. V Experienced instructors- Salazar, Tang, and Uhl V Inexperienced instructors- Vine, Wolfe, Xavier, Yamashita, and Ziegkr. Y Salazar and Xavier mst be teaching on the same day. Y Vine = Wednesday. Y Yamashita cannot teach the day immediately before or aller Zegkr teaches. 19, Which of the following can be the pair of instructors assigned to teach Tuesday's class? A. Salazar and Ziegler B. Tang and Uhl C. Tang and Yamashita D. Uhl and Xavier E. Wolfe and Yamashita Solution: Let us put up a mmp to solve the above question: Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Experienced: Inexperienced: Vine Salizar and Xavier mst be teaching on the same day which is not the ease in options A and D. So ‘we can eliminate options A and D. Each class will have an experienced and an inexperienced instructor which is not the case in options B and E. So we can eliminate options Band E.Answer is C 20. If Tang and Ziegler are assigned to teach Monday’s class, which of the following pairs of instructors can be assigned to teach Tuesday's cass? A. Salazar and Wolfe B. Salazar and Xavier C. Tang and Wolfe D. Uhl and Vine E. Ubl and Yamashita Solution: If Tang and Ziegler are assigned to teach Monday's class, this would book as follow Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Experienced: Tang Inexperienced: Ziegler Vine ‘Yamushita camot be teaching the day immediately after Ziegler teaches. So Yamashita cannot be teaching on Tuesday. Vine is teaching on Wednesday so be cannot be teaching on Tuesday. Tang cannot be teaching on Tuesday because he has taught on Monday. Thus we can eliminate the options C, D, and E. Salazar and Xavier nmst be teaching on the same day which they do not in option A. So we can eliminate option A. Answer is B 21. If exactly two of the inexperienced instructors are assigned to teach classes during the week, which of the following must be true? A. Salazar is assigned to teach exactly two classes, B. Tang is assigned to teach exactly two classes C. Ubl is assigned to teach three classes. D. Vine is assigned to teach exactly three classes E. Xavier is assigned to teach exactly one class.Solution: Let us put up a map to solve the above question: Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thusday Friday Experienced: Inexperienced: Mie Vine Mine If exactly two of the inexperienced instructors are going to take classes during the week, one of them has to be Vine because Vine is already teaching on Wednesday. And he also cannot teach on ‘Tuesday and Thursday. The only days lett for Vine to teach woukl be Monday and Friday: Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thusday Friday Experienced: Inexperienced: Vine Vine Vine Any other inexperienced instructor can come in and teach in the two slots available, does not matter who it i. Answer is D 22. If Uhl is assigned to teach exactly one class, which is on Tuesday, which of the following is one of the instructors who must be assigned to teach Thursday’s. css? AL Salazar B. Tang Cc. Wolfe D. Yamashita E. . Zielger Solution: If Uhl is assimed to teach exactly one class, which is on Tuesday, the siwation woukl be as follows Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Experienced: Uhl Inexperienced: Vine The rest of the chsses will be taken by experienced instructors, Tang and Salazar, This could happen as such: Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Experienced: Tang Uhl Tang, Salazar Tang Inexperienced: VineOR Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Experienced: Salalvzar Uhl Tang Salahzar Tang. Inexperienced: Vine In both scenarios, Salahzar would need to take classes on Thursday. Answer is A