‘PERSPECTIVES b | 3 | a ri re rT uA Vis, IATIONAI GEOGRAPHIC [et i)NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC LEARNING TEDTALKS National Geographic Learning materials with TED Talk help English learners develop a voice of their own through + Inspiring ideas to motivate learning + Effective models of communication + Afocus on critical thinking + Authentic language Learn more by visiting NGL.Cengage.com/TED Inspiring communication - inspiting learning nna ‘An image created by TED Prize winner JR showing Elmar Aliyev, a 20-year-old ‘waiter who immigrated to the US fram Azerbaijan. JR’ original photograph was printed on 6? strips of paper and pasted on Flatiron Plaza in New York City Because the image is abstract up close, and because passersby are free to step conit it sends a powerful message that — lke so many of New York’ 3.1 million immigrants - people pass by Algev without noticing him, oFRartnetPERSPECTIVES INTERMEDIATE Daniel BARBER Lewis LANSFORD Amanda JEFFRIES NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC LEARNING aa» Braall- Mexico = SingaporePerspectives teaches learners to think critically and to develop the language skills need to find thelr own voice in English. The carefully guided language lessons, real stories and TED Talks motivate learners to think creatively and communicate effect n Perspectives, learners develop: AN OPEN MIND Every unit explores one idea from different perspectives, giving learners opportunities for practising language as they look at the world in new ways, Ce aicrai\o a communication© ACRITICAL EYE Students learn the critical thinking skis and strategies they need to evaluate new information and develop their own opinions and ideas to share © ACLEAR VOICE Students respond to the unit theme and express their own ide [ee thaws fidently in English,rs Ree Tr eT Describing Descriptions of s emotions three National Geographic Pronunciation explorers’ work ed adjectives Vocabulary building nna Travel A description of three unusual Vocabulary butding joumeysto school and -ing Compound nouns Sports Apodcast about Past simple and Wvacabuler, AshimaShieishi present perfect building Phrasal verbs Describing food | Apodcastabout Future plans, cookinginschools intentions and arrangements Vocabulary building Compound adjectives Describing work | Apodeastabout Verb pattems: the world of work ing or infiive with to Vocabulary Baral Cav Why do people smile? Critical thinking Rhetorical questions Urbevers life on the edge of the city Critical thinking Selecting information Can athletics protect Afticas lions? Critical thinking Presenting a balanced view Could the best treet food in the wor'd be Filipino? Areablife, crime fighting superpower! Gritical thinking BxaggeratingeI Talking about the present Narrative forms Pronunciation Weak forms: used to Present perfect simple and ‘continuous Pronunciation Weak forms: for Making predictions Pronunciation Sentence stress in future continuous and future pet sentences Present and past modal verbs Sad Asking follow- up questions Idea worth spreading by ee teaching computers how to Understand erations on the faces of usess, we can make mote personal connections with the devices we use ‘Authentic listening skills. Content w ‘Asking for ‘and giving Idea worth spreading The directions, fastest route may be efficient, bur there are times when taking 2 different route can be more interesting and memorable, ‘Authentic listening skills. Understanding accents Agreeing and disagreeing Idea worth spreading Sometimes we have to do extraordinary things to make people pay’ important issues, ‘Authentic listening skills, Signposts Talking about Idea worth spreading Cutting hhopes and goals ‘meat fiom our diet ~ even just par of the time ~ can havea powerful impact on the planet. ‘Authentic listening skills Pausing Critical thinking Persuading) Job interviews, Pronunciation Idea worth spreading Our alle résumés tell employers about ‘our experiences, determination, ‘and abilty to deal with lifes challenges, Authentic listening skills Understanding contrasts TNS Areview Writing skill Emphasis Astory Writing skill just Anopinion essay Writing skill Giving your ‘opinion ‘social media update Writing skill Interesting language ‘formal letter of application Writing skill Hedgingrh i Sc) Peete) Pierce ar Pages 104-115 arr ac The human body Vocabulary building Verbs describing abilty Money and wopping Vocabulary building Adverbs Vocabulary building Negative prefixes Creative arts Vocabulary building Expressions with ake Phrasal verbs about time Vocabulary building Expressions with To radio programme about the human body Three people tak about alternatives tonormal shopping Aconversation, about how Chris Hadfield ‘communicated ‘with Earth from the Intemational Station Four conversations about diferent types of entertainment Eight older people offer advice cM Zero and first conditional The passive Reported speech: statements and questions hd conditional Cand Aworld of cyborgs Critical thinking Bold claims Nothing fora year Critical thinking Reading between the lines An experiment in intercultural ‘communication Critical thinking Using direct speech Making a splash John Harison: the clockmaker who changed the world Critical thinking, Drawing conclusionseG TALKS SG Second conditional i Describing pronunciation 1] Idea worth spreading Photos Iwishand only A wheelchair doesnt have to = mean ‘disbilty, itcan be an | exhilarating new way to see and = experience the world, Authentic listening skills Following the argument have /getsomet Shopping for done ; Idea worth spreading We ee Pronunciation can use bacteria to produce Sentence sess materials that we can tur nto clothes as sustainable and biodegradable alternatives t Authentic listening sills Reformulating Reported speech: Responding verb patterns with Idea worth spreading When sympathetically reporting verbs we talkandlisten with genuine renunciation. interest in the other person, we | Sympathetic will eam amazing things. intonation Pronunciation Authentic listening skills Understanding fast speech Critical thinking Investigating opinions Defining and non-defining relative clauses Asking for and Idea worth spreading Siow 1v__-making Provides realtime, surprisingly | fecommenditions popularentertainment which viewers can relate to Pronunciation Relative ‘Authenticlistening skills Colaboratve listening Critical thinking Supporting your argument Modal verbs: past speculation, deduction and regret Explaining causes and reasons. Idea worth spreading Procrastination can keep us from ims, and we're all ‘Authentic listening skills Guessing the meaning of new Grammar re tice 128 Imegular ver list Witing bank 14 rd ists 154 rence and pra Ta An informal email describing people Writing skill Informal language An ‘announcement Writing skill Relevant information An email of complaint Writing skill Using formal Anema describing a place andits culture Writing skill Paragraphing Aforand against essay Writing skill Using disc markers1\|ntouchwith | . Pee i) mr a 7 —s Sh sitting © Senet es Sent tr on Soe a ee a a i ele tes Cee} ee eee aed 9) | watch a TED Talk about an app that om aCe ec Seed1A Show your emotions VOCABULARY Describing emotions @ Look at the photo and read the caption. What message do you think the artists trying to communicate in this project? © My PERSPECTIVE Complete the sentence so it's true for you. Happiness is diving under the water on a sunny da © Match the sentences (1-9) with the follow-up comments (a-i). I 1 sometimes get scared when I'm on my own. 2 You must be delighted — that’s great news! 3 Iim feeling more relaxed now it’s Saturday. 4 | got abit confused at the start ofthe film. 5. My brother isn’t normally his nervous. 6 Traveling to school on your own can be quite lonely. 7 My patents started to dance. | was so embarrassed! 8 Atthe moment 'm feeling quite stressed 9 a b « d e f Please don't be angry with me. But t was great to see them having fun, I's been a very busy week, so it's nice to have some time off. ‘ve got so much work to do, was only tying to help. | don't even like being at home without anyone else, relly. He's doing a presentation in clas this afternoon, g | understood most of t, though. hh Sometimes I like having time to think quietly before a busy day, though. i When did they tell you you'e inthe team? © Complete the questions with an adjective in bold from Exercise 3, 1 Are you of anything, lke spiders, for example? 2 Have you ever been really _____with your exam results? 3 Doyou get __ifyou cry in public? 4 Is it possible to feel_____ when you are with ots of people? 5 Doyouget before going to the dentist or speaking in class? 6 When you'r feeling ___, what do you do to relax? 7 Areyou about the meaning of any new words today? 8 fsomeone is late, do you feel___ 9 Does reading make youfeel___— © PRONUNCIATION -ed adjectives ‘a Work in pairs, How many syllables does each adjective have? 1 annoyed 4 delighted -—7 interested 10. stressed 2 bored 5 embarassed 8 relaxed 11. surpr 3 confused 6 excited 9 scared — 12. worried b Listen and check your answers. (III ¢ Lookat the adjectives again. Is-ed pronounced /t/,/d/ or /d/? Aor idl 7 fed! annoyed Listen again. Check your answers and repeat the words. INE Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in Exercise 4. Unit 1 In touch with your feelings 9LISTENING Work in pairs. Look at the photo and answer the questions. + What do you know about tigers? + Can photographers take photos like this + How would you feel f you came face to tigerin the wild? fely? How? e with a Listen to descriptions of three National Geographic ‘explorers’ work, What emotions are the speakers describing? Why? SNE anger nervousness unhappiness 1 Matthew Luskin __ 2 William Allard 3 Chris Bashinelli Tigers live in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Russia and Thailand, excitement, fear worry Listen again. Which explorer (Matthew, William or Chris): a 11 described an event with a happy ending for someone who wasn't the speaker? 2 did something he had never done before? 3 wasn't talking about his emotions? 4 was trying to solve a problem in his work? 5 was probably very tired? 6 was surprised at how he felt? GRAMMAR Subject / object questions Work in pairs. Can you remember the answers to these questions? Listen to Wiliam’s story again and check your answers. ERE 1 What does Wiliam Allard do? 2 Who killed Eduardo’s sheep? 3 Who collected money for Eduardo’s family? 4 How much did they collect?SORT een Or ee a Who collected money for Eduardo’s family? National Geographic readers collected money for him, oa b_ Howmuch aid they collect? They collected over $7,000. Read the questions in the Grammar box. Then choose the correct option to complete the sentences. 11 The question word in question a / basks about the subject of the answer (subject question) 2. The question word in question a/ basks about the object ofthe answer (abject question}. 3 Tomakea subject / an abject question in the present simple and past simple we need an auxiliary verb, 9. do, does id 4 Subject / Object questions in the present simple and past simple do not need the auxiliary verb do or did Check your answers on page 128, Do Exercises 1 and 2, Use the prompts to write questions about Chris Bashinelli and Matthew Luskin’s stories. whose story / happen / in Mongolia? what /the men /invite / Chis / to do? what / Chris / say / about the experience? what / Matthew / studying? how many people / tigers /kill/ before the expedition? how many people / hide /in the tree? ausunas Work in pairs. Discuss the answers to the questions in Exercise 12. Complete the questions about emotions. 1 How often = Ilaugh every time I'm with my friends, 2 What TVprogrammes Singing competitions on TV make me angry. 3 Who ? My litle sister cries the most in my family, defintely! 4 Which horror films you'veseen Don't Breathe and Krampus were both scary, but Don't Breathe scared me the most 5 When you feel confused about homework, what Lalla friend 6 Who ourecent My mum embarrassed me an hour ago! Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions Exercise 14. Write five more questions about emotions to ask your classmates. What makes you most excited about the future? Work in groups. Ask and answer your questions.cee Rong Why do people s ‘ , mum ‘Say cheese!’ in maisn- Per erice saline ere sepie Ue hon econ Oe Sue ed Oa tre even told sie $0 they sound fendly hen they speak to customers on the phone! The idea is that callers wl notice ifthe phone operators arent smiling, But why should we want people to smile? 1 We've always known that smiling can express enjoyment, affection or friendliness, but we're learning more and more about facial expressions, and VOCABULARY BUILDING Suffixes fe can make nouns from adjectives by adding sufixes, adjective suffix noun emarra + ment embarrassment friendly friendliness Jepressed depression Write nouns using -ment, -ness or ion. Use a dictionary ifnecessary 1 nervous 4 disappointed 7 confused 2 sad 5 happy 3 excited 6 exhauste © Complete the sentences with a noun or an adjective from Exercise 1 1 Many peopl but thinkit hel 2 Ieltquite at summer camp. It was my first time away from home and I didn't kro 3 had to sing on my own inthe show. felt so that | couldn't sleep 4 Emin worked hard at his exams, He didn’t want to be a that money can't buy s, lass, The but the inthe trip was on We: nesd ail said Thursday 12. Unit 1 In touch with yo realizing that their effect on our relationships is mote powerfull than that. We know that smiling helps us 1s connect with other people in social situations and get ut of arguments and embarrassing situations. We know from studies that smiling regularly may even’ inerease the chances of living longer. In fact, its such an important part of being human that we start it very » young, You probably started smiling to show your happiness when you were just a few weeks old, but you've known how to smile for even longer, Unborn babies get used to moving their facial muscles by smiling, in the same way they practise kicking using 1 their leg muscles, And we aren't the only animals that READING © Work in pairs. Try to make your partner smile. How easy is it? Then discuss the questions. + Look at the pairs of photos (a-c). Which smiles do you think are genuine (real)? Which smiles do you ke (not real)? hy would you pretend to smi + Are you good at recognizing genuine and fake smile pink are © Make a list of things that make you smile. Compare your list with a partner. when my team wins a match, chocolate, © Read the article quickly. Choose the bes subtitle 11 How our bodies affect our emotions 2 The secret power of smiling 3. Smiling expresses many emotions @ Read the article again. Are these sentences true () or false (F), ors the information not given (NG)? are taught to smil kt 10 can't see them, hen they 2 sment by smiling. 3 ‘smile are more likely to get il 4 Other animals smile for the same reasons as humans 5 Eating chocolate has a more powerful effect on our tions than smiling, 6 ter of the article thinks that it’s wrong to smile if jo not feel happy.smile to communicate happiness ~ chimpanzees do it, 100, suggesting that smiling existed before we dl! Have you ever been in this situation: you are angry with a friend but you cant stay angry because they're 4 smiling at you? This is because smiles pass from person to person, and is hard not ro smile back, We actualy Jose some contro of our own facial muscles when sve look at someone smiling at us, When this happens, swe automatically copy their expression, and smiling 2 like them may actually help us understand their emotions better Being happy makes us smile, of course. But smiling also makes us happy. Scientists can take pictures @ Summarize the article in no more than twenty words. Smiling © My PERSPECTIVE Work in groups. Discuss the questions. you think smiling reall is @ good way to feel better? ofyou aren't feeling very happy? der 1 men? Why? + Do you know anyone who smil smile enough? too much / doesn't CRITICAL THINKING Rhetorical questions © Work in pairs. Read the Critical thinking box and discuss the questions (1-4) cd to ma n used to Rhetorical questions are usec isnot expected. Th reader a point, buta reply at information they can expect to rea. + emphasize a point + make @ suggestion, + persuade, + help readers relate the tent own experience. of the brain 0 see what happens when a person is ‘© happy. They sce the same effect when the person smiles, whether they're really happy or not. So a smile isn’t just a sign to others; it i also a message to our brain telling it to feel happy. One study shawed that-a smile can have the same positive effeet on the brain as eating 2,000 bars of chocolate! So, even if you're feeling depressed, a fake smile can make all the difference, If you know someone who's always smiling, pethaps they're using it to control their ‘emotions. Why not control your emotions the same # way? If you sometimes feel sad, worried ot angry, try smiling. You might feel better 1 Look atthe ttle of the article and lst all the reasons the waiter gives for why people smile 2. Whyis ta good idea to have a question asa 3 There ae three more questions in the article, Underline them, Match the questions with three ofthe functions in the Critical thinking box. 4 Write a question to include inthe article for ane ofthe other two functions @ Read about the ‘Pan Am smile’. Then look at the photos again. Can you find the fake smiles more easily? The Pan Am smile’ is named after the fight attendants ith this old American airine, They were famous for friendly customer service and for always smiling Everyone knew that these smiles weren't genuine but they were an expression of friendliness and had a positive effect on the passengers. all use Pan A\ ils be situations where showing unh Smiling has the Important social people happy. use there are many iness would be rude. inction of keeping But how can you tll the differen smile and a fake smile? In the ni French scientist Gullaurne Duch we use two sets of facial muscle mouth and eyes. Pan Am smiles only u so the secret Isto look atthe eyes. yetween a genuine eenth century, iced that (0 smile: around the the mouth, Unit 1 Intouch with your feelings 13,ry een 1C A breath of fresh air GRAMMAR Talking about the present @ Read the sentences in the Grammar box. Underline examples of the present simple, present continuous and present perfect. Talking about the present 1a Weve always known that smiling can express enjoyment, affection or rendliness. b We'e learning more and more about facial expressions. «¢ We know fom studies that smiling may even increase the chances of living longer. d We aren‘tthe only animals that smile to communicate happiness ~ chimpanzees dot, too. e You are angry with a friend but you can't stay angry because theyre smiling atyou. f Ifyou know someone who's always smiling, 1g Ifyou sometimes fel sad, worried or angry, try smiling © Complete the rules by writing present simple, present perfect or present continuous. Then match each rule with an example from the Grammar box. 1 Weuse the + totalk about things that an ally true, eg. scientific facts. + to describe habits and rout cords like sometimes and never) + with state verbs, eg. enj 2 Weuse the + totalk about actions time of speaking/ writin: + to talk about changing si + with almays to describe actions that happen emotional response in the 3 Weuse the + to describe actions that started PP 1 the present time, or at the They may cause an st and continue to the present, Check your answers on page 128. Do E © Choose the correct options to complete the paragraph. (1) Are you feeling / Have you felt noment? Pethaps its because you (2) are always s infront ofa comp these days. So what should yo d be the sort of person who (3) is usually reading / usu stance, oF (4) plays / has played video games for relaxation ou (5) are believing / believe that the answer to everyday st side, surrounded by nature. (6 Are you enjoying / of from cities, cars and computers and heading into the m t we (7) need / are needing time off work to relax, though ‘oming more and more difficult to get away. But people (9) ave enjoyed forests, parks, lakes and rivers for thousands of years, sof life (10) 0 too much to cope with recently, think about taking a bre ‘ora walkin the park, even fi’s just for an hour or two. screen© Read about the effect nature can have on our brains. ‘Complete the text with the best form of the verbs: present simple, present continuous or present perfect. A.group of 22 students (1), (take) a break from their everyday lives at the University of Utah Normally, they (2) (Git in front oftheir ‘computer screens studying psychology, but this week they (3), (camp) with Professor David Streyer in the mountains of Utah. Streyer (4) (Spend) many years studying the effect of nature on ‘our brains We (5) (know) about the benefits of nature ‘on the body for many years, but now we can see what nature (6) ____ (do) to the brain, Our stress levels (7)_____ (drop) just by looking at photos of scenes from nature. Many people (8) (think) that litle by litle, technology (9) (destroy) ‘our lives, but Streer (10) (believe) that after Just two or three days away from modern life, we can start to think diferently and more healthily © Read about healing forests in South Korea. The wrong verb form has been used in some of the sentences. Correct the verbs that are wrong. 1 Nature is being very important in Korean culture for hundreds of years, 2 But most South Koreans live ‘digital lives in large cities nowadays. 3. Their lives become more digital and more stressful every year. 4 Koreans work very long hours, and stress levels among ‘workers and students go up in recent years 5. The government has believed thatthe answer can be found in ‘healing forests. 6 These are places of natural beauty where people go to relax to reconnect with nature and to rest 7 We now know that spending time outside reduces stress chemicals in the body and helps it to fight disease. 8 Currently there have been 37 healing forests in Korea, and they are becoming very popular. 9 Many of them are close to big cities lke Seoul, where people can get to them easily 10 People are often going there to walk, learn about plants, do yoga or just relax under the trees. © Use the prompts to write questions using the best tense: present simple, continuous or perfect. 1 you/go//to the countryside much recently? 2. where /you/ usually / go /to spend time outdoors? 3 what / you /like / doing in the countryside? 4 your parents / always / make / you do activities that you don't enjoy? What? 5 you / normally / feel / relaxed when you get home? 6 you / always / check / your mobile phone, or can you leave it at home? 7 ‘if you /live /in atown or city,/ you /be/ happy? 8 you / plan / to go to the countryside any time soon? @ Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions you wrote inFxercise 6. © Workin groups. Discuss the questions, + Ate young people spending as much time in the ‘countryside now as in the past? Why? / Why not? + What are the advantages of doing outdoor activites? + What kinds of activities do you and your fiends ike doing outdoors? + What outdoor activities are popular with young people at the moment? © You are going to design a leaflet for an outdoor activity centre in your country. Answer these questions about the leaflet, + What type of activity centre wilt be — more like a healing forest or an adventure park? + What will get lots of people interested? What will be ‘good for young people's health and happiness? + How will you attract people to your centre? + What photos or other images will you include? © cHoose 1 Design your leaflet and present ito other groups. 2 Make a video to go with the leaflet. 3 Write the text for your leaflet.This app knows how you feel — from the look on your face Ta RANA EL KALIOUBY Read about Rana el Kaliouby and get re AUTHENTIC LISTENING SKILLS Itis difficult to listen for every word a speaker says, When \we listen, itis easier to understand the important content, words, because these are usually stressed. Content words. usually give enough information for us to understand the meaning of a sentence. Read and listen to the first sentence in the TED Talk Notice how many of the content words are stressed. INEM Oures nfl cour health and how we learn, to how nake decisions, big ones and small. of our lives, from do business and Look at the list of types of words that are usually stressed. Read the next sentences from the talk and underline the words you think will be stressed Then listen to check. (NL Stressed Not stressed adjectives les pronout nouns conjunctions auxiliary verbs main prepositions adver Our ernotions also influence how we connect with one another. We've evolved to live in a world lke this, but, instead, we're living more and So1'm on a miso emation re of our ange that, back into our digital experiences. 16 Unit 1 Intouch with your feelings er TED Talk WATCH Look at the emojis. Then discuss the questions in pairs. + What emotions do these emojis express? + Doyou ever use e use them, eg. email, t Ihere do you social media? emaji to at other wa online? are feeling? can you use ta e ss your fee Watch Part 1 ofthe talk. Are the sentences true (T) or false (F) according to Rana? [EBM 1 Atthe moment its difficult to connect emotion: with others in text messages, emails, etc. 2. Rana was with her husband in Cambridge 3 The human face can shaw 45 emotions 4 its hard to teach @ computer the difference betwe asmile anda smirk 5 Th studied lots of similar faces. -ompi Watch Part 2 of the talk. Which emotions does Cloe demonstrate? CEE 1 alittle bit happy 6 noemotion po 2 angry 7 sac 3 confused 8 scar 4 cisgustec 9 surprised 5 nervous 10 very happyWatch Part 3 ofthe talk. Choose the correct option to complete each sentence. [3 1 Women in the UK/ USA are more expressive than mer 2. The most expressive age group is people older / younger than 50, 3 People with learning difficulties could use ther phones / wear special glasses to help them understand other people's emotions. 4 Rana can/ can't think of many other ways her technology could be used. Work in pairs. Watch Part 3 of the talk again. What is your favourite use of the technology that Rana mentions? Why? [3 VOCABULARY IN CONTEXT a Watch the clips from the TED Talk. Choose the correct meaning of the words and phrases. C3 b Complete the sentences in your own words. Then ‘work in pairs and compare your sentences. + felt homesick once when | ta when + The person in my family with the most wrinkles is + The characteristics of good friend are oy for me's TALKS Work in groups. Think of different ways Rana’s software could be used. Think about: + advertising rtainment (TV, films, conce + health and medicine + people with physical problems and learning difficulties + shopping and fashion + social media + en theatre, + other areas Think about your ideas. Which ones could: ‘+ make lots of money? + help people with problems? + belots offun? Put comments a-d in order (1-4). 1 is the comment you agree with most, 4s the one you agree with least* a This technology is fun, but | don't think isn any more. These days, we communicate more with ‘webcams and video, We don't need the computer to read faces for us. We can read them ourselves. scary hy do we need it now? but | worry that ito sell more prox companies will only u 4 don'tlke the idea of my computer reading my emotions. 'sa scary idea! created for this activity Workin pairs. Compare your ideas. How do you think Rana would respond to the comments? “These comments we Unit 1 Intouch with your feelings 171E The feel-good factor Asking follow-up questions Who What When did itcome: Sowhatsit about? What sort of fm /movie st? Who directed it? Where i it set? Would you recom TC SPEAKING © Workin pairs. Read about India’s longest-running movie. Discuss ‘the questions. The Bollywood movie Dita ne of India’s most success nas stil sh n Mumbai more than twenty ory with a happy ending, © Check that you know the meaning of the words in bold in these sentences. 1 I don't think anyone cou effects were amazing! 2 The first lm was sofrightenin ‘mgoing to watch the sequel 3 [thas a great soundtrack but som ors can't sing very wel : long, but the spectal 4 It’s an emotional story about iers during the The cast is amazing ~ Tom Hanks 2 Damon are init 5 ts gota really exciting plot. The ending was a complete surprise! 6 There were one or two scenes th: funny that I cried with laughter. © Match the types of film (a-f) with the sentences (1-6) in Exercise 2. a acomedy d amu b adrama @ asci-fimovi ¢ ahoror movie f athiiler Q Listen to two friends talking about a film, Choose the correct options. Name of film: The Way We Were / The Way Way Back Steve: Type of film: animation / comedy Set in: ahotel/ a waterpark Plot: An unhappy teenager / father goes on holiday with his family and makes new friends. Recommended? Yes / No © Listen again, Which follow-up questions in the Useful language box do you hear? (rm© Match the questions you heard in Exercise 5 with these answers about a different film. Do you know the film? 1 it's sci film. i's the first ina series of four. 2 twas released in 2012. 3 She played one of the main characters in X-Men: Apocalypse. 4 5 ites the story of a young waman who fights for her life in a competition. untry of the future called Panem 6 Itstars Jennifer Q Work in pairs. Student A: Tel Student B about a film you've Student 8: Ask follow-up questions to find out n en, WRITING A review © Are the expressions in the Useful language box used to talk about books, films or both? © Read the review on page 149. How many stars does the writer give the novel? © Read the review again. List the book's good points and the reviewer's cticisms @ WRITING SKILL Emphasis a Read the sentences. Which sentence emphasizes the way the person feels about the plot more? 1 Ireally ved the plot 2. What | really loved was the plot b Find three more sentences in the review that add emphasis € Complete these sentences so that they are true for the film you talked about in Exercise 7 1 One thing that I loved about the film was 2 What found disappointing was 3. What made me really think was © Choose a film or a book you know. Write a review that includes: + introductory sentences that give basic information about the film or book. + ashort description ofthe plot. + the good and bad things about it. + your opinion and emotional response toi. a sentence that tells the reader to watch or read it (or not. © Read other students’ reviews. Which books or films would you like to read/see? Talking about films and books Itstars les setin 8 g00 {ts a moving /inspin ng/ funny story. itely recommend it pu Unfortunately, thought it was —Students in Colombia crossing the Rio Negro canyon usit cables to get to school. reece rear) eee Pee PMS Roe oa na PCE hE ee Ue Pr2A Getting from A toB VOCABULARY Travel @ my PERSPECTIVE Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. +Travel s the only thing you buy that makes you richer’ What does this quote mean to you? + What are the benefits oftravel? Do you want to be a traveler? Why? / Why not? + Look it the photo and read the caption. Would you like to go to school ke y do you think the children don't have a safer way of traveling? + How do you get to school? this? © Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. 1. How many ways of getting around can you think of? Make a ist. 2. Lookat your list: Which form of transport + isthe cheapes + isthe fastest? + isthe most stressful? * lets you see the most? © Complete the sentences with these pairs of words. cruise + excursion commute + lift expedition + voyage flight + destination ride + route trip + backpacking 1 My mum and dad by car, so they normally give me a to school. 2 RY5608 - that isn't our__. Its flying to the same but it's a diferent airline 3. Some passengers on the ___stayed on the ship, but we went on the that they organized around the old port. 4 We had an amazing _ Tm glad we were and didh’t stay in a hotel, We saw more of the country that way. 5 When! went fora bike ____yesterday, I took a different | get bored going the same way all the time. to the Antarctic lasted a year. After a difficult month-long he scientists started their research, @ Cross out the item in each list that does not collocate with the verbs) catch/miss my bus, my train, my car get home, lost, school, from Azo8 get on/off the bus, the car, the train, the plane get to know the city, your way around, a trip get to work, home, scho go for a trip, abike ride, a drive go on afight,a journey, a travel, a trip, an expedition, a cruise take a taxi, an hour, two kilometres, public transport evouaune © Complete the sentences with a word from Exercise 3 or 4, Then finish them so they are true for you. 1My to 2 The best way for visitors to__ to know my city is by 3K public transport, | prefer to travel by ... because 4 The last ong journey | on was to 5 Ificould takea_____ anywhere, I'd choose ... as my destination. Unit2 Enjoytheride 21LISTENING Listen to descriptions of three journeys to school. Complete the table. [AlN Where —|How |Time/ | What theylive | they | distance | they do travel |they | onthe travel_| way Santiago Muftoz 2Chosing | The Himalayas 3 Daisy Mora | Listen again. Who (Santiago, Chosing or Daisy): GSE travels the furthest? nt take long to get to school? stays at school for along time? gets up early to get to school o takes public transport to get to travels with a parent? 7 has a dangerous joumey to school? (2 people) 8 is going to have an easier journey to school soon? ime? hol? auswne Paes GRAMMAR Adjectives ending in -ed and -ing Read the sentences in the Grammar box. Underline the adjectives. Which adjectives describe the journeys? Which adjectives describe how the people feel? Crs ET nee a ‘a You might think your ourney o school takes ages, but Santiago Murioz has one of the most tring school commutes in the world... Hes excited about having ‘more time to spend with fiends and getting more sleep! bb They don't talk much, but iis never boring, Ittakes them six days and at the end they are exhausted. «For some students living along the Rio Negro, their Journey to schools absolutely terrifying .. If Daisy is frightened, she doesn't show it Choose the correct option to complete the sentences. iple adj verbs, They ust 1 tives are adjectives that sally end in -ing or -ed. jectives that describe how a person feels end in 2 Adjectives that descr an emotion end in the thing that makes you fee! /-ed. Check your answers on page 130. Do Exercises 1 and 2. Ere ices noe us | «iMatch the -ed adjectives (1-8) with their meanings (a-h). Then complete the -ing adjectives. -ed adjective __| meaning aa 2 exhausted -ing adjective rifled le terrifying 3 annoyed 4 disappointed “5 depressed 6 shocked 7_worted 8 confused surprised because of something bad that happened iddenly b unhappy and alittle angry about something ¢ unhappy because something was not as good as you hoped or because something did not happen thinking about bad things that might happen @ very frightened very sad and without hope g unable to think clearly about or understand something hh very tired Choose the correct option. Then work in pairs and tell your partner about one or two experiences you have had. 1 a destination you were looking forward to seeing but you found abit disappointed / disappointing when you got there Iwas excited about a school excursion to the History ‘Museum, but it was really boring. Everyone was really disappointed. 2 atemifed /temifing moment you've had on aca 3 a day when you did so much walking that you we absolutely exhausted / exhausting a the end 4 the longest and most bored / boring journey you ever been 0 5 ajouey when you were very worried / wor you wouldn't get to the destination on time 6 an annoyed / annoying delay on public transport that you realy didn’t need 7 a depressed / depressing tip somew erible time 8 an expedition that you'd be very excited / exciting togoon er when you had Work in groups. Share your stories from Exercise 11 Whose experiences have been the most exciting / boring / tiring / frightening / disappointing?VOCABULARY BUILDING Compound nouns What places do visitors to your city ora city near you usually visit? ‘Match words in column A with words in column B to make compound nouns. Check in a dictionary to find out if the compound nouns are one or two words. A B 1 sight a site 2 awalking b station 3° anunderground © transport 4 shopping d seeing 5. abuilding e centre 6 public f tour 7 urban tracks 8 railway h top 9 ashy i park 10 aroof J exploration 11. anamusement ke scraper 12 aview 1 point Listen and check your answers to Exercise 2. Underline the stressed part of each compound noun. Is there a general rule about where the stress is? SOME 24 Unit2 Enjoy the ride Which of the compound nouns in Exercise 2 are: 1 things visitors might do, use or visit? 2 buildings 3 places th don't normally go? Use the compound nouns in Exercise 2 to make eight sentences about your town or city. READING You are going to read an article about urban explorers, (urbexers). What would you like to find out from this article? Write three questions about urbexers you would like to know the answers to. Then read the article to check if your questions are answered. Read the article again. Choose the correct ending to complete the sentences. 1 The article begins by talking about options for tourists, because a they are good examples of urban exploration. b they are very different from the activities that urban explorers do. the writer wants to recommend some exploring cites. ys ofGET How do you get to know a city you've never been to before? For most people, the typical tourist options are enough, Take a bus tour to see the sights or, if you're feeling energetic, consider a walking tour. To get a taste of city life, use public transpor. But there are people who want more than the standard tourist options. They are urbexers ~ urban explorers. They're interested in discovering parts of the city we normally see as less beautiful, the places tourists are not supposed to see: ghost underground stations that have been closed for years, shopping centres and amusement parks at night, abandoned* factories, building sites, tunnels and railway tracks. It's, not for everybody. You can’t be scared of heights or small spaces and you have to be willing to take risks. Bradley Garrett is one of them, Usbexers don’t follow the same routes as everyone else: ‘T've been to Paris six times and I've seen more of the city underground than I have above ground,’ he says. ‘If somebody asked me for a good restaurant, I'd have no idea.” It wasn’t until Bradley and his urbexer friends had. climbed to the top of London's tallest skyscraper, the Shard, and hac managed to visit all of the city's fourteen abandoned underground stations that the police stopped them exploring as a group. Bradley was studying urbexers for a book he was wri when they had to stop. 2 The places that urban explorers visit are a always underground, bb not used any more. € not usually attractive to many people. 3 Bradley Garett a knows Paris very well doesn't like high places. ¢ wouldn't be a very good guide for traditional tourists. 4 Bradley and his fiends ‘a weren'tallowed to go to London’s abandoned underground stations. canno longer explore together ¢ didn't climb the Shard. 5 Garrett's trip to the top of the Legacy Tower was. a easy. b lonaly ¢ well planned. 6 Zhao Yang a investigates abandoned factories. b explores with friends, © doesn't want to tell anyone about his experiences. 7 Thearticle ends by {a describing more activities that urban explorers do. bb recommending other ways of exploring cities. ¢ explaining the health benefits of urban exploration Bradley’s best experience as an urbexer was in Chicago with friends when they climbed the Legacy Tower, a 72-storey skyscraper. ‘We were sitting on a rooftop looking up at this building when someone suggested we try to get up it. So we walked in and just got in the lift after some residents had opened the door. When we made it up to the roof, it was the most incredible view I've ever seen, Why do urbexers do it? Many enjoy the excitement of putting themselves in danger. Some enjoy the feeling they get from being alone in abandoned places. ‘I feel I'm the only person in the world,’ says Zhao Yang, a Chinese 29-year-old who explores places where people used to work, like old industrial sites and abandoned hospitals. Like many urbexers, Zhao is a keen photographer who takes his smartphone to record what he sees and, like many, he also writes a blog about his experiences, but he prefers to explore alone. ‘This can be dangerous, of course, but if you're interested in exploring city spaces, there are safe ways of doing it. For example, it’s easy to look at 2 map, identify an area that is new fo you and go there. Another way is to try to get lost in your own town, Or you could just set off for a walk without planning: your route. Who knows what you might find! abandoned lef! empty CRITICAL THINKING Selecting information a if they are writing about something that is unfamiliar to alot of people, writers have to think about the kind of information that will interest their readers. Read the Critical thinking box. Which questions does the atticle answer about urbexers and urban exploration? 1 Does urban exploration happen all over the world? 2. How long have people been exploring in this way? 3. How many people do it? 4 fl want to explore my local urban area, what can I do? 5 Is the word ‘utbexer in the dictionary? 6 What are sorne of the stores that urbexers have 7 Why is urban exploration attractive to some people? 8 What kind of places do urbexers visit? 91 What personal qualities do urbexers need? Work in groups. Discuss the questions. + Did the article answer all your questions from Exercise 6? + What other information would you like to see in the article? How could you find out the answers to the questions that weren't answered? Do you think the author did a good job? Did he choose the information that was interesting to you? Unit 2 Enjoy the ride 25Reed ecemacs Sydney on $20 GRAMMAR Narrativ Work in pairs. Can you remem t's adventure at the Legacy Tower? Retell the story using rooftop Check your ideas in Exercis n page 25. Choose the correct options ntences in the Grammar box. Treo ‘a Itwasnt until Bradley and had climbed /were climbing to the top ofthe Shard and used to manage /had managed to vst al of the city’s ‘abandoned unde ation’ estopped /were stopping them exploring as a group. bb Bradley studied /was studying ust they had to stop. ¢ Wehad sat/were sittin. suggest we ty foget up and ust had got/ got the door, Zhao Yang explores pl industrial sites and aban ra book he wrote / was writing when suggested/used to walked / were walking in ts had opened /were opening ple were working / used to work, like old Read the sentences in the Grammar box and complete these rules with past simple, past continuous, past perfect or used to When we tell stories or talk 1 weuse another action hap} souse it tog ion. Itis not used with state ned, ‘onnected with when, while or as. W verbs (know, love, etc.) 2 we usuall IFactio 3 weuse before anot before and a 4 we usually use were true in the past but ar actions in the past ‘onnected with after, habits and routines that Check your answers on page | Read about freeganism. What are the advantages of living like this? Would you ike to lve like this? What do you think the disadvantages are? e costs almost nothing, Its simply using your skils so you don't have to pay for things. People who p freeganism are called ‘freegans, and they fey want to save money and reduce their impact on the noose to eat food that has been thrown away and find alternatives to sleeping inhotels and paying for transport when they travel Freeganism is a way of living aBecky Khalil was a freegan in Australia for some time. Choose the correct options to complete what she says about travelling as a freegan in Sydney. 1(1) used to think / was thinking that Austalia was a really expensive place, andthe fist time (2) went / had gone there, | worked to pay for my living expenses, But while (3) had stayed / was staying in Australia last time, I(4) found used to find another way to lve. (5) used to use / had ready used my working visa on my first trip, so couldn't get aj this time. To make things worse, someone (6) was stealing / had stolen all my money during a train journey. So 17) became / had become a freegan. Before, (8) used to buy / was buying too much food and threw alot oft away, but this time |) had eaten / ate leftover food from friends and shops, like day-old bread. |(10) didnt spend / hadn't spent anything on accommodation, less than $100 on travel and: less than $20 0n food for six weeks! Complete the rest of Becky's story with the best form of the verbs. Most ofthe time, fiends of mine (1) ____ (let ime sleep on their sofas, but before my trip | (2)___ (contact) a company that organizes “house-siting’ jobs, sol sometimes looked after houses when the owners were on holiday. To save money on bus fares, (3) (get lifts with people| knew, and wile (4) — (travel) around the country, | usually decided to camp. Once I went to sleep under the stars because | (5) (be) too tired to put my tent up. Finding cheap or free food was much easier than | (6) ____ (expect) itto be, Even in winter, lenjoyed it because (7) (live) with other freegans and we (8) (become) friends and helped each other. At the end of each day, shops gave us anything they (9) (not sel). Believe itor not, we(i0)______(eat) extremely well PRONUNCIATION Weak forms: used to Listen to these sentences. How is used to pronounced? Practise reading the sentences. [EIB 1 Our grandparents never used to throw thelr food away. 2. Did people use to travel a lot when your parents were young? 3 A: Do you enjoy travelling by plane? 8: | used to, but not any more. Complete the sentences in your own words. Then work in pairs and compare your sentences. 1 Before this lesson | didn’t know 2 When I was younger, | used to 3 Ididnttuse to... (but Ido now) 4 The last time |... was when 5 | didn't spend any money when 6 | bought... while | was Prepare notes about atrip or journey you have taken that was memorable in some way. Use these questions tohelp you plan what you are going to say. ‘+ Where did you go? Did you use to go to the same destination regularly, or was this the frst time? + How did you travel? ‘+ When did you make the trip? + Who did you gowith? + What memorable things happened? What were you doing when they happened? + How did you feel about the journey in general? CHOOSE 1 Workin pairs. Tell your stories to each other. Ask each other questions to find out more. 2 Present your story to the class. 3 Write your story. Read each other's stories and choose your favourite.~» Happy maps DANIELE QUERCIA ee ete ete err AUTHENTIC LISTENING SKILLS When you travel abroad or listen to people on TV and the internet, you will hear foreign and regional accents in English. t's helpful to practise listening to different accents so you can enjoy listening to people from all cover the wortd. Listen to the beginning of the TED Talk, fist said by a native English speaker and then by Daniele Quercia, a native Italian speaker. Compare the pronunciation, ofthe underlined sounds. SIE a confession to make. Asa scientist and engineer ve focused on efficiency for many years. How do you say these sentences? Listen to Daniele and anative speaker to compare, GEM 1 lived in Boston and worked in Cambrid 2 |teamed up with Luca and 3 They also recalled how some paths smelled and sounded. MY PERSPECTIVE Which of these statements do you agree with? Why? 1 Leamers should try to sound like native speakers of English 2. Sometimes i's easier to understand 0 speakers of English than native speakers. 3 Your foreign accent in English isan imp your identity, so be proud ofit. ative tant part of 28 Unit2 Enjoy the ride Mea Cae WATCH What do you usually see on your journey to school? What can you hear? What can you smell? Watch Part 1 of the talk. Answer the questions. CEI a lped Daniele see that travel isn’t) to Barcelona race he took part in ba ¢ his commute to work 2. How was the new route different from the old one? a It went along Massachusetts Avenve. b Ithad less traffic € It was shorter and quicker at does Daniele say about mappit a They encourage people to explor They give you too many choices about which way otravel ng apps? more. cT ey are very similar to computer games. Watch Part 2 of the talk. Choose the correct option to complete each sentence. [EX 1 Daniele changed his research to look more at how people experi sd path on the map is the sho 1 / get around the city. est / most takea test4 The fist map that they designed was of Boston / London 5 Their research now is in developing maps based on und and memories / sig 6 Their goal is to encourage people to take the best path / through the city many p VOCABULARY IN CONTEXT ‘a Watch the clips from the TED Talk. Choose the correct meaning of the words and phrases. CUES 'b Think of examples of the following things. Then work in pairs and compare your examples. + aplace that’s surrounded by countryside + atime when you felt shar + somewhere that only has a + asituation that makes you + atime you teamed u with sameone Work in pairs. Daniele asks ‘What if we had a mapping tool that would return the most enjoyable routes based on smell, sound and memories?’ Think of places near where you live that: + have an interesting smell + make you think of an int + remind you of a memory. Tell your partner about them, Work in groups. Discuss the questions. 1 How do mal s Daniele think that his mapping app will ople's lives better? 2 Daniele’s London map shows routes that are short, happy, beautiful and quiet. Which kind of route would you prefer to use to get around your city? Why? 3 Why might these peop kind of mapping a be interested in using t Give reasons for each one, + a tourist spending a week in a new city + acourier who delivers leters and parcels quickly for companies by + astudent + ataxid 4 Would you like to ha smartphone? Why? / Wi his mapping app on your wy not? Work in pairs. Look at a map of your town or a city that you know well. Plan two one-hour walking routes for the city, + Route 1. This must include as many beautiful sights and 9 places as possible, + Route 2. This must include the places mos li interest teenagers who are visting the city ly to Work in groups. Compare your routes and discuss the questions. + Which of the tou tourist? ¥ + What other types of (guided) tours could you offer in the town or city? would you enjoy most if you were a Unit 2 Enjoy the ride 292E You can't miss it CSUs ‘A Asking for directions Excuse me, Do you know the way 0..? B Giving directions Goall the way up there until ‘you get 10 Atthe trafic lights, go straight on/ tur right After 200 metres, take the first turning on the eft € Talking about landmarks and destinations Gopesta... onyourleft/right The train station's on your lf D Talking about time and distance Ws not very fa from here, Its no more than a kilometre fiom there 30 Unit2 Enjoy the ride SPEAKING @ Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. How do you find your jost? Have you ever used a map, satnav or app to help you, or do © Listen to two conversations. Complete the table. NIKI ou prefer Conversation 1_| Conversation 2 1 Do the speakers know each 2 Where do they want to 3 How are they travelling? 4 How farisit? 5 What will they do ifthey get © Look at the map and listen again. Match a letter from the map with each of these places. 5 11 where the first conversation takes place 3 thecinema 2 the science museum 4 Melanie's house © Use one word to complete the expressions. Listen again to check, [NNT to the museum. fifteen minutes’ an you__me: Its quite a long 3 Go up Northway street for about five minutes _____ you get tothe supetmarket on your left second _____on the right: 4 Youcant it 5 Canyou glveme 6 Soifthe station's you, youl need to tum ight. 7 Atthe ofthe stret you'll see a cinema in front of you 8 (on up Nort! Until you get to a supermarket on your fight. Just after a street on the left © Label the sentences in Exercise 4 with the correct category (A-D) from the Useful language box. © Work in pairs. Ask for and give directions between places on the map. @ Work in groups. Give directions to each other from school to destinations around town. Listen and say what you think the destinations are. WRITING A story © Work in pairs. Read the writing task below. Then tell your partner about a time when you got lost. Write a story that ends with the sentence: Aterso many hours feling completely lost, had ended up just where needed to be! a —-— =© Read the story on page 149. At which of these moments did the writer feel uncertain? 1 talking tohis 2 atthe bus sta 4 when he got off the bus 5 onthe mot e bus © WRITING SKILL just Match the sentences (1-5) with the meaning of just (a~e) man island called Koh Tao. ut to river shouted, ‘Koh Tao! 1. Mycousin had just returned 2 Anold man pointed to a bus that was just a 3 | was just falling asleep when the 4 I couldn't see the 5 Ihade 2, just a quiet 10a ded up just where | cd to be! d almost @ very soon (with @ You are going to write a story about a journey or trip that ends with ‘one of these three sentences. Choose your ending, + That was one of the worst trips of my life + hadn't expected to have such an exc + Getting to school had ing journey, ver been so complicated, © Prepare to write your stoy 1 Use the questions in the Writing strategies box to help you make notes about the details of your story. 2. Think about the verb forms you will need to tell the story. © Write your story. When you have finished, share it with other people in the class. Whose stories sound lke the best/worst experiences? Writing a story Use a paragraph plan lke this when you write a story Paragraph 1: Set the scene does the Who isthe story about? y start? does th ke place? Paragraphs 2 and 3: Main events What happened? How did you What happened next? Paragraph 4: The end What happened in the end? How did yau or other peo} What do you remember mo Koh Tao is a beautiful island in Thailand. Its name means Turtle Island.’Pn ne er read about how athletics is saving Africa's lions learn about runners PORE Le tea North Pole Seen ene eee a EyPushing the limits VOCABULARY Sports Work in paits. Look at the photo and read the caption, Discuss the questions, + Why do people do sport ike this? ‘+ Have you ever done an ‘extreme sport’? Would you lke to try this sport? Why? / Why not? Put these words into the correct category. Use a dictionary if necessary. How many more words can you add to each category? bounce clirabieg coach court diving gymnastics karate Kick net opponent pass pitch referee rink rope sailing spectator the 100-metre sprint throw track Sports | People | Places Equipment | Actions dimbing | [ Write five sentences about sports using the words in Exercise 2. ‘In tennis, you have to hit the ball to your opponent's side of the court. ‘Match these verbs with the words and phrases they collocate with, achieve beat do encourage 90 play represent score rain win 1 aprize /a trophy / the gold medal 2. climbing / sailing / cyciing 3 golf / tennis / an important role 4 gymnastics / yoga / your best 5 people to work asa team / children to exercise more 6 forthe event / before the race / hard 7 your goal / your personal best / your ambition 8 your school / your county / the team 9 agoal/ ten points }O_ your opponent / the champion Work in pairs. Read the statements (1-6). Which sport (or sports) are the statements about? 1 The pitch is where | meet all my friends. And | feel proud when I'm representing my club in tournaments, 2 Being out in my boat gives me areal sense of freedom. i's always played an important role in my life. 3 When Im upa mountain, it’s about pushing my own limits, not winning trophies or breaking records, 4 im doing itto raise money for a children’s charity. "ve been training for months, but ve still got a long way to go! 5 want to encourage the younger players to have some fun on the court. 6 Tobe honest, | don’t enjoy t much ~ it’s quite boring, | only doit to keep fit MY PERSPECTIVE Do you do any sports for the reasons in bold in Exercise 5? What other reasons can you think of for doing sport? Unit3 Activelives 33LISTENING @ Look at the photo of a young climber, Ashima Shiraishi, and read the caption. What do you think the V scale measures? © Listen to a podcast about Ashima. Answer the. questions. EM 11 Why does she enj 2. What has she achi © Listen again. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)? How do you know? IEE 1 Ashima started climbing when she was a teenager. 2. She has been a professional climber for a 3. She always uses ropes when she climbs, 4 She has climbed in several countries, including Japan Alta, fully climb a the youngest person to successfully climb a roblem, tly had an accident, but it hasn't stopped imbing, 8 She does her hi she has to train hard, rk late in the evening because 34. Unit3 Active lives GRAMMAR Past simple and present perfect @ Read the extracts from the podcast in the Grammar box. Underline the verbs in the past simple and circle the verb in the present perfect. ‘a Ashima has travelled to many counties looking for ‘more and more difficult climbs. b in2014, she went to South Africa and completed the ‘Golden Shadow’ problem. © Answer the questions about the sentences in the Grammar box. 1 sitclear when Ashima travelled to many coun Is itimportant here? ow when she went to South Africa? Isit ant here? 3 Which timeli Which timeli vv v Now 2014 201520162017{a Ashima discovered climbing atthe age of six, and she's loved itever since bb She has traveled to many countries in her young fife looking for more and more difficult climbs. © She's just achieved an even more amazing record. Farler this year, Ashima climbed ‘Horizon, a V15 climb in Japan, € Shortly after that, she fell and inured her back, but she +has recovered and is now climbing again @ Match the sentences (a-e) in the Grammar box above with the rules (1-5). Past simple use the past simple to talk about: 1 completed actions in the past. The time is often stated, e9, ast w Present perfect We use the present perfect to talk about: 2. actions which started in the past and continue to the often use for and since t ion has continued, 3 actions in the past which are connected to a present uation 4 past experiences, when the exact time isn't stated Any time expression is connected to th 9, unt now, never, in my lie 5 recent We often use just to emphasi very rec © choose the correct options to complete the text Speed climbing isa race against the clock, Climbing as / has been around for along time, but became / has bec competition speed climb popular only a few fifteen-metre wall as ly as they car the top they must hita button to stop the: present, tions when the exact time isnt stated, that ithappened etitors try to lim en they reach When the sport (3) started / has started, climbers (4) used / have used walls with different heights and holds but, since 2007, all the walls (5) were / have been exactly the same, The men’s world record holder is Danyi Boldyrey, who (6) broke / has broken the record with 2 time of 5.6 seconds in 2014, ic Games, but the or. (8) justaccepted / have 2020 Tokyo Olympics. nizers of the Games mpetitive climbing (7) wasn't / hasn't been in the last itas.a sport for the @ Put the verbs in the correct form of the past simple or present perfect to complete the conversations. 1A: (you/ play) tennis recently? B: No. I (injure) my arm in March, and I (not / sport since then. That's a shame. When | (see) you in the competit last year, you (be) really good, 2 A: What sports (you /do) when you were younger? ts of different ones ~ football, volleyball, vimming. | (always / love) sport. A: So what do you do now? B: (I/just/ start) mountain biking. That's my la interest. / ever / win) a medal or trophy? Yes, several times. | (play) baseball fo seve and my team is quite good AA; Wow! didnt know that 4 A: (you/ ever / do) karate? B: No, but Id love to, A frie (uy) it last year, and he (enjoy) it A: I's not something that (ever / interest) me. (you h) any matches yet this year? No, | haven't. But my dad (go) to all of them. © Work in pairs. Talk about your own experiences of sport. Use the questions in Exercise 14 to help you, and continue the conversation. Unit 3 Active lives y} any 35VOCABULARY BUILDING Phrasal verbs © Underline the phrasal verb and its synonym 1 More and n le are taking up capoeira, People n ters inthe 2 ‘0 participate now, you can just inanother time. 3 fessional athletes watm up before running, bodies need time to prepare for sport. 4 | wanted to keep up with the main group of runners but it was impossible to stay with them. 5. Surprisingly, he's knocked out the world nu and could beat the world number On Sunday, Ghana take on ivory Coast hallenge them fora place in th 7 I gave up tennis in 2015. had of a hand injury 8 | don't exer at the gym on ber two final! nthey arter-finals? o stop playing because 6 much durin sundays the week, but | work out © Complete the questions with the correct form of a phrasal verb from Exercise 1 you prefer to __a better team? sport, what would you 36 Unit3 Activelives © Work in Exercise 2 2Why did y re eunnin and answer the questions in READING O ead the art et f Pr and y were the Maasai Olympics Jife Foundation got together with tocome up with a plan. not just for the men, howe ‘s most famous animals needs protection. shave been hunting lions as troph years ames been a successful way to help ation efforts in Kenya rations forthe e involv \d Tanzania? next Games ave been heati veryo ds getting excited.aS Read the article again. Choose the correct option (ac) ‘to complete these sentences. 1 Lion populations have become smaller because @ the animals have less space to live in the wild. b of anumber of reasons. « the Maasai have hunted them too much, 2 Hunting a isthe biggest danger tothe lions. bb is the only way Maasai men can show how brave they are, € has been a part of Maasai culture for along time. 3 Allof the events in the competition a involve throwing. b are like traditional Maasai activities. € include all the villages. 4 Women are involved in the competition a as muchas the men, 'b because the women asked to compete. to help in the goal of ducing lion hunting 5 The manyattas a haven't chosen their athletes yet. b getall the hopeful athletes to train have already started competing, 6 The Maasai Olympics a are changing the way people think bb have stopped the Masai hunting lions. € are less interesting to the Maasai than killing lions, CRITICAL THINKING Presenting a balanced view | Itisimportant to give both sides of an argument, even | ifthe writer wants to persuade readers that one opinion 's correct. Including points that support the opposite argument shows that the writer has thought about ‘them and makes the argument more persuasive. @ Read the Critical thinking box. Then read the article again. Does the writer give a balanced view of the ‘Maasai Games? Underline sentences that support your answer. © Work in pairs. Read the statements (1-5). Do you agree ‘or disagree with the statements? Why? Try to present a balanced view. 1 People can learn important life skills by doing sport. 2 Sport always helps people fee! better about themselves, 3 Sport isa good way to help people who don't have much money or education to achieve their ambitions. 4 Sport isn’t about winning, It's about joining in and having a go. 5 Sportspeople earn too much money. © Work in groups. Discuss the statements in Exercise 8 with another pair. Unit3 Active lives 373C Marathon men and women GRAMMAR Present perfect simple and continuous @ Read the sentences in the Grammar box. Underline examples of the present perfect simple. Circle examples of the present perfect continuous. Present perfect simple and continuous a Maasai tribes have been hunting lions as trophies for hundreds of years. bi Since the 1940s, numbers have decreased dramatically to around 20,000 today. Preparations for the next Games have been heating up, and everyone Involved is geting excited. The coaches in each manyatta have already chosen their athletes for the team. @ Have the Games been a successful way to help conservation efforts in Kenya and Tanzania? © Match the sentences in the Grammar box with the rules (1-5) The present perfect simple: 1 emphasizes the fact that an action is complete. Sentence ‘emphasizes the present result ofthe action, ie. How many? / How much? / How often? Sentence is used with state verbs, eg, war Sentence ‘The present perfect continuous: 4 emphasizes the fact that an action is incomplete. Sentence know, believe, be 5. emphasizes the duration of an action, ie, How long? Sentence _ Check your answers on page 132. Do Exercises 3-6. © Choose the correct options to complete the paragraph about Kenyan marathon runners. Kenyans know how to run fast. Kenyan men (1) have un / have been running seven of the fastest ten marathons in history. It's a similar story for the women: Jemima Sumgong has finaly (2) given / been giving Kenya its frst lyrnpic gold in the marathon, and Kenyan women hold mote ofthe records than anyone else, So how long has the ttle of world long-distance champions (3) belonged / been belonging to Kenya? Interestingly, although the country (4) has sent / has been sending athletes to competitions such as the Olympics since 1956, it (5) hasn't won / hasn't been winning races for all ofthat time. So what have they (6) done / been doing more recently to make them so good? Well, about 40 years ago, training camps started in small towns in the mountains, lke Iten, and they (7) have become / have been becoming major centres for sport. Since then, this area (8) has created / has been creating more world anywhere else in the world, Kenyan Eliud Kipchog® competesin the 2016 aie© Complete the questions about Catherine Ndereba, © Complete the interview with these time expressions. Then listen and check your answers. EAI RUNNER PROFILE already ever for just Ae an ne Se A: José, you've (1) arrived here in Kenya, NP s149.\ re i a B: Yes, I've only been here (2) four days. bd ‘A: Have you (3)__been to Kenya before? Why have you come? B: I've (4) —— been here before. I've loved running (5) | was a boy, and I've been competing for a couple of years. But 'm not Improving, | haven't won any races (6) —_ this year. ‘A: And you'te hoping that taining here will help? anes 8: Exactly, Arunning fiend of mine has (7)____ sain} been here twice to train and he's been a lot faster ® — then @ PRONUNCIATION Weak forms: for a Listen to the sentences (a-d). Answer the questions (1-2), 1 Is for pronounced the same way as four? 2. How is for pronounced when the next word starts with a vowel sound? a Catherine has been competing for 21 years. I've only been here for four days ve been competing fora couple of years bb Practise saying these sentences, Pay attention to the Many people believe that Catherine Ndereba, pronunciation of for, Then listen and check. IER | oF Catherine the Great, is the greatest female 1 Ive only been here fora week marathon runner ever. 2 You've been playing that game for too long, 3 He's been getting ready to go out for 40 minutes. 4 We've had ths car for over ten years 5 I've been learning English for a long time. @ cHoose 1 Work in pairs. Interview each other about sports and hobbies that you enjoy. Use the questions below 1 how long/ Catherine / run? | She started when she was just a gil | | 2 she /always /love running? Yes, she has had a passion for it since she was at school 3 how many marathons / she / win? ‘Alot! She won the Boston Marathon four times between 2000 and 2005, and any others you can think of. | 4 she / win / any Olympic medals? ‘+ What is one hobby or sport you enjoy? | Yes. She’s never won gold but she came + How long have you been doing it? second in the marathon in 2004 and 2008. + Have you taken part in any competitions? 5 what /she / do / recently? + Have you been training for any competitions recently? + What are the secrets to doing your sport/hobby well? 2. Write about your sport or hobby for a class blog, Use the questions above to give you ideas. 3 Find out about a sportsperson you admire and write «a short profile about them. Since retiring in 2014, she's been helping to train young Kenyan runners. 6 howfar/she/1un / this week? Only about S0km ~ much less than when she was competing Unit3 Active lives 39LEWIS PUGH De aon a AUTHENTIC LISTENING SKILLS Signposts are words and expressions that speakers use to help the listener understand where the argument is going what they are going to say next or what they have just said. For example: m going ta tellyou about... , The main thing is... ,Ftstofall... Let's irish by looking at Read the Authentic listening skills box. Then listen to these extracts from the TED Talk. Underline the signposts. EU 1 Today! want to talk the North Pole, acro whole worl 2. And the message was very clear: climate change is for real, and we need to do something about It, And we need to do something about it 3 But the most important thi prepare myself fo /ou about swimming across the most northern place in t ight now. was to train my mind to as going to hap Listen to four more extracts from the talk. Complete each signpost with one word. [ESI 1 fd just ke to end this: it took me four months 2. And! say to them, I think we need to do three The fir 3 The thing we need to dois 4 But the mo thing we must do is 40 Unit 3 Actvelives « d sa7e he questions. jothe sei imming pools, as a confident/strong you've ever swum Match the numbers (1-8) with ut them (a-h). CERI 5 6 hundreds 7 8 m who went with 1ad imagined swimming s trained for the swim hat melted in the ndoor swimming pool er when it fe sea at the North sea when the Titanic sankWatch Part 2 of the talk. It describes Lewis's practice swim. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)? How do you know? [ERR 1 He felt cold in the water. 2 He got out of the water after five min 3 His fingers were bigger than normal of the water le was less worried about swimming for minutes after doing the practi 5 David was confident that Lewis could do the swim, 4 Watch Part 3 of the talk. Choose the correct option to complete each sentence. [IEEE lieves that ate change 1 Lewi of clin ven children in poor countries havean effect on imate change / unde tand climate cha ist tea sustain world VOCABULARY IN CONTEXT ‘a Watch the clips from the TED Talk. Choose the cortect meaning of the words and phrases. EXER b Think of an example of the following things. Then workin pairs and compare your examples. mewhere you can swim in fresh water + atime you wore a special costume + someone who can barely swim + atime you had a swollen ankle or wrist + something you believe in strongly en Read the comments. Which are in favour of Lewis Pugh's swim? Which are against it?* 1 ‘Lewis Pugh was very Nothing is worth 1 icky that he didnt die king your ie like that. 2. ‘Swimming at the North Pole was a powerful showing people the effect of climate change. 3 The effects of climate change in the Arctic wer alteady very well-known before he did his swim. 4 The jourmey to the North Pole was long and expensive and probably wasn't good for the environment. Wasn't there an easier way to raise awareness?” 5 ‘The personal story of his training and his fears and diffi 1ge about climate change ‘more memorabl le and real *These comments were created for this activity. Work in pairs. Discuss the comments in Exercise 8 Which do you agree with most? Why? Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. at do you think we can do about climate change? at do you already do about climate change? Work in groups. Choose another important issue. Use these questions to plan a sporting event to raise awareness of it. + What issue is import ito youasa group? you use to ra ives 413E School sports rere Giving your opinion Personally, think that I strongly believe that ‘dono think that Ofcourse, There isno question that | would say that Its true that Inmy opinion / view, 42 Unit3 Activelives WRITING An opinion essay @ Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. ‘+ How many hours a week do you do sport at school? + Does a break for sport help you focus on other subjects? +s sport compulsory for secondary school students in your country? + Would you ike to do more or less sport at school? Why? © Read the essay title below. Which questions (1-6) do you have to answer? ‘Sport should be a compulsory subject at school, with the same importance as other subjects lke maths and English Do you agree or disagree with this statement? 1 How many counties have compulsory sport at school? 2 Is sport as important as Maths and English? 3 What kind of sports do most students enjoy? 4 Do schools have enough space for students to do sport? 5 Why is sport and exercise important for young people? 6 Do you agree with the statement? © Read the essay on page 150. Are the questions you selected in Exercise 2 answered? O Work in pairs. Read the essay again. Discuss the questions. 1 Wat reasons does the writer ive to support the argument? Underline them, 2 What arguments does the writer give with the opposite view? Circle them. 3 Which point do you agree with most /least? 4 Can you think of any other arguments for or against the writers opinion? © WAITING SKILL Giving your opinion ‘a Read the statements. What do you think? Use the Useful language box and make notes about your opinions on two or three of the statements. 1 The government should stop people doing dangerous sports like boxing. 2 There are more disadvantages than advantages for a country when it holds international sporting events like the Olympic Games. 3 There are good reasons why some professional sportspeople make more money than doctors, teachers and nurses 4 ‘tis better to encourage children to practise sports that are not competitive (e.g, yoga) than competitive sports, 5. The world of sport isa better place these days because of all the money that has come into it from business and advertising, 6 Young people often see professional sportspeople as heroes. Some people think that they have a responsibility to be good role models. b MY PERSPECTIVE Work in groups. Compare your opinions about the statements in Exercise 5a.Choose one of the statements in Exercise Sa and write an essay giving your opinion. Think about the questions you must answer, Make sure each paragraph has a topic sentence. Write about 150 words, Paragraph 1 Introduce the topic by describing the situation and clearly stating your opinion, Paragraph 2 Give at least two points that support your opinion. Paragraph 3 Give one or two points against your opinion, Paragraph 4. Summarize the main points and give your opinion again, Read another student's essay. Is their opinion clear? Do you agree with it? SPEAKING Listen to a conversation between three friends. Which statement from Exercise Sa are they discussing? NEEM Listen again. Which of the expressions in the Useful language box do you hear? GEER Read about a competition. Which three sports would you like to win for your school? Why? Your schoo! has entered a competition to win modern equipment and new facilites for three sports, Winners can develop existing sports at the school, or choose equipment As, The school with the best argument for their choice of sports will win. Each school can only send one proposal. Work in pairs. Discuss your choice of sports with your partner. Decide on three sports you would like to propose and the reasons why. Work with another pair. Decide on the three sports you would all ike to propose. Present your proposal to the class. CET Agreeing {totaly agree with you. That’ tue. That’sa good point, He's ight about that. He got a good point You're not wrong there Disagreeing Yes, but not sure agree. Maybe, but agree up toa pe {see what you'e saying, but ‘understand what you mear itsjustPPro Eu Kec) PCE ac} learn why you might start eating insects RTECS coud Dee ee ec8 ) ets Learning to cook VOCABULARY Describing food Work in pairs. Find a dish or food in the photo, or suggest one you know, that: 1 looks tasty. 2. you think probably tastes disgusting 3 looks lke junk food 4 is quite unhealthy 5 contains lots of vitamins. 6 would make good fast food. 7 is made from raw in 8 is highly processed food 9 has a well-balanced mixture of ingre 10 is often steamed 11 would be suitable fora vegetarian, 12 contains wheat, Find a word in bold in Exercise 1 that is an opposite of: 1 natural 2 fried 3 ameateate 4 delicious 5 cooked What's the difference between: 1 fresh ve and raw vegetables? 2 fastfood and junk food? 3 cooked food and processed food? 4 5 boited vegetables and steamed vegetables? a strong flavour and a spicy flavour? Think of an example for each category below. Then compare your ideas with a partner. How similar were your answers? love to have a burger and chips sometimes. | probably have that ‘once or twice a month. a type of junk food you think s really tasty an ingredient that contains lots of vitamin C food from your country that people from other countries might find disgusting a dish that contains raw meat or fish a type of processed food that is popular in your country a well-balanced meal that you know how to cook a type of fastfood thats suitable for vegetarians something containing wheat that you'd enjoy rig @Vauswne now ‘MY PERSPECTIVE 1 Which ofthese ‘bad habits’ annoy you most? Which are most unacceptable where you live? + talking with your mouth fll + being a noisy eater | + never offering to do the washing-up * not finishing your main course, but eating dessert + talking about your healthy diet all the time + eating while you're shopping in the supermarket 2 Are there any other bad habits that annoy you? Unita Food 45 |ec Loy Peete eae LISTENING Listen to a podcast about food. Do the two speakers agree about cooking in schools? [ANIEEM Listen again, Which speaker, Tery (7) or Mali (M): oe 1 is going to cook after the show? 2. will do the washing-up today? 3 says thatthe secret to being a good cook is to start. young? says students are going to have cookery classes? believes that schools have more important things to focus on than cooking? hat schoo! is a good place to teach children healthy food? 7 plans tolearn to cook? 8 hasa brother who cooks? we Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. + Is cookery a compulsory school subjectin your county? + What dishes can you cook? GRAMMAR Future plans, intentions and arrangements Look at the Grammar box. Match the future uses (1-7) with a sentence from the Grammar box (a9). 1 decisions that we make at the moment 2. arrangements between people 3 hopes, expectations, beliefs and plans f speaking 46 Unit Food after, ‘a OK ldo the washing-up if you lke bb expect children willlearn some simple dishes at about eight years old ¢ Children should leam about basic food preparation before they leave school They may teach them about the dangers ofa poor diet in those lessons, too. @ verecently decided fm going to lea ane new recipe each week Mybrothers showing me how to make vegetable lasagne at his house tomorrow. 1g Next week the podcast goes out atthe same time and its all about eating raw food. Match the forms (a-e) with 1-7 in Exercise 9. a going nari © pr present simple e will/ won! Check your answers on page 134. Do Exercises 1-4.Choose the correct options to complete the comments. According toa recent survey, 60% of today's 18- to 25-year-olds n Britain are leaving home without being able to cook five simple recipes. ‘Ana don't want that to be me, because think home cooking means a healthier diet, so (1) «going to/ may lear. My frien!’ aunts chef, she's agreed to teach me. My lessor / will tart next Thursday. She says she (3) teaches / might teach me spaghetti Bolognese. (4) probably askher if we can do something vegetarian because | don't like touching raw meat Fumio |'ve never cooked in my life, and Im never 5) cooking / going to cook, either. (6) im moving / move next week to lve with friends at university, and they'e all learning to be cooks. 'm sure (0) theyll practise / they're practising their skls on me when (8) 'm / Iwill be hungry. Mohammed ve never thought about, but | probably (9) don't / won'tlearn unless (10) fm ing / Ineedto. Right now! ive at home, but when Ilive an my own, (11) might / tm going to possibly get more interested in cooking, it doesn’t look very hard, though, som sure (12) fm picking / IMipickit up fast. MY PERSPECTIVE Work in pairs. When you leave home, will you be more like Ana, Fumio or Mohammed? Why? Tell your partner Complete the article with the best form of the verbs. Use will, may, going to or the present simple. People say that cooking is fun, but! (1)_____ (do) everything can not to cook when | (2) ___ (leave) home. If ike me, you can't, even cook an egg, you (3) — (probably / be) disappointed with anything you make at home. But, good news! Poor home cooking (4) (possibly / disappear in the near future, Moley Robotics ve designed a Kitchen robot that they believe (Cook) any dish in the world as well (9) a5 a professional chef. It looks like two human arms and it works by ‘learning’ the hand and arm movements of professional chefs as they work in the kitchen. The company (6) — (record) celebrity chefs cooking fantastic meals and the arms can copy th homes. You can start the machine before 7) ____ (get) home by choosing what to eat from @ menu of thousands of recipes on your you can afford phone. That's ()____ (go) on sale soon ata cost of £10,000, Despite the price, the makers think that in years to.come robots (9) (make) al home food. Personally find the idea of robot arms in my house Quite strange, so| think! (10)_____ (spend) my money on restaurants instead. course ~ it Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. + Do you think robot chefs will happen? If they do, will you use one? Why? / Why not? + Doyyou think they will help us eat more healthily? + How is your diet preparing you for a healthy future? Think of something you are going to eat less of, and something you are going to eat more of. Unit4 Food 47__ Street food rm ECU eae oe et VOCABULARY BUILDING Compound adjectives Read about compound adjectives. Then choose the correct option to complete the sentences (1-5). | Compound adjectives are formed with two words, | They often have a hyphen (). Many compound adjectives are formed from the past or present participles of verbs, eg, o eat oven-baked food that hasn't been fried inoil, (The food has been baked in the oven) You! keep coming back for more great-tasting lemonade. (The lemonade tastes great) 1 fied the chicken in deep cil Its deep-fried / deep-frying chicken 2 That salad looks good. Isa good-looked / good-looking salad. 3 What's the ingredient that tastes sweet? What's the sweet-tasted /sweet-tasting ingredient? 4 The tomatoes are filled with rice, They're rice-filed /rce-filing tornatoes. 5 I don't think they've cooked this chicken enough. Its undercooked / undercooking chicken 48 Unit 4 Food Complete the sentences with one of these compound adjectives. 1 uurants recently. I's great to to som food. 2 n iramisu? W’sa—_____— u y— restaurant in n. raditional but it has a very menu. [d love to go there one day. fe oven for too long Choose a dish that is popular where you live, Write three sentences to describe it using compound adjectives. Churros are sweet-tasting, deep-fried things that we eat for breakfast in Spain.aie READING Q Workin pairs. Discuss the questions, 1 If you'e in town and you'te hungry, what do you buy to.eat? Is there much choice? 2 What are the characteristics of street foo + Iestasty, + ItSconvenient. —» it'sjunk food. + I’scheap. + It's easy to share with frends. + Its easy to eat standing up without making a mess. + (Your idea) two characteristics of the food that are mentioned? © Read the blog again. Match each idea that it illustrates (a-e). (1-5) with the 1 champorado with tuyo 2 fumpia 2 Filipino food often puts many flavours together. 'b Some dishes are similar to dishes from other countries ‘€ The cuisine shows that the Philippines is nota rich country. Alot of Filipino food uses loce ingredients, ike seafood, The food shows the multicultural past ofthe county, 3 ukoy 4 haluhalo 5 adidas @ Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. Have you ever tried Filipino food? What dis you like to try? Which ones would you avoid? The writer believes that in afew years, well all be eating Filipino food’. Do you agree? Why? / Why not? ‘Are you an adventurous eater? What strange things have you eaten? ‘+ What other types of food are you interested in trying? would © Itis useful to increase your vocabulary by trying to understand new words in texts. Find words in the blog with these meanings. food that you buy in a restaurant but don't eat there (paragraph 1) individual parts of a meal (paragraph 3) animals from the ocean that we eat (paragraph 3) an amount of food that you eat at one time (Garagraph 3) a place in the street used for selling food and other things (paragraph 4) 6 astyle of cooking, such as a national style (paragraph 5) © What food would you use to promote your country or region? Are there any dishes you would not mention because they might not sound attractive to tourists? Unit4 Food 494C Feed the world with ... bugs? GRAMMAR Mek O Read t summ. them to complete the b wemay be able find hey think we will ram at af be ecerg wewon't have There a and (1) Q developed countries get mos 4 cows, but these animals, need a k _as the worlds population grows a But (5) esa hance th © Exercise 1 talks about 2 problem. How could insects be the solution? © How likely is it th Match the extract Grammar box will happen? ies (1-3), 1 certain 2 probal 3. possible © Complete the rules predictions (1-6) with these verb forms. Then match the rules xtracts (2~f) in the Grammar box. We use future continuo may) will 2 1 at reason in the present for — fle believe are true, ofte with verbs lke th adverbs lke definitely, and — at are certain Extract 4 at the prediction is true Extract n action that you know or thin! F Extract r action that will be finished PaesComplete the voicemail with either the future continuous or future perfect form of the verbs. Just wanted to letyou know what we (1) (do) this weekend, Remember the World Food Fair last year? We're going again! fit’ lke last year's, by the end of the weekend | (2) — (try) all sorts of strange snacks. Apparently, this year, they're promoting insects, but | 3) (not eat) any ants, even if they are covered in chocolate! What about you? (4) ____ you do) your schoo! project? you think you (5) finish) before Monday moming? Good luck! | (6) — (not finish) mine by then! PRONUNCIATION Sentence stress in future continuous and future perfect sentences a Listen and check your answers to Exercise 5. [EEA b Listen to the positive and negative sentences again. How does the stress change? (IEE 1 Just wanted to let you know what we'll be doing tis weekend 2 Ifit’s like last year’s, by the end of the weekend I'l have tried all sorts of strange snacks. 3 | won't be eating any ants, even if they are covered in chocolate! 4 | won't have finished mine by then! ‘¢ Work in paits. Practise reading the voicemail Read about a possible solution. Choose the best form of each verb to complete the explanation. Researcher Marcel Dicke gives several reaso (1) are going to / won't provide us with a lot of the protein we need, Fistly, farming insects is efficient: ‘Give cows ten kilograms of food, and you will (2) be getting / ger only one kilogram of beef, but locusts can give you nine kilograms of locust meat. 1s why insects Second, you will (3) be already eating / have already eaten hundreds of meals containing insects in your fe, whether you like itor not! Next time you eat processed food, you Cra isc (4) mill/ may probably be eating insects. lot of fruit gets damaged by insects soit (5) won't go / n't going to the supermarkets, but (6) is going to / maybe used to make processed foods like tomato soup. Thirdly, insects are already a popular form of good, healthy food. Up to two billion people in Asia, Africa and Latin America wil (7) be enjoying / have enjoyed an insect recently, Even so, Dicke expects that other people will (8) find / be finding it hard to get used to the idea of eating insects, One possibilty is that food manufacturers (0) are going f0/ might stat introducing processed insect protein into their products. Dicke predicts that, by 2020, ‘we (10) are going to buy / willbe buying ther, knowing that we are eating insects (MY PERSPECTIVE Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. + What are the advantages of eating insects? + Doyou thinkyou willbe eating them in the future? Work in groups. Create an insect recipe using these prompts: + Our dish is going to use ... (type of insect) + It’s going tobe a... (type of food) + Other ingredients will include + We think t wil look more attractive ifwe (presentation) + Well be promoting tin... (places) + When you eat it, make sure you + We're sure itwill.. (predictions) CHOOSE 1 Work in groups. Have a food invention competition. Persuade other groups to buy your dish from Exercise 9. 2 Write the recipe and instructions for your dish in Exercise 9, 3 Find out how people around the world eat insects, Givea short presentation“> Why I'ma weekday vegetarian cé\fall of us ate h re Waa Perea ot ac AUTHENTIC LISTENING SKILLS a n he problems with at Graham mentions them. Which 9 sesaithe mention? CHEKM hen people are speaking to an audience, they often a pause to break their sentences up into short sections, 5 on ‘or chunks. This makes it easier fr the listeners to follow, ¢ Speakers often pause: a we end of sentences, e ce meat, ere there is a comma or other punctuation. 2 x eating meat. Then watch 6 eck your answers. [EXE to separate adverbial phrases, e.g. expressions about time or place. + before an important word or phrase 7 a + between the subject ofa sentence and its verb when 2 year i the subject is long, 3 anal Read the Authentic listening skill box. Then listen to the beginning ofthe TED Talk. Mark the pauses. 4 nes more than oma 5 at asin the 1950s, cut a year ago, | asked myself question: Knowing what | know, why am Inota vegetarian?” the talk Choose the correct option. | ‘Mark where you think Graham pauses in the next two | sentences, Then listen to check. GIES 1 audience; Imagine your all,'m one of the gi guys | grew up wth hippe a hata diffcul parents in a log cabin, I started a site called TreeHugger is | Ucare about this stuf b 1udience prepare to become WATCH « | sorry for him, Work in pairs. Make a list of reasons that somebody 2 s part of Graham’s solution might be a vegetarian. a reekend b n Saturdays and Sunday’ It’s good for your health. oervount of meet you eat by 70% 52 Unit Food3 Which part of Graham's solution is he happiest about? 2 He's not creating so much pollution b He's got more money. € He's healthier. Work in pairs. Graham says that ‘we as a society are eating twice as much meat as we did in the ‘50s’. How has diet changed in your country in the last 100 years? VOCABULARY IN CONTEXT a Watch the clips from the TED Talk. Choose the correct meaning of the words and phrases, [ZEN b Answer the questions. Compare answers in pairs. Do you do any hobbies where there isa risk of a hurting y ourse ryone in yo home? + Doyou ever want t things that a what you should be doing? What? fay of making + Have you ever co money? What? + Have you ever done any d person's possessions? mage to anothe! CRITICAL THINKING Persuading ere are many ways that speakers can use to persuade er isteners to do things. They can: a describe personal experiences that others can relate to, b makeit sound achievable. € offer choice and flexibility d point out the personal benefits of doing it. @ ask thernselves and the audience questions, f asklisteners to imagine a situatios Seas) How does Graham try to persuade his audience? Match the extracts with techniques (a-f) in the Critical thinking box. Each extract may use more than one technique. 1 Knowing what | know, why am | not a vegetarian? 2 Any oft id have been to convine tarian, Yet, chk chk. king into a big old steak 3. Imagine your last hamburger. 4 I'd commit to doing it later, and not surprisingh later never came. Sound familia’? 5 I've been doing it for the last year, and it’s great. Its called Weekday Veg 6 On the weekend, your choi take itto the next level ‘ta break it here a Best of all, iI longer, and I've even k e, Simple. ifyou want to id thei yw that Im g little weight ng to live Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. ich of Graham's reasons for becoming vegetarian are the most convincing? + Would you consider becoming a f you arent alt think it would be? + Ifyou are a vegetarian, vegetarianism isa good thing? a weekday Do survey. Find out what other people in the class think about becoming a weekday vegetarian. Unit 4 Food 53Future plans METS Talking about hopes and goals ‘wil {think might td vealy ike to {maiming toh e... by next rerested i 9. 1m looking forward to-ing. im thinking about /of-ing, Inthe long/short term, fm going t0/hoping to /planning to Pmt ity ee SPEAKING Listen to three people talking about something they would like to change in their life. Which speaker, Jodo, Emily or Kei, snot happy about: [ASIEER a money? bb their home life? € their diet? Listen again. Which of the expressions in the Useful language box do you hear? (IEEE ‘Work in pairs. Use expressions from the Useful language box to discuss some of your hopes and goals. Look at these instructions for helping other people achieve their goals. What goals from Exercise 3 could a classmate help you with? 11 Askthem to describe the problem as they see it. Ask what they wa change. Make sure they say exactly what their goals, e.g. not eat less chocolate, but eat no more than one bar of chocolate a day. 2. Ask them what i stopping them from achieving 3 Ask ther to seta time limit on their goal. Ho their goal? er goal lang do they need to achieve 4 Together talk about what they will do to achieve their goal. Ask the advantages of achieving their goal and to commit to ther, hem t Work in pairs. Follow the instructions and take turns helping each other to achieve the goals you identified in Exercise 4 + You want to eat more healthily. (What do you want to cut down?) + You think you and your family should eat more organic food, but your parents say it’s expensive, + You want o give up a bad habit, e.g. biting your nails, drinking fizzy drinks, + You don't get on well with someone, and want to have a better relationship. + You want to go travelling (where to?) but need to save money for the tip. You find ithard to save.WRITING A social media update ‘Work in pairs. Look at the types of trip and discuss the questions. a photography expedition ‘cooking holiday a study visit a cycling holidey a volunteering trip ‘+ What activities would you expect to do on these trips? * Which trip would you prefer to go on? Why? Read the social media update on page 150. Which of these activities has Lalialready done? Which is she hoping to do? Which is she going to do? 1 gettoLeh already done 5 learn to cook nice food 2 quickly vist the Red Fort 6 gowalking 3 walk around Deli streets 7 talk to people for a project 4 travel slowly between 8 seea festival Delhi and Leh WRITING SKILL Interesting language a Read the update on page 150 again. Find words that Lali uses instead of the words in bold in Exercise 7. Why does she use these words? 'b Find the words in the update that Lali uses instead of these words, 1 big (line 2) 4 tiring (ine 5) 2 hot fine 3) 5 very line 6) 3 cooler (ine 4) You are going to write a social media update. Choose one of the trips below ra trip you would like to make one day. + ati to a region in your county with its own special local cuisine * vist to the house ofa friend or relative where you tried a new dish + attip abroad when you ate some interesting food Write your social media update. Use phrases from the Useful language box. Make it interesting to read. + Isita holiday, expedition, study vist or some other type of trip? have you already done? going to do? What else are you hopi ‘odo or see? Read your classmates’ updates. Whose trips sound the most interesting? Whose food sounds the tastiest? Writing a social media update Wefinally... ater What a beautiful place /k Its such a/an adjective + noun iy city, huge country) food was so + adje etc). The weather's wonderfi freezing, fm hoping to want We might $m here ifthere’s time.Pree aL Pee ne os eee a eo Pree eC RUG person for a job write a job application letterRTE) colourful underpass Sec New ways of working VOCABULARY Describing work ‘What skills, abilties and personal qualities do people need to work successfully in the 21st century? Is it more than just qualifications? Work in pairs. Think of a job: 1 which is popular, so the job market is competitive 2 in which you need to be flexible able to adapt to changing situations. 3 that’s welkpaid — you get a good salary. 4 inthe construction industry. 5 where employees work long hours ~ 50 hours a week or more, 6 that you would find quite stressful 7 which has good career prospects. 8 in which you would be in charge of many people — responsible for them. 9 that is physically demanding, so you need to be healthy. 10 that needs creative people with new ideas and new ways of doing things. Use the words and phrases in bold in Exercise 2 to complete the paragraph. ‘Asurvey about the reasons people leave their jobs shows some surprising results. You might think that people want more money, so move to jobs that are a ‘or prefer an easy life, but in fact this is not always the case. Many employees are happy to (2)______in @) ___jobs, where they are (4) lage teams, working with important clients. In return they want exciting (6) —__intheir chosen (6) Work only becornes M if employers refuse to listen to their workers’ needs or don't ‘rust them with responsibilty. For example, employees with a long commute may want rore (8) working hours The lesson for business? To keep good employees, you need to trust them and listen to them, Put the lines in order, 1-9. The first and last lines have been done for you. fa 've always wanted to work in 1 b charge of the boys' football teams. It wasn'ta very welkpaid € for organizing a football tournament. Since that job, ve never been out work at the sports centre, where | wes in @ job asa coach, Irn currently working job, but it was quite satisfying ~| was responsible g of work. Now I've gota full-time hh the sports industry. | qualified as a personal trainer and got part-time i ona fitness programme for one of my clients who isa professional athlete, 9 Work in pairs. Discuss the difference between these terms, 1 part-time and temporary work? 2. to work in something and to work on something? 3 tohave a full-time ob and to work ong hours? MY PERSPECTIVE ‘Write about the career path you would like to take. Work in pairs and compare your plans. Who has the clearest idea of what they want to do? Tm not sure what industry I'd like to work in yet, but fm looking for a well-paid job that tests my abilities... Units Work 57SS ooo LISTENING Work in pairs. Imagine you are a company ‘manager. Which of these ideas would make your employees most productive? Put them in order ~ 1is the best idea, 1a Give employees a share of the company bb Give everyone a day every month to volunteer fo a charity ¢ Let workers choose what time to start and finish each day. Let everyone decide if they want to work from home crin the office. €@ Let each person decide when to take holidays Listen to a podcast about the world of work. Which of the ideas in Exercise 7 are mentioned? ‘Which employer uses them, Hamdi Ulukaya or Jenny Biggam? {AEC Listen again. Complete each extract with the missing verb, (BNET 1 Ululaya started the business a few years ago and it has _0N€ 0N___ to become a mult-bilion-dollar company. 2. Doeshe just — to be nice, ors this, actually good management? 3 He — feeling grateful to his workers for helping him start the busin cea os giving so 10 make coming to work a fend jould you like? Don't phone in and tell us! GRAMMAR Verb patterns: verb + -ing or infinitive with to Look at the completed sentences in Exercise 9. Are the verbs you wrote followed by -ing or the infinitive? Tan ‘2 Doyouthink other companies will go on treating their workers the same? bb Woking work enjoyable means creating a more productive company. ‘© Some managers remember to show their employees how much they appreciate their work d /regret to inform you that we can't afford to employ you any more. so sory. stopped to buy acoffee on the way to work f Ifitstoking solong to get tothe office, try working from home fora few days. 9 Hamdi Ulukaya will never forget making his frst milion dollars.Work in pairs. Look at the verbs in bold in the Grammar box. Compare them with the sentences in Exercise 9. Discuss how their meanings change. 0 on + infinitive with to means ‘to do something after doing something else’ go on +-ing means ‘to continue’ Check your answers on page 136. Do Exercise 1 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the verbs. Sometimes being a good boss means a— — (give up) important personal things. I remember (2) (hear) about 2 company that lost alot of money. if they wanted the company to go on (3) (do) business, they had to stop (@) —— {employ} some of the wor the director of the company didn't want to say to so his employees: Iregret (5) __ we have to let you go He meant (6)__ (keep) everyone employed and motivated, So, he tr ()__ (talk) tothe workers, Together, they decided to reduce their salaries and to gi pay. He didn't forget (8)____ himself in the cuts. n fact, he remembered o ad) by example and took the biggest salary cut ofall. he company went on (10) — (survive) the bad times and is now doing very well Complete the topics with the correct form of the verbs. Choose three or four of the topics and make notes about them. Discuss your notes in pairs. 1 something you meant __ (o) this morning 2 a mistake you regret (rake) the job youll go on (do) in the future an item of clothing you've tried (wear) a bad habit you've stopped — (do) something you never remember —_ (do), wihich annoys your family a person you'll never forget (meet) something you forgot —_ {40} which meant ~ (do) alot more wor later a day you remember — (enjoy) when you were avery young child a sport or game you tied (do) found too hard MY PERSPECTIVE Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. hat do the companies described in this lesson have incommon? + Which company would you prefer to work for? Why? *+ What hopes do you have about the places you will work a in the future? CO ree eS sitting on a swing in the offices COa cot ee5B Anunusual job VOCABULARY BUILDING Ways of seeing @ Read the sentences (1-7). Underline a verb related to seeing, Then match the verbs with their definitions (a9) ‘The police spotted him leaving the car parkin avan. f 2. She stole from three different shops and they caught her on security camera each time. He only glanced at the woman but he knew who she was immediately. 4 | waved at her but | don't think she noticed me because she didn't stop to say hello. 5 The person in the photo has been identified as Adam Blackmore 6 Officers observed people leaving and entering the building entrance throughout the night. | recognized an old friend at the train station, even though | haven't seen her for years. became aware of someone or something looked quickly at something saw someone and was able to say who they were knew who the person was because you had seen them before saw someone doing something wrong saw someone or something because you were looking for them 1g watched someone or something carefully in order to learn information ance a © Rewrite the sentences replacing all the words in bold with the correct form of one verb from Exercise 1. 1 Ididn't know it was Christophe at fist ~ he's grown a beard since the last time | saw him. 2 only need to look at a phone number briefly and! can remember it, 3 How many of these people can you puta name to? 4 looked for you at the park but | didn’t see you. Where were you? 5. fmy parents see me playing games when | should be doing homework, they take my laptop away. 6 He learned the job by watching and studying what the other members of staff di. 7 | saw that the window was open when | heard a loud noise outside, READING © Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. + Doyou find iteasy to recognize people you have only met once? + How good are you at remembering names? + Can you recognize people from their voice? 60 Unit Work Q Read the article. Complete the descriptions of super- recognizers. 1 Tobe a super-ecognizer, you must be very good at 2 Superrecognizers work mostly © Read the article again. Are the sentences true (T) or false (F)? 1 The article mentions two problems with CCTV. One answer to these problems is to install more cameras. 3 Super-recognizers don't need to look at a face for long in order to identity i 4: The police use super-recognizers to stop violent situations developing 5 Ifyou are good at recognizing faces, you will probably have a good general memory. 6 Tobecome a super-recognizer, you need years of training © Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. + Would you like to be a super-recognizer? Why? / Why not? + Do you think itis possible to develop your skill at recognizing faces, orisit something that you can't change? CRITICAL THINKING Exaggerating | sometimes writers exaggerate (describe things so that | they seem a lot better / worse, more important, etc. ‘than they really are) to make their point. 's important to be | able to recognize when the author is exaggerating and when they are stating facts. For example, to say that there were lots of people at a party, you might say that there were hundreds of people, when in fact, there were not that mar @ Work in groups. Decide which of these extracts from the article are probably exaggerating facts. Why does ‘the writer do this in each case? 1 You are being watched 2. Many large cities have thousands of security cameras. 3. ... people with the amazing ability to remember thousands of faces. 4 Collins wes able to identity a total of 190 troublemakers. 5 Collins admits he can't even remember a shopping lst. 6... ifyou'e looking fora job where you are allowed to watch TVall day © Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. + Do you think the job ‘super-recognizer'is an exaggeration? Why? / Why nat? + Think again about the job you would lke to do, Write three sentences to exaggerate it. Tell your partner. \Whose jobs sounds most interesting?a J ae Pere TT SUE TCT ST CT ae Next time you'te ina busy city centre, look up. The ‘chances are there will be a CCTV * camera somewhere nearby. Many large cities have thousands of security a5: on buildings, next to roads, even in public buses and trains, They are supposed to prevent crime, but there isa problem, No matter how many cameras are in place to Catch people breaking the aw, criminals can't always be identified, For one thing, the police can only put a name toa face ifthey have a file on that person. Also, even ifthe criminal is known to the police, the CCTV image is often so oor that itis impossible to recognize them. Impossible for most people, thatis, ut not if you're a super-recognizer. These are people with the amazing ability to remember thousands of faces and pick them (out from a crowded street, even if they only see them for le, the police efore they start fighting, and this means acting fast. The 152 super- recognizers employed by the London police can do this, and they get results. The police didn’t need to was trouble in the streets in 2011. Officers sat in CC control centres, observing the scenes on TV and picking ut known criminals fr their colleagues on the ground. worry, for example, when there Just one member of the team, Gary Collins, was able to identify a total of 190 troublemakers! The police later arrested many of them; others weren't allawed to go back ‘on the streets, You might think that with a memory this good, super. recognizers must be good at remembering lots of things, but Collins admits he can‘t even remember a shopping list. ‘Ihave to write that down, he says. Scientists believe that the ability to recognize faces is diferent from other kinds of memory, and uses a special part of the brain, Damage to thet area of the brain can cause ‘face blindness’, where people can't recognize faces at all, Having said that, most sare relly good at recognizing faces, We are even able to identify people we know from the back oftheir heads and from the way they walk, something computer are unlikely to doin the near future. However, we can't all do it as well as professional li ins, who do it better than 99% of the population. You might also be in the top one percent and not even know it So, ifyoute looking for ajob where you are allowed to watch TV all day, you should find out whether you'tea super-recognizer and join the police! COTY closed-circuit tele for watching activity in some places ion ~ a camera system used Units Wisk 61