RAJEEV INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Visvesvaraya Technological University

Belagavi – 590 018

Department of Mechanical Engineering

A Technical Seminar
on
“RETREADING OF TYRES”
by
JEEVAN JOSE V.
[4RA14ME035]

Under the Guidance of

Mr. HANOCA P.
Assistant Professor
 CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Tyre Basics
4. Retreading
5. Retreading Life
6. Advantages, Disadvantages and Applications
7. Summary
8. References
 1. INTRODUCTION
1. Tyres are an essential component to the establishment of
the automobile mechanism.
2. The grooves which are cut on the tyre surface are called
tread.
3. Retreading is the technology which takes a worn casing
of good structural quality and putting it back through a
process which completely renews the tread of the tyre
and sometimes the sidewall rubber.

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 2. LITERATURE REVIEW
1. S. Ajeeth Kumar, [2016], has done study on tyre
retreading by hot retreading process. He concluded that
for retreading, only 5 litres of crude oil is needed but for
making a new tyre about 28 litres is needed.
2. Hardik V. Patel et.al., [2015], he has made study on
design and analysis of tyre envelope expander for tyre
retreading process. He concluded that the retreaded tyre
is not used for expensive and precise items, per km cost
of tyre is reduced by using retreaded tyre.
3. Vankar Bharat A. et.al., [2015], he has made an
experimental analysis on life cycle of tyre retreading.
The experimental results show that retreading cost is
28% and life is 75% compare to new tyre.

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4. Mehta Divyesh S. et.al., [2015], has made a Case Study
on Tyre Retreading of S. T. Workshop. This Retreading
of tyre of buses give cost benefit to the government by
reuse of old tyre and it also decrease the wastage of tyre.
5. Avid Boustani et.al., [2010], has made study on tyre
remanufacturing and energy savings. The study assumes
that tyres operate with proper tyre inflation pressure and
constant vehicle load.
6. B. E. Lindemuth, [2006], he has made an overview on
tyre technology. He has explained the tyre construction, its
types, composition of nylon and radial tyres.

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 3. TYRE BASICS
• Tyre Structure

1. Tread 7. Liner 1. Sipes

2. Sidewall 2. Grooves
3. Plies 3. Blocks
4. Carcass or Cord Body 4. Ribs
5. Bead 5. Dimples
6. Belt 6. Shoulders
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 Types of Tyres

1. Radial : It constructed with rubber coated, reinforcing

steel cable belts that are assembled parallel.
2. Bias Ply : Construction is utilizing rubber-coated layers
known as plies composed of textile cords, usually nylon
arranged diagonally.
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 Tyre Materials
1. Natural Rubber 4. Steel
2. Synthetic Rubber 5. Plasticizers and Fillers
3. Carbon Black 6. Fabric

Energy Intensity of Raw Materials

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 Tyre Designation

a. 7.00 R 12
b. 7.00 - 12 12R
c. 18 × 7 – 8 14PR

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 4. RETREADING
 Retreading Materials
1. Hot Cap and Cold Cap Rubber Material

2. Rubber Cement

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3. Patches

4. Curing Bag

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 Vulcanization of Rubber
Vulcanization or curing is a chemical process for
converting natural rubber or related polymers into more
durable materials by the addition of sulphur or other
equivalent curatives or accelerators.

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Classification of Accelerators

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Classification of Retreading
 Hot Retreading Process
1. Initial Inspection
a. Cuts and Snags e. Impact break
b. Inner liner cracking f. Under wear
c. Sidewall separation g. Too much friction
d. Tread separation h. Air formation

2. Buffing

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Buffing Hub Set

Buffing Process

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3. Repairing/Casing Preparation
a. Nail hole repair b. Spot repair

c. Reinforcement repair d. Section repair

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Installing a Patch

4. Cementing and Rubber Application

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5. Building

Motorized and Manual Rolling Machines

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6. Curing or Vulcanizing

Moulds

7. Final Inspection
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 Cold Retreading Process
All the stages are similar to hot retreading except tread
application and curing.
Rubber Application Curing Chamber

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 5. RETREADING LIFE
1. Mean Value of Tread Wear in mm for Different Travelling
Distance of New and 1st Time Retreaded Tyre

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2. Mean Value of Tread Wear in mm for Different Travelling
Distance of New and 2nd Time Retreaded Tyre

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3. Sum of the Total Travelled Distances in Function of
Number of Retreading

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4. Comparison for Total Travelling Distance of Retreading
and New Tyre

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5. Comparison for Total Cost Saving on Retreading and
New Tyre

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 Maintaining the Vehicle
1. The vehicle factor that has the most direct effect on tread
wear is axle alignment.
2. Proper axle alignment delivers three important benefits:
reduced tread wear, better vehicle handling and control,
and less fuel consumption.
3. Alignment is extremely important to the life cycle of
tyres. It is another key to a good tyre maintenance
program.
 Preventive Maintenance
1.The most important factor in the tyre maintenance is
proper inflation.
2. More tyres are lost to under- inflation or over-inflation
than any other cause.
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 Effect of Over-inflation and Under-inflation

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 6. ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES AND
APPLICATIONS
 Advantages
1. Retreading is highly environment friendly.
2. Retreading is economical.
3. Retreads are safe and are used in all of vehicles nowadays.
 Disadvantages
1. Retreading depends on condition of tyre.
2. Radial tyres cannot be retreaded again and again.
3. Structural ability of body of the tyre should be strong.
 Applications
1. Airplanes, racing cars, buses and delivery trucks.
2. Important role in aircraft tyres, which are subjected to extreme
stresses.

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 7. SUMMARY
1. Retreaded tyres often have a longer life than new tyres
and can have a lower rate of failure.
2. A tyre is made up of 100% rubber approximately as main
ingredient 20% is only used in worn out tyres rest 80% is
tyre carcass.
3. A retreaded tyre costs less to produce than a new tyre and
sells for less usually between 30 and 50% of the
comparable new tyre price.

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 REFERENCES
1.B. E. Lindemuth, “An Overview of Tire Technology”, U.S.
Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration, pp.1-27, 2006.
2.Vankar Bharat A, Gosai Dipak C, Shah Amit V, “An
Experimental Analysis on Life Cycle of Tyre Retreading”,
International Journal of Advance Research In Science And
Engineering, Vol. No.4, Special Issue (01), pp 30-39, 2015.
3.S. Ajeeth Kumar, “Tyre Retreading by Hot Retreading
Process”, International Journal of Applied Science and
Engineering, pp. 61-65, 2016.
4. Mehta Divyesh S, Gohil Sachin A, Shah Amit V, Patel Vipul R,
“A Case Study on Tyre Retreading Of S. T. Workshop”, -
International Journal for Scientific Research & Development,
Vol. 3 Issue 02, pp 131-134, 2015.

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5. Avid Boustani, Sahni Sahni, Timothy Gutowski, Steven
Graves, “Tire Remanufacturing and Energy Savings”,
Environmentally Benign Manufacturing Laboratory, pp 1-
78, 2010.
6.Yasuhiro Ishikawa, “Systematic Review of Tyre
Technology”, National Museum of Nature and Science,
Vol.16, pp 1-137, 2011.
7. Hardik V. Patel, Brijesh D. Kayasth, “A review on Design
and Analysis of Tyre Envelope Expander for Tyre
Retreading Process” International Journal of Engineering
Innovation and Scientific Research, Vol.1 (1), P.P-65-68
ISSN: 2395-6372, 2015.

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THANK YOU

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