CHAPTER 7

STOICHIOMETRY

Calculations Based on Balanced Chemical Equations:

Example 1
Calculate the number of moles of NaOH that are necessary to produce 7.5 moles of
Na2SO4 from the reaction
2 NaOH + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + 2 H2O

2 mol NaOH
mol NaOH  7.5 mol Na2SO4 x  15 mol
1 mol Na2SO4

Example 2
Calculate the number of grams of magnesium chloride that could be obtained from 8.5 g of
hydrochloric acid when the latter is reacted with an excess of magnesium oxide.

MgO + 2 HCl = MgCl2 + H2O

Mg = 24.3 MgCl2 = 95.2

O = 16 HCl = 36.45
H=1
Cl = 35.45

1 mol HCl 1 mol MgCl2 95.2 g MgCl2

g MgCl2  8.5 g HCl x x x  11.10 g
36.45 g HCl 2 mol HCl 1 mol MgCl2

Note: g to mol or mol to g = molecular weight

mol to mol = balanced equation

Exercises
1. Calculate the number of moles and mass of chlorine gas, Cl 2 required to react 10 g of
sodium metal, Na to produce sodium chloride, NaCl.
2Na + Cl2 = 2NaCl

2. Determine the number of moles and the mass of oxygen gas formed by the
decomposition of 1.25 g of mercury (II) oxide.
2HgO = 2Hg + O2

3. Find the number of moles and the mass of carbon dioxide formed by the combustion of
20 kg of carbon in an excess of oxygen.
C + O2 = CO2

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