Key Vocabulary

● Berbers ● Columbian Exchange ● Timbuktu

● Camel Saddle ● Sugar ● Djinguereber Mosque
● Bananas ● Bantu Migration ● Coerced Labor
● Gold ● Islam ● Atlantic Slave Trade
● Salt ● Hajj ● Middle Passage
● Okra and Rice ● Swahili ● Chattel slavery

Key Concepts
● How did Great Zimbabwe develop and change over time?
● How did Great Zimbabwe develop differently than other African states?
● Explain the causes of the trans-Saharan trade.
● Explain the effects of the trans-Saharan trade.
● Explain how the expansion of empires in West Africa influenced trade and communication over time.
● Explain the environmental effects of trade in Africa.
● How did the Columbian Exchange impact Africa?
● How did Africans impact the Americas?
● How did the arrival of Europeans impact the process of state building in West Africa?
● How did labor systems in Africa and the Americas change and stay the same from 1450 to 1750?
● Explain how systems of slavery changed and stayed the same from 1450 to 1750.
● How did networks of exchange change and stay the same from 1450 to 1750?

Significant States ● Mansa Musa

● Asika Muhammad
● Great Zimbabwe
● Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba
● Swahili City States

● Mali

● Songhay

● Asante

● Kongo

Significant People

● Sundiata Keita