UPT PUSAT BAHASA UNESA

SECTION 2
STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION

Time : 25 minutes (including reading the direction)

This section is designed to measure your ability to recognize language that is

appropriate for standard written English. There are two types of questions in
this section, with special directions for each type.

Directions : Questions 1-15 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each

sentence you will see four words or phrases, marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the
word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet,
find the number of question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of
the answer you have chosen.

Look at the following examples.

Example I

Geysers have often been compared to volcanoes ___ they both emit hot liquids
from below the Earth’s surface.

A. due to
B. because
C. in spite of
D. regardless

The sentence should read. “Geysers have often been compared to volcanoes
because they both emit hot liquids from below the Earth’s surface.” Therefore,
you should choose answer (B).

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 UPT PUSAT BAHASA UNESA
1. Using labor-saving devices 6. Up to now, society still tends to
makes the work faster and ______ discriminate severe _____ people
work efficiency. and make them more depressed.
A. increased A. ill mental
B. increasing B. ill mentally
C. increase C. mentally ill
D. increases D. mental ill

2. The progressive reading 7. _____ the recession attacks many

methods at this school _____ countries, the unemployment rate
credits for the improved test has inclined by two to five
scores. percent.
A. been given A. Since
B. be giving B. In case
C. is given C. Although
D. are given D. In time of

3. During Covid-19, educational 8. In 1821, the city of Indianapolis

institutions have engaged in _____ a design patterned after that
online learning _____ before the of Washington, D.C.
pandemic. A. has been laid out
A. the most actively B. is laid out
B. more actively than C. was laid out
C. the more actively D. had been laid out
D. most actively
9. Quantum power, a _____ for
4. Dolphin is one of _____ mammals common people, emerges as the
with a brain to body ratio basis of the new technologies.
second only to humans. A. foreigning subjects
A. the most intelligent B. foreigning subject
B. the more intelligent C. foreign subjects
C. more intelligent than D. foreign subject
D. most intelligent
10. The researcher always
5. A Seussian-looking beast, a contributes to ______ socially
turtle-like beak and two tusks, significant to human
_____ Antarctica’s chilly winters. development.
A. survive A. what is
B. survived B. which is
C. surviving C. that is
D. survives D. where is

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 UPT PUSAT BAHASA UNESA
11. Nowadays, social media allow 14. In 2014, Malala Yousafzai, the
its users to access _____ from first Pashtun and Pakistani, _____
others. the youngest person win the
A. an information Nobel Peace Prize.
B. information A. has become
C. informations B. becomes
D. informationally C. had become
D. became
12. For years, despite being
controversial, meme _____ as a 15. When Columbus arrived, he
pop art in the modern culture. found the New World inhabited
A. had considered by people _____ come from the
B. has been considered continent of Asia.
C. was considered A. which originally had
D. is considered B. who originally had
C. whose originally had
13. In the United States, the D. whom originally had
electoral system is either simple
or _____ in representation.
A. proportional
B. proportionally
C. proportion
D. portion

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 UPT PUSAT BAHASA UNESA
Written Expression

Directions: in questions 16-40 each sentence has four underlined

words or phrases. The four underlined parts of the sentence are marked A, B,
C, and D. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in
order for the sentence to be correct. Then, on your answer sheet, find the
number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of
the answer you have chosen.

Example I

Guppies are sometimes call rainbow fish because of the males’ bright colors.
A B C D
The sentence should read, “Guppies are sometimes called rainbow fish
because of the males’ bright colors.” Therefore, you should choose (A).
Example II

Serving several term in Congress, Shirley Chisholm became an important

A B C
United States politician.
D

The sentence should read, “Serving several terms in Congress, Shirley

Chisholm became an important United States politician.” Therefore, you
should choose (B).

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 UPT PUSAT BAHASA UNESA
16. From all types of natural disaster, only much of them recorded in history
A B
is considered deadly for killing many victims.
C D
17. When first heating, a diamond will glow red, then white due to reaction
A B C
between the surface of diamond and the air.
C
18. In the late 1500s, where a tale of orange carrot widely spread by William's
A B
House of Orange, farmers began to develop and cultivate this variety.
C D
19. Gharial, endangered crocodile, gives a piggyback ride to the young
A B C
in spite of its unusual morphology of the snout.
D
20. Often disenfranchised, minority people did rally and protest striving for
A B C
their equal right.
D
21. Many renewable resources which emit less carbon dioxide and other
A B
greenhouse gas are now found to support electricity.
C D
22. Education ideally promotes equal amount of students in classroom
A B
consisting of male and female ones.
C D
23. Mark Twain, pseudonym of Samuel Langhore Clemens, born on November
A B
30, 1835, acquired international fame for him travel narratives.
C D
24. Once landing, the rover drop off its stowaway and continues to
A B C
relay commands from the ground.
D
25. Not only an aircraft can move around faster than rovers, but it also able to
A B C D
reach extreme areas.

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26. How human and natural patterns came into being on Earth’s surface
A B
remain as the questions of ancient Greek geographers.
C D
27. Fifteen minutes of high intensity interval training every day is
A
very effective in helping people to maintain their physical.
B C D
28. In 1619 after “20 and odd” Africans who were kidnapped by the
A B
Portuguese, arrived in the British colony of Virginia, slavery lasted for the
C D
two and a half centuries in North America.

29. Indigenous people had lived and depend on the forest to sustain their life
A B
until deforestation was done and stopped by the government of nations.
C D
30. With two hundreds nautical miles off the coast, nations claim and exercise
A B
sovereign rights as well as exclusive fishery management authority.
C D
31. As a part of macro nutrients, protein consists of amino acids and those
A B C
kinds are about twenty.
D
32. Genetics is the branch of sciences concerned with genes, heredity, and
A B C
variation in living organisms.
D
33. Since the late 1990s in the Republic of South Korea, the business of
A B
Korean Pop significantly rises among music industries.
C D
34. Finding the results in their database, search engines are developed since
A B C
their first launching in 1990.
D
35. Flying fish is named because able to fly like a butterfly and soars
A B C
through the water to and fro.
D

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 UPT PUSAT BAHASA UNESA
36. Naismith drew up thirteen basketball original rules where one of the
A B
facets is the methods of moving the balls that constituted an foul.
C D
37. During pandemic, teachers of special needs students struggle with feeling
A
of helplessness for handling students in one-on-one intensive guide.
B C D
38. Nuclear, opposed by many environmentalists, becomes a
A
potential alternative and radically reduced world’s carbon emission.
B C D
39. France occupied in preserving its own integrity territory in Europe was
A B
not able to engage all its time in the overseas expansion as did Spain and
C D
Portugal.

40. Normally done within a week, national exam for elementary, junior, and
A B
senior high school students had been cancelled in March 2020 due to
C D
coronavirus pandemic.

This is the end of section 2.

If you finish before 25 minutes has ended,
check your work on section 2 only.

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 UPT PUSAT BAHASA UNESA
SECTION 3
READING COMPREHENSION
Time: 55 minutes (including the reading of the directions)

Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each one is followed
by several questions about it. For questions 1-50, you are to choose the one best
answer, A, B, C, or D. to each question. Then, on your answer sheet, find the
number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the
answer you have chosen.

Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or

implied in that passage.
Read the following passage:

The railroad was not the first institution to impose regularity on

society, or to draw attention to the importance of precise timekeeping.
For as long as merchants have set out their wares at daybreak and
Line communal festivities have been celebrated, people have been in rough
(5) agreement with their neighbors as to the time of day. The value of this
tradition is today more apparent than ever. Were it not for public
acceptance of a single yardstick of time, social life would be
unbearably chaotic: the massive daily transfers of goods, services, and
information would proceed in fits and starts; the very fabric of modern
(10) society would begin to unravel.

Example I Sample Answer

What is the main idea of the passage? A B C D

(A) In modern society we must make more time for our neighbors.
(B) The traditions of society are timeless.
(C) An accepted way of measuring time is essential for the smooth
functioning of society.
(D) Society judges people by the times at which they conduct certain
activities.

The main idea of the passage is that societies need to agree about how time is to
be measured in order to function smoothly. Therefore, you should choose “C”.

Now begin work on the questions.

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 UPT PUSAT BAHASA UNESA
Text 1
The modern comic strip started out as ammunition in a newspaper
war among giants of the American press in the late nineteenth century. The
first full-color comic strip appeared in January 1894 in the New York World,
owned by Joseph Pulitzer and followed by another full-color comic appeared
5 two years later as the first regular weekly full-color comic in William
Randolph Hearst's rival New York paper, the Morning Journal. Both were
immensely popular, and publishers realized that supplementing the news,
with comic relief boosted the sale of papers. The Morning Journal started
another feature in 1896, the "Yellow Kid," the first continuous comic
10 character in the United States, whose creator, Richard Outcault, had been
lured away from the World by the ambitious Hearst. The "Yellow Kid" was
in many ways a pioneer. Its comic dialogue was the strictly urban farce that
came to characterize later strips, and it introduced the speech balloon inside
the strip, usually placed above the characters' heads.
15 The first strip to incorporate all the elements of later comics was
Rudolph Dirks's "Katzenjammer Kids," based on Wilhelm Busch's Max and
Moritz, a European satire of the nineteenth century. The "Kids" strip, first
published in 1897, served as the prototype for future American strips. It
contained not only speech balloons, but also a continuous cast of characters,
20 and was divided into small regular panels that did away with the larger
panoramic scenes of earlier comics.
Newspaper syndication played a major role in spreading the
popularity of comic strips throughout the country. Though weekly colored
comics came first, daily black-and-white strips were not far behind. The first
25 appeared in the Chicago American in 1904. It was followed by many
imitators, and by 1915 black-and-white comic strips had become a staple of
daily newspapers around the country.

1. What does the passage mainly
discuss?
A. A comparison of two popular
comic strips
B. The differences between early
and modern comic strips
C. The roles of newspapers on
comic strip stories
D. Features of early comic strips
in the United States
2. Why were Joseph Pulitzer and
William Randolph Heart
mentioned?
A. Because they established New
York's first newspaper.
B. As they published comic strips
about the newspaper war.
C. Because comic strips are still
published today.
D. As they owned major
competitive newspapers.

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3. The word “Both” in line 6 refers
to _____.
A. Full-color comics
B. The New York World and the
Morning Journal
C. William Randolph Hearst and
Joseph Pulitzer
D. Newspaper and Comics
4. In line 10-11, the statement “had
been lured away from the
World” said by Heart means that
____.
A. Hearst convinced Outcault to
leave the World.
B. Hearst fired Outcault from the
World.
C. Hearst warned Outcault not to
leave the World.
D. Hearst wanted Outcault to
work for the World.
5. These are true about the “Yellow
Kid” as the first comic strip
EXCEPT _____.
A. feature the same character in
each episode
B. include dialogue inside a
balloon
C. appear in a Chicago
newspaper
D. characterize city life in a
humorous way
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UPT PUSAT BAHASA UNESA
6. The word “It” in line 18 refers to
_____.
A. The prototype
B. American strip
C. The “Kids” strip
D. speech balloon
7. The word “panels” in line 20 can
be replaced by _____.
A. boards
B. sheets
C. lines
D. layers
8. The word “staple” in line 19 can
be replaced by _____.
A. regular feature
B. popular edition
C. new version
D. huge success
9. What does the passage suggest
about the popularity of comic
strips?
A. It provided a break from
serious news stories.
B. It made readers enjoy the
unusual drawings.
C. It guided readers to identify
the characters.
D. It told about real-life
situations.
10. In what order does the author
discuss various comic strips in the
passage?
A. In alphabetical order by title.
B. In the order in which they
were created.
C. According to the newspaper in
which they appeared.
D. From most popular to least
popular.
 UPT PUSAT BAHASA UNESA
Text 2
There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient
Greece. The one most widely accepted today assumes that drama evolved
from ritual. The argument for this view goes as follows. In the beginning,
human beings viewed the natural forces of the world, even the seasonal
5 changes, as unpredictable, and they sought through various means, to
control these unknown and feared powers. Those measures which appeared
to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they
hardened into fixed rituals. Eventually stories arose which explained or
veiled the mysteries of the rites. As time passed some rituals were
10 abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided
material for art and drama.
Those who believe that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that
those rites contained the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and
costumes were almost always used. Furthermore, a suitable site had to be
15 provided for performances, and when the entire community did not
participate, a clear division was usually made between the "acting area" and
the "auditorium." In addition, there were performers, and since considerable
importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites,
religious leaders usually assumed that task. Wearing masks and costumes,
20 they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and
mimed the desired effect-success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the
revival of the Sun-as an actor might. Eventually such dramatic
representations were separated from religious activities.
Another theory traces the theater's origin from the human interest in
25 storytelling. According to it, tales (about the hunt, war, or other feats) are
gradually elaborated at first through the use of impersonation, action, and
dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles
by a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those dances
that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal
movements and sounds.

11. What does the passage mainly 12. The word "they" in line 5 refers
discuss? to _____.
A. The origins of theater A. seasonal changes
B. The role of ritual in modern B. natural forces
dance C. theories
C. The importance of D. human beings
storytelling.
D. The variety of early religious
activities.

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13. What is assumed from drama
nowadays?
A. It’s an evolution from
tradditional ritual
B. It’s fictional work created by
artists.
C. It’s seasonal changes.
D. It’s from Ancient Greece.
14. The word "hardened" in line 8
can be best replaced by_____.
A. toughened
B. condensed
C. strengthened
D. evolved
15. These aspects of drama are
discussed in the first paragraph,
EXCEPT _____
A. The changes in drama.
B. The performance of rituals.
C. The different plots in drama
and ritual.
D. The plots in drama.
16. Where is implied in lines 12-14
in the passage?
A. The development of drama.
B. The difference of performers
and audience.
C. The evolution of rituals.
D. The description of drama.
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UPT PUSAT BAHASA UNESA
17. The word "attached" in line 18
can be replaced by _____.
A. involved
B. joined
C. used
D. engaged
18. Which of these following is NOT
TRUE about one that is mimed
by performers in ritual?
A. Supernatural beings
B. Religious leaders
C. Wars
D. Animals
19. The word "it" in line 25 refers
to_____.
A. theater’s origin
B. human interest
C. storytelling
D. tale
20. How did the theories derive the
storytelling in the theater in the
early time?
A. Those were elaborated by
impersonating people.
B. Those were represented the
religious activities.
C. Storytelling performed in part
of dances and dialogues of
actors.
D. Storytelling was acted by
different people in costumes.
 UPT PUSAT BAHASA UNESA
Text 3
Recent technological advances in manned and unmanned undersea
vehicles along with breakthroughs in satellite technology and computer
equipment have overcome some of the limitations of divers and diving
equipment. Without a vehicle, divers often became sluggish and their mental
5 concentration was limited. Because of undersea pressures that affected their
speech organs, communication among divers was difficult or impossible. But
today, most oceanographers make direct observations by means of
instruments that are lowered into the ocean, from samples taken from the
water, or from photographs made by orbiting satellites. Direct observations
10 of the ocean floor are made not only by divers but also by deep-diving
submarines and aerial photography. Some of the submarines can dive to
depths of more than seven miles and cruise at depths of fifteen thousand
feet. In addition, radio-equipped buoys can be operated by remote control in
order to transmit information back to land-based laboratories, often via
15 satellite, and what particularly important is data about water temperature,
currents and weather.
Satellite photographs can show the distribution of sea ice, oil slicks, and
cloud formations over the ocean. Maps created from satellite pictures can
represent the temperature and the color of the ocean's surface, enabling
20 researchers to study the ocean currents. Furthermore, computers help
oceanographers to collect and analyze data from submarines and satellites.
By creating a model of the ocean's movement and characteristics, scientists
can predict the patterns and possible effects of the ocean on the
environment. Recently, many oceanographers have been relying more on
25 satellites and computers than on research ships or even submarine vehicles
because they can supply a greater range of information more quickly and
more efficiently. Some of mankind's most serious problems, especially those
concerning energy and food, may be solved with the help of observations
made possible by this new technology.

21. The word "breakthroughs” in 22. What is topic of the passage?

line 2 can be best replaced by
______. A. Technological advances in
A. innovation oceanography
B. advances B. Communication among divers
C. solutions C. Direct observation of the
D. strikes ocean floor
D. Undersea vehicles

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23. The word "their" in line 3 refers
to ______.
A. divers
B. technologies
C. limitations
D. mental concentrations
24. Why do divers have problems to
communicate underwater?
A. As their speech organs were
affected by the water
pressure.
B. Because they used imperfect
vehicles.
C. Because their pronunciation
was not clearly uttered.
D. As their speech organs were
muted in the water.
25. The word "cruise" in line 8 can
be replaced by _____.
A. sail
B. travel
C. trip
D. tour
26. How a radio is equipped buoy
operated?
A. By operators inside the
vehicle in the pan underwater.
B. By operators outside the
vehicle on a ship.
C. By operators outside the
vehicle on a diving platform.
D. By operators outside the
vehicle in a laboratory on
shore.
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UPT PUSAT BAHASA UNESA
27. Which is TRUE about undersea
vehicles?
A. Those are quite small for a
man to fit in.
B. Those are very slow to
respond.
C. Those have as same
limitations as the divers.
D. Those make direct
observations of the ocean
floor possible
28. These following are shown in
satellite photographs,
EXCEPT_____
A. the temperature of the ocean's
surface.
B. cloud formations over the
ocean.
C. a model of the ocean's
movements.
D. the location of sea ice.
29. The word "they" in line 26 refers
to_____.
A. satellites and computers
B. research ships
C. oceanographers
D. range of information
20. According to the author, what
problems do the underwater
studies may eventually resolve?
A. Weather and temperature
control.
B. Food and energy shortages.
C. Transportation and
communication problems.
D. Overcrowding and housing
problem.
 UPT PUSAT BAHASA UNESA
Text 4
A pilot cannot fly a plane by sight alone, as in many conditions, such
as flying at night and landing in dense fog, a pilot must use radar, an
alternative way of navigating. Since human eyes are not very good at
determining speeds of approaching objects, radar can show a pilot how fast
5 nearby planes are moving.
Radar is an object-detection system that uses radio waves to
determine the range, angle, or velocity of objects. It can be used to detect
aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather
formations, and terrain. A radar system consists of a transmitter producing
10 electromagnetic waves in the radio or microwaves domain, a transmitting
antenna, a receiving antenna, as well as a receiver and processor to
determine properties of the object(s). Radio waves, pulsed or continuous,
from the transmitter reflect off the object and return to the receiver, giving
information about the object's location and speed.
15 The basic principle of radar is exemplified by what happens when one
shouts in a cave. The echo of the sounds against the walls helps a person
determine the size of the cave. With radar, however, the waves are radio
waves instead of sound waves. Radio waves travel at the speed of light, about
300,000 kilometers in one second. A radar set sends out a short burst of
20 radiation waves. Then it receives the echoes produced when the waves
bounce off objects. By determining the time, they take for the echoes to
return to the radar set, a trained technician can determine the distance
between the radar set and other objects. The word "radar," in fact, gets its
name from the term "radio detection and ranging." "Ranging" is the term for
25 detection of the distance between an object and the radar set. Besides being
of critical importance to pilots, radar is essential for air traffic control,
tracking ships at sea, and for tracking weather systems and storms.

31. What is the main topic of this 32. The word "It" in line 7 refers to
passage? ____.
A. Use of radar A. radar
B. Types of radar B. object
C. Alternatives to radar C. radio wave
D. History of radar D. system

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 UPT PUSAT BAHASA UNESA
33. Which of the following sentences 37. These following are not the use
describes about radar system? of Radar, EXCEPT______.
A. An object-detection which A. Sound
uses velocity of objects. B. Heat
B. A system that uses radio C. Radio
waves in determining position D. Ocean
of objects.
C. A system which uses antenna 38. The word "they" in line 21 refers
to locate certain objects. to ____.
D. A radio transmitter that has A. the echoes
transmitter and processor. B. the objects
C. the waves
34. The word "pulsed" in line 12 can D. the times
be replaced by ____.
A. throbbed 39. What might be inferred from the
B. beat word “Ranging” in Radar?
C. trembled A. It detects the distant between
D. vibrated the device and sources.
B. It ranges on the space
35. According to the passage, what between the wave length.
can radar detect besides location C. It is the space between the
of objects? wave lengths.
A. Size D. It is a term created by
B. Weight technician for the Radar.
C. Speed
D. Shape 40. Which of the following would
most likely be the topic of the
26. The word “exemplified” in line next paragraph?
15 can be replaced by ____. A. Other uses of radar.
A. illustrated B. Uses of sonar technology.
B. showed C. Other technology used by
C. performed pilots.
D. drawn D. A history of flying.

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 UPT PUSAT BAHASA UNESA
Text 5

Today, the most universally known style of trousers for both men and
women is jeans; these trousers are worn throughout the world on a variety of
occasions and in diverse situations. Also called Levi’s or denims, jeans have an
interesting history, one that is intermixed with the derivations of the words
5 jeans, denims, and Levi’s.
The word “jeans” is derived from the name of the place where a
similar style of pants developed. In the sixteenth century, sailors from Genoa,
Italy, wore a rather unique type of cotton trousers. In a French language, the
word for the city of Genoa and for the people from that city is Genes; this
10 name became attached to the specific style of pants worn by the sailors from
this city and developed into the word jeans that today describes the
descendants of the Genovese sailors' cotton pants.
Similar to the word jeans, the word denim is also derived from a place
name. In the seventeen century, French tailors began making trousers out of a
15 specialized type of cloth that was developed in the city of Nimes, France, and
was known as serge de Nimes. This name for the cloth underwent
transformations, and it eventually developed into today's denim, the material
from which jeans are made and an alternate name for these popular pants.
While the word “Levi’s” actually came from the name of a person rather
20 than a place. In the nineteenth century, immigrant Levi Strauss came to
America and tried his hand at selling heavy canvas to miners taking part in
the hunt for gold in northern California. Strauss intended for this canvas to
be used by mine to make heavy-duty tents. This first endeavor was a failure,
but Strauss later found success when he used the heavy canvas to make
25 indestructible pants for the miners. Levi’s then switched the fabric from
brown canvas to blue denim, creating a style of pants that long outlived him
and today is referred to by his name. A modern-day urban shopper out to
buy some Levi’s is searching for a close relative of the product that Strauss
had developed years earlier.

41. This passage is developed by 42. The word “one” in line 4 refers to
_______. ____.
A. citing an effect and its causes A. jeans
B. explaining history with three B. Levi’s
specific cases C. an interesting history
C. demonstrating the sides of an D. the word
issue
D. developing the biography of a
famous person chronologically

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 UPT PUSAT BAHASA UNESA
43. These following are mentioned in 47. The word "alternate" in line 18
the passage about Genoa EXCEPT could best be replaced by ______.
_____. A. substitute
A. It was the source of the word B. replacement
jeans C. alias
B. It is in Italy D. another
C. It has a different name in the
French language 48. It can be inferred from the
D. It is a landlocked city passage, what did Strauss do to
develop the pants for which he
44. The word “attached" in line 8 can became famous?
be replaced by ____. A. He studied tailoring in Nimes.
A. referred B. He used an existing type of
B. involved material.
C. closed C. He experimented with brown
D. adhered denim.
D. He tested the pants for
45. What was derived from the word destructability.
denim?
A. It was originally from a place 49. What is the best sentence for the
in France. second sentence in line 20?
B. It was from a French name. A. Strauss was originally from
C. It was from an Italian word. Italy who later moved to
D. It was a mixed of French and America.
Italian words. B. He was the one who
discovered the material used
46. The word “This” in line 16 refers to make the trousers.
to ____. C. It was a name of a person who
A. Serge de Nimes invented the trousers.
B. Denim D. Different from denim, it refers
C. A type of cloths to a name of person who
D. French Tailor found the new material for
trousers.

50. What lines explained the Strauss'

first attempt at creating a
business with canvas?
A. Lines 20-22
B. Lines 22-23
C. Line 23-25
D. Lines 25-27

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