Dechosa, Jane T.

BSED-MATH SM31
🔗APPLICATION – Let’s Apply
1. Why was the focus of education different for different groups of people in different places and at different periods in world history? What does
this point to regarding relationship of schools and society?
The focus of education differs from the groups of people in different places at different periods in world history, for the reason that the
education is changing and developing so it is not focusing only in one frame. It also depends on the needs and on the perspectives of
the people in that society. As I have learned that in different periods in history it has its own goal. However, with regards to the
relationship of schools and society, it explains on how they provide essential components of good education that are required for
societal progress.

2. Given the different characteristics of the different periods in Philippine history, what were the goals of education /schools during the:
a) Pre-colonial,
During the pre-colonial era, the education system is not yet established systematically. It was informal, unstructured, and decentralized
and the teacher in pre-colonial era was called babaylan or katolanan and the parents. The goal of education in this era was mainly focused on
indigenous groups which to educate the children how to become a good husband and wife.

b) Spanish Period,
When Spaniards came, the education system become formal and organized. Students attend formal schooling in parochial school
where its instruction was religion oriented and the teacher which is the tribal tutors are replaced by Spanish missionaries. For the reason that
the main goal of the Spanish era in education is to spread Christianity.

c) American regime
In American Regime education system become opened for everybody. It strengthened the education system by providing elementary,
high school and college university. The commonwealth period offers free education all over the country with accordance to the 1935
constitution. Vocational education, household activities, and good manner as well as discipline was being thought to the students. It also
 emphasized the nationalism so that students can be aware about the Filipino Heroes. By that for me the goal of education in American regime
was to develop broader education and become more centralized and patterned from the educational setup.

d) Japanese regime,
While when the Japanese Regime, it promotes materialism and fostering new Filipino culture. Also, in Japanese occupation the make
people understand the position of the Philippines in East-Asians Co-prosperity Sphere. They also promote vocational education and the use of
Japanese language hence they terminated and diffuse the elementary education and the use of English language in teaching. The main goal of
Japanese occupation is to develop love for work and dignity of labor.

e) post-colonial period?
In the post-colonial, many things happen in education. Civil service eligibility of teachers, flag racing ceremony, Circular offering, Magna
Carta for teachers was being established. The goal of education in post-colonial are foster love of country, teach the duties of citizenship,
develop moral character, self-discipline and scientific, technological and vocational efficiency.

3. Was equal access to quality education met during the:

a) Pre-colonial
The access to quality education during this pre-colonial period was not equal. This is due to the fact that the children are educated
according to their gender, like boys were taught on how to look for food and other means of livelihood while girls were taught how to do
household chores and it is more on vocational education than academics.
b) Spanish period
There is no equal access to quality education has been impose because only wealthy Filipinos or ilustrados were allowed and
accommodated in the schools. Other Filipinos were neglected and they stole their rights to education.
 c) American regime
This period established a three-level school system which implies that everyone has a right to education with equal access
d) Japanese regime
In this period, Japanese provided an equal access to education but more on vocational education since the goal on this period is to
develop love of work and dignity of labor.
e) post-colonial period up to the present?
In this post-colonial up to present times there is an equal access to the education. Since many things happen and change, this is why is
students are obliged to study and it is equal even it is poor or rich kid they have the same access to quality education. Many, programs or
organization is formed giving free education to all no matter what you are or who you are.

4. DepEd's mission is "to protect and promote the right of every Filipino to quality, equitable, culture-based, and complete basic education." Has
the Philippine educational system from pre-colonial to present given equal access to quality, culture-based and complete basic education? Or
was it a privilege of a few? Explain your answer.
In my own perspective, I believe it is a privilege for a few if it is from Pre-colonial to Spanish period hence it became equal when the American
regime starts up to the present. This is based on my answer in question number 3; however, it is just my opinion and to explain my point of view,
education is privilege for a few people in times of pre-colonial to the Spanish period. The main reason is that in pre-colonial students are
educated according to their gender as well as in the Spanish period those who are wealthy Filipinos or ilustrados are being accommodated in
school and this is why the access to quality, culture-based and complete basic education in these 2 periods in history is not given equally.
Moreover, when the American Regime came the access to quality, culture-based and complete basic education became equal to all.
5. Read the article below. What does job-skills mismatch imply about the relevance of schools to present society? Are schools’ effective agents of
socialization in preparing Filipino graduates for their job roles?

According to the article, job skill’s mismatch has relevance to the school in the present society. Job skill’s mismatch meaning not enough or
not capable in that job, or not fully equip to do better in that job. Also, for the society function well, develop and make progress it is a must that
everyone is educated. School takes important role in this part, to educate people. Instilling them the values, skills, and knowledge can result to the
people in realizing or knowing their important part or role and function in the society. Like on what John Dewey said "When a school introduces and
trains each child of a society into membership within such a little community, saturating him with the spirit of service, and Providing him with the
instrument effective self-direction, we shall have the deepest and best guaranty of a larger society which is worthy, lovely, and harmonious."
Furthermore, schools are effective agents of socialization in preparing Filipino graduates for their job roles. This is because there are so many
programs or organization that support schools in training their students, through this education has been affecting society by socializing individuals.
Socializing students to their future work are one that makes them prepare and fully equip to face or do their job roles in their chosen field. Also,
schools are considered as special agent in preparing graduates as what I have said earlier that the school are the one who will acquired skills,
develop abilities, and instill values to the students or graduates that can help them to fully aware of their individual roles on the society.
6. Education is a function of society. Considering the positive society negative elements of 21st Century society:
a) state the educational goals that 21st Century schools should pursue;
The educational goal in 21 st Century that should pursue is to provide a globally competitive graduates and fully equip in terms of
academic and well trained when it comes to their skills and capability in their chosen field.
b) describe the ideal 21 St Century graduate; and
The ideal 21st Century graduate are must be well educated, and skills-ready in their specific field of specialization.
c) describe the education delivery mode.
The education delivery mode was good and easy. This due to the help of different technology that makes learning easy and more
understandable.

6.1 Will the survival skills taught in primitive societies suffice for the citizens of a 21st Century world?
As what I have learned skills imparted or taught on prehistoric civilization was focus on surviving in natural forces such as language, moral
behavior and livelihood. On the other hand, in 21 st Century people are taught in many things and in different ways since advance technologies are
being discovered and its aiming that people will be taught the duties of citizenship, develop moral character, self-discipline and scientific,
technological and vocational efficiency, and foster love of country. Moreover, in my own understanding I believe that survival skills taught in primitive
societies is being practiced and essential in 21 st Century world. Even though we are already in the twenty-first century, primitive societies continue to
live in the furthest corners of the globe. There are also some low-income families who get water from rivers and cook their food in the woods. In the
21st century, persons born into wealthy families are less likely to survive than people who are born into poverty and must live in a condition of
nothingness.