Introduction

Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand.

Of the total water available on the planet, 97% is in the seas and oceans (salt water) and only
3% is fresh water.

The more people, the more water consumption.

Because of that, in a few years' time, the increase in population will signal a more serious
water crisis.

There’s nothing more essential to life on earth than water and we live in a world where this
resource is becoming an increasing challenge.

do you know which countries use the most water?

• China

• United States

• Brazil

If water is an essential good, its lack will put the functioning of many sectors at risk.

The scarcity of water in the world is aggravated by social inequality and the lack of sustainable
management and use of natural resources.

The water crisis is a health crisis. Nearly 1 million people die each year from water, sanitation
and hygiene-related diseases which could be reduced with access to safe water or sanitation.
Every 2 minutes a child dies from a water-related disease.

Inês: Catarina, have you ever wondered if we will have water in 2050 if we continue to have
these passive attitudes towards this problem?

Catarina: Every time I turn on the tap in my house I get water, so no, I never thought about this
problem.

Inês: Okay, but by 2050, 1 in 5 developing countries will face water shortages. Half of the
world's population could be living in areas facing water. Some 700 million people could be
displaced by intense water scarcity.

in our presentation we're going to talk about:

•Causes

•Consequences

•Solutions

•The influence of water pollution

•and finally, the conclusion

 Soluctions
Water is a precious but scarce commodity.

It is essential to life, but its use has to be very well managed and controlled so that living
beings can enjoy this good. We must reduce water consumption and avoiding waste. There is
an increasing number of countries around the world that suffer from a shortage of drinking
water.

Faced with the lack of this resource, several strategies have been created to face the crisis and
supply the population, such as:

 the use of groundwater;

 The use of treated wastewater
 Transposition of rivers;

Despite the existence of various techniques, the best way to avoid the worsening of the water
crisis in the world is to appeal to the population to be aware that this problem is a reality!

Did you know that a simple gesture such as keeping the tap closed while brushing your teeth
can save between 10 and 30 liters of water?

In other words, small gestures in our daily lives can make all the difference, and if each person
made these same gestures maybe this problem wouldn't be so serious.

One of the techniques, of saving freshwater consumption, that caught my attention a lot was
the technique of converting seawater to fresh water.

The technologies involved in seawater desalination are new but promising. The process
involves converting sea water into fresh water suitable for drinking, cooking, bathing, and
more, which is a big plus!

But the downside is that this process requires huge amounts of energy, so it is important that
these energy sources are sustainable so that they do not contribute to further water scarcity.

While the issue of water scarcity may seem rather daunting, there is much hope. If we come
together to invest in reducing water scarcity, we can help ensure that people are able to rely
on healthy water sources for decades to come.

But it's not because of this alternative that we shouldn't do our best every day to save water!