Soap and its properties activity no. 12 mostly prepared from blend of tallow and coconut oils. In the preparation from tallow, the solid fats of cattle are < Z ) melted with steam, and the tallow layer that forms on top is removed. Saponification 2 go tebe +3KOH Be bon 6g Kode ° Ob-oF 5 2 Kote thers les repel each, other and ot sciiphreron Sepercehn wget este 1on-polar Grose falty dees are les sable, tan : sodium or ‘potassium bs ‘xQ The hydrolysis of an ester in sour precetale riven code water aqueous NaOH or KOH to an 2 alcohol and the sodium or @ potassium salt ofa carboxylic acid. Latin: saponem, "soap" How soap cleans 2): 3 Soap owes its remarkable cleansing properties ‘Dto its ability to act as an emulsifying agent. ir the because the long chain of hydrocarbon chains ints are Toth Q of natural soaps are insoluble in water , soap emuleih 1g Adee souble fove molecules tend to cluster in a way as to stance? ter ond erat rer 03,0" ‘O minimize contact of their hydrogen chains t+ and Wat cged I WANE sat with sorroundingwater molecules. wPorrly Rig 0 substance on emnulsion- thE Sir polar EO mists fer e ec 6 spherical arrangements of molecules in aqueous solution such that their hydrophobic (water-hating) parts are shielded from the aqueous environment and their hydrophilic (water-loving) parts are on the surface of the sphere