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TheHumanFigure 10251736
TheHumanFigure 10251736
F IG U R E
By %O H N H . V AN D E R PO E L
I n t r c to r i n D r w i n g a n d
s u a
P a i n t i n g L e c t re r o n t he
. u
D ra w i n g a n d C o n s t ru c t i o n
o f t he H u m a n F i g u re , A rt
I n s t i t u t e o f C hi c a g o
gt?
FO U R T H E D IT IO N
CHIC A GO :
T HE IN L AND PRI NT E R C O M P AN Y
19 1 1
D E D X CAT E D To
W M R
. . . FR E N CH ,
TO W H OSE CO N S T A N T E N CO U R AGE M E N T n u
A UT H O R IS D E E PL Y IN D E BT E D .
PL AT E I
. PE N C I L D R AW I N G 0 F F E M ALE F I GU R E .
BY %. H . V A N D E R P OE L .
D R AW IN G T H E H U M A N
F IG U R E
i UCCE S S F UL L Y to bu ild u p the human figu re
in a drawing painting or statu e either from
, ,
’
not to be wondered at that the student s eye is
readily blinded to the hidden construction of the
form .
’
At this stage of the student s advancement a
carefu l stu dy of artistic anatomy as elucidated ,
’
In the first p eriod the student s min d is en
grossed with the search for the relative place the
p art shal l occupy in conveying the impression of
the whole % havin g secu red the p os ition of the
p art the second p eriod is occup ied in turnin g the
,
’ ’
The artist s or illustrator s final obj ective is
the p ictorial and he u ses any and all technical
,
or i es of
col o r p erspective effect of l ight and
, ,
’
E very stroke of the artist s bru sh should p rove
his understanding of the form of the subj ect
matter dep icted % this includes insight into the
character of the model understanding of his a c ,
that the stu dent may the m ore read ily u nderstand
the construction of the figu re as analyzed in the ,
’
m ent o f the stu dent s skill as a draftsman that
he vary the means according to the end requ ired .
mended to stude n ts .
C H I CAGO I LL %une 1 9 0 7
, .
, , .
T H E H U M AN F I GU R
CO N T E N T S
D e d i c a t i on
D rawi ng t h e H u m a n F i gure — A u t h o r ’
s P refa c e an d
A d v i c e to t he S t u d ent
C H A PT E R I .
T h e Ey e s 19
C H A PT E R I I .
T h e No s e 31
S t u d e nt s N ot e s
’
3 5 , 36 , 3 7
C H AP T E R I I I .
T he Mo u t h a nd C h i n 39
S t u d e nt s N ot e s
’
45
C H A PT E R IV .
T he E ar 47
CH A PTE R V .
T he H ea d
S tu d ent s N ot e s
’
62
C H A P T E R VI .
Th e B on y S t ru ct ure o f t he T ru n k 65
S t u d ent s N ot e s
’
68
C H A P T E R VI I .
Th e S tu d y o f t h e T ru n k .
C H A P T E R VI I I .
T ru n k F r ont a n d Ba c k 83
S t u d ent s N ot e s
’
86 , 87
C H AP TE R I X .
T ru n k —Ba c k an d H i ps . 89
S t u d e n t s N ot e s
’
9 2 , 9 3, 9 4, 9 5 , 9 6 , 9 7 , 9 8
14 CONTENTS .
P A GE
C H AP T E R X .
N eck ,T h ro a t a n d Sh o u ld er s 1 01
S tu d ent s N ot e s
’
1 04 , 1 05
C H A PTE R XI .
T he Sh o ul d er s a n d C he s t
C H AP T E R XI I .
Th e Sh o u l d er a nd Arm O O O O O O O O O O O
S t u d ent s N ot e s
’
C H AP T E R XI I I .
The Arm W ri s t a n d H a n d
, .
C H A P TE R X I V .
T h e H a nd a n d W ri s t 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
S tu d ent s’
N ot e s 1 2 4,
C H AP T E R XV .
T he L eg
S t u d e n t s N ot e s
’
1 3 3 , 1 3 4,
C H AP T E R XVI .
T h e Foot
S t u d e nt s N ot es
’
1 3 9 , 1 40,
C H AP TE R XVI I .
T he F i gure a s a W h ol e .
S tu d ent s N ot e s
’
1 5 0 , 1 5 1 , 1 52 , 1 5 3 ,
16 I LL U S T R AT I O N S .
P AGE
76
a n d D imen s i on s — O u t li n e a n d Sha d i n g 77
P LAT E XX I I S ect i on s M al e 79
P LATE X XI V — C on s t ru ct i on of Sh o u ld er s F r ont
a nd B a c k 82
P LATE X XV — C o n s t ru ct i on o f T o r s e —F r on t a nd
Ba c k 88
P LA T E X XVI —C on s t ru ct i o n o f N e c k 99
PLATE XXVI I —C o n s t ru ct i o n o f N e c k 1 00
PLATE X XVI II — C on s t ru ct i o n o f N e ck a n d Sh o ul d er s 1 06
P LA T E XX X —C on s t ru ct i o n o f Arm 115
P LATE XXXI I —C o n s t ru ct i on o f H a n d 1 22
P LAT E X XXI I I — C on s t ru ct i o n o f L eg 1 26
P LA T E X XX I V —C on s t ru ct i on o f L eg a n d Foot 1 30
P LA T E X XXV —C o n s t ru ct i o n o f Foot . 1 36
Sh o wi n g W e dg e Fo rma t i o n by J H V a n d er po e l
, . . . 1 45
S t ron g L i g h t a n d Sha d e by J H V a nd er po e l
, . . . 1 46
Sh o wi n g W e d g e Fo rma t i o n a n d Su ppo r t i n g Bu t
t re s s by J H V a nd er po e l
, . . 1 48
fro m L ife by N ed H a d le y
,
. 1 55
fr o m L i fe b y E li z a b e t h L a n e
,
. 1 56
ILLU STR A TIO N S .
17
P A GE
PLATE X L I I I — Ch ar co a l D raw i ng o f M al e F i gu re ,
fr o m L ife by E mil A Jo h n s on
, . 1 57
fr o m L ife b y N P W Swa n s on
, . . . 1 58
fr o m L i fe b y L o u i s e P erre tt
, 1 60
PLATE X L VI I — O i l S t u d y o f M ale T o r s e fr o m L i fe
, ,
by P er c y Bewl ey 1 61
Sh o wi n g F r ont o f W e dg e a n d Bu tt re s s i n Sha do w ,
by J H V a n d er po el
. . 1 62
b y J H V a nd er po el
. . 1 63
PLATE S L L I L I I L I I I L I V — Ch ar co al D rawi ng s
, , , ,
f o r M ura l P a i nt i n g T h e V i nt a g e F e s t i v al
, ,
by %
J H V a n d er po e l
. . . 1 64 1 65 1 66 1 67
, , , ,
1 68
T H E H UM AN F IG U R E
C H AP TE R I .
T H E EYE S .
wh ich it is containe d .
H aving stud ied the orb ital plane and the man
ner in which it affects its contents the eye itself ,
’
The draftsman s p r o blem in conveying a pi c t o
rial representation of a l iving form l ies in hi s
u nderstanding of the structural form depicted .
the ball .
end .
In
which the bridge and the end are but sl ightly fel t
as deviation from the general d irection the l ine ,
follows .
widest .
36 TH E H U M AN F I GU R E
NOSE . 37
PL AT E VI . C O N S T RU C T I O N OF MOUTH .
40 T H E H U M AN F I GU R E .
rou nded .
l a ri t y .
mouth % —
see P late V I I three qu arter v iew sl ightly
, ,
BY J H V A N D E R POEL
. . .
C H AP T E R V
TH E HE AD .
c i a t ed,
enable the student the more readily to
understand the relationship of the planes that
bound it We find the same skeleton o r bony
.
it in a vertical p os ition .
’
l ine drawn throu gh the length of the animal s
h ead ru ns d iagonally through th e median line ,
give it substance .
in shadow .
BY ABIGA IL HO LM A N .
PL AT E XI I . PE N C I L D R AW I N G O F YO U N G WO M AN .
BY % H
. . V A N D ER POE L .
TH E H E AD .
57
BY IS BA E L T E M P LE .
PL AT E X IV . C H AR C O AL D R AW I N G OF YO U N G GI RL 0N
T O N E D P APE R .
BY %
. H V A N D E RPOE L
. .
T H E H U M AN FI GURE
PL AT E X V . C H ARC O AL D R AW I N G O F MAN F R O M L I F E .
BY WALDo B OW S ER .
XVI . C H ARC O AL D R AW I N G '
O F Y O U NG GI R L F R O M
C H AP T E R V I .
rests up on it .
66 T H E H U M A N F I GU R E .
hou et t e .
n en c e l
, p eS backward decidedly parallel t o the ,
dorsal vertebr ae .
is nearly p erp end icu lar and p laced oppos ite the
chest thou gh not so long
,
I mmediately bel o w
.
,
P L AT E XXI V . C O N ST RU C TI O N O F SH O U LD E R S F RO N T
,
A N D BAC K .
C H AP T E R V III .
T H E T RU N K —F R ONT A ND BA CK .
horizontal section .
84 T H E H U M A N FI GU R E .
T H E TRU N K —BACK A ND H I P S .
T H E S H OU LDE R S AND CH E ST .
w ith the scap ula and scap ula with clavicle should
, ,
i
be carefully stud ied to enable the student to com
p rehend the planes p resented in the li v i n g model .
’
Comb ine d the c lavicles form a Cup id s bow
, .
T H E S H OU LDE R A ND A R M .
t i c i pa t es
in it and becomes in turn a p art of the
len gth of the arm .
’
The student s intention should be to convey in
his drawing the great masses of form % i n the
arm he should l ook f or long lines that will convey
,
‘
fi ed by the action .
’
A n artist s arm may almost be in rep ose only the ,
n ec t ed .
the wrist .
T H E LEG .
profile .
straight .
os s ifi ed .
BY J . H . V A N D ER POE L
.
C H AP T E R XV I I .
T H E FI GURE A S A W H OLE .
extends beyond it .
shorten ing .
S E P A R A T I N G F RO N T F RO M SI D E T H R O U GH S T RO N G
L I GH T A N D S H A D E .
BY J H V A N D E R POE L
. . .
THE F I GU R E A S A W H O L E .
147
an alyzed .
imposs ible that other t han the sal ient l ines that
emphas ize the movement and the great planes that
envelop the substance should b e ou r first obj ect
in beginning t he dra wing but only the ex pe ,
S H O WI N G WE D G E F O R M AT I O N A N D S U P P O R T I N G
BU T T R E S S .
BY J H V A N D ER POE L
. . .
1 50 TH E H U MA N FI G U R
F I GU R E A WHOLE .
151
T H E H U M A N FI G U R E .
1 54 T H E H U M A N F I GU R E
P L A T E X LI C H ARC O AL D R A W I N G O F F E MA L E F I GU R E
F RO M LI F E .
BY N ED H AD LE Y .
P L AT E XLI I . C H A R C O A L D R AW I N G O F MA L E FI G U R E
F RO M LI F E .
BY B
EL IZA ETH LA N E .
P L AT E X L I V . C H AR C O AL D R A WI N G 0 F M AL E FI G U R E
F RO M LI F E .
BY N . P W SWAN SO N
. . .
PL AT E XLV . C H A R C O A L D R A W I N G O F F E M ALE FI G U R E
FRO M LI F E.
B Y LOUIS E PERRE IT
' ‘
.
PL AT E X LVI II . P E N CI L D R A WI N G O F F E MA L E T O R S E ,
S H O WI N G F RO N T O F W E D G E A N D BU T T R E S S I N
S HAD OW .
BY J . H. VAN DERPOEL .
PLAT E P L A T E S L L I , LI I , L I I I LIV , C H A R C O A L
, ,
D R A WI N G S F O R M U R A L P A I N T I N G ,
%
T H E VI N T A G E F E S T I V A L %
.
BY J . H . VAN D ERP OE L .