Name: Halmiatul Muamaroh

Nim: 190511100040
Class: Semantics 6B

Resume 1 (11 Maret 2022)

The Basic Ideas in Semantics

What is Semantics? mean
 The study of meaning in language
 The study of meaning of words or phrase or sentences in language
 Focus on sentences meaning of language
Ezample:
 I don’t know what you mean by “glory”
 “glory” doesn’t mean a nice knockdown argument for you
The word mean, then can be applied to peaople who use language to speaker (and authors), in
roughly the sense, roughly expressed as “be equivalent to”
There are two types:
 Speaker meaning is what a speaker mean (intends to convey) when he uses a piece of
language.
 Sentences meaning (or word meaning) is what a sentences (or word) means what it
counts as the equivalent of in the language concerned.
Semantics vs Semiotics
Semiotics deals the general study of sign system.
Semantics vs Pragmatics
 Both field of study deal with an investigation of meaning (sama” mengkaji makna)
 Semantics dealing with exlicature and implicature on the basic of context.
 Pragmatics dealing with literal meaning.

Sentences, Utterance, and Proposition

Sentences
 Neither a physical event nor a physical object
 Grammarical complete string of word expressing a complete thought
Utterance
 Any stretch of talk by one person, befire and after which there is silence on the part of
that person.
 An utterance is the use by a particular speaker, on a particular occasion, of a piece of
language, such as a sequence of sentences, or a single phrase, or even a single word.
Example:
 Hello!
 Not much..
Proposition
The part of the meaning of the utterance of a declarative sentences, or which describes
some state of affairs.
Example:
 John gave Mary a book
 Mary was given a book by john
(the sentences is different and the proposition is same)

Note
We shall see that we have to be vary careful, when talking about meaning, to make it clear
wheter we are dealing with utterances or sentences.
Proposition  Sentences  Utterances

The relation of the term Proposirion, Sentences, and Utterances is:

 That anything can be said of propositions can be said of iutterances, but not
necessarily vice-versa.
 That anything can be said of sentences can also be said of utterances, but not
neccessarily vice-versa.