Name: Subject: Business 9609

Student ID: Class: AS: _____________ Date:

Topic:
Fill The Skill: 1 AS2.1: HRM - AS2.2: MOTIVATION Marks: _____/12

Paper: 1 (P1)

(a) Analyse the benefits to a business of focusing on staff morale and welfare. [8]
Knowledge and Understanding 2 marks
• Clear understanding of staff morale & staff welfare

Application 2 marks
• Make References to staff morale and/or welfare in a business

Analysis 4 marks
• Staff morale = confidence and enthusiasm that employees feel towards their place of work
• Welfare = health and happiness of employees.
• Business that takes steps to ensure highest possible staff morale and welfare of employees, that
business likely to have benefits such as:
+ highly motivated workforce.
+ Importance to employees leads them to increased enthusiasm for work
+ loyalty to the business
+ a willingness to work hard for the business
+ Employees more willing to suggest improvements to the workplace if their contribution is
valued.
+ Employee receives help and advice when needed = more productive
• A problem outside work = poor performance in the workplace.
• A business that helps to remove that external problem is likely to benefit:
+ Less labour turnover
+ reduction in time and money involved in recruitment / selection
+ Less risk of damaged/poor reputation of the business.
+ A business focusing on staff morale and welfare = make sure that all health and safety
guidelines are followed
+ Employees will feel that their safety is important to their employers.
+ Staff morale can also be affected by:
+ employers paying attention to equality and diversity = leads to employees’ confidence +
belief pf being treated fairly, regardless of gender, race, religion etc.
+ This can make a business attractive to potential employees.

7(b). Discuss whether the ideas of David McClelland could help managers of a hospital to satisfy the
human needs of its employees. [12] MJ21/11

Knowledge and Understanding 2 marks - Initiate your answer by focusing the following:
• Clear understanding of the ideas of David McClelland
• Clear understanding of managers
• Clear understanding of human needs
• Clear understanding of employees
> Incorporate all the above
Application 2 marks
• State the use of McClelland’s ideas to satisfying human needs
Analysis 2 marks
• List and express Human needs:
• McClelland’s three key motivational factors: Achievement, Affiliation and Authority and
explanation of these factors
• Compose a best possible relation to the given business in the question

Evaluation 6 marks
> You should make a judgement as to whether the ideas of David McClelland could help managers
of a hospital to satisfy the human needs of its employees.
• Judgments should be made in context to a hospital at the concluding (bottom) of your answer.
• the ideas of McClelland can meet the human needs of employees should be judged.
• Judgment depends on the present approach of managers & to what extent employees are kept
involve.
• McClelland’s three factors can meet the human needs of employees, but it requires a level of
involvement and trust on the part of the hospital managers.

Paper: 2 (P2)
Market Solution (MS) MJ20/22
MS is a public limited company in the tertiary sector. MS advises businesses on elements of the
marketing mix. Most of its customers are small businesses who cannot afford their own marketing
department. MS designs marketing materials for these businesses to use.
Although MS uses computer aided design (CAD), the business is labour intensive. MS employs
specialist marketing workers as well as administrative support workers. Table 2.1 shows some data
about employees of MS.

MS has recently employed Hetti as the new Human Resources Manager. Hetti thinks that the ideas of
the motivational theorists are important when managing employees. She is particularly worried about
the labour turnover of the administrative support workers.

(i) Define the term ‘tertiary sector’. [2]

> Businesses that sell services (intangible goods) instead of end products.
(ii) Explain the term ‘performance related pay’[3]
> Pay is the reward given to workers for their labour.
> Performance related means that this is linked to the output that the worker produces, or by
meeting a required target.
(i) Refer to Table 2.1. Calculate the difference between the labour turnover of the
specialist marketing workers and the labour turnover of the administrative support workers. [4]
> Number of workers who left / Average number of workers X 100
Formula:
> Marketing specialists: 2/40 X 100 = 5%
> Administrative workers: 11/88 X 100 = 12.5%
> Difference: 12.5 – 5 = 7.5%

(b) (ii) Analyse how Hatti can use the idea of two motivational theories to reduce the labor turnover
of the administrative support workers.

Content:
> McClelland (Three Needs Theory)
• Workers have a need for affiliation so may be motivated by social events, opportunities to
work with colleagues etc.
> Herzberg (Two Factor Theory)
• The factors in the table are unlikely to motivate (i.e. hygiene factors).
• Do workers have enough holidays and, for example, a staff restaurant?
• Otherwise this could be a reason for their demotivation and labour turnover.
> Vroom (Expectancy Theory
• Although the bonus is part of the payment system for the admin workers it is not expected
so is unlikely to motivate them and keep them in the business
• Are targets too high? S
• hould the bonus be paid more often to reduce labour turnover?
> Taylor (Scientific Management)
• Is the pay high enough to motivate?
• Low compared to national average.
> Mayo (Hawthorne Effect)
• Is there enough supervision
• suggests monitoring but is it effective?
> Maslow (Hierarchy of Needs)
> Table suggests that social needs are most important for the workers : are these needs being
met?