NZ) ea | Chapter 9 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments SECTION -A (Reflection of Lights from Spherical Plane/Mirrors) 4, Answer (1) R Res 5 =5om 8 2. Answer (3) Axial magnification of a short object is given by my (vy =(")1 la) 3. Answer (3) sino usine vio =vi-Vo o J, =-weose + usin} -(ucosei+usine)) ‘ dl 10080 1 i, =-2ueoso? cose Straight line and horizontal 4, Answer (3) The reflected ray, refracted ray a incident ray and normal all ie on the same plane. Hence (3) is true. 5. Answer (1) Digital movie projectors need parabolic mirrors to converge all incident rays to a point. Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-4762345664 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Solutions of Assignment (Level-) 6. Answer (1) Real images are images formed from actual intersection of light rays. Positon of “Se virus object imaoe “ In plane mior formation of ea images is shown above 7. Answer 2) For numberof mages formed from plane miror m= 3603605 oe If it was at any other point the number of images (n) = m but this is not so. Since it is placed symmetrically n=m-1 or n=5-1 or n= 4 images 8, Answer (2) A tane @ My 8 tana i) 3m By, ce 9. Answer (1) U9 =¥, 40, =V-(-v)= 2 (Refraction) 40. Answer (1) coin = t(1- 64) = 2(1-z4) Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456Solutions of Assignment (Level) Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 65) 41. Answer (4) 1, NRed When refraction occurs through parallel glass stab, Nr the emergent ray is parallel to incident ray. 3 e254 | 4 because 1 ||2 Se > 2is 12. Answer (1) Real depth © Apparent depth When an image is least raised its apparent depth is highest. Ril. is lowest which happens to be for red light. 13. Answer (1) Colour of a wave depends more on frequency than wavelength as it depicts the amount of energy is carries. Since frequency and energy doesnot change it will simply remain red. (Total Internal Reflection) 14, Answer (4) All the statements are true. 15. Answer (3) 2 V 16. Answer (4) hen (Numerical aperture) hysin hi, = 1.68, u, Aa Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-4762345666 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Solutions of Assignment (Level-) 17. Answer (3) 180° =/ +90 +r 90-7 ili y= sini a sinr wes tan / 18. Answer (3) sinig = EE om Where 1, = Ril. of rarer medium y= RL. of denser medium sinjg -4 i= 3 (Refraction at Spherical Surfaces) 19. Answer (4) beet wets = 2h om, ef R=+120m 7 ea) v= becomes parallel to the principal axis. (On second face, wy = 1.5, pp = 1,U> =, R=— 12cm Ba Hy Bei 24 om Final image at 24 cm from the surface and from centre of sphere. Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456Solutions of Assignment (Level) Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 67 20. Answer (4) 24 = 16,u,=1,u= 120m, R= —6om 116 1-18 vo 12-6 v= — 30 om. (Virtual image) (Refraction by Lenses) 22. Answer (3) Hs _ aby bs Fy 23. Answer (3) For parallel incidence image is at f, distance from O,. For final emergence to be parallel object for Il is at distance f, from O,. The distance between | and II would be f, + f, 24, Answer (4) In displacement method mm, = 1 n= Jinn h=V24x6 h= 120m Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-4762345668 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments ‘Solutions of Assignment (Level) 25. 26. a. 28. 29, 30. 31 Answer (3) f+ Tra, Tru, u, = 40 om, u, = -30 em #0 “f= 40) = f= 30 +40 =f-30 f= #35 om ‘Answer (1) Power of concave lens = ‘Adding combination = -4 D Answer (1) 25D=-15D ‘Total power of combination will be more than power of given lens and focal length will be less. Answer (3) D reo a 60 ( V= +80 om 1 1 4 ae 7 ; =a (Object) 20 <— 80cm —> Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456Solutions of Assignment (Level) Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 69 32. Answer (3) Maximum magnification is when final image is at near point D. 33. Answer (3) 34, Answer (1) mym, = 1 which is a fact. Here the lens is moved between the object and the screen. vand wu interchange values between the two positions a clear image is formed on the screen, v uw ~ and m, = = u v itm, mm, = 1 35. Answer (2) By principle of reversibility where must be symmetry in the two position qd vou dta Hence, “se 2,2 1 Putting in lens equation 7+ =F aa ° 4d 7 In, -m,] 36. Answer (4) Net power of combination P=2P,+P,, where P, is power of lens P,, is power of mirrors Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-4762345670 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments P=100 Focal length of combination (f) 4 mor 10. cm a 10 alt v 60 14 v0 7 120m 37. Answer (4) 38. Initially it is simply a concave mirror with 1 Power of miror(P,,) = 5 Focal length of lens = Power of lens = os 100 50 Equivalent power 2P, +P, 50, P 6 Net focal length Answer (3) Final image coincides with the object when rays fall normal to the mirror or parallel to principal axis. For this virtual object must be at the focus of concave lens. Distance of virtual object from concave lens = 50 - 10 Focal length of concave lens = 40 cm, Solutions of Assignment (Level-) Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456Solutions of Assignment (Level) (Refraction through a Prism) 39. Answer (3) For light to retrace its path it must reflect normally in the mirror. When it does so, by geometry r= 30° he 40, Answer (2) ite=Ats Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 741 > 7 38° and 58° can be / or e in the equation as 8 will be same for both values of incidence ray. 38° + 58° = A+ 50° A= 46 41, Answer (4) From triangle interior angles A= 180° — 60° - 30° = 90° iteaAts 45° + 60° = 90 +5 8s 18° 42, Answer (4) By geometry r= 45° (Atemate angi sinsor 5 ~ snase 72 B " 2 (Dispersion by a Prism) 43, Answer (3) 5, Dispersive power = Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-4762345672 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Solutions of Assignment (Level) 44, Answer (2) For dispersion without deviation Axis = 1) + Ag, = 1) = 0 6(0.5) + A,(0.75) = 0 A= 4 45. Answer (2) ale vr 48, Answer (3) (iy = DA, = (iy Ay 47. Answer (2) 8 = (ly ~Hhg)A = (1.659—1.641)5° 48, Answer (1) Greve 49. Answer (3) (iy “Hei _ (1.66 ~1.62)10 = 0.625 em a Tey 708250 50. Answer (1) (Optical Instruments) 51. Answer (3) 7 50 P=42D 52, Answer (1) For normal adjustment m = 27 = Bf +f, f= 30m 1,= 240m Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456Solutions of Assignment (Level) Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 73 SECTION - B 4. Answer (4) With larger aperture of objective lens, the light gathering power in telescope is high. Aiso, the resolving power or the ability to observe two objects distinctly also depends on the diameter of the objective, Thus objective of large diameter is preferred. Also, with large diameters fainter objects can be observed. Hence it also contributes to the better quality and visibility of images. Hence, all options are correct. 2. Answer (3) Parallel beam of light after refraction from convex lens converge at the focus of convex lens. In question itis. given light after refraction pass through concave lens becomes parallel. Therefore light refracted from convex lens virtually meet at focus of concave lens. According to above ray diagram d = f, 3. Answer (2) From the ray diagram shown in the figure. ‘At point P, from Snell's law Sind __Haie SIN prem sin30°_ 1 = ne “S (4r= Ze emergent angle) 1 = sine= 3-5 = 2e=60" 4. Answer (1) Using lens formula for frst refraction from convex lens 60 em, f= 30 cm 114 ara 800em <— sem 0m 1, hore is first image by lens ‘The plane mirror will produce an image at distance 20 cm to left of it. For second refraction from convex lens, w= 20m, v=, f= 30 cm Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-476234567A Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Solutions of Assignment (Level-) tatty 4a lt vu fv" 20 30 = 1-4 4 y--60em v 30 20 Thus the final image is virtual and at a distance, 60 ~ 40 = 20 cm from plane mirror. 5. Answer (2) Light ray emerges normally from another surface, hence, e(angle of emergence) = 0 = nea Applying Snell's law on first surface {sini = usinr, = sini = usinA For small angles (sin6 = 8) hhence i= WA 6. Answer (2) By mitror formula 1 v 1 1 v = 3F 7. Answer (3) 1 sinc = > u 1 sin4s° = — n wave Velocity of light in medium © vee iu 3xto® v2 Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456 misSolutions of Assignment (Level) Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 75) 8 Answer (1) 9, Answer (1) Principal axis If lens is cut in two half as shown in the figure, then power of one part will be same. i.e. P, as focal length remains same, 10. Answer (4) Focal length of lens is 1 S-Me toe 1 3 A os wa) 11. Answer (2) PP Gass (18) ass (18 \r ps Glass (1.5) Glass (1.5) alycerin’ (1.5) Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-4762345676 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Solutions of Assignment (Level-) 142 F 1 Equivalent focal length in air = 7-47 = 1 When glycerin is filled inside, glycerin lens behaves lke a diverging lens of focal length (-f) 12. Answer (3) Rainbow can't be observed when observer faces towards sun. 13, Answer (4) Ati=/j,, refracted ray grazes with the surface ‘So angle of refraction is 90°, 14. Answer (2) f= 15m Q 40cm 1404 Pa +44 —18 v2 20 +244 v2 20 15 Vp = -60 em So, image shifts away from mirror by = 60 ~ 24 = 36 cm. 15, Answer (1) When mirror is rotated by @ angle reflected ray will be rotated by 26. Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456Solutions of Assignment (Level) Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 77 20 x o> 7 L=r05 0-4 x 2x 46. Answer (2) (1-1 A+(u'-1A"=0 [u-dal=|wr- 94] (1.42—1)x10° = (1.7-)4" 42= 07K > A 17. Answer (4) 2 3) Hg VR lte gp RaE 18. Answer (3) d= (d, * d,) w= 1.5(5 + 3) = 12 em 19. Answer (2) Maximum distance of distinct vision = 400 cm. So image of object at infinity is to be formed at 400 cm. Use lens formula, 1 400 = P=-025D Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-476234567B Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Solutions of Assignment (Level-) 20, Answer (2) Ab and ¢; 8 +b and ¢; Cb and d; D > a and d 21, Answer (1) Objective 50 omy 200 om For normal adjustment = L = v + f, = 54 om 22. Answer (3) Ray pass symmetrically through prism Bpig = (i + €) — A= 30° (A+bpy) sin( Pe wee sind (23. Answer (1) ‘At normal adjustment M = 2 0 eajecive eyepiece fet L ! Ail) | Using lens equation 1 v 1 a (iy Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456Solutions of Assignment (Level) 24, Answer (1) Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 79) Refractive index of light rays that can just pass through the prism at grazing emergence at 2nd surface is. we ae ote Light having refractive index < 1.414 takes refraction but light having j. > 1.414 suffers total internal reflections. Only red colour light will come out of prism. 25. Answer (3) sin( 445, ) pan) AL cna 2 2 A (A ot afin cnt on z 8% => By =(180-2A) 26. Answer (4) Alt ayt rhe (A co( Asa) Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-4762345680 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Solutions of Assignment (Level-) 27. Answer (4) uP ot mioszope = Et MP ot taescope =f 28. Answer (2) 2A r=A sini sinr sin2A sina 28. Answer (2) 30. Answer (2) 31. Answer (1) f, +f =20 = u=2c0sA f, beg fo Solving (i) and (ii), f, 32. Answer (3) rtmsA For ray to pass normally r, aA Bom, f, = 2em ‘sind, sind = sini If both A and / are small AL 33. Answer (1) d= 2h +h 2h, 34, Answer (3) Power of lens is eugal to zero. tte 44) r bn Ne, Ra} > Hs 2 Ai) il) Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456Solutions of Assignment (Level) Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 36. 36. 37. 38. Answer (2) ite-A Bain =A 2A A Now, sin +8, sina sin sin A A = 20s 4 e 2 (ash UW = 20s 45° = 2 cos 0° As Rl. lies between 2 and V2 Answer (4) ©, is at C, image of O, will form at same position For image of O, 30 em 40 cm 15 cm Length of image Ip = [Ply ~ Phil = 115 ~ 20] = 5 em Answer (8) Real & apparent depth are explained on the basis of rftaction ony. TIR not involved here ‘Answer (4) 1 (414 7218-9) 3535) = f= 20 om a Tea __20 20-30 m 2 (Real and inversed) Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456 8182 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Solutions of Assignment (Level-) hy=—4em 39. Answer (1) For virtual object u = +10 cm, v = +15 om ‘The ray diagram is as shown. \Z = Zi\ “15a 40. Answer (4) Angle = 15° bya 45 hy = 1.75 15(h4, — 1) + Alt - 1) = 0 75 +0.75A=0 O75 A=-75 78 “O75 A= 10 41. Answer (4) c< 4s sin © < sin 45° 1 << sin 45° u ne v2 Only possible with y= 1.5 42, Answer (3) Focal length will not change as long as curvature of lens does not change led d= Diameter of aperture 1 Intensity of image = Aperture is covered by black paper 2 ret : i r=! costed by por Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456Solutions of Assignment (Level) 43, 44, 48. 46. 47. Answer (3) irc sini > sin © sin i> sing > sini> 3 y a “4 (3) sini > Zt i> sin (3) Answer (2) {At minimum deviation r According to geometry of prism A a= A r= 30° ‘Answer (1) 1a mh +h Pe fh Answer (2) 10 om 1.5 * 10" m Image diameter Magnification = 7; = “Sun's diameter o4 Image 18x10" 1.39% 10° 1 x1,39x10° = Image diameter 18x10 1.39. 10° = Image diameter or 9.2 10 = Image diameter Image diameter = 9.2 « 104 m ‘Answer (4) = 2 (Meo) f(a Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments84 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Solutions of Assignment (Level-) ce Bin _ 3xt0® 2x10 48, Answer (2) 6000x107" = 3 34 0s excl angle sino = 2 = le sind =F = 5 weg 3m vin air (C) Vin medium Any ‘5m Hy 3 4 vin medium = = * 3 x 10 © xc 408 5 10 1.8 * 108 49, Answer (1) Shift So the microscope must be moved by 1 cm upwards __ Real depth ‘Apparent depth 2 Apparent depth = Reel depth 2.3.0m = 2 cm Shift So the microscope must be moved 1 cm upwards. 50. Answer (4) Each lens of same power but different is sign. When added P= P, +P, P=P,-P, P=0 51. Answer (2) Height - 6 ft To see any object ina plane mirror complete, a mirror must be half the height of object. tom So minimum height of mirror Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456Solutions of Assignment (Level) 52. Answer (3) 53. Answer (3) ‘360 @ 45° 54. Answer (1) 55. Answer (2) t V (Speed in glass) Time = £ v e vee u Time = 4 ¢ 56, Answer (1) i r+ r= 90" i+ r= 90° = 90° 1 sine= WRT of denser wrt rarer) sin ¢ =u (RIL of rarer wert denser) sin 7 sinr sini sine = ‘Sin(90?-7) sin ¢ = tan 1 ( © = sin“ (lan 1) 57. Answer (4) 1.83 = (Speed of ight in water) Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456 8586 58. 59. 60, 61 62, 63, Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Solutions of Assignment (Level-) Answer (4) By definition of refractive index Velocity of light becomes ~ ty of lig u a 2 becomes u But frequency is constant. ‘Answer (2) i208 sin jg = Hy 3 sin ig= = C5 3 3 ton i= oe GF 4 tan i, r=3m ‘Answer (2) ‘When ray enters water R v ‘becomes 5° and velocity becomes [> Intensity also changes Only frequency n remains same so answer is (2). Answer (1) Optical fibres depend on total intemal reflection Answer (3) i,=90-r 1) sin(@o~r) =| (90-1) lig] “ sinase Also Hy = SE ay cosr = 20 sina5® tanr = sin4s® = ‘sine Answer (2) In case of multiple medium of different R.| Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456Solutions of Assignment (Level) Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 87 d=8+6 = 14cm 64, Answer (3) sino = "8 Ha uy sin c Mg = 7 Ye Ssino-2 Ye vg =e ‘8 Sind 65, Answer (4) rma sin tano= => = tno= at ar 7 6m 66. Answer (2) let wavelength of light in air is 2 Wavelength in medium ye He x y We Mey Hy x 67. Answer (3) RL. of part IV is highest. So velocity will be lowest. Hence, maximum time is taken in part IV. Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-4762345688 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments, Solutions of Assignment (Level-Il) 68, Answer (3) =~ sind < Yn? 4 yr n> Vein? 0+ Maximum value of 0 n>v2 69. Answer (1) R= 70. Answer (2) Since parallel beams of ight will regain their original direction. They will again become parallel after emergence. 71. Answer (1) By geometry r = 90° - 60° = 30° Sing0® 1 sini= i= 45° 72. Answer (1) 73. Answer (3) This is application of the displacement method for finding focal length Here mm, = 1 Let A, be area of object AA y Ayo Ay = VAIAy 74, Answer (4) by > By ‘A converging lens with higher refractive index will converge rays more hence value of f, Hy Acconverging lens with greater refractive index will bend rays more converging them closer, Let 2r a oo a Answer (2) Mea 4 Moz, ref a = 2M Answer (2) Magnification are same m,=-m, 30 18 30-0 15-0 = v= 200m Answer (1) <0 (Diverging) Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-4762345692 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Solutions of Assignment (Level-) 91. Answer (4) 92. Answer (4) By the construction of the telescope f, + f, 93, Answer (4) m=10 (i) f+ f= 440m io Solving (i) and (i) f, = 40 cm 94. Answer (4) Ray optics is valid on 2 more macro scale compared to wavelength of light. On micro scale wave optics and wave-particle duality is more prominent. 95. Answer (1) Blue colour of the sky is due to scattering of light also called the Rayleigh scattering 96. Answer (4) Rainbow's colours appear due to dispersion, which occurs after refraction. qaa Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone : 011-47623456