Hecate sae Electronics components symbols and functions (2021) Previously we looked at key terminologies used in electronics. In this article we will ntraduce ourselves to the concept of ‘electronics components. Through out the article, | wil try to share my knoenledge of electronics components symbols and functions [At the end of this article you should be able to know: + What do wo mean by a olectronics component + What are some key basic electronics components we use ail the time when dealing with electronics + What do we mean by the symbol or circuit symbol of electronics components + What are the most important circuit symbols for some key electronics components and concepts everyone should know before learning any concept related to electronics + What are the key functions of each electronics component we study For those whe are landing on this post fo the first time. Welcome. Ihave started a series of blog posts for those who are just starting with electronics. 0 fee! free to explore the site you wil find interesting information. Also, recommend reading the previous posts of this series (ink to start) hope you will enjoy exploring some key electronics components symbols and their funtions, Table of Contents [rico] Electronics Components Symbols And Functions First, what do we moan by electronics components. Second, what is active and passive components Active and passive components Electronics component symbols and functions 1 diode De Zener Diode Schottky diode scr 2 Transistors ‘NPN anal PNP [Link] dicets 3 Integrated circuits (Ics) 9 Operational ampitiors Regulators Electrical components symbols and functions J+ Resistor [Link]2- Capacitor [Link] capaci Ceramic capacitor «6. Variable copactor 3+ Inductor {. Variable inductor 4. Transformer 4. Step up transformer b. step down transformer 5- Relays 5- Switches ‘a. sPst spor Electronics Components Symbols And Functions Before we stat! thnk there are few things you as beginner should know first you are nota beginner and feel you know the basics well then you can scroll down to the section of your interest. First, what do we mean by electronics components. IFT have to answer this question inthe leost simple possible way. My answer would be. Electronics components are those devices that are made of serniconductor right conditions (ie. proper biasing) perform special function when provided with \when we recall our definition of electronics, we would rememeber that electronics is study of flow of electronics through semiconductor devices. By semiconductor devices we actually mean the alactronies components, Right! So all the components that are made of semiconductor materials Le. silicon (si) oF Germanimium (Ge) we would consider them ‘electronics components Now, In your Journey and career you would be working with alot of devices and components. But remember those all ‘components are not necessarly to be electronics components. Here is list of of some basic electronics components + Diodes (PN, Zenor) + scr + Transistors + MOSFETs + oFer ses Here is the lst of some basics electrical components + Resistor + Capacitor + Inductor + Transtormers + Relays + switehesSometime people combine these two different types of components and call ther as whole electronics components. don't ink combiming them is a good idea. But they justly it ike this electronies is branch of electrical engineering itis upto you how you want to remember them. My suggestion is keep them in different groups as tis right way to do so. Second, what is active and passive components Now the second thing I think a beginner should know before talking about electronics compoents bascis and electronics ‘components symbols and funtions. You know, when we dec! with any devices Le. your phone or laptop. We know for sure it would need electrical power to operate properly. Same Is true for electronics components ‘Those components which require external power to operate are called active components while those components which don't require any external power for their operations are called passive components This s simplist difference that I can give you at this time. But keep in mind this is not the only difference. As lam writing this article specitical for complete beginners that is why lam keeping mysolf to very basic and simple language and terms. Now with that said let try to talk about some other advance differences between active and passive components. These are ‘optional for anyone whe thinks it alittle too much for them, You can happily skip them, The reason 1am sharing them is who knows who is reading this article. And may be that some one need them and can benifit from them, + Active components can deliver powor tothe circuit while passive componets cantt doit (As one can clear note that how can passive components deliver power as they don'thave ony external power attached to them) + Active components can provide gain (they can amply @ week signalin a circuit) while there is no gain while working with possive components So I think you have now a clear idea of the definition of electronics components in general and have @ clear of concept what do ‘wo moan by active and passive components. I guess itis right time to talk about ‘a circuit with proper power biasing. I the basic electronics symbols and function they perform when placed at the right place in Electronics component symbols and functions First we will start with core electronics compoenets and then we move towards the electrical components symbols and functions as wall In our homes we use electrical switches all day long to turn on or off bulbs, fans, etc. The point is switches have the ability to ‘control the flow of electricity. ike when the ewiteh is off ne electricity can flow to a Bulb, or fan, oF any other home appliance or deivee. Simitary diodes have the abilty to control flows of electricity. You can say that diodb is ke switch. But tho only ltforonce is diode can only alow the flow of electricity in one direction, Lots have a look on circuit symbol of diode.‘On the right side you con see the actuall physical diodes, You will see all these black rods, the actuol diodes, on almost every lesign or on actual °C8, (onthe lft sido tis circuit symbol ofa diode. One terminalis anoade (postive terminal) and the second terminalis called the cathad (the negative side). Ife talk about the function of this guy, it would be like this. (1A we will tak in detail about diode in a seperate article, or may be if ‘you reading it very ote there is chance itis already written and you can find it on the website) {Adige is two terminal electronics devices which function as an electronics switch in circuits. The specialty ofa diode is it only alow the flow of electricity in one direction (when farword bias) and blocks itn the opposite direction (when reverse biased) ‘The terms forward and reverse bias are aut of the scope of this article. You can find about these terms in detail article about diode bosics, The article can be found on the website or you search it. Lot have a look on different types of diodes, see their circuit symbols and to know alittle about LEDs LED stonds for light emitting diodes. These are those diades that upon application of voltage they glow. ‘The main function of an LED is indication. We use It, and | guess you may seen it installed in your laptops, TV, mobile charger, for showing or indication a state of a device. For example in mobile charger there is « small light that turns on when we put charger in wall socket indicating that charger Is properly connected. that small light indication is actually an LED, .Zener Diodelevel all the time, Remeber that the only difference in the circuit symbols of ¢ diode and zener diode is that tited edges, . Schottky diode ‘when it comes to fast switiching the normal diode fails to deliver. That is why there a felt a need for fast switching diode and Schottky diode is invented, the main function ofthis diode is fast recovery time and foster switching ‘The sybmol difference is, the cathode side is more likely S shape. Iis out of the scope of this article to talkin detail about this more. ut you wil finde detail article on this specific schottky diode, Remember, schottky is four layer diode with very low forward voltage drop and its main function is fast switching ond recovery timings. scr SCR stands for silicon controlled rectifier. These are those diode which has four layers and using in almost every high power equipments. It you pay attention you will see that SCR has three terminal rather than two, The third terminal is called the controlling gateterminal ‘The function of SCR isto contol the flow of current in a circultIt is current controlled device. Which means that current at the _gate terminal controlls the cutrent low from anode to cathode, ‘The other very important component in the history of mankind isthe tansistor. Without this invention, Lamm net sure, but there: would be no such technolagical advance world But always keep in mind, “Technology without morality is rascality’ The reason I shared this is becasue, | don't know maybe ‘someone reading this aricle may one day invent such « revolutionaly device ike transistor. Who knows. So tis my job as teacher to give you ethical values os well. No matter how advance we become if we dor ‘consequnces lke Hiroshima and Nagasaki reve morality we will have Right! Let have a look on the circuit symbol of transistor. ‘On the left you can see the circuit symbol of a transistor while on the right side these are the examples of some realtime: transistor. They look different because of their types and packaging, It you breily ook at the definition and functions of a transistor, It would be Ike this. [transistor is a threo terminal active electronics components that can function both as switch and amplifier to amplify wook singel. ‘The scope of the present articel, electronics components symbols and function, Is really holding me from explaining in detollthe topic of transistor. And transistor itself a huge topic and disipline to explore. We will tak on this in a seperate article IA Lots have look on other electronics components symbols and functions. These are the sub typos of transistor family a. NPN and PNP NPN is @ A/T types transistor which has P-type material sangwitched between N-type materials. While PNP has P-type material in the midate.Both these types do the following functions: + You can use them as a switch + You can use to amply week signals. can be used « gain provider in a circuit [Link] Keep in mind every type of transistor serves the above two functions. The dlferece occured based on power handling and “switching speeds. MOSFETs stands for metal oxide slicon field effect transistors, And Its main funetion or you can say the difference i, thas very high speed switching capability ‘The other important function of MOSFETS is, they provide high resistance at the input side. Because of this MOSFETs are used a resistor in very large scale integrated circults .JFET LJFET stands for junction field effect transistor. It isthe sub type of MOSFET. Again the main function of this quy is fast switching ‘and high input impedance.{FETS has two types. One is called the Postve (P) channel and other is negative (N) channel .icets GBT stands for insulated gate bipolar transistor. This guy is main mainly used as switch 81 s somewhat similar to bipolar transistor expect they have insulate gate feature. This insulated gate make it of high eticiency integrated Creuse) «. Operational Ampilfiers b. Regulators Electrical components symbols and functions So upti now we were taking about electronics components symbols and functions. Now lets move towards electrical ‘components. ‘The first of the lists resistor. {guess most of you may have heard of this [Link] very common and use almostiin every electrical ond electronics circu. ‘The main funetion of reistor in a circu is that it imit the current flow. .Potentiometer IRis type of resistor which we use when there required variable resistance. rit called potentiometer because using it we can ‘change the potentional dlference between two points. 2-capoctor ‘The second electrical component is capacitor. this guy is capable of storing electical energy thus can be used as voltage ‘The main function of capacitor i to fier certain signals, to filter noise, and to store electrical energy. «a. Electrolytic capacitor ‘The frst type of capacitor is electrolytic capacitor. porality depended. Which means you have to be very careful when ‘connecting the terminal ofthis type of capacitor in a citcult b. Ceramic capacitor Itis the second type of capacitor whichis independed of polarity. No matter how you connect it. It will perform its functionVariable capacitor {As the name is toling the whole story tis that type of capacitor which capacitance is vaiable, ‘The mein function of variable capacitors tuning ‘The third electrical component is Inductor. wire wrapped aroun making a spring ike shape, ‘The main function of inductors fitering and storing energy. .. Variable inductor The type of inductor which inductances can be changed is called variable inductor. the main function of variable inductor is tuning, ‘hiss the device which we use to transform veltage level from one to another. a. Step up transformer ‘The type of transformer which is used to step up voltage levels. b. Step down transformer The type of transformer which is used to step down the voltage levels called step down transformer. S-Reoye Relay play a very important role. tis used to control high voltage, current, and power. When it comes to safety relays are the prepable choise forall circuit designers {As the name is teling the whole story tis device that we use to turn on ond of our devices. a. SPST SPST stands for single poll single throw, [Link] SPST stands for single poll double throw. Abbas Hi. lam very happy to see you. Ilove electronics since childhood earned a Bachelor's degree in Electronics Engineering, Masters degree in RF & Microwaves, In this blog, share my learnings about electronics, microwaves circults design, and together we have an awesome time. Hopefully, it will be helpful to you and you will enjoy it Electronics Terminologies: basic terme’ definitions (2021) What type of muttimeter should | buy (2021 Answer)Similar Posts BASIC ELECTRONICS Te LEARNING BOOKS Basic electronics for beginners [Short guide 2022] Looking for basics electronics books ~ Find the yawn best out there Leave a Reply ‘Your emai odaress wi ot be pba Required Nels or matted * ‘comment * Nome* Email Website This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed. Bo you wantto strat learning electronics tm scratch?yelec’ ‘YAMAN ELECTRONICS