Introduction to Java Programming

Lecture 3

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, ITER

Siksha ’O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

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Contents

1 Introduction

2 Features of Java Programming

3 The Java Environment

4 A Simple Java Program

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Introduction

Java is a general-purpose, object-oriented programming

language designed for the development of software for consumer
electronic devices.
Java is a platform neutral language.
Java programming language was developed by Sun Microsystems
in 1991.
The team for the development of Java discovered that the existing
languages had some major drawbacks in terms of reliability and
portability.
The main goal for the developers was to make the language
highly reliable, portable and simple.
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Features of Java Programming

Compiled and Interpreted

Independent and Portable

Object-Oriented

Robust and Secure

Distributed

Simple, Small, and Familiar

Multithreaded and Interactive

High Performance

Dynamic and Extensible

Ease of Development
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The Java Environment

Figure 1: Java Environment

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Java Development Kit (JDK)

Java Development Kit is the core component of Java Environment.

It provides all the tools, executables, and binaries required to

compile, debug, and execute a Java Program.

JDK is a platform-specific software.

JDK is the superset of Java Runtime Environment(JRE).

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Java Runtime Environment(JRE)

It provides a platform to execute java programs.

JRE consists of JVM, Java binaries, and other classes to execute

any program successfully.

JRE doesn’t contain any development tool.

Application Programming Interface (API) : This is a collection

of Java classes and methods required for implementing basic
features of Java.

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Java Virtual Machine(JVM)

JVM is the heart of Java programming language.

JVM is responsible for converting the byte code to the

machine-specific code.

JVM is called virtual because it provides an interface that does

not depend on the underlying operating system and machine
hardware.

This independence from hardware and the operating system

makes java program write-once-run-anywhere.

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A Simple Java Program

p u b l i c c l a s s Welcome
{
p u b l i c s t a t i c v o i d main ( S t r i n g [ ] args )
{
/ / D i s p l a y Welcome t o Java ! on console
System . o u t . p r i n t l n ( ” Welcome t o Java ! ” ) ;
}}

Line 1 defines a class.

Line 2 defines the main method.
Line 3 is a comment.
Line 4 print the message.
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Few Things to Note

Every Java program must have at least one class.

By convention, class names start with an uppercase letter.

The main method is the entry point where the program begins
execution.

A method is a construct that contains statements.

This statement displays the string Welcome to Java! on the

console.

A string must be enclosed in double quotation marks.

Every statement in Java ends with a semicolon (;), known as the

statement terminator.
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Comment and Block

Comments help programmers to communicate and understand

the program.

They are ignored by the compiler.

Two slashes (//) on a line, called a line comment.

(/* ... */) on one or several lines, called a block comment or

paragraph comment.

A pair of curly braces in a program forms a block that groups the

program’s components.

Each block begins with an opening brace ({) and ends with a
closing brace (}).
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Program to Display More Messages

p u b l i c c l a s s Welcomewith3msg
{
p u b l i c s t a t i c v o i d main ( S t r i n g [ ] args )
{
System . o u t . p r i n t l n ( ” Welcome t o ITER ! ” ) ;
System . o u t . p r i n t l n ( ” Welcome t o SOA ! ” ) ;
System . o u t . p r i n t l n ( ” Welcome t o Odisha ! ” ) ;
}
}

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References

Y Daniel Liang ‘Introduction to JAVA Programming, Comprehensive Version’,

Pearson, 2014.

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