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    26 views26 pages

    Kennedy Bit Questions

    Uploaded by

    Murthy
    Kennebys

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 26
    SELF-TESTING QUESTIONS Bach of the following multiple-choice questions consists of an incomplete statement followed by four possible completions, or of a qnestion followed by four possible answers. In cach case the desired response (be it the correct or incorrect one) must be selected; this may be done by circling the letter belonging to it, a, >, ¢, or d, as the case may be. There is only one “beat” answer Jor each question, The customary marking scale gives one mark for each correct answer and no marks for question which is not answered or which has more than one answer; it subtracts one-third of a mark for each incorrect answer (this is done to discourage gucssing). CHAPTER 1 1. Ina communications system, noise is most likely to affect the signal (a) at the transmitter. (6) in the chann {e) in the information souree. (d) at the destination, 2, Indicate the false statement, Fourier analysis shows that a sawtooth wave consists of (a) fundamental and subharmonie sine waves. (b) «fundamental sine wave and an infinite number of harmonics. (©) fundamental ant harmonic sine waves whose amplitnde decreases with the harmonie number. (4) sinusoidal voltages, some of which are small enough to ignore in practice. Indicate the false statement. Modulation is used to (a) reduce the bandwidth used. (0) separate differing (ransmissions. (e) ensure that intellige \y be transmitted over long distances. (d) allow the use of practicable antennas. 3. CHAPTER 2 4. One of the following types of noise becomes of great importance at high fre- quencies. It is the (a) shot noise (b) agitation noise. (©) Bicker noise (d) transit-timne noise. 5. Indicate the falwe statement (a) Pentordes are generally noisier than triodes in the same connection. (2) Partition noise voltage is independent of the bandwidth. (©) Thermal noise is independent of the frequency at. which it is measured. {d) Man-made noise is usually of the impulse type. 6 The value of a resistor creating thermal noise is doubled. ‘The noise power generated is therefore (a) halved. (®) quadrupled, (0) double: (@) unchanged. oe ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 7, Tndieate which one of the following types of no (a) Shot noise (6) Flicker noise. (©) Partition noise. {d) Resistance noise. 8. One of the following is not a useful quantity for comparing the noise performance of receivers: (a) Input noise voltage. (#) Equivalent noise resistance. (©) Noise temperature. (d) Noise figure. 8. Indicate the noise whose source is in x category different from that of the other three (a) Solar nois (4) Cosmic noise, {c) Atmospheric noise, (d) Galactic noise 10, Indicate the fatse statement. ‘The square of the thermal noise vollage generated by a resistor is proportional to (a) its resistance. (0) its temperature. (©) Boltzmann's constant. (a) the bandwidth over whieh it is measured. does not occur in transistors: CHAPTER 3 2. The pole-rero separation of a crystal is (a) independent of the erystal’s output capacitance, (6) inereased by the ndelition of series ind (c) increased by the addition of parallel eapavitanee. (a) of no interest for crystal filters, 12, The shape factor of a filter response (a) is the same as the peak-to-valley (2) cannot be applied to erystal filters (c) is equal to the GikdB bandwidth of a meet (@) determines the adjacent-channel select 33, Ceramic filters (a) are used for single-sidchand generation (8) use magnetostrictive materials in their construction, lattice configuration just like erystal filters. ‘onstruction to mechanical filters, ‘The following erystal filter is uscd! ouly at the higher frequencies: (a) Half-lattice. (8) Fall lattice. (c) Ladder. (d) Crystal gate. 45. The frequency ab which the reactanees of the tor is the (a) pole, (0) wer. Ly of Uhe filter, = os in a erystal gate are equal SELF-TESTING QUESTIONS a9 (©) 2070 attenuation frequency. (2) maximum attenuation frequency. 16. Mechanical filters use transducers to (a) convert energy from, or into, mechanical energ; (0) reduce spurious responses. (©) improve the shape factor. (a) reduce the peak-to-valley ratio. 17. A frequency divider is not free-running and requires synchroni waves. Ibis the (a) astable multivibrator divider. (b) regenerative divider. (o) bistable multivibrator divider, (@) locked oscillator divide 48, The frequency Ke! ion by sine uted by cach decade in a direct frequency synthesizer is meh higher than the frequeney shown; this is done to (a) reduce the spurious frequency problem. (2) increaso the frequeney stability of the synthesizer (©) reduce Une number of decades. (@) reduce the number of erystals required. 18. The controlled oswillutor synthesizer is sometimes preferred lo the d because (@) it is a simpler piece of e« (0) its frequency stability (0) it dovs not require (d) it is relatively f one pment, better. ators. ¢ of spurious frequencies. ystal 01 CHAPTER @ 20. If the plate supply voltage for a plate-modulated class C ampli maximum plate-cathode voltage could be almost as high as (a) 4B. () BE. (o) 2B. dE. A, Ina low-level AM system, amplifiers following the modulated stage matst he (a) linear deviees. () hi (e) class C amplifiers, () nonlinear deview 22, If the eurrier of a 100 pere power saving will he fa) 50. (2) 150. fo) 100. (a) 66.06. ris E, the it modulated AM wave is suppressed, the percentage e-modulated class C amplifier to tuned circuit damping. (2) prevent excessive grid current. {@) prevent overmodulation. (2) inerease the bandwidth. 70 ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS ‘The output stage of a television transmitter is most likely to be a (a) plate-modulated class C amplifier. (0) grid-modulated class C amplifier. (0) screen-modulated class C amplifier. (@) grid-modulated class A amplifier. 25, The modulation index of an AM wave is changed from 0 to 1. ‘The transmitted power is (a) unchanged. (B) halved. (©) doubled. (a) increased by 50 percent. 26. One of the advantages of base modulation over collector modulation of a transistor class C amplifier is (a) the lower modulating power required. (0) higher power output per transistor. (c) better efficiency. (4) better linearity. 2, A carrier is simultancously modulated by two sine waves with modulation indices of 0.8 and 0.4; the total modulation index (@) ist (2) cannot be calculated unless the phase relations are known. (0) is 0.5. (@) is 0.7. CHAPTER 5 28. In the stabilized reactance modulator AVC system, (a) the discriminator must have a fast time constant to prevent demodulation, (b) the higher the diseriminator frequency, the better the oscillator frequency stability iminator frequency must not be too low, or the system will fail. ulation is converted into FM by the equaliser cireuit. In the spectrum of a frequency-modulated wave (a) the carrier frequency disappears when the modulation index is large. (b) the amplitude of any sideband depends on the modulation index. (o) the total number of sidebands depends on the modulation index. (a) the carticr frequency eannot disappear. 30. The difference between phase ane frequency modutation (a) is purely theoretical because they are the same in prac (2) is too great to make the two systems compatibl (0) lics in the poorer audio response of phase modulation, (d) lies in the different definitions of the modulation index. 31. Indicate the false statement regarding the Armstrong modulation system. (a) The system is basically phase, not frequency, modulation. (0) AFC is not needed, as a crystal oscillator is used (©) Frequency rultiplieatfon ust be used, (a) Equalization is unnecessary. 32, An FM signal with a modulation indox vm, is passed through a frequeney tripler. ‘Tho wave in the output of the tripler will have a modulation index of (a) m,/3. @) m, SELF-TESTING QUESTIONS 70 Ge) Bmy. (a) 9m. 33. An FM signal with a deviation 3 is passed through a mixer, and has its frequency reduced fivefold. ‘The deviation in the output of the mixer is (a) 58. (#) indeterminate. © 4/5, (d) 6. 34, A preemphasis circuit provides extra noise immunity by (a) boosting the hass frequencies, (2) amplifying the higher nudio frequencies. (©) preamplifying the whole audio hand, (d) converting the phase modulation to FM. 36, Since noise phase-modulates the FM wave, as the noise sideband frequency approaches the carrier frequency, the noise amplitude (a) remains constant. (8) is decreased, (©) is increased. (@) is equalized 36. When the modulating frequency is doubled, the modulation index is halved, and the modulating voltage remains constant, ‘The modulation systems is (a) amplitude modulation. (8) phase modulation, (©) frequency modulation, (d) any one of the three 37. Indicate wh h one of the following is not an advantage of FM over AM: (a) Better n ity is provided, (b) Lower bandwidth is required, (©) ‘The transmitted power is more useful (d) Less modulating power is required, ‘One of the following is an indirect way of generating FM. This is the (a) reactance tube modulator. (8) varactor diode modulator. (e) Armstrong modulator, (d) reactance transistor modulator, CHAPTER 6 38. Indieate the false statement regan sideband, full-carrier AM. {a) More channel space is available. (t) Transmitter eireuits must be more stable, giving better reeeption, (c) The signal is more noise-rosistant. (@) Much less power is required for the same signal strength. 40. When the modulation index of an AM wave is doubled, the antenna current is also doubled. ‘The AM system being used is (a) exclusively SSB. (0) double-sidchand suppressed-carrier exclusively. () double-sided spressed-earrier or SSB. (4) double-sideband AM with full earvier. ding the advantages of SSB over double- me ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS. 41, Indicate which one of the following advantages of the phase ewncellation method of obtaining SSB over the filter method is fate: (a) Switching from one sideband to the other is simpler. (6) It is possible to generate SSB at any frequer (©) SSB with lower audio frequencies present ean be generated, (d) There are more balanced modulators, therefore the carrier ixsuppressed better. 42, The most commonly used filters in SSB generation are (2) mechanical (t) RC. © Ee. (d) low-pass. 43, Tn an SSB transmitter, one is most likely to find a (a) class C audio amplifier. (0) tuned modulator. (©) class B RF amplifier. (a) class A RF output amplifier 44. Indicate which one of the following is nol an advantage of the third method of generating SSB: (a) Carrier reinsertion is very simple. (0) Generation is possible at any frequency. (e) The whole system can be used as a demodulater. (d) No critical AF phase shifter is needed. 45. One of the following cannot be used to remove the unwanted sideband in SSB. This is the {a) filter sy (®) phase-shifl method. (c) third method, (@) balanced modulator. 4, Pilot-carrier SSB is sometimes used to (a) allow the receiver to have a frequency synthesizer. () simplify the frequeney stability problem in reception, (e) reduce the power which must be transmitted. (d) reduce the bandwidth required for transmission. 47, To provide two or more voice circuits with the same carrier, it is possible to use (a) ISB. (0) carrier reinsertion. (©) SSB with pilot carrier. (d) SSB with carrier suppressed. CHAPTER 7 48, Indicate which of the following statements about the advantages of the phase discriminator over the slope detector is false: (a) Much easier ali (8) Better linearity. (©) Greater limiting. (a) Fower tuned circuits, 4, Show which of the following statements about the amplitude limiter is wntrue: (a) The circuit is always biased in class C, by virtue of the leak-type bias. (2) When the input increases past the threshold of limiting, the gain decreases to keep the output constant. SELF-TESTING QUESTIONS 73 (c) The output must be tuned. (@) Leak-type bins must be used. 50. In a radio receiver with simple AGC (a) aan increase in signal strength produces more AGC. (0) the audio stage gain is normally controlled by th (©) the faster the AGC time constant, the more accu (a) the highest AGC voltage is produced between sta 51, In a broadeast superheterodyne receiver, the (a) local oscillator operates below the signal frequency (0) mixer input must be tuned to the signal frequency. (©) local oscillator frequency is normally double the IF. (@ RF amplifier normally works at 455 KHz ubove the ¢ 52, To prevent overloading of the last IF amplifier in a reeciver, one should use (a) squelch. (2) variable sensitivity. (e) varinble selectivity. {d) double conversion. uC. te the output, rier frequeney. 53, A superheterodyne receiver with an IF of 450 KHz is Guned ( a signal at 1,200 KHz. ‘The image frequency is (a) 750 Kia, (8) 900 KHz, (©) 1,650 Kitz, (d) 2,100 KHz, 54. In a ratio detector (a) the linearity is worse than in a phase discrimi (6) stabilization against signal strength variations is provided {e) the output is twice that obtainable from a similar pase discriminator, (d) the cireuit isthesumeas in a discriminator, except that the diodes are reversed. ‘The typical scqueleh circuit, (a) cuts off an audio amplifier when the earrier is absent (b) eliminates the RF interference when the signal is w (© cuts off an TF amplifier when the AGC is maximum, (d) cuts off un IF amplifier when the AGC is minimum, Indicate the fatse statement in connection with commun reveivers {c) The noise limiter cuts off the receiver's output during « noise pulse (0) A product demodulator could be used for the reeeption of Morse Code, (c) Double conversion is used to improve image rejection. (a) Varinble sensitivity is used to eliminate selective fading. 57. Indicate whieh of the following circuits could not demodulate SSB. (a) balanced modulator. (6) product detect () BFO. (@) phase discriminator. $8, If an FET is used us the first AF amplifier in a transistor re the effect of (a) improving the effectiveness of the AGC. ng the effect of negative-peak clipping. ing the effect of noise at low modulation depts, (4) improving the sslectivity of the receiver. iver, this will have 704 ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 58, Indicate the faise statement. ‘The superheterodyne receiver replaced the TRF receiver because the latter suffered from (a) gain variation aver the frequency coverage range. (b) insufficient gain and sensitivity. (e) inadequate selectivity at high frequencies. (d) instability. 0, ‘The image frequency of 1 superheteradyne receiver (a) is created within the receiver itself. (2) is due to insufficient adjacent channel rejection (6) is not rejected by the IF tuned circuits. (d) is independent of the frequency to which the receiver is tuned. 61, From the point of view of AGC, the main difference between tube and transistor receivers is that the latter (a) require AGC power rather than voltage. (2) do not really need AGC because overloading causes limiting (o) have troubles because AGC is not very effective in them. (a) roust have IF stages even more stabilized than they are normally, 4&2, One of the main functions of the IRF amplifier in a superheterody no re (a) provide improved tracking. (2) permit better adjacent-channel rejection, (©) increase the tuning range of the receiver. (d) improve the rejection of the image frequene 63, One of the following mixers snust be separately excited. It is the (a) crystal diode, (0) triode-hexode. (©) transistor. (a) pentagrid tube, 64, ‘Three-point tracking is achieved with (a) variable selcetivity. (0) the padder eapacitor. (©) double spotting, (d) double conversion, 65, The local oscillator of a brondeast receiver is tuned to a frequency higher than the incoming frequency (a) to help the image frequeney rejection (0) to permit easier tracki (o) because otherwise an intermediate frequency could not be produced. (d) to allow adequate frequency covernge without switching. 66, If the intermediate frequeney’ is very high (indicate false staten (a) image frequency rejection is very good. (8) the local oscillator need not be extremely stable, (0) the selectivity will be poor. (a) tracking will be improved. 67. A low ratio of the ac to the de loud impedance of « diode detector results in (a) diagonal clipping. (2) poor AGC operation. (c) negative-peak clipping. (d) poor AF response, 68, One of the following cannot be used! to demodulate SSB: (a) Product detector: SELF-TESTING QUESTIONS 705 (2) Diode balanced modulator. (©) Triode balanced modulator. (4) Complete phase-shift generator, CHAPTER & €. Indicate which of the following sy: (a) Pulse-position modulation, {b) Pulso-code modulation, (e) Pulse-width modulation, (d) Palse-frequency modulation, 79. Quantizing noise occurs in (a) time-division multiples. (b) (requency-division multiples. (©) pulse-code modulation (a) pulse-width modulation, Ti. ‘The modulation system inherently most noise-resistant is (a) SSB, supprossed-carri {h) frequency modulation. {o) pulse-position modulation, (d) pulse-rode modulation. 72. In order to reduce quantizing noise, one must (a) increase the number of standard amplitudes (5) send pulses whose sides are more nearly vertical. {e) use an RF amplifier in the receiver (4) increase the number of samples per second, 73. In order to separate channels in a time-division multiplex receiver, it is nevessary to use (a) differentiation, (0) AND gates, (0) intogration. (1) bandpass filters In order to separate channels in w frequency-division multiplex receiver, it is nocessary (0 use (a AND gates. (2) differentiation. (c) bandpass filters. (4) integration 25, Indiate which one of the following is not a binary eode: (a) Morse. () Buudot (@) CCITT-2. @) ARQ. 76. To permit the correct selection of | out of 16 equiprobable & bits required is (a) 2. (O) 4 (8 (4) loge 16. 77. A signaling system in which © separate symbol is not used because wis, Une number of otter of the alphabet is represented by a 706 ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (a) it would be too difficult for an operator to memorize. () it is redundant. (@) noise would introduce too nian (2) too many pulses per letter are errors ured. 78. The Hartley law states th (a) the maximum rate of information transmission depends on the channel bandwidel () the maximum rate of information trans modulation, (©) redundancy is ess (a) only binary codes may be us 79, Indicate the fatse statement. In ortler to com (a) the channel bandwidth may be increased, (6) redundaney may he used. (0) the transmitted power may be i (A) the signaling rate may he reduced. 2, The most common modulation system used for radiotelegraphy: is (a) frequeney-shift keying. (0) two-tone modulation, {0) pulse-code modulation. (d) single-tone modulation. Pulso-width modulation may he generated (a) by differentiating pulse-position modulation. (0) with a monostable multivibrator, (c) by integrating the signal. (@) with a free-running multivibrator, ison depends on the depth of CHAPTER 9 82, Indicate the faise statement, ‘The SWR on a transmission line is infinity; the Jine is terminated in (a) a short circuit. () a complex impetlance. {©) an open circuit (dd) a pure reactance. 83. A. (75 — j50)-£ load is connected to a coaxin) transmission line of Ze = 75.2, at 10 Gla,” The best method of matching consists in connecting (a) a short-circuited stub at the lond. {6) an inductance at the load. (c) capacitance at some 5} ee from the loud. (d) a short-circuited stub at some specific distance from the load. ‘The velority factor of a transmission tine (a) depends on the dielectric constant of the material used (b) increases the velocity slong the transmission fine. {e) is governed hy the skin effect () is higher for a solid dicleetrie ian for air. Innpedance inversion m: wed with, (a) a short-circuited stu (0) an open-circuited stub, (©) a quarter-wave line, (d) a half-wave line 85. SELF-TESTING QUESTIONS mr 86. Short-cireuited stubs are preferred to open-cire (a) more difficult to make and connect (8) made of « transmission line with (0) liable to radiate. (2) incapable of giving a full range of reactances. “l stubs because the latter are different characteristic impedance. 47, For transmission-tine load matching over a range of fr (a) bal (6) broadband directional coupler. {e) double stub. (@) single sub of adjustable position wencies, it is best to use a 48, Tho main disadvantage of the two-hole dirvet (a) low directional coupling, (8) poor directivits (©) high SWR. (d) narrow bandwidth, 88, To couple a con: (a) slotted line. (®) balun (c) directional coupler. (id) quarter-wave transformer. jal line to a parallel-wire line, it is best to use a CHAPTER 10 90. Indicate which one of the following (erms applics to tropascutter propagation: {a} Dellinger effect. (0) Fading. (©) Atmospheric storms. (d) Faraday rotation. 31. VLF waves are used for some types of services beeanse (a) of the low powers required, (4) the transmitting antennas are of convenient size. (©) they are very reliable. (d) they penetrate the ionosphere easily. 32, Indicate which of the following frequencies cannot be used for r horizon terrestrial communications, without cables ar repeaters: (a) 20 Kile (i) 15 Miz, (©) 900 Mix, (d) 12 Gita. 93. High-frequeney waves are (a) absorbed by the f layer. (8) reflected by the D layer. (©) capable of use for tong-

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