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What is Meta-Analysis?
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Author: Robert Hodgson

Meta-analysis is a set of statistical techniques for combining data from independent

studies to produce a single estimate of effect.

Meta-analysis is often used within healthcare, but is also applied in other disciplines
including psychology and the social sciences.

Within healthcare, meta-analysis is often used to assess the clinical effectiveness of

interventions; it does this by combining data from two or more studies (usually
randomised controlled trials).

Meta-analysis of trials provides more precise estimates of treatment effect, by making

use of all available data.

Meta-analysis is often part of the systematic review process, many systematic reviews
include one or more meta-analyses.

The validity of any meta-analysis depends on the studies on which it is based.

Well-conducted meta-analyses aim for complete coverage of all relevant studies, look
for the presence of heterogeneity among studies, and explore the robustness of the
main findings using sensitivity analysis.

Category: Evidence-based medicine

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