Contents Starter Prepositions of place/movement/ time ~ Quantifiers ~ Question words - Pronouns/Possessives - The verbs ‘to be’, ‘have got’, ‘can’... p. 4 Unit 1 Present simple vs Present continuous - Adverbs of frequency ~ Stative verbs p16 Unit 2 Relatives p22 Unit 3. Adjectives ~ Adverbs ~ Comparisons p26 Exploring Grammar i (Starter - Unit 3) p. 34 Revision (Starter ~ Unit 3) p35 Phrasal verbs i - Prepositions i p36 Unit 4 Past simple vs Past continuous ~ used ta/would p38 Unit 5 Subjecvobject questions p45 Exploring Grammar ii (Units 4-5) p46 Revision (Units 1-5) p.a7 Phrasal verbs ii - Prepositi ~ p48 Unit 6 Present perfect - Present perfect vs Past simple - Present perfect continuous ~ Present perfect simple vs Present perfect continuous ...... p. 50 Clauses of result p.59 Exploring Grammar ili (Units 6-7) ....... p. 60 Revision (Units 1-7) p.6l Phrasal verbs iii - Prepositions p. 62 Unit 8 Past perfect ~ Past perfect continuous ~ Past perfect vs Past perfect continuous p. 64 Unit 9. The infinitive - The -ing form = Verbs with both -ing and infinitive = t00 - enough p.70 Exploring Grammar iv (Units 8-9) p78 Revision (Units 1-9) p.79 Phrasal verbs iv - Prepositions iv p.80 Unit 10 Future tenses ....... Unit 11. Conditionals Unit 12 Wishes Exploring Grammar v (Units 10-12) Revision (Units 1-12) Phrasal verbs v ~ Prepositions v Unit 13 The passive Unit 14 Reflexive - Emphatic pronouns Unit 15 The causative Exploring Grammar vi (Units 13-15) Revision (Units 1-15) .. Phrasal verbs vi - Prepositions vi Unit 16 Unit 17 ‘Modal verbs NounsiPlurals ~ Countable/ Uncountable/PluraGroup Nouns Unit 18 Unit 19 some/any/nofevery & compounds on - the - one/ones Exploring Grammar vii (Units 16-19) ... Revision (Units 1-19) Phrasal verbs vii - Prepositis Unit 20 Unit 21 Reported speech ‘Clauses of purpose ~ Clauses of reason ~ Clauses of concession Unit 22 Exploring Grammar vi Revision (Units 1-22) Phrasal verbs vi Question tags (Units 20-22) ~ Prepositions viii Further practice material Revision of tenses Multiple choice questions Sentence transformations Irregular verbs p.82 p. 86 p94 p.95 p. 96 p.102 p.104 p.106 p.107 p.108 p.110 p.1ig p22 p.125 p.130 pant p.132 p.134 p.142 p.146 p14, p.14g p.150 p.1sa p.156 p.158-infinside Prepositions of place/movement/time above under °c ee near next to/beside . = @ @ oo re, ) opposite infront of behind between among (@round ontop of against At We use at: ‘+ when we refer to a particular point or position. Mona is at the front door + to say where an event takes place. There aren't many people at the theatre. + in the expressions: at school/university college, at work, at home, at the top of, at the bottom of, at sea (= working on a ship), at the station/airport, at the seaside, etc. ‘+ with addresses when we mention the house number. They live at 71 Falcon Road. BUT in Highfield Street ‘+ to talk about a person's house or business. at Erily’s (house), at the butcher's in We use in: * in the expressions: in the middle, in the sky, in the shade, in bed, in hospital, in prison, in a newspaper/magazine/book, in a picture/photo, in a street, in the world, in this lesson, in the country, in one’s hand, etc. + with the names of towns, cities, countries and continents. in Henley, in Paris, in Spain, in Asia Note: We use in when we refer to a building itself. However, we use at when we refer to the normal function of the building, There were lots of people in the cinema. (inside the building) There were lots of ‘people at the cinema, (They were watching the film) On We use on in the expressions: on the left/right, on a(n)/the platform/page/screen/island/beach/coast, ona map, on a farm, on a/the menu, on the first/second floor, etc, on the phone. The sports shop is on the first floor. ‘on a chair BUT in an armchair on/at the corner of a street BUT in the comer of a room, go/run round the corner through along CJ +e] across up down past from ...to towards Ee ‘+ When we talk about a means of transport, we use the preposition by. by car/bus/train/taxi/plane/boat BUT on foot * We do not use the preposition by when there is an article (a/an/the), a possessive adjective (my, your, etc.) or a possessive case before the means of transport. (on the train (NOT: by-the-teaia), in your car (NOT: by-yowr-ca4), on the two o'clock bus, on the plane, in Trev’s car7 Ha repositions of time as Prepositions of place/movement/time \ On the time: at three o'lock holidays: at Christmas, at Easter in the expressions: at the moment, at present, at dawn, at ‘noon, at lunchtime, at night, at ‘midnight, at the weekend months: in July/August, etc seasons: in (the) spring/summer! autumn/winter, years: in 2012/2013, etc in the expressions: in the morning/ afternoon/evening, in an hour, in a ‘minute, in a week/few days/month/year| days: on Friday, on New Year's Day dates: on 23rd August specific part of a certain day: on Saturday afternoon adjective + day: on a windy day ‘+ We use the prepositions from ... to/till/until to show duration. 1’m busy from 6 to/till/until 11 this morning, ‘+ We use the preposition in when we want to say how long it takes to do something. ‘Mur usually prepares breakfast in ten minutes. Susan gets to work in twenty minutes ‘+ Prepositions of time are not used: a) with the words today, tomorrow, tonight and yesterday. Let's go out tonight. b) with the words this, last, next, every, all, some, each, one and any. Art classes start this Friday. (NOT: on-this-Friday).. Oo Look at the picture and fill in the gaps with the correct, preposition from the list. ‘in front of * behind * next to * on top of © on (x2) * between a Fill in the gaps with at, in or on and one of the places from the list. hospital * the platform « college * an island * bed _—— Matthew has got a nice bedroom, There I a ug 3) on the floor and a big window 2) the bed. Matthew's desk is 3) his wardrobe and there Is a chair Aare the desk, Matthew's bedside table i55) anes the bed and the wardrobe. There is 2 blue pillow 6) the bed and 2 football 1) snnnerinsnnee the wardrobe * the airport 1 Steven is in bed with a cold. 2 We're waiting for the train to London. 3 Aunt Mabel is because she's sick 4 We have to be by 10 o'clock because our fight leaves at 8:00, 5 Becky is studying French this year. 6 They've got a holiday home .. and they go there every summer. B Choose the correct preposition. 1. Dad drives past/beside the baker's on his way to work. 2. There is a poster of Ronaldo up/above my desk 3. Walk among/along the street until you get to the post office. 4. Helen's house is opposite/between the cinema. 5. Your shoes are below/under your bed. 6 Don't lean against/by the wall - the paint is stil wetl 7 My mobile phone doesn't work when the train goes through/across a tunnel. 8 We live next/near the airport 9 Your breakfast is on/at the table. 10 Pour your soup into/onto a bigger bow 11 The dog jumps offfout of his basket and runs to meet me when | get home. 12 The boy next door is always throwing his ball ever/up our fence\ Preposi a Fill in at, in, on where necessary. 1. | usually get up late on Sunday morning, 2 We're moving house ...... the spring, 3. Ryan often reads a book ...... the train. 4 2... the moment, Emily is studying Art 5. Frank goes to the gym ...... every Wednesday. 6 We're going shopping ...... today. 7 Look at that kite high up ...... the sky! 8 The children get lots of presents. Christmas. 9 Sally and Dave are getting married 28th May. 10. Laura lives ...... 21 Willow Road. 14 My cousins are coming to stay with us afew days, 12 On New Year's Eve, we set off fireworks midnight, 13. The Jones family spend every summer the seaside. 14... September, Ben is starting secondary schoo! 18 I've got a doctor’s appointment ...... Tuesday. a Choose the correct preposition. 7a Ce aa :{alexS8@mail.com HiLaural How are you? 'm having a great time here 1) in/at Venice! {im staying 2) at/in my cousin Guido's house. its right 3) beside/inside the Grand Canal and the view is amazing! Today, we're going 4) against/across the canal for a walk 5) throughVinside the Rialto Market. Then, 6) at/on lunchtime, we're going to a restaurant called Do Farai Guido says they always have fresh seafood 7) onvat the menu there. After that, we're going back home for some rest because, 8) in/on the evening, Guido is taking me for a boat ride 9) along/among the Grand Canal. | cant wait 10 see Venice 10) avin night - I hear its beautiful See you when | get back, Alex ions of place/movement/time Ga Choose the correct item. 1 Let's go for a walk ..... the afternoon. A at Bin © on 2 In this photo, Ben is standing .... the mountain A above B ontopof © round 3 I play tennis... Tuesdays A in Bat Cc on 4. There are alot of cars, so walk... the road carefully. A across B around C among 5 The cat usually jumps .... the garden chair and takes nap. A into B onto inside 6 Icycle..... the post office every morning, A along B through C past 7 The gymis...... the new sports centre A opposite B between © against 8 Your dinner is..... the table, Aat Bon Cin 9 The football pitch is ..... the bus station. A next Bat © near 10. Wake me up ..... six o'clock A at Bin © on Speaking Describe the picture to your partner using prepositions and the verbs below. sjump «sit * sleep climb run «lean ‘A: There’s a puppy jumping over some flowers. B: There's a boy leaning against a tree. etcHow many apples has Irene has got a few Joan has got (very) How much milk has Abby has got (very) ‘Megan got? She has apples. She can _few apples. She can't Belinda got? She has _little milk and she ‘got a jot of/lots of | make an apple pie. make an apple pie. got alittle milk and hasn't got any flour. apples. She can make ‘some flour. She can She can't make an apple pie. make a cake. some/any/no ~ a lot (of) - (how) much/many - (a) few/(a) little Countable Uncountable Affirmative some/a lot (of/lots (of)/ | some/a lot (of/lots (of)/ (a) few/(too) many | (a) little/(too) much Negative _[no/not any/not many __no/not any/not much Interrogative | any/(how) many any/(how) much * Some, any and no are used with uncountable nouns and plural countable nouns. Some is normally used in affirmative sentences. Any is used in interrogative and negative sentences. There are some biscuits in the jar. Is there any juice? No, there isn’t any in the fridge. We can use no instead of not any in the negative. There aren’t any biscuits. There are no biscuits. Some can also be used in questions when we expect a positive answer, for example when we make a request or an offer. Would you like some tea? Can you make some coffee, please? We normally use a lot of/lots of in affirmative sentences with plural countable nouns and uncountable nouns. We omit of when a lot/lots is not followed by 2 noun. A lot of can be used in interrogative and negative sentences in informal English, We've got a lot of/lots of sweets. There is a fot of juice in the jug. BUT Have you got many books? Yes, 've got a lot/lots. We normally use much and many in interrogative and negative sentences. Much goes before uncountable nouns and many goes before plural countable nouns. Is there much mik in the carton? There isn't much milk left, Have you got many DVDs? | haven't got many DVDs. How much butter do you wont? Not much, How many children are there at football practice? Not many. Too many can be used with plural countable nouns and has a negative meaning. It shows that there is ‘more of something than is wanted or needed. There are too many cars on the road, Too much can be used with uncountable nouns and has a negative meaning. It shows that there is ‘more of something than is wanted or needed. There's too much traffic on the motorway. We use a few/few with plural countable nouns (apples, pears, etc). I"ve got a few cherries. 11 make a cherry pie. (= not many but enough ~ positive meaning) (Very) few people go to the new restaurant as it is very expensive, (= hardly any/almost no ~ negative meaning) We use a little/little with uncountable nouns (milk, honey, water, etc). I've got alittle flour. I! make a cake. (= not much but enough — positive meaning) I’ve got litle time today. We can't o to the shops. (= hardly any/almost no - negative meaning) We can use few and little after very. Very is used for emphasis, There are very few tea bags in the box, We've got very litle jam. Fal @) Look at the pictures (A-E) and the examples. Underline all the quantifiers. b) How are they used in the sentences?@ Qe 1 Quantifiers the gaps with some or any. A: Have we got any strawberries? B: No, but there are apples. 2 A: Would you like .. coffee? B: No, thanks. Have you got tea? 3. A: There aren't .. carrots in the fridge. 8: I's OK. I can buy on my way home from school. 4A; We haven't got potatoes, B: Never mind. | can make: pasta 5 A: Isthere cola in the house? B: No, but we've got .. orange juice. a Choose the correct item. 1 A: How _much/How many cereal do you want? B: Not a lot of/much. 2 A; There aren't many/much tomatoes left. B: Do you want me to buy some more? 3A: Are there much/many bananas in the fruit bowl? B: No, but there are a lot of/much poars. ‘A: How much/How many eggs do you need for the cake? : Not many/much. Just two or three. A: Is there many/much ice cream in the freezer? B: Yes, there's lots/lot. oO Fill in the gaps with too much or too many. 1 2 Don't put too much sugar in my hot chocolate. You're making burgers for four people! There’s . + Sait on these tomatoes. Don't eat sweets before dinner. You always put ... sauce on the spaghetti! Your wardrobe doesn’t close. It’s got 7 son Clothes in it can't drink this tea. There's. milk in it, There is . food on my plate. can’t eat it al. Fill in the gaps with a few ora litle, 1 2 BPoPr || spaghetti for dinner? A Can | invite @ few of my friends over for dinner? B: Of course, A; Do you like the apple pie? B: Yes, but can | have cream with it? What are you eating? Just some yoghurt with jam and nuts. Do you want sugar or honey in your tea? dust .. honey, please. What are you putting in the fruit salad? Melon, cherries and grapes, o> Fill in many, few, much or litte. "Hi Paull There isn't 1), much | food at home. Can you buy eel Recoived 18:34 Hi Amy! I'm outside Pizza Fest right: now. Do you want me to go in and get 8 3) ...-.ecee slices of pizza instead? Received 18:35 ‘Sure! But | don’t want Dee mushrooms on mine, ono) ee cheese. Received 18:35 ‘them to make the pizza, s0 see you at home ina ee minutes! Received 18:36Fill in the gaps with much, many, how much, how many, few or ite. : Let's make a shopping list for the picnic. OK. 1) How many people are we making sandwiches for? A: Eight. So we need about two loaves of bread: 2) butter have we got in the fridge? B: Not 3) Put that on the list. A: There aren't 4) eggs either. 5) do we need? B: Just a 6) We can make some egg sandwiches with a 7 ‘mayonnaise and some with cheese. Is there 8) cheese? A: Yes, lots. There isn't 9) lettuce, though, and there aren't 10) tomatoes. B: We can buy some now. 11) money have you got? A: About £10. B: Great! Let's go. a Choose the correct item. 1. There isn't... ri¢e in the cupboard. A many @® much c few 2 “How much juice have we got? A Alot B Alotof © Lots of 3. Would you like ...... chips with your burger? A any B alittle © some 4 There is ..... butter left. I'l need to go to the supermarket. A any Bono © some 5 There is very... tea in the pot A ttle B few © alittle 6 There are only ..... peaches lett A afow B aiitio —C lots 7 How ...... chairs do we need for the dinner party? A tow B many = G much 8 Are there ...... sweets in the cupboard? A some Bmuch —G any Quantifiers | Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use up to three words. 1. We haven't got much flour. We have got very little flour. 2 Can you tell me the number of cakes you need? Can you tell me you need? 3. This pie is really salty, There is cakes salt in this pie. 4 These biscuits are really sweet! There is sugar in these biscuits! 5. There are no steaks in the freezer. There aren't the freezer. 6 | don't want many potatoes. I'm not very hungry. | only want I'm not very hungry. 7 lan drinks very litle water. lan doesn't drink .. 8 We've got very few carrots. We haven't got steaks in potatoes, water. .. carrots. Speaking Look at Tony's food diary. Use the key to tell your partner what Tony eats/drinks. __ very little/few 3-4 not much/many 6-6 some alot Tevet a Friday Saturday 1 glase ik 3 sices of toast 2eags 5 pieces of chocolate @ sandwiches H 3 portions of vegetables | B slices of pizza 2 cups of tea Ants B biscuits Balassesotwater — |B glasses of water A: On Fridays, Tony drinks very little milk B: On Saturdays, he doesn't eat much toast.10 + who/whose (people) . “who mows the lawn every week?” “My dad does.” “whose skateboard is that?” or “Whose is that skateboard?” “Liam's.” ‘+ what/which (things) ‘What is used alone or before a noun to ask about things. “What is your favourite colour?” . “Purple. ‘What is also used to ask about people, animals and things when there is an unlimited choice of + answers, What films do you like watching? (unlimited choice of films) . ‘Which is used alone or before nouns, one/ones and of, to ask about people, animals and things. Which is normally used when there is only a limited choice of answers. “Which T-shirt are you wearing, the blue one or the red one?” . “The red one.” (Which of the two? ~ limited choice) Which is also used with the comparative and + superlative form. “Which is faster, a cheetah or a panther?” + where (place) . “Where are you going in the summer?” “To the south of France.” Notes: G Choose the correct item. 1)... people live in your house? A How much @) How many © How long 2... phone is yours? The black one or the purple one? A What 3... do your lessons start? A What time B How often © How long B Whose © Which The wh-questions begin with a question word such as who, what, where, when, etc, We put the au are, do, does, etc) or modal verb (can, must, etc) before the subject. ‘+ We use what + be .. like to ask for a description of someone's character. “What's he like?” “He is very friendly and social. He has many friends and loves meeting new people.” ‘+ We use what + do ... look like to ask for a description of someone’s physical appearance. “What does your father look like?” “He's tall and has dark curly hair.” ry Cis, when/how long (ago)/how often/what time (time) “When does the plane leave?” “At 7 pm, | think.” “How long does it take you to get to school?” “About 15 minutes.” “How often do you go to the gym?” “Every Monday.” “What time do you start tennis practice?” “at 6am." how much (quantity) “How much sugar do we need for the pie?” “Not much." how many (number) “How many children are coming to your party?” “Twenty-five.” how (manner) “How are we getting to the airport?” “By train.” why (reason) “why is John excited?" “Because he’s going on holiday tomorrow.” how old (age) “How old are you?” “Sixteen.” how far (distance) “How far is your home from work?” “about five kilometres.” ‘how long/how tall (size) “How long are Bev's boots?” “They go up to her knees.” “How tall is Brad?” “He's 1.90 m tall.” 4 suis your favourite novel? A Which B Who What 5 (8 the train station from your house? ‘A Howlong B How far © How often 6... are you smiling? A How B What c WhyFill in: where, how long, how far, how much, what, which, when, how old, how, how many. A: Good afternoon, Evergreen Summer Camp. | 1) How can | help you? Hello. I'm interested in this year’s camp. Can you tell me 2) it starts? : On 21st July And 3) For three weeks. Excellent. 4) the camp? It's in the New Forest, near Lyndhurst. OK. 5) Is that from London? 140 kilometres. It takes about two hours by car Thanks. 6) does the camp cost? It’s £180 for each child. 7) children do you want to book places for? Two, please. My son and my daughter. And 8) are they? Eleven and thirteen. : OK. | can send you an information pack by email or post; 9) do you prefer? Email, please. : 10) It's michae!7@mail.co.uk. : Thank you very much. I'm sending the information now. does it last? exactly is is your address? GB ‘Complete questions to find out a few things about Tony. 1. What is Tony like? ‘Tony is friendly and very funny. He likes playing music in his tree time. He can play two instruments; the guitar and the drums. He practises at the weekends. He rehearses at a music studio. Its just a twenty-minute drive trom his, nouse, His brother drives him there. They practise twice a week. Question words a ‘Write questions to which the words in bold are the answers. MEET OUR STUDEN Ivar Vesik Ivar is 1)twenty years old, He's ‘tom 2) Tallinn in Estonia, but he lives in the UK 3) because he's a student at Westminster | University. He lives 4) in FJ Lambeth. It takes him '5) twenty minutes to walk to his lectures every day. In his spare time, Ivar likes 6) rowing. He goes to rowing practice 7) five times a week! He enjoys rowing 8) because it helps him to relax. 1 How old is Ivar? 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Speaking In pairs, ask and answer questions to. complete the questionnaire. nder 160) 17-240) 25-400) over 400] I buy new clothes: once a week [once a month [] once a year 0 usually spend: $10-19() $20-500 over $500) buy clothes for: family C) friends 2) myseit 2) like shopping clothes at Macy's. because: mee ‘A: How old are you? B: I'm... ete 11\ ) Pronouns/Possessives 12 “Personal subject /object pronouns Subject pronouns], you, he, she, it, we, you, they] [Object pronouns] me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them Subject pronouns go before verbs as subjects. Object pronouns go after verbs or prepositions as We use them instead of nouns or names. objects. This coat is so beautiful It really suits you! ‘Maria's got two dogs. She takes them for a walk every, Where's Lucy? She's in the classroom, ‘morning. (NOT: Lacy isin the classroom.) Look at him! Possessive adjectives/pronouns Possessive adjectives | Possessive pronouns my our Ours your your yours yours his/her/its their hisfhers/— theirs + Possessive adjectives show: + Possessive pronouns show that something a) that something belongs to somebody. belongs to someone. Possessive pronouns are This is my dog, Jack. not followed by nouns. b) the relationship between two or more people. Compare: This s my tablet. (possessive adjective) Jie ceeuntanhes Is mine. (possessive pronoun) ‘+ We put possessive adjectives before nouns. Js that your umbrella? Note: Note: + There is no possessive pronoun fo + its = possessive adjective Look at that bird! Its feathers are beautiful. © it’s =itis orit has It’ (itis) a cold windy day. It's (It has) got a long fluffy tal. of (inanimate things and people) * singular noun +’ ~ the boy’s ball + of + inanimate thing/abstract noun * regular plural noun + ~ the girs’ bikes the price tag of a coat, the circle of life * irregular plural noun +s the women’s handbags |* of + possessive case/possessive pronoun when * compound noun +'s~ my mother-inslaw's sister | there isa determiner or an article (this, any, a, etc) + ‘3 after the last of two or more names to show before the noun. Look at this drawing of Da Vinci’! common possession. (one of Da Vinci's paintings) A song of his. (one of Mary and Cynthia's cottage (They share the same) his songs) a friend of mine (NOT: of ene) cottage.) BUT + of + people (in longer phrases) Mary's and Kim’s cottages (Each one has got theit) That's the brother of one of my classmates. ‘own cottage) ‘+ ‘s/of to talk about places or organisations. Scotland's castes/the castles of Scotland * phrases of place + 's at the butcher's * time/distance expression + ‘s/’ tomorrow's exhibition, two hours’ walk * to singular names ending in -s we can either add ’s or just an apostrophe. Both options are correct. However, ‘sis more usual. James's jacket (or James’ jacket) ** Plural names ending in -s take an apostrophe, just like with other plurals. The Smiths’ house is very big. ‘+ We can use the possessive case without a noun after it. This skateboard is not mine. It’s Peter’,Fill in the correct subject or ‘object pronoun. 1 Beth is my triend. We are in ‘the same class at school, 2 | take my brother to nursery in the mornings and pick ...... up at 3. 3 My dad and | love it when Mum makes ..... pizza. 4. Billy and Bobby are my dogs. cwvene $I8@D in my bedroom. 5 I'm going shopping. Do want 10 COME With ssn? 6 I know Penny and ull. | see a every Tuesday at basketball practice. 7 Ben is my cousin. .. lives in Australia. 8 This Maths question is ificult nnn Can't dO Fill in the correct possessive adjective/pronoun. 1A: This bag doesn’t belong to me. Is it yours, Katie? B: No, it's not mine. It's my mum's 2 A: Can | borrow bike, Helen? B: Sorry, | need it. Ray's got a bike. Maybe you can borrow oes he Jacksons live on this street. That's house over there, B: Yes, and that red car is too. 4A: IS this... O0at, Nancy? 8: No, it's Emma's. Those QOVES BFE oesenree 100, 5 A: Do you share a room with oe brother? B: Yes. This big bedroom at the front is .. 6 A: Is Dad home? car is outside. B: No, he’s out shopping with Mum, They're using car. Pronouns/Possessives \\ 4 Fill in its or it’. 1. Let's go for a walk. It's a lovely, sunny day. 2 like my town. ...... got lots of great shops. 3. My parents’ bedroom has got ....... own bathroom. 4 The new sports centre is fantastic! got three different swimming pools, 5 Your puppy is so cute! | love ....... big, brown eyes. 6 [really enjoy Science. ....... my favourite subject, B Connect the nouns using 's, ('), oF of. Britain/the prime Minister the Prime Minister of Britain drive/three hours shop/Ellen and Mike jungles/Atrica books/the boys, mobile phone/Anna some cousins/my father car/my brother-in-law cat/Mrs Ellis the toys/children Soarvonseons 1 BQ Choose the correct item. ‘Ave those Adams'/Adam’s shoes? My sister is 21. She/Her is at university This is ours/our school. Look at that tree. It’s/Its leaves are a lovely colour, Maria is in the women’s/womens' changing room, Is Derek a friend of yours/you? | Jove Luke's and Emma’s/Luke and Emma's new flat This scart is mine/my. ‘Those earrings are beautiful. Can | try them/they? I'm going to the opticians'/optician’s to buy some new glasses. Soar SHMsenH Speaking Write the names of people, places or things you like or don't like in the boxes below. a sportsman turns to ask your partner: What Now, in pairs, take do you think of .. A: What do you think of the Killers? B: Vike them. They sing really nice songs. Their latest CD is great. 13\ ) The verbs to be, have got, can I'm, He/She/lt’s, We/You/They’re Negative {'m not, He/She/it isn’t, We/You/They aren’t Interrogative Am I?, Is he/she/it?, Are we/youlthey? Short Yes, |am., Yes, he/she/itis., Yes, we/yourthey are. Answers No, 'm not., No, he/she/it isn’t, No, welyoulthey aren't. In short answers, we do not repeat the whole question, We only use Yes or No, the subject pronoun and the verb form am ('m not)/is (isn’t)/are (aren't) ‘Are you Spanish? No, I'm not. We use the verb have got: a) to show that something belongs to somebody. She's got a bike. b)to describe people, animals or things. He's got short fair hair ©) to talk about relationships. I've got a twin sister d)in the following expressions: I've got a headache, I’ve got a temperature, I've got a cough, I've got a toothache, I’ve got a cold, I've got a problem. Affirmative | /WelYou/Theyve got. _| He/She/it’s got. Negative | /We/You/They haven't got. | He/She/it hasn’t got. Interrogative | Have I/we/you/they got? _| Has he/she/it got? Short Yes, ijwelyoulthey have. | Yes, he/she/it has. Answers: ‘No, I/wejyou/the haven't. | No, he/she/it hasn't. In short answers, we only use Yes or No, the subject pronoun and the verb have (haven't)/has (hasn't) ‘We don't use got. Have you got a notebook? Yes, | have. (NOT: ¥es-+-Hewe-got,) We use got more in the present and not so often in the past tense. She had skates when she wos younger. (NOT: She had get... ~ itis less common) Affirmative | 1/You/He/She/It/We/You/They can walk. Negative /You/He/She/It/We/You/They can’t walk. Interrogative | Can \/you/he/she/it/we/you/they walk? ‘Short Yes, liyou/he/she/it/we/you/they can. Answers | No, I/you/he/she/it/we/you/they can’t. ‘+ The verb can js the same in all persons in the singular and in the plural, and is always followed by a verb. ‘+ We use can to show ability can dance. | can't play the piano.Circle the correct form of the verb have got, can or be. (B/ Are Michael your friend? 2 We hasn't/ haven't got a pet. 3 I can/ can’t meet you tomorrow. I'm free all day. 4 i'm not / aren't a very good dancer. 5 Tim have / has got a really bad headache. 6 Jack and Abigail isn't / aren't in Year 10. They're in Year & 7 \can't/can check my ‘emails. My computer isn’t | ‘working, 8 Have / Has you got ¢ new | wv? | 9 Can't / Gan Norman play j chess? 10 Jenny hasn’t / haven't got any homework to do. | 11 Raymond aren't / isn’t my | cousin. 12 Am/ Are we leaving soon? Fill in the correct form of have got, can or be to find out a few things about James and his family. 11 James is twenty years old. 2 He brown hair and green eyes 3 He very friendly and intelligent. } 4 James ... two } sisters. ! 5 They twine, Their names are Jessica and Suzie. 6 They play the piano but they sing or dance. 7 James and his sisters students at Loughborough College. 8 They oo 8 GAY $0 they take the bus to college. The verbs to be, have got, can Gy] Complete the exchanges using the correct form of have got, can or be. 1 A: Can you ride a motorbike? B: No, | can’t, but I can ride a horse. 2A Luca and Sonia from Spain? B: Yes, they... ‘They speak Spanish. 3A you acold? BE NO, Vessesseeeee « But! a fever. 4a Susie read and write? B: No, she She's only three! 5A Matteo from Portugal? B: No, he He from Italy 6 A you make me a sandwich? B: No, | We any bread. TA Robin a bike? B: Yes, he eral blue and white. BA you a brother? B: Yes, | He 16 years old. Read Emma's personal profile and fill in the gaps with the correct form of have got, can or be. go Ee Personal Profile Hil My name 4)is Emma and 1 2) eighteen years old. | 8) srseseresenenre DOWN hai and blue eyes. | live in London with my parents. They 4) both doctors. and they 5) swe aN office on Harley Street. | 6) .. any brothers or sisters. In). ride and | 8)... a horse. His name 9) .... Thomas. He 10) : \ a long tail. Thomas 1. 01d, $0 NE 43) seeererererenens FUR VOFY Stil jump over fences. black and he 44) A) sere fast, but he 14) . Speaking and Writing Use the words in the list to make true sentences about yourself. Tell the class. Then, write a short paragraph presenting yourself on your personal profile. ‘= short hair * green eyes * tall © 16 years old ‘History student * one brother * a cat * a laptop ‘* a skateboard * ride a horse * play the piano * sing * speak English * only child + play basketball haven't got short hai. 15this album. When is their Present simple vs Present continuous The band sings balanty — next single coming out? The Moon | work as a teacher, ‘moves around but this summer { am | usually have > Do you know the reason today? Yes, he's got a doctor's appointment. Is this the shop Julie works? Yes, she’s a shop assistant here. Can | see the book these days? B: Of course, It's upstairs in my bedroom. Toby is late POro you're reading Match to form sentences and fill in the relative pronouns or adverbs. 2] That's the suit Is that the lady This is the office 2016 is the year That's the bag That's the reason Is that the little boy That's the man @|[][=|[e)[s|[>] ; AB son is. graphic designer. goes to your daughter's school? ce Danielle is upset? a owns the italian restaurant? © which Jake wears to work. f Bev works. 9. I carry my books in. falco stent university 23\ Relatives 24 Join the sentences. Use relative pronouns and adverbs. 1 I want to speak to the waiter. He works the morning shi. I want to speak to the waiter who works the ‘morning shit 2 You always want clothes. They are really expensive. 3. That's the office. My dad works there. 4 Tomorrow is the day. I'm having my job interview. 5 | can't understand. You are always losing your keys. 6 | like the jacket. You wear it to college. 7 This is the place, We park aur car here. 8 Kelly is the girl, Her brother is an actor, Ga Fill in the correct relative pronoun. Then write S for subject or O for object. Finally, state if the relative can be omitted or not. 1 What's the name of the woman who/that is jn charge of the bank? (S — not omitted) 2 This is the bike | ride at the weekends. 3. Is that the man presents the news? 4. Dale is the student uncle is, the headteacher. 5 The laptop 'm_using now is new. 6 That's the gir set up our online shop. 7 November is the time of the year | usually plant roses. 8 Is this the department deals with customers’ complaints? 7 Fill in with a relative pronoun or adverb. Write D for defining, ND for non-defining, and state if the relative can be omitted or not. Add commas where necessary. 1 Jason, who is a banker, works at Leicester Bank, ND not omitted 2 The skirt you're wearing looks great. 3. Mr Simmons shop is on Frith Street is employing me for the summer, 4 Laura is only 26 is already a famous author. 5 | like the earrings today. 6 This is the shop you're wearing | buy all my shoes. 7 My Car su. drive to college is blue 8 Bon and Tom......... mother is from Spain run a Spanish restaurant. 9 Thursday is the day our new tutor. 10 Do you lke this dress my baby cousin? we're meeting I'm making for a Choose the correct item. 1. Where's the security guard ...... usually sits outside? @ who B whose © who's 2 This is the magazine ...... Lydia edits. A where B when = which 3 Chris is someone swimming club. | know from the A which B who © whose 4. The traffic is the reason ....... 'm not home. yet. A which B why © who 5 Where's the file presentation? .. Penny needs for her A where B who © which 6 This is the restaurant | meet my friends for lunch, A which B where © when 7 Is that the couple ‘swimming pool? house has a big A who B who's © whose 8 Next Saturday is the day........ the football season starts. A when B which © whereRead the radio interview and fill in the gaps with the correct relative pronoun or adverb. Hello, listeners, Today I'm talking to a firefighter 1) whose name is Tony Cassar. Welcome, Tony. Thanks for having me, Kate. So, Tony, tell us about your job. Well, | work at the Hammersmith Station, 2) in London, Because London is a big place, 3) lots of emergencies happen, we're always busy. Have you got a big toam? ‘There are lots of firefighters at the station, but | usually work with my best friend lob, 4) fives the fire engine, and two other men. Do you enjoy your job? ‘Well, | miss my family at the times 5) .- I work at nights or weekends. But the reason 6) ima firefighter is that | want to help people in danger, and that's what my job is all about. Transformations EJs] Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use up to three words. 1 Luke is a medical student. His dream is to become a doctor. Luke is a medical student whose dream is to become a doctor. 2 Mr Ronson is my teacher. He's on TV now, Mr Ronson, my teacher, is on TV now, 3. Dad leaves the office at 5:30. 5:30 is the time the office, 4 I'm writing an essay for college, Do you want to read it? Do you want to read the essay writing for college? 5. Brian is 19 years old. He is studying Art. BURA tee 19 years old, is studying Art 6 Mandy lives in this building. This is the building 4 lives. 7 I'm wearing a red necklace. It belongs to my friend Sophie. |'m wearing @ red necklace .. my friend Sophie. 8 There are so many things | love about my job. ‘There are so many reasons to Relatives \ y @ Complete the sentences so that they are true for you. Use relative pronouns or adverbs. 1 The person who is my hero is Adete. 2 live in a place 3 Iknow a boy... 4 sown i8 the day 5 I don't know like TV programmes ‘Speaking In pairs, make sentences using the prompts, adding relative pronouns and adverbs, as in the example. + Jamie Oliver/own/Jamie's Italian restaurants © Formula 1/sport/Lowis Hamilton Is famous for ‘+ 2004/year/Olympic Games took place in Athens ‘= New York/city/Beyoncé lives * Steve Tyler/singer/daughter is an actress A: Jamie Oliver, B: Jamie Olver is the person who owns Jamie's Italian restaurants. Writing Write sentences about yourself using relative pronouns and adverbs. + (place}/usually read my books * {time}/go to bed '* [programme)/sometimes watch on Tv '* (person)/often talk to on the phone * (shop)/usually buy my clothes The living room is the place where | usuaily read my books. 25= 26 , Adjectives - Adverbs rm Soe 7 Adjectives i | Adjectives describe nouns. They have the same There are opinion adjectives and fact adjectives. 7 form in the singular and the plural. an interesting Opinion adjectives (clever, wonderful, etc) show what a "book — interesting books person thinks of somebody or something. Fact fadjectitan on adjectives (short, big, old, etc) give us factual «@ before the nouns they describe. on old car information about somebody or something, that is, they * after the verbs: be, look, smell, sound, feel, describe what somebody or something is really ke. taste, seem, appear, become, get, stay, etc The adjectives in the following pairs have a difference The pizza tastes nice in meaning: 1) He gave her a gold ring for her birthday. opera omer ( a ting made of gold) dloy! t's their The Bahamas are famous for their golden beaches. | Ee cintinsthetes (= beaches the colour of gold) B wearing long, black _®) Sue bought a silk dress. (= a dress made of silk) le Tia ‘ove having silky hair. (= hair which feels like silk) happy and excited ©) They have a lovely stone wail in their garden. i apenetal (© a wall made of stone) BD oeoeh. He had a stony expression on his face. unresponsive expression, like stone) a cold and Opinion adjectives go before fact adjectives. « nice glass table ‘When there are two or more fact adjectives in a sentence, they usually go in the following order: | Opinion | Size | Age | Shape | Colour | Origin | Material | Noun i beautiful] small | old | round | bue | English | china | vase Ordinal numbers (first, second, third, etc) go before cardinal numbers (one, two, three, etc) | the first two days (NOT: the swo-fest-days) : The adjectives afraid, alike, alive, alone, ashamed, asleep, awake, content, glad | pleased, etc are never followed by a noun. The boy was ashamed. The students were pleased. * We do not usually use a fong list of adjectives before a single noun. A noun is usually described by one, two | or three adjectives at the most. an elegant, red, silk dress _ Actives ending in -e/-ng _# Adjectives ending in -ing express what something is + Adjectives ending in -ed express how we feel about | like. The film was boring. (What was it ike? Boring.) something. We were bored. (How did we feel? Bored.) Look at the picture and the adjectives in bold. a) How are they placed in the sentences? b) Which adjectives are opinion adjectives and which ones are fact? What do they describe? What is the order of opinion and fact adjectives in a sentence? c) Which adjective describes how a person feels and which describes what something is like? How are they formed? Fill in the gaps with the adjectives in the a ‘Choose the correct adjective. correct order. 1. This is a very interested/interesting book. 1. Tess wants a smal, re9, leather 2. Working shifts is quite tired/tiring, (leather/small/red) handbag 3 Lucy is frightened/trightening of dogs. 2 Ineeda 4 | think being a journalist is en (new/black/smart) suit for the wedding excited/exciting occupation 3. Damian wants to sell his 5 Mum gets annoyed/annoying when we (American/old/blue) cat. don't tidy our bedrooms. 4 Mum is ordering Dad a 6 | get bored/boring on the bus ride home (beautiful/wooden/big) deck for his office, from college.‘Adverbs describe verbs, past participles, adjectives and other adverbs. He drives slowly. The event was badly organised. You re absolutely wrong. She dances extremely well ‘An adverb can be one word (sleepily) or a phrase (before dinner). Adverbs can describe manner (how), place (where), time (when), frequency (how often), degree (to what extent), etc. She acts amazingly. (How does she act? Amazingly. ~ adverb of manner) Maria's house is around the corner. (Where is Maria's house? Around the corner. -+ adverb of place) They rarely go to the theatre. (How often do they go to the theatre? Rarely. -> adverb of frequency) Formation of adverbs We usually form an adverb by adding -ly to the adjective. calm — calmly Adjectives ending in -le drop the -e and take -y. simple — simply ‘Adjectives ending in a consonant + y drop the -y and take -lly. fazy — lazily Adjectives ending in -I take -ly. careful - carefully Adjectives ending in -ic usually take -ally. ‘magic - magically BUT public — publicly Adjectives ending in -e take -ly. brave ~ bravely BUT true ~ truly ‘Adverbs of frequency go after the auxiliary verb (be, have, do), but before the main verb. They have never been to a concert. Kat is often late for work, He rarely does the gardening. Adverbs of manner go before the main verb, after the auxiliary verb or at the end of the sentence. She happily agreed to marry him. He is anxiously waiting for his exam results. Please walk up the stairs quietly! Adverbs of degree (absolutely, completely, totally, extremely, very, quite, rather, etc) go before an adjective, an adverb and the main verb, but after the auxiliary verb. You are absolutely right. He draws quite well. | completely agree with your decision. He is extremely rude. Adverbs of place and time usually go at the end of the sentence. / haven't seen Tina lately. Adjectives - Adverbs \\ /] { really love table tennis! | can play very well ‘and I hardly ever miss a game with my friends! We practice hard as we often take part in competitions! We usually practice at the sports centre near my house, at the weekends. Some adverbs do not follow these rules, ‘Adjective Adverb | Adjective Adverb ‘good wall | high high fast fast | long long hard hard | low low early eary | near near late late | straight — straight right right | wrong - wrong deep deep | catch the early bus to college. adjective) | get up early every morning, (adverb) Adverbs of time, such as soon, now, now and then, go before the main verb, but after the auxiliary verb. She later gave up trying. We should soon be home. We can put an adverb at the beginning of a sentence if we want to emphasise it. Suddenly, a strange man entered the room. (manner) Outside, you'll find a beautitul garden. (place) On Tuesday, we are having our term exam. (time) When there are two or more adverbs in the same sentence, they usually go in the following order: ‘manner ~ place - time. Mr Jones works hard in his office every day. If there is a verb of movement, such as go, come | and leave, in the sentence, the adverbs usually go in the following order: place - manner - time. Jo _goes to work by train every morning.\ ), Adjectives - Adverbs ‘+ There isa difference in meaning between the adverbs in the following pairs: He’ trying hard to finish the project on time. (= with effort) Tim hardly speaks to anyone n the offce. scarcely) They own a hotel near the beach. (= close to) 5 nearly six o'clock. (= almost) The train came late again. (= not on time) He has been working overtime lately. (= recently) The car in front of me stopped short when a dog rar in the road. (= suddenly) The play will begin shorly. (= soon) The dog buried its bone deep in the ground. (= a long way down) Tam deeply sorry for the inconvenience. (= greatly) This plane goes direct to Singapore. (= by the shortest route) T ‘She picks up her children directly ater work. (immediately) ‘he bird flew high in the sky. ata high level) _|He is highly qualified. (= very) The hat came free with the suntan lation. (= without charge) You can speak freely. (= without restriction) * The following words end in -ly, but they are adjectives: cowardly, deadly, elderly, friendly, likely, lively, lonely, lovely, silly, ugly. She isa friendly lady. We use the phrase in a ... way/manner to form their adverbs, She spoke to me in a friendly way. (NOT: She-spokeriandly.) + The adverbs cheap(ly), loud(ly), quick(ly) and slow(ly) are often used without -ly in everyday English Don't walk slow/slowly! Look at the picture on page 27. a) What do the adverbs in bold express? b) How do we form adverbs? ©) Where can adverbs appear within the sentence? Write the adverbs of the following adjectives. slow strange easy helpful fast suitable tragic happy graceful good public bad possibie early busy wise slowly ero osenH 10 1" 12 13 14 15 16 a Underline and identity the types of adverbs in each sentence. 1 We usually go out on Fridays. They are extremely kind people. Tom is patiently waiting for his appointment now realise Katie is right, She talks quietly on the phone. | rarely eat chocolate. He's rather rude to me | think Roger is upstairs. . The children are playing outside. .. Have you seen Erily lately? frequency on eoroan 10 Put the words below into the correct. column. * beautiful * high * carelessly * long * lonely ‘softly + friendly * right * angrily » suddenly ‘straight * well * deep * good » elderly beautiful,Put the adverbs in brackets in the correct order in the sentence. 1 Jack works. (all day/hard) ack works hard all day. 2 Mr Thomas arrived. (half an hour ago/suddenly/in the office) 3 Penny is upset. (at the moment/quite) 4 Michael reads. (upstairs/in the ‘evenings/quietly) 5 We get up. (late/on Sundays/usually) 6 Our neighbours argue. (at night/loudly/sometimes) 7 Maria works out. (in the mornings/at the gym/often) a Choose the correct item. 1 Paul goes to the gym direct/directly after college. 2 We're under a lot of pressure late/lately. 3 Faye has got lovely gold/golden hair. 4. The cinema tickets ate free/freely with the magazine. 5 Joseph near/nearly had a car crash, 6 | was about to go into Mrs Franks’ office, but | stopped short/shortly whan | saw she was with another student, 7 Is that a silk/silky dross? 8 The Internet connection is poor; the web pages can hard/hardly load. 9 This is a high/highly successful company. 10 We're building a stone/stony wall around our garden, 11. | am deeply/deep grateful for your help. 12. Hurry up! The bus is leaving short/shortly. Adjectives - Adverbs _— oO Choose the correct item. Olga: Hello, Maggie. | Maggie: Hi, Olgal What ¢ 1) horrible/horribly day! The weather 's 2) awful/awtully! Olga: | know! It’s raining 3) heavy/heavily here and the thunder is rumbling 4) loud/loudly. Poor Patch, my dog, is, 5) terrifying/terrified! I'm not going out today! Maggie: 6) Lucky/Luckily you! I'm going to an exhibition with my college art class. Olga: That sounds 7) interested/interesting Maggie: Yes, it does! The thing is that I'm waiting for a taxi to take me to the train station but its running 8) late/lately. | 9) real/really con't want to miss my train, What time is it now? Olga: {t's 10) near/nearly 8.30. Maggie: OX, I'd better call the taxi company again, Talk to you soon! Speaking Look at the pictures. Use the prompts and the adjectives given to make sentences about what you see in the pictures as in the example. Ye Seay A iy Wein fonction eed guitar foe A Kelly is driving slowly.\ )/ Comparisons 30 eanpaeseceisa . Comparatives and super: + We use the comparative to compare one person or thing with another. Moria is older than her best friend. + We use the superlative to compare one person or thing with more than one person or thing of the same group. Tom is the friendliest person in the class. Here is a photo of my best friends! Lara is the tallest one Gand Kim is the one with the Jongest hair! ’m shorter than them, but I’m the eldest. We are all very good students, but I think Lara is by far the cleverest in the class. Kim is the most talented of ai! and sings the most beautifully! Adjectives Comparative Superlative ea Fi small | smaller (than) the smallest (of/in) thercompwatve napa rms ® | GEFan) eget (oi) big bigger (than) the biggest (of/in) of one sylable ending in vowel + ‘consonant, double the last consonant thin thinner the thinnest (offin) and add -er/-est | silly sillier (than) the silliest (of/in) ead osfeee te ae lade a) the latest (on shallow _| shallower (than) the shallowest (offin) of two or more syllables take polite more polite (than) ‘the most polite (of/in) more/most interesting | more interesting (than) the most interesting (of/in) ‘+ We normally use than with the comparative form. Tims car is faster than john’s car + We normally use the... of/in (in refers to places, groups, etc) with the superlative form. Jack's the most popular of ail the students. jack’s the most popular student in his class + Certain adjectives form their comparative and superlative either with -er/-est or more/most. These are: clever, common, cruel, friendly, gentle, narrow, pleasant, quiet, shallow, simple, stupid, polite. gentle ~ gentler ~ gentlest ALSO gentle ~ more gentle - most gentle. ‘Adverbs Positive| Comparative! _ Superlative adverbs having the same form as their adjectives add -er/-est |late | later the latest early drops -y and adds “ier/-iest early ear the earliest two-syllable adverbs and those formed by adding -ly to their often | more often the most often adjectives take more/most calmly | more calmly | the most calmly irregular forms ‘© elder/eldest (+noun) (adi): for members of a Adjective/Adverb| Comparative | Superlative family. My eldest brother is a professor. BUT My oadivell beter Best sister is older than me. (NOT: elder-than) bad/badly anes aa + further farther (adv) = longer (in distance) My much/many “more most friend's house is further/farther away from college lot of re " than my house. inte es heat further (adj) = more Paul went to hospital for far farther/further farthestturthest| further tests.Comparisons ‘Types of comparisons as + adjective/adverb + as (Lo show that two people or things are similar/different in some way). In negative sentences we use Not 25/50 was. Kim is as attractive as her twin sister. The new sofa isn’t as/so comfortable as our old one. less + adjectives/adverb + than (to express the difference between two people or things.) The ‘opposite is more ... than. The blue dress is ess elegant than the red one. Tom visits his grandparents less often than he used to, the least + adjective/adverb +of/in (to compare one person or thing with two or more people or things of the same group.) The opposite is the most... of/in. This isthe least expensive hotel in Paris, Tom dresses the least casually in the office. very + positive degree (to emphasise an adjective or an adverb). [an isa very polite person. Karen ran very fast in the race. even/much/a lot/far/a little/a bit/slightly + comparative (to emphasise the degree of difference between two people or things). Harry researches his essays much more carefully than his best friend. by far + the + superlative (to emphasise the difference between one person or thing and two or more people or things of the same group). This is by far the hottest day this summer. Look at the picture on page 30 and the words in bold in the example. a) How do we form the comparative and the superlative of adjectives and adverbs? When do we use these forms? b) Which types of comparison can you see? What does each one show? Complete the table. 1) bigger S\RE re ani the most peaceful happier 8 expensve 7) 8) 9) better 10) much 11) the most 12) more beautiful 13) 14) more clever! 18) nnn cleverer E] Write the comparative and superlative forms of the following adverbs. slowly more slowly hard badly early near quietly the most slowly aaron a Choose the correct item. 1 Ted's new job isn't as exciting as/than his old one, ‘The instructions are less/least complicated than | expected Mrs Evans is by far/much the nicest professor we have. This hotel is the more/most famous in town, Juliette is very/slightly older than | am, Ron is even/by far cleverer than Mike He is far/more lazier than the rest of us. This project is very/a lot more difficult than the last one. | can’t type as fast than/as Michelle. Tina is much/by far more creative than Abigail 2 ey l8Ms 9 10 Put the adjectives/adverbs in brackets into the correct form. 1. The red dress is more expensive (expensive) than the blue one, Doing experiments is (interesting) part of our Chemistry lessons. Please, could you write your answers a litle : (clearly) next time? Elaine is much (happy) now that she’s back at college. Trevor behaves paren (calmly) than Jim in stressful situations.= Comparisons Choose the correct i uly Hi Paull | want to get a summer job but | can’t decide between being a waiter at Villa Italia in the evenings, a builder or a ‘summer camp leader. Help me choose! Hi Jay! | think i's @ great idea for you to get a job for the summer. The job at Villa italia sounds good. It is the 4)... restaurant in ‘own, so working there might be 2)... tan being a builder or a camp leader. You also have to be 3)... dressed, so you might need to buy some new clothes. The building job is probably 4)... for you because you like being outside. But itis 6)... job ofthe three and probably pays the 6)...... money. The summer camp leader has 7)..... hours of all, so it's a 8)... tting job, but i's also fun. It looks 9)...... good on your CY, too, because you need to be responsibie, energetic end patient. You get 40)... any time off, but you do get 44)... ‘money than a waiter or a builder, so | think this is the 12) job for you, Let me know what you decide! Paul 1A busy B busier © busiest 2 A most stressful B more stressful © stressful 3A smarter B smart © smartly 4 A more suitable B most suitable © suitable 5 A dangerous B_ more dangerous © the most dangerous 6 A less B least ¢ litte 7 A thelongest —B longer © long 8 A much B very © by far 9 A real B really © more real 10 A hard B hardest © hardly 11 A more B most © much 12 A good B better C best 4 Put the adjectives/adverbs in brackets into the correct form, adding any necessary words. 1A: Stuart is working as a part-time tour guide this summer, B; That's the perfect job for him; he's the most sociable (sociable) person | know. 2 A You speak French very well B: Thank you, but my sister speaks it " (fluently) than | co. 3A I miss the children when they're away. B: | know. The house is much (quiet) without thom. 4 A: Annabelle has got @ lovely voice. B: Yes, she sings : (beautifully) of all the airs. 5A: Nick seems distracted today. B: You're right, He isn't working as (quickly) usual 6 A: | never eat breakfast. B: You should ~ it's : (important) meal of the day, 7 A; Angela has got some lovely clothes, B: Yes, she dresses (elegantly) than anyone else at college 8 A: Nick is so big! How old is he now? B: He's twelve, He's (tall) student in his class. 9 A: Its a lovely day today. B: I know, but I think it's slightly i (Cold) than yesterday. 10 A: Debbie is a good driver. B: Yes, she drives a lot : .- (carefully) than her brotherr | B ‘Choose the correct item. | 1. The Topshop store at Oxford Circus is the in the UK. A large B larger © largest 2 These shoes aren’t...... as thase ones. A more expensive B as expensive © most expensive 3. My sister goes shopping ...... than | do, A more often B most often ¢ often 4 See our website for ...... information, A farther B further far 5 Jenny feels going to the gym, better today, so she’s A very B most much 6 Yoursis...... the nicest room in the house. A far B alot © by tar 7 Tomorrow we're getting up ..... than wa usually do, A earlier —B -earliest_ © early 8 It's raining ..... than it was yesterday. A heavy, B more heavily © most heavily 9 Jason is even ..... than Carl A strongest. B strong | © stronger 10 Susan is... than her brother. ] A elder B older Coldest | 11, My new flat is abit... than my old one. | A smallest B smaller i © smal 12 This is... book I've ever read! A confusing B more confusing © the most confusing | 13. Trevor isn’t ..... good at sports as me. A even B so © much 14 He seems like the group, but he’s just shy. A least B loss friendly boy in the ¢ little 15. My flatmate is slightly often borrows my clothes. A slimmest 8 sim than me, but she © slimmer Comparisons ‘Transformations ‘Complete the second sentence so that it ‘means the same as the first. Use up to three words. 1 Pete and Steve are exactly the same age. Pete is as old as Steve. 2 Daisy's essay isn’t as interesting as Susie's, Susie's essay is than Daisy's, 3. No one in the house has got a bigger room than Danie! Danie! has got sricpestitees POET in the house. 4 Carrie has a lat more patience than Nicola. Carrie is far than Nicola 5 Ben isn't as helptul as his brother. Ben is his brother. 6 | think Maths is an extremely easy subject, | think Maths is by far subject. Speaking Jane wants to work in retail when she's older, but now she’s looking for a weekend job. She has asked you to help her choose. Compare the three jobs she is thinking of applying for using the following adjectives/adverbs: *welkpaid © long + far » exciting * formally Shop assistant: £7 an hour, 8 hours, 3 kms from her house, very busy shop which celebrities go to, be professionally dressed Babysitter: £4 an hour, 3-4 hours, 1 km from her house, nothing to do after children are ‘Waitress: £6.50 an hour, 6 hours, 2 kms from her house, quiet local café, be casually dressed ‘A: The waitress’ job is batter paid than the babysitter's, B: Yes, but the shop assistant’s job is the best paid of al, Writing Use the information from the Speaking activity to write an email to Jane ‘comparing the jobs. 3334 Exploring Grammar (Starter - Unit 3) Present simple - Present continuous a) Read Belinda’s blog and put the verbs in brackets in the correct form. b) Match the verbs to th use. A) a fixed arrangement in the near future B) a stative verb C) a temporary action D) a dally routine E) a permanent state c) What other uses of the present continuous and present simple can you think of? Give examples. Hi readers! What 1) . .. (you/do) this summer? 1 2) ow (volunteer) at Bristol Zoo until the beginning of September. I'm always excited to get to work. | 3) (think) it's the best job in the world! Every day, 1 A) ccosnnmnnnes (Start) work in the Reptile House. 15). .». (Clean) the snakes’ tanks and 1 6) se .. (feed) the crocodiles. They're bigger than they look on TV, but that’s not as scary asit7) (sound)! At 1 o'clock today, | 8)... friend Amy for lunch. Amy, who 9) Zoology at Bristol University, 10) (want) to work with lions in Asia. Not many lions 1) soe (live) in Asia, but Bristol Zoo has a few. Their names are Kamran, Ketan and Shiva. Kamran and Ketan are still babies. They are so cute! t's Amy's job to look after them, In the afternoons, 1 usually 12) (take) visitors on tours around the zoo. It’s the part of the day which | enjoy the most. But tomorrow afternoon 113) srs (not/do) a tour. Instead, we are having a special show for children inside the Reptile House. The children can learn about snakes and even hold one, but very few of them want to! So, when 14).... (you/all/come) to visit the 200? | can‘t wait to show you everything! It 15) (not/cost) much to enter; you can find out more at www.bristolz00.0rg.uk. (meet) my (study), Adverbs of frequency Circle the adverbs of frequency in Belinda’s blog. Use them to make a sentence of your ‘own. Where do we place an adverb of frequency in a sentence? Stative verbs a) What is a stative verb? Find and underline all the stative verbs in the text. b) Look at the highlighted parts in the text. How does the verb have differ in meaning? ) What other stative verbs do you know that can have continuous forms? How does their meaning differ? Give examples. Relative clauses Find a defining and a non-defining clause in the text. How do the two types of clause differ? Adjectives - Adverbs - Comparisons Circle the comparative and superlative forms in the blog. What other type of comparison can you see? When do we use each form? Quantifiers a) Highlight all the quantifiers in the text. Give examples of more quantifiers, and say how they are used. b) How do a few/(very) few, a little/(very) little differ in meaning? Question words a) Find two question words in the blog. How are they used? Which question words do we use to ask about: possession? reason? manner? place? b) In pairs, ask and answer questions based on the blog using question words. A: Where is Belinda working this B: At Bristol Zoo. immer? Pronouns a) Find all the personal pronouns in the blog. What type is each? Write S (subject) or O (object). b) Now find two possessive adjectives. What comes after them? ©) Find examples of the possessive case in the blog. How do we form the possessive case? Give examples.a Choose the correct item. 1 10 " 12 13 4 15 16 What time .... 2 A is the train leaving B the train leaves © does the train leave My sisters .... my jewellery without asking, It's so annoying! A always take © always takes B are always taking “Have you got a mobile phone?” You l[otr 2 A have B do © have got 2014 is the year .... | finished college. A where — B which © when Is there .... flour left? | want to make a cake. A many B much © alotof Walk .... Ivy Street for 100 metres and then tum left. A past B along © among This is Tom's bike, but the helmet is A mine B me c my |... to the cinema. | prefer to watch DVDs at home. A rarely go B gorarely ¢ rarely don't go coat is this? A Whos = B Who Whose The traffic in the city .... worse every year, A is becoming B become © becomes Greg plays the piano in our Music class. than anyone else A better = B best C_wall ‘These boots, .... | wear in the winter, are from Milan, A whose — B which that “... do you play tennis?” “Once a week.” A Howlong B How tar © How often Tony and Elaine .... from Toronto in Canada. Ais B are c am ‘Those are the .... bikes. They're inside playing in Robin's room, A boys’ B boys — boys This meal .... amazing! You're a great cook. A istasting B tastes taste Revision (Starter - Unit 3) 17 I'm finding it difficult to sleep Ain B at night. C on 18 Robert can solve Maths problems A more easily B easy easily 19. .... shopping tomorrow? A You go B Are you going © Do you go 20 This is... the hardest test we've ever done, Abytar— B far ¢ very 21. Evans shoots and A score —B scores is scoring 22 |... more fruit these days. A ‘meating B eat © eats 23 Ben..... at the library now. A is studying B studies C study 24 The sun... in the west. A sets B set C is setting 25 Emperor penguins .... in Antarctica. A arsliving B lives lve Perit Fill in the correct form of the word in _ brackets, choose the correct word or fill _ in the gaps ‘A At Bames Academy, we 1)... (believe) that music 2) .. (be) an important part of college life. $0, 3) ...uese 21st June, we 4) (hold) a music ‘workshop, B we 1) ‘g0t guitar, piano and singing teachers, and even a professional Du! Mike Jones, 2) . is a famous musician, is 3) our/ours special guest. He 4) a (lay) the drums for the band Wishing Well, and he is bringing 5) him/his drum kit with him. © Students 1) have a private lesson with Mike, but he hasn’t got 2) much/many time, s0 book 3) . (fast) to save a placel Dees the evening, we 2) (have) a talent show ~ the 3) (good) act wins a prize! Don't miss 4)... chance to make some music at Barnes Academy this summer! —— 35