Doughnut Economics

The concept of Doughnut Economics, developed by economist Kate Raworth, recognises that we should
aim to live, as a society, in a way that meets the basic needs of all humans, but does not cause damage
to the planet.

The inner ring (the social foundation) is the basic needs that should be met for everyone in society.

The outer ring (the ecological ceiling) is the maximum environmental impact we can have without
damaging the planet.

The doughnut is the space between the two rings. This space is socially just and protects the environment
– it is a space in which humanity can thrive.

Our Climate, Our Future