(ii) Daripada hari ke-22 bulan eda From day 22 of the second month ‘Aras progesteron meningkat selepas persenyawaan kerana ppenempelan telah berlaku. The level of progesterone increases after fertilisation as ‘implantation has occurred. Progesteron merangsang ‘endometrium untuk terus rmenebal, menjadi lebih bervaskular bagi menyokong, fetus yang membesar. Progesterone stimulates the ‘endometrium to continue f0 PRAKTIS ToPIKAL theken becomes mor folded Soalan Aneka Pillhan ‘and highly vascular 1 support 2¢ 3C 4D sc anes foetus. pa 6C 7B 8B 9C 108 oan ingen uB RC BC MD 1D Fe ad wie 6B 17D Ln aaamlgaaientl ‘Aras progesteron terus ‘meningkat. Progesteron terus rmerangsang endometsium ‘untuk terus berkembang bagi ‘menyokong embrio yang sedang. ‘membesar The level of progesterone continues to rise. Progesterone continues to stimulate the Soalan Struktur 1 (a) () Spermatogenesis Spermaiogenesis G Spermatogonia Spermatogonia = 2n Spermatocoa Spermatozoa =n ©) (i) Haid Menstruation (i Penguraian dinding werus! aig fedometriam o further develop penguranga ke os en 10 suppor the growing embry. The breadown of te erie Seaton Exel lining endonein A Aerna rinerdum membahag thickness. secara mitosis unk menghailan oo spemaogonium diploid. =o Germinal epithelial cells divide many times by miss 0 produce fs = diploid spermatogonia. w Spermatogontum mengalami Petumbuhan dan pembezaan untuk berkembang menjadi spermaosit ! a com Spermatogonia undergo growth and differeniation to become primary spermatocytes. a Setiap spermatosit primer ‘membahagi melalui meiosis 1 untuk ‘menghasilkan dua spermatosit sekunder haploid. Each primary spermatocyte undergoes meiosis Iw form two haploid secondary spermatocytes. {1} Setiap spermatosit sekunder ‘membshagi secara meiosis I untuk ‘menghasitkan dua spermatid yang haploid. Spermatid mendapat nutnen 2. (a) Day 16 = Pituitary gland secretes FSH FSH will simulate the development of Graafan follicle. Endometive’ uterine lining disintegrate and ‘menstruation begins. Kelnjar pita merembos FSH FSH akan merangsang perkembangan Toke! Graal Endemetrum / nding vtorss ferurai dan hald bermula, Day 7-43 ~ Folicie cells secrete oestrogen, ‘Sol alkal merembeston estrogen = Osstrogen helps to repair the endometrium wall uterine lining, Estrogen membartu membais endomettum / dinding utenss. = Oestrogen also inhibits the secretion of FSH by pituitary gland and stimulates the secretion of LH by pituitary gland, Estrogen juga menghsiang perembesan FSH oleh kslojor pitutari dan merangsang perembesan LH oleh kelenjar pita. Dayt4 = LH will stimulate ovulation Graafian folicie wil lease the ‘secondary oocyte UH akan merangsang pangovuen Folkal Graaf akan membebaskan ‘ost sekundor = LH wil stimulate the formation of ‘corpus luteum, [LH akan morangsang pengheslan opus tutoum. Day 15.28, = Corpus luteum will secrete progesterone and ogstrogen. Progesterone will maintain the Ihickness of endometrium! viens lining. Korpus leur akan marombaskan ‘progestoran dan estrogen. Progostaron akan mengekatkan ketebatan endomotrum / dinang utonss = Corpus luteum wil degenerate and reduce the secretion of progesteren. ‘Kompus luteum akan merosot {den mangurangkan perombesan uterus lining wil start to disintegrate Menstrual cycle happens again. Endomelnum / dning uiorss ‘akon mule metus Ritar had ‘kan Dermula somal Biology Form 4 Ansvers SS (&) Suggestion 1 Cadangan 1 = Perform invito fertlsation/ IVF by taking out oocyte from ovary. ‘Melakukan persenyawaan in vitro dengan mengambl oostt sekunder dan oven. = Secondary oocyte is taken by using laparoscopy. Oositsekunder ambi dengan ‘menggunekan laparoskoph ~ Spotm and secondary oocyte are fertilised in culture medium, ‘Sperma dan oosit sokundor ‘dsanyawakan di datem medium ote = The zygole is alowed to grow to ‘an embryo! Zygole undergoes mitosis to form embryo, Zot dibenarkan berkombang ‘meryad embrio’rigot menjalan ‘miosis untuk membontak ombro. = The embryo is implanted into the uterus of biological mother (for couple 1). mono ctempe! ke dalam uterus ‘bv kandung (untuk pasangan 1) Suggestion 2 Cadangan 2 = Perform artificial insemination. Merylani pormanian beradas. = Collect sperms (Irom husband) Lunt certain concentration Meogambi sperma (dan suami) dengan kepetatan yang tetany = Concentrated sperm) semen laced in uterus of wife. ‘Spermal air mani pokal detakkan dalam uterss ister = Ths will increase chance of fertiisation Menambarken pelvang persenyawaan. 2 + The baby will get more oxygen Bay! oxen mandapat lebih okzigon ‘This wil help the baby's lungs to develop wel Inv akan membantu peparu bay! berkembang dengan bak Pregnant mothers who smoke may give ‘bit to smaller babies and have higher chances of miscariages and stilbths, lov mengandung yang merokok Derkomunghinan molahirkan bay yang teh acl dan nsko mongalarn keguguran sonta bay! mau dalam kandungan adeiahtabin tng (© Peneroian Petangy San. Bhd.