THIET KE MUC TIEU DAY HOC THEO QUAN DIEM TIEP CAN MUC TIEU 1, Day hoc (DH) theo tiép cn muctiéu (TCMT) la matquan diém,m thé phuong phép hay mot phutong . phép an DH (thuéc pham trd phuong phép). Thi pham tri phuong php, nén DH theo TCMT cting la con duéng, ld cdch t6 chic cdc hoat dong day valhoc Git6imyctigu day hoc (MTDH). Song diém nhén cla DH theo TCMT [a G tu tudng thiét ké cac hoat dong DH, theo déMTDH via [a trung tam, via la dich cén dat! dc khdu cla qua trinh thigtké va tién khaihoat d6ng day vahoat déng hoc. Méhinh DH bémén/hoc phan theo TMT chinh m6 hinh v8 méilién hé va chi phéiln nhau oa ode thanh t6 co ban cla qua trinh DH: MTDH, néi dung DH, phuong phép day hec (PPDH), phuong tign day hoc (PTDH), t8 chtic cac boat déng DH va kiém tra, danh gid két qua DH, trong 46 MTDH la trung tam, chiphdi cdc thanh t6 khdc. Mé hinh DH bé mén theo TCMT trong dao tao nghé nghiép c6 thé mé ta theo so dé sau day: Binh gi tga hoc tip So‘dé 1.1 Mé hinh DH b6 mén/ hoc phén theo TCMT (miitén dim mé té cdc moi quan hé chink) ThS. PHAN TH) HAI VAN" 2. Khao sat ITU (Introduce Teach Utilize) va Blackbox é xay dung MTDH, c6thé sit dung khdo sét ITU, trong dé c6 cae chi dé ca chun dau ra cla bé mén/ mon hoe. Ging vien (GV) én xéc dinh mén hoc cla minh c6 bao gom chi dé nay hay khong, néu cothi o mite 66 nao: gigi thu (Intoduce), ging day (Teach) hay sitdung(Utize) Trongkhdo sat Blackbox, méimén hoe duoc xem nhu la mét hp den, chi quan tam dén dau vao va dau ra. GV can xac dinh adi véi dau vao, 8 hocmén hoc nay sinh vign (SV) cn cokién thi, Kinding (KN), théid6givamén hoo nao da cung cap cho ho (day chinh ld dig kién tén quyét). Bdivdidéu ra, GV cn xao inh xem hoc xong mén hgc SV cén dat duge nhing kién the, KN, thai di va kha nang van dung vao cuge ‘s6ng san xuat nhu thé nao, Tird6, GV sé xdc dinh can giang day nhing kién thi, K 2.1. Xay dung edy muc tibu (MT).Cay MT amét pham tri thude li thuyét hé théng. Bat ki hé théng nao cing c6 thé phan chia thanh cac phan hé. Ma phan hé ge dc tring bdi mét MT bé phan. Cac MT bd phén nay céquan hétuong tc trong vie thuchién MT ola Cay MT thé hign tinh fién tyc ti ting thé a coy thé, tir hua chinh xéc (chung) dén chinh xa¢ (MT do dém <6uo0). Chang han cay MT gido dye dugo mé tanhursau: Myc dich cla he théng gido duc MT chung cia chuong tinh 896D-8T S06 2.1. cay mT 6g quat vé giéo duc wre “tt [| Stina te Ki thugt Vinatex TP. Ho Chi Mink ing Gling vido Ting Cao ding (Thang 3/2015) Tap chi Gido duc S6 DAC BINT |109__ CayMT nay thé hign rdtinh lién tuc va sy quan he ln nhau gia céc cap bac MT tt téng quan dén cy thé. N6 cling cho biét trach nhiém thiét ké va quan fi cc cp d6 MT. Nguti truc tigp thyc thi gido dc la ngudi day. Ngudi day sé thiét ké cac MT trung gian (MT mén hoc —> MT cde chuong, phan —> MT céc baihoc cy thé hoc MT cac hoat déng...). Trong khi thidtké cdc MT nay, GV phainghién ciu céc MT cap do tren, 5 Co thé xay dung cay MT dao tao nghé nhu: ‘Mc ach cae théng ay ahs Bois ging. vangbini axa ->| ty IMT chung eda kung chuong tanh dey nghé ty BO LBTBE GtHade Trueng day nghé ty MT trung glan | Giang vién S0d6 2.2 Cay MT mé td céc giai doan xay dung MT day nghé MAiMT lan trén laigém nhidu MT con, chang han: va m6 ta MT. MT cua dao tao nghé nghiép la cackién thite, KN vathai dé theo Chuan ci nghé nghiép ma ngudi duge dao tao phai chiém fint Bthychién cdc céng vige, nhigm vucua nghénghiép Diéu quan trong la lam thé ndo dé xac dinh dug, ding cac céng vige, nhigm vy nay va cdc KN, kiér thite cén day cho ngudi hoc. C63 cach lam nhu sau = Quan satngudihanh nghé Kim viéc trong méitruén, th kign mOtdanh sch céng vie, nhiém vu di kign va ly ykién g6p jtwnhing ngudi lan nghé;-T: chtic hdithao phan tich nghé do cac chuyén gia lant righé tham gia. Bay a phurong phap phan tich nghy DACUM da ap dung khi xay dung chong trinh da tao nghé theo tiép cn nang lyc thyc hién. Triétlicda DACUM la: - Chinhimg ngudigidingh: ‘méi cé thé mé ta nghé cila ho mét cach chinh xac = Cach hiéu qua dé dinh nghia mét nghé la mé t hing céng vige ma nguéi hanh nghé thuchién;- Mc céng vide déu déi hdi ning kién thuic, KN, cong cuv thaid6 nhat dinh méicé thé thuc hién dugc. Khai nigm céng viée duge din nghia ka mot do vivigc kam ma thy thuge vao tinh chat cla nghé s a Mét ban than pham; - Mot quy@t dinh; - Cac teu chi dé dénh gi c6ng viée edn théa man yéu cu: + Cy thé; + C6 th gidm sat duge; + C6 thé thy hign dc lap d6i voi ca ng vige khadc; + Co thé gém hai hay nhiéu thao ta (bude); + Cé quy trinh rign IMT khung chuong tinh Diet; + C6 thé duoc thyc hié trong métthdigian han ché, C6 did khdi dau va digm ki i thie; + Thé hién m@t don » TMT hung chang TMT Khang chang TT Whungehuong] vie lam c6 thé phan con tinh cho nom nghé wen chonhamnahe tanh chonhomegné | Auge. z Ei DémotaMT, cothé thar Kindo each phan loai cdc mi £ ye of eats 3 d§ cia MT va cach viet M MT wT MT Mr MT MT Mr wt | fw | cia B.J, Bloom nhusau: xer mnon || mon |] mon {| min || mon |} mon |] men |] man |] min | pang rang bé) brea eee Ulead His (Fal | ea Pace || Khai nigm “MT gido du do B.J. Bloom khdi xuéng ! hing nam 1950 do yéu cé vé danh gid higu qua dao ta: ie Ma Lice N6é nhanh chong td than Se — tad cng cyl ludn, tao tién 48 da ra cach tié cia gido dye, d6 a gido duc bar wr | [owt ][ mr ; MT. MT gio duc phai ba ait || baiz || bain | Sodd23. Cay MT gém: MT nhdn thiéc, MTKE métdcacMT rung gian WAT thai dé. 110| Tap chi Giao duc 86 DAC BILT (Thang 2/201Bang 2.1 Phin loai MT theo B..8i00m toa béntrongnhung van MIT] gar idn ras (nian tha} IMT Kinang anh 6n9) tT mai g6 tin cimy | khéng ¢6 duce chat i lugng bén ngoai., Vi ar mn DELIA md Wane RHTChaE Un w GuceTan [Driving Wepre Co | Vay 46 "sn pha cae svt nén tong mong qua | dng, oat cong ieo mau chi mong muén ham gatos | cua nha truéng dap Cae qth vga, heh Ram ac | din so ehep ap rude, mey | ategcch ev chd Gm mtang | img nhu cu cla suo, Rl ifm ban dus | moe. Lam vis thu dng rng nda 6k ing. | UPN CE | 1 [tat dg VO. May el das ci 40 un, | VO: Chuy rghe ging nai | doanh nghigp, vige | * |vo:wstd aise mernen wena, | aing in ye due aitay” | hang eng phat, ann | thiét KB MTDH pha 4 hode phat pidu avec matdnh | 30, c6 8 c0 anibu ch cha | ja 4p dung quan diém > | ghia, Khai niém, ‘chinh xac...theo thao tac mau tiép ‘can MT nhu da a GV ing en ep can MT THE Teh yg GN GET ain ge in GE Og | Uapg WO REV |. inh bay dé. 4, [ang tin onit dc tung cia su] wge nh hung din nhung chu | nung cua ce panes ala vat Nim doe tin chit mi quan} uin the, con thao dng te | YD" co rach ahem vo cng] Tal ligu tham Khao 2 | nb. cia thn ti hue tha ___ | vgc,¢6 tham gia vant luan..| 1, Burke John W. VD: Hiu doc Sh chit - nda eda | VO: May dig ci 6 do dating | v8 mat vin a8 44 duce nahe | Competency Based 339 9 a cb chirg| mag ip aig Seren trong tue Yan cung. CO Wii ring @ dang | Lam chink aa tye Wién cing |Ohle einiuoag @@ WEWen| Training, First vin te hoe rv kn the | vgs mt eich chun dc, Kring | uve quan dim riéng. Thé] published 1989. This kha phat tap hon, van dung ring | cd thao d6nq tée thia. Hinh|hién chinh wn cot lé thyét) edition published in hop chung voting io lg. CO han nr, rng en | ph the Taylor &: Francis, | kh nag van dng With oi | png de Kv wong uy tna] YO: Nan mc tng bo] OT pene 008, quyét 1 nhigm vu nhan thic hod | thuc hién céng vie. v6 c@i dung, ‘a tye VO: May duge cf ao deo, chin 2. Nguyén Van Khoi VO. i then ave hin tong a |x = Nguyén Van Binh, hon duce Sai vi Hh hop Phuong phip ludn van dung cong te on, i Prine ae, |B Wp Ue Wa Toe] NEN cay ham san dize cdc su ilo. Win dung | hin eg vie wong et in ve | ng ec TS eh, at. NXB cae quy Ut guy ching | hoanednh ke mau, Tu phin | uln dune rgd tc hoe su phar Ha Not 4 [gman be cdc sven ia thin cde yéu th hop U,|VD: T6 chic phi hap ee] 2007. Yenc ce ci dn |g oat dng pongo 3. Madeleine Roy, ap va lao ng nghtnghigp. Th] VD: May duce 6 op, choh : hign me 6 am eh, hid Bt s8| xc. tong déu Ken may mc re ee sie vb lién te ong Ltt od a ur pham tung tie - Tg hop. Koa quit Gigs cde [Lam tudn te: Thuc Wen cing | D> tang hoa, chidh ank:| Mt tiép cn khoa trong hop nieng a8 nd in mot| vgs we 0 chink vac va te db | thé én eae vung, bin séc| hoc than kinh ve hoc itu chung, cao, gam thu sy tham gia cia | iéng. va day. NXB Dai hoc 5 |VO: Téng hop cac van dé, sy vat | y thuc ‘VD: C6 niém tin va y chi ben Oc gia He NG hign twang trong hoat dng, nghé | VO: May c6 ao dep, chinh xac | vong, thie ty giac, nh than] IOC Bia Hi : ‘nghigp. Tné hign muc dd tam chi, | ma knéng cén nn not vol tha] rach nhiém cao. 2005. iu i stu sb bn te ganngin 4. Doan Thi Minh Banh od: 6 phn wi, gut Trinh -Nguyén Quée ua chon bung: vn dang ede Chin - Npuyén Few 6 | nguyén li, nguyén tac da hoc of Lo. Ph: Co hn teh so sn gil php ny vl Oe - Phem Cong Sil ghip Wo (6 iy I Bling - Peter J.Gray ~ Thiét ké MTDH theo quan diém tiép can MT la bute quan trong nhat, cé anh huGng tdi cde bude khac va quyét dinh dén chatluong DH. Néu khéng co ‘suttring khdp gia MT dao tao cua nha trudng (chat yang bén trong) véiinhu cau eta thi trusing lao dng (chat lugng bén ngoai) thi di nha trudng co o6 gang dén dau dé dam bao két qua dat duoc cao MT da dé ta ma san pham cla nha trudng van khong duoc ngudi st'dung chap nhan, nghia la nha trudng co thé: H6 Tan Nhyt, Thiét ké va phat trién chuong trinh dio tao dap ting chuiin du ra, NXB Dai hoc quéc gia TP. Hd Cht Minh. 2012. SUMMARY The authors focus on depth analysig of designing goals of leaching under the perspective of targeted approach. It is an important step affecting the differ ent stcps and decisions on the quality of teaching, especially for vocational training for students in vo" cational schools in the current period. (Thang 8/2015) Tap chi Giao duc $6 DAC BIET|™