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    26 views6 pages

    22 Can Science Create Life

    Uploaded by

    Puscasu Marin

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 6
    CAN SCIENCE CREATE LIFE? AA British scientist who accidentally produced life in his laboratory made a discovery nobody wanted. By Pel Thence [iets me ee iat are aes wamica a aceon Serpe ay ies cormorant Pe gece Mile Sn omy waruore cm eos ener Sere Seas Saeaees Svageaernnts an he state, Then, ponessing 2 steady if Modest income, “Crosse devoted whatever he could afer to the sadly OF science wich had bee is pasion Since boyhood (rots was seal inflcacd in his ‘aly seat career bythe poneet ectisan George John Singer What % Ste ean ca anaes ‘ad been the music hall in Crosse Mansion was converted into a Iaboratory. The gan at was aid house vatey of ela! squipent (coe large deve cada cada. Tue catoned is engraving: “Fig il Saree oe None not me tongere—do 201th me) Beeen 607 and 187 Sige aad ‘Crome stung yards and yar of cone Be it ver he wounds of teats ‘Wit thi gan atenne the to able to conduct powerful ha St tmombere dearcty io tee ieirtoy hee ty toed ae Se, bebavior tnd characters, ‘Dut Singer ed in (rose without mento. ot ina col 1: ice wih natura sce mite. Fig. combined win nad oneal ino? actly ceased hie esearch forthe et 20 years His scenic peers id nt het fom (Grose agin oul 136. That pear be ‘ts ivited 10 speak to the ‘Beti Atoction forthe Advascemect ot ence assembled fa Brinal He the formation of rk sta nex to electri, mierslogy ws Rs favorie pursuit’ While it) Brel, Crome’ alto dewonsrned htm. roverestt on the design of the ‘otal ile and shared his data om at ‘mosphere eerily The Assocation was impesed expecially ence Crone ‘Rl sgh inthe comple Fret from his Biol tmp, rosie returned homeo Fyne Court to bepahis ost mous and controver- silexperiment He decided to combine his two favre studies and atempe to dacoer whee s weak erent of dee. wt would affect the formation of ‘ysl of sea out of ston outed hydrochloric ai unl the ‘elution was supersaturated. He bull x mahogany frame to Bold the component of hi epermest, Oa {he top thal Crosse put large bala containing the acca gud. By ‘meas of spo sme he a as Sipboved down othe net shell where ‘Tunnel vas owned In the oneal Was chon of raturl oxide of ron, ‘bined from the slges of Mount Vesuvius. "AS the ‘luton slowly App onto the sone, th oro ar {ace of the reck seated up Attached toeach def the dampened rock were lina wits wich were conse ts Foner Chamber’ bok Vesiges ante ‘ate Darwin, et Acar ents fone of Crose's mull bates. [clow the spout of the nel was ‘othr far which aupe te eee ge {4 ripping of the sone. The excess ‘ould te returned tothe op basi ‘Alter 1 days white ots appeared on the upper surface of the electrified one, directly beneah the dripping Diese of Manne. By the 18th day the ots tad grown into sonal exer ‘ences with dd hae flaments al ‘ver them. After 6 days the coal ob Jess had become recognisable a mites Gn the 2th day the miter detached ‘hemselves frm the sone aad moved ‘atound of thelr own vltion. Andrew Crosse was amazed, He had observed ‘ei developaen daly bet when ty showed powers of locomotion. and ‘hunger he wa stunned indy were ia fa ale tamination unde 2 ens revealed thatthe minute eeture were Cah legal epimers ofthe genus Aes (oday wie called crim). When ‘over 100 of thee Acar came off Stone Crosse reali tat here was, phenomenon beyond be Know edge ot He id tw thing First, he repeated his experiment in ode to ola the sient ingredient noted for the ‘evelopment of more Acari. Secon, he contacted his newiyaet sient cae leegues for" help i anaiying ‘is ‘mysterious mites, Before Crosse foul Prepare acarefl saemest on the ap. bearance of the Aah The Western Gazette got hold of the story remature, Imceente stores roke bout the ran who ha ested Ining ‘aerials and a seamagined resin “He wasattacked fom pulps aos the » ‘managed te rena objecive a pbc pinion raged around hia. He never hime to have create fended, hs Sat pe wafer assigning Among thote who fist examin specie ofthe Acar were Si Richard nen, Hustrian Profesor a the Cal lege of Surgeons in. London, and William CU, conservator of the ‘museum ofthe same college: Me, Clit Ilda conversion a he Repl la, ‘ton on February 7, 1837, andthe ‘cri were the mala tems on spay ‘Asainple acon preserved scot, ‘nas sen othe Academe der Senet in Paris where was studied by the Noted microveopit PI. Tei, Jn the meanine, Crosse coined is research ino the ogi of he Acar ‘The mites were being called varonly Acer Cress, Acont Elcrias Of Gatvanics. Cross eliminated the ac and stone om hit appara od fond could produce Acer rom solutions ‘of potassium siete by pasa elec ty, through the ligid. A ayer of eatinous sles would colect on the Sites and the mites would deveop ia this gelatin ke bad. Siee the rt sere always santo develop gradually Beneath the sutaceo Ing in the appaats could not be con. sidered valid. Cros atfuly cleaned of his equipment by baking Hot ‘eshing i Dechgmmrbiens = Trot tery eoteerermmee ose rca Richipertaee oa et Soret me ots eel nai dene Sarareatens i a me nea Sa FATE sts) conviction that advance of Knowledge hase tendeny to subvert find. destroy the p Felon yet he refieetion al United Sites were unanimously sep. ‘ea. Although no hit of ftaud ever mas atached to Andrew Crosse, the ‘reall epiion wat that Crowe had ttade some ertor or overlooked sme ‘Spec othe experiments which would Soil for he eparans of Aer ‘Except for personal fiends of Crosse, scents associated theese fom the dear "Nocoubx many were duel by the caperenc of Michael Faraday Pareday ‘wi preset at Clits meting with the Royal estat of Great Brain when the Acer! were presented. Unreliable enters ofthe Bish pee ceustd por to the effect that Faraday told (ot sein Acar developing duty is (en seca experimen. This canard ‘eas quickly refuted by Prada in ter fo many papers and. journals, Including the Literary Caste andthe Times. The alse sation of Fada sith the Acari might have ben org "ep had it wot been predominaly featured by Harriet Martineau a het snidey rad book 4 History of the Thinty Years Peace (189). Maines evi several pages to Andiew Crome nd the Acai controversy, epesting the ‘pocryphal story of Faraday Acar, Gn Apr, 180, Michael Faraday ote diel to Marines, advising er that theory was i ere. The CCAN SCIENCE CREATE LiFe? uth acknowledged the eror but to this day i reain inthe modern ed tions of Marina's story, ‘The microscopic aaa by Turpin ida to Crone’ repuaion, The ofthe salution the Acar ed wed red ina manner conse, {cat wit other members of the spec They Ived oaly unl the fest font yhch as invaciby tal to every ‘Trp’ repon, published in Volume V of the Comps Rend, adnited the carte examined wat ab ous end ever before catalogued ‘ype, Turpin ‘Ruse here dere Hots fr them. The mites were. apparently ‘eles, et verve ight. Foe mite bodied two sections, head and abdomen, Mature specimens bad eight legs bt some examples remened fro hele selution ad nly Tis cluractrisic & ot enkown among. ‘Acari as inmate mites of the ‘cara Sro uso beg ie with gs ‘nd later develop another pai “Tupin'sexceleat engraving shows the Aca covered wih long fie a (rouse describe thee fants aap ‘eating before tee rother eure ‘Turpin remarked that he knew of no ther pe of Acuna which poses ‘uch lengthy and abundant flamene ‘By 1839 twas apparent to Crowe thats enrique inte aot ihe Acar tet forcing: Aine tite open oi tee co Besjamin ‘Silliman, “ede ofthe “American Journal of Scene snined ip the cotservateatade when ae (ered, We cansot bebe tae ‘Ec orpniton hve be produc Oy ‘ante power” ‘rome dd st et the dein. Indeed, be fe 0 tony te eas of i 'dicovery tat he shcooned Dl and reared to te ene Scusion of br Somer ete ‘Tirouphot the Lar and upto hs death fa 138, Crome cond ‘Satie wort He made import Sin towed ihe apa the staining ater ad wad the knowidge of how dea Sted hoagie and gd “The ‘crt tad bowpht Crone thing at raion bt ewe inetosee nate a roe tc om Movers aed give an early new Semon al Tet Wii Heny We MD. themunkipal decor ete tors of Sadi Ket eps odpcae ine eprint Crouse iad performed Ireyeaneariee Werke wast oe 2 ining 0 by rah tion he som we he le "acer even Scene ‘Wests a more pecie expec than Grose hd eo ena of ‘Sent curacy Wek no eit {he Acar was tigeroulyconsaed Week sled beste of pin set uner aga bel He educa bs trough an arg {asker dtd valet noe low peso esepe th bt wold ot allow aio enter. Weekes connect the lads to his Baery and left the eve aloe. He made observations at ‘gla intervals to check on the Se ‘omposiion ofthe sete solution. ta Weekes jar 10 months Daou to ‘ovenber 14 aped before the iat Acor appeared. Five were ietied ‘sawing around quite itincy onthe Interior ofthe as, “Tocacde ay posibityofexermal ‘comtmination Werks ried other novel sarangenea In one ese eed sere ‘vyee intead ofa unde the el and sil produced Acar. On snother occa. sion be wed pcoaous hydtofeorc ‘d'un chlorine gu The fest was Perfectly formed bt lees Aco Curouly "suggestive result wre bane by Weekes in his nperinene He observed dune ans inthe fore ation of Acar begining as eye fine, ter tc owes no men-beaing cones Finally became itingushabe andthe cera spayed he it spas of ie. Weches found thatthe higher the proportion of ‘carbon in the chemial he wed the fetter numberof cert which {sopeated. Whes he conrniied an spparatas identical oss step bt mite be elect he obi “The ests oF W.H, Weekes exper- snes tba ll Iti the Procedingr ofthe London ketal Sci. (This sae body had ‘rind Crose's report in 1837) Ase {fom minor notes, the work of Weekes i ot atrac be testo ofthe world ‘n the way Crove's ad ‘There wa ‘modest cottage nthe self ours ‘als bat no publ denuncaisns of Weekes were bead. FATE Luts known shout Wim Heary ‘Weeks aie fom bs ae are ies. Det ofthe doctor's Ue arse ‘bay that even the dt of hs death octal: appease ded 1847, Sandwich hetremerbered fo accep, ing the post of muscipl doctor and ‘ile midwife of St Mary’ par for ‘ee toney tha hiscoleagocs would Gent. Daring Meine Wesker Published 20 siete papers dealing ‘with “meteorology, elecricity and Paeanatis Ti deol Cc and Neve ‘tring angen lash 6 {he besoin ofthe set theory ‘of even. The controvery of 1857 ‘ve the Acerca othe station of sn. Edioburghpoblisher, Robert Canter. Chambers had siding interest in natural try andthe Aco far suggested to in hat thee ight be physical nonin) onpins of te: Chambers cae ade Andrew rose a sa an a's sat (Cotte recived favorable etion 1, Chambers" Ednborgh magasine and ‘ser was menoned again Chamber? The Book of Ds (88, 1p 18k anonymously authored ‘ook ented Pegs ofthe Natural History of Creation appeaied. This beck propounded be hoy hte on ath war much older than the ‘honology of the Bitlewoul allow. further postulated, various asl seat hg Sveloped nto the at ray of formas "at now coer theca, Like Dari ‘magnum opus The Oris of Spelt (G15), Yeti was denounced ts the ork of an iacortigble sth. One Famous reviewer, St David Brewster ssidof Veigesand authors" Were CAN SCIENCE CREATE LiFe? wwlting to charge our author with & ‘ystematle attempt fo underine foundations of natural and revealed we boul cary the ‘Tis isreminicent of the charge—of ‘og a mate and seifamagingd ‘Sealor—that ass vebeteny baad Crome The author of Vege tuned out 19 ‘be Robert Chamber nan xy edtion of his book Chambers mates cb {efereaces to Crowe's xperincn it ‘chapter called "Vexign of Crestive Ew” the Acai ae ied a eigen {aie cn result om combinations of chemicals under the stun oft satura ore lke etry. The fat ‘ons of Vesties inci a ies two leters fom W. H Weekes esrbcg his work with the ear since ‘ns last reports othe Londo Elected Society Realing the skeptics hers aguas the Acar, Chambers wrote, “tt his new preseatmeat ofthe Ass, {rosa shal ti excite tide Ta ‘nly reget the ssood of mind fame Sibi caer Sect es ae Exaneratae ae Exesoveerace Epoecuneengine Eoemesatae mares FuSaasaat ‘arouy cause i no: posopicl and Wherefore deserves no consideration” By the fourth elton of Peniger (1840), Coambers had prea amended ister nstead ofthe eutows apport the above pass, bei out al. acceptance ofthe vat of the Acard rufa creatures and hide the ‘cictie community fori conned dlsregard of this “mat inerening ‘hapterof nature's mjtrea™ By the time Rober Chamber fly Fly conde an honorable foeraaer of Darwin 1s fact that in eons of Veet ‘sued afte 145 references to Crosse Weekes and the Acar have bee ite out Whether ts wat to maketh book Ser more scent and eco) simpy to hea oe pose, no ont weer dota saint imcianenate Se eee Stceirarece pet roid Egeneaitee Emianas Sone Setaas iecSsies Seca Same nana eae ee a Leet vious and widely ackaowedged. What ‘Seven more interesting, rom he post (of view of Aairew Crone’ etper= ‘ment that Darwin van devoted feader ofthe works of Harit Mase nea He read vo fever than at of ter books between November 1842 tnd ‘Acgust S2. As the Faraday debacle ‘showed, Cotes amaor prt of Mar: {inea's Book. V ia A Ftary of the Thiry Years Pesce. ‘Allis raises some antazng ques tions. Darwin must have know about the dco: What ile hk of thea How much credence did he give to ‘en? Did Darwin, however finly, sider the Acer a evidence that le ould crigiate in a purty physical Fashion iisirnia nk that Darwin say have been the iheror of the burden oF vtuperation for knpious ‘materialim ir pul upon Ande Cro and Robert Chambers From Crowe, to Wee, 19 Mariacat, 10 ‘Chambers, 19 Darwin—the unwanted ‘Acar may tavesontbuted more 19 ‘iene thin mat people realise, “Anirew Crone ed July 61833, ahoneinhis ona te His sod wife (Cornea Burs Crowe publi small ‘ook ax his ero years ter. eas filed. Memory Slenific and {teary of Andrew Crowe, the Ei ‘rein ake Yas folowing i eth, (Crosse became sctnlerendary fiat in his neighborhood: he wa femembered at the thunder aed lightning am” He les buried inthe sfurchyard of St. Mary's chapel in Broomfield. The tone abesk which ‘marks hs grave sald to ave teen strock by ighting twice although biher more acebletrgetsare ne ‘by. Cra gui absurd et bere FATE it because itis absurd) Eve if we divegard the anomalous stence of the dear, 3¢hiory tad Science have done, the cotrveny lavohing Andew Cron was So off ‘ales ‘examples of the ‘Kind of ‘oofronation incressiegy common today: namely, the event 10 wich ‘siene can intrude onthe meal and ‘elgious belts of soe. How fat should we allow scene to 90 in Penetrating the soces of le? Pace ‘were no eat answers la Cros’ day Ad there are none today ‘What were the te origins of the Acari Dep he rpid advance of cence lwo the world of DNA aod gene cogiceing (worlds. Andiew Grose ‘ever dreamed ot stil cade Inpossite 10 crete ving, compe ‘organi trem simple chemicals by ‘ean of electricity. In 1836 bicloptt A.C. Oudemans xplained the Acar! of Crosse and ‘Weekes as an nestaon othe odioary Gheophogus domestics which sah Denia semingly beret sealed ‘omtainers. This theory has ben aur facing petodicaly ever snc 1837 bu le reported observations of Cross Weekes and other witness Maly ule it out The Acart were play sen fo develop under the arta te sale Solutions. alwaye onthe eatteat. Carrying wees. Once emerge rom the Sidhe Acar woul rowel they fe Dick in. Enbibiting ‘characters unique to themselves, the Ae cannot be explained away at common rites, faulty observation, bad techque ot {aud "The only aa to duplicate (Crosie'sexperinens, Dr, Wee, ss: ‘seeded No doubr hi work aso canbe CAN SCIENCE CREATE LIFE? amie as fay by the shee. The Mernaive ie jst too disurbiag 19 ‘aterain. And who would dream of rouble replat the expe iment tay? (Of the Acar, nothing remais exept ‘he papers desing therm, None of the ry ‘names bestowed om them survive ia ‘oder biological nameacature, not ven Tupn's crashed Te fate the Acari sya of what nape Pens 10 a discovery no one realy Want is conigned 10 hoy’ tsi and orga 7 ‘MALVA DEE “Canada’s Lesa 5 | ONG Mew orca % rsrenouctnr swe shanti hk in ADVERTISE IN FATE. a Eeoncnney reo L__nietiond Past 8 ces “<= | COUPES erg ots Let me help you ena contro ‘and uncertantyin your life will ‘veal keys tha can brighton yout future with abundent fove, ow rospely and greater 28st Send {gry tte POSTAL READINGS BROCHURE wich explain oy PREY. BRIAN SEABROOK P.O. Box

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