DPKP

BIDANG KEAHLIAN TEKNIKA

(ATT-I) TINGKAT MANAJEMEN

1. Mengelola pengoperasian peralatan mesin pendorong

(Manage the operation of propulsion plant)

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1. A medium speed diesel engine is used to drive a controllable pitch propeller through
a suitable clutch and reduction gearbox. What should the propeller blade attitude
normally be after the engine is started and before the clutch can be engaged?
a. The blades should be in the zero thrust position.
b. The blades should be in the zero pitch position.
c. The blades should be in the full ahead position.
d. The blades should be in the full astern position.
2. A non-reversing medium speed diesel engine is used to drive a controllable pitch
propeller through a pneumatic clutch and reduction gearbox. The engine has been
tested and brought up to operating temperatures on engine control. Which of the
options given would be the preferred status of the engine and associated equipment
when it is handed over to bridge control?
a. Engine running, clutch disengaged,
propeller at zero thrust.
b. Engine stopped with clutch disengaged and
propeller at zero thrust.
c. Engine running with clutch engaged and
propeller in ahead position.
d. Engine stopped with clutch disengaged and propeller in zero thrust position.
3. A vessel's main propulsion system consists of a pair of medium speed diesel engines
driving a single controllable pitch propeller through clutches and coupled through a
reduction gearbox. What is the preferred sequence to follow when going from two
engine to single engine operation? Assume engine A is to be stopped and engine B
is to continue running
a. Pitch to zero thrust, reduce speed to idling
speed, disengage clutch of engine A,
increase speed of engine B and propeller
pitch as required. Stop engine A after
suitable cooling period.
b. Pitch to zero thrust, disengage clutch of
engine A, increase speed of engine B and propeller pitch as required. Stop
engine A after a suitable cooling period.
c. Disengage clutch of engine A. Stop engine A after a suitable cooling period.

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d. Stop engine A and check that clutch automatically disengages and governors
for both engines operate correctly for testing purposes.
4. Most medium and high speed engines for marine use operate on the four stroke cycle
and use direct admission of compressed air into the cylinders for starting purposes.
During which part of the cycle does start air admission normally take place?
a. The first part of the expansion (power) stroke.
b. The latter part of the expansion (power) stroke.
c. The first part of the air induction stroke.
d. The latter part of the expansion stroke.
5. The overspeed shutdown is to be tested on a high speed four stroke diesel engine
driving through a pneumatic clutch. The overspeed protection is provided by a
solenoid operated dump valve in the governor servo system activated by an electrical
signal from a small synchro motor. What is the preferred method of testing such a
shutdown?
a. With the engine off load manually increase
the governor speed setting until the
shutdown operates, reduce the shutdown set
point if necessary.
b. With the engine on a high or full load
suddenly disengage the clutch.
c. Reduce the set point so the shutdown
operates at normal engine speed.
d. Use a crowbar to lever the governor linkage to full fuel with the clutch
disengaged and engine off load.
6. Which of the following conditions will block the starting signal for the air start
system of a medium speed diesel engine which is being used for main propulsion
purposes?
a. Clutch engaged.
b. Valve rotators not operating.
c. Low jacket cooling water temperature.
d. Low start air pressur

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7. A large 2 stroke engine is normally controlled from the bridge during manoeuvring.
In this type of automated control for the starting system what would normally cause
the 'Engine Failed to Start' alarm to be activated and to lockout starting from the

bridge?
a. 3 failed start attempts.
b. A single failed start attempt.
c. Low start air pressure irrespective of the number of failed start attempts.
d. 3 failed start attempts if the start air pressure had fallen to less than a set value.
8. During operation of a large slow speed diesel engine it is sometimes necessary to
changeover from heavy fuel oil to diesel oil, for example before manouevring. How
should this procedure be carried out?
a. Gradually to prevent gassing up of
the fuel system due to overheating
the diesel oil as it mixes with the hot
heavy fuel oil.
b. As quickly as possible to reduce
HFO consumption.
c. As quickly as possible to reduce
steam heating requirement.
d. As slowly as possible to reduce diesel oil consumption.

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9. In large 2 stroke diesel engines with oil cooled pistons it is normal practice to
maintain circulation of the cooling oil for a period after the engine has stopped. Why
is this done?
a. To remove residual heat from the
pistons and avoid any coking of the
trapped oil.
b. To allow the piston cooling oil to
cool down..
c. To allow the piston cooling oil pump
and motor to cool down gradually...
d. To help keep the engine warm.
10. What is the correct operation of the slow-turning facility fitted to some large 2 stroke
main propulsion diesel engines?
a. Slow turning should be set to operate
automatically prior to engine start
when engine has been stopped for 20
to 30 minutes during manoeuvring
b. Slow turning should be set to operate
automatically every 10 to 15 minutes
when the engine is on standby.
c. Slow turning should be set to operate
automatically at finish with engines to allow the engine to cool down evenly.
d. Slow turning should be carried out immediately the duty engineer gets notice
of standby from the bridge.
11. When trying to reverse a large slow speed diesel engine in the astern direction it
cannot be turned on air even though it will start in the ahead direction. What is the
likely cause of this problem?
a. The start is blocked because the air distributor
has not moved to the astern position.
b. The automatic valve for the air start system has
jammed shut.
c. The reversing servo for the fuel pumps has stuck
in the ahead position.

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d. One of the cylinder air start valves has stuck open.

12. Why is an automatic slow turning feature included in the start air system of many
large 2 stroke diesel engines?
a. To avoid damage during start of the engine in case water or other liquid has
gathered in the cylinders during an extended stop.
b. To reduce the start air consumption during start up of the engine.
c. To fill the cylinders with sufficient fresh air to ensure a safe start of the
engine.
d. To check that all indicator cocks are closed before staring the engine..
13. A main steam boiler is to be shut down for an extended period. Which of the
following methods for the lay up is best suited to maintain the boiler in good order?
a. Lay the boiler up dry by draining all
of the water and fitting heaters in the
drums to prevent condensation
forming which may result in
corrosion.
b. Lay the boiler up wet with normal
working water level and chemical
treatment maintained.
c. Lay the boiler up dry by just draining all of the water and closing all the access
doors.
d. Lay the boiler up wet completely filled with clean distilled water with a slight
head on the steam drum to avoid any air pockets.
14. A second high pressure boiler is to be coupled to an online boiler supplying steam to
the main turbine. How is the superheater section of the second boiler normally
prevented from overheating during the period prior to coupling while raising the
steam pressure?

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a. The superheater vent valve is kept

open until the boilers are coupled to
create a steam flow.
b. The superheater safety valve is
manually opened to create a steam
flow.
c. The lift pressure of the superheater
safety valve is lowered to allow the
valve to lift and create a steam flow.
d. The superheater header drain valves are opened to create a steam flow.
15. During start up of a steam plant it is necessary to warm through the steam range prior
to use. How should this warming through be carried out?
a. Using the bypass/warming through
line for the main stop valve and with
all line drains open to ensure all
condensate is removed.
b. Crack open the main stop valve and
keep the drains open.
c. With the line drains closed to avoid
losing too much high quality water.
d. Open the bypass/warming through
valve and then fully open the main stop valve over a period of two minutes to
ensure the warming through is completed as quickly as possible.
16. Following complete shut down of the steam plant, the boiler has been heated in
accordance with the correct starting up procedure, and the steam pressure is rising.
What is the correct procedure to be adopted when opening the main steam valve to
the range?

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a. Use the main steam valve

bypass/warming through line to
gradually heat up the steam range
with the drains open before opening
the main valve.
b. Open the main valve as quickly as
possible to get rid of any water that
has collected in the steam range.
c. Don't open the main valve until the boiler reaches normal working pressure.
d. Open the main valve a little bit to allow the range to heat up.
17. What is the correct initial firing procedure to be adopted when bringing a main steam
boiler up to pressure from cold condition?
a. Start with intermittent firing, using
small firing periods and long
intervals gradually building up to
longer firing periods and shorter
intervals until steam pressure starts
to rise.
b. Start the firing on minimum rate and
continuously fire until boiler is up to
pressure.
c. Start the firing on maximum rate and raise the pressure in as short a period as
possible, to save energy.
d. Start the firing on minimum rate and alternate with maximum rate
continuously firing until the boiler is up to pressure.
18. Which is the preferred state to have the main turbine in while shutdown for a short
stay in port?

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a. Turning with the turning gear and

gland steam on.
b. All steam shut off with turning gear
switched off but engaged to 'lock' the
rotor in position.
c. Gland steam left on to keep the rotor
and casing warm and with turning
gear switched off but engaged to
'lock' the rotor in position.
d. Left with autospin operating to give periodic turning.
19. Maintenance is to be carried out on a diesel engine. How long after stopping the
engine should the cooling water and lubricating oil be kept circulating in order to
avoid any undue thermal stress from residual heat?
a. At least one hour.
b. 10 minutes is sufficient.
c. At least 8 hours
d. At least 24 hours.
20. The engine turns over normally when starting air is supplied but does not fire even
though normal starting rpm is achieved. What could be the probable cause to this?
a. Air in the fuel oil system.
b. The turning gear interlock has operated.
c. The lubricating oil temperature is low.
d. The turbocharger has not run up to normal full speed.
21. The main propulsion diesel engine is normally started by direct admission of
compressed air. Which one of the following statements is correct?

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a. A heavily leaking starting air valve

may cause an explosion in the
starting air pipe system.
b. The starting air admission should
continue until the engine has fired.
c. If the starting air pressure is too low
a pressurized oxygen bottle from the
welding equipment can be used for
an emergency start of the engine.
d. If the engine does not turn when the starting air is applied the turning gear
can be used together with the starting air to start the engine.

22. What is the purpose of the air distributor in a diesel engine air start system?
a. To ensure the cylinder air start valves operate
in the correct sequence and for the correct
period.
b. To ensure that the start air is distributed
equally to the each of the engine cylinders.
c. To ensure that the automatic valve in the air
start system opens and closes at the correct time.
d. To ensure the air consumption from each of the main air receivers is equally
distributed.
23. When starting air is applied to a diesel engine the engine fails to turn over but is seen
to oscillate back and forth. What is the most likely cause of this problem?
a. One or more cylinder air start valves are stuck open..
b. Starting air pressure is too low.
c. The automatic valve has failed to open.
d. An interlock is blocking the air to the starting air distributor.

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24. Which one of the options given is the most likely cause of a diesel engine failing to
turn on air when the start signal is initiated?
a. An interlock or blocking device in the
remote starting system is operating.
b. Start air compressor has cut out due to
sufficient pressure in system.
c. Slight leakage at the indicator cocks.
d. Auxiliary blower is operating.
25. A medium speed diesel engine, operating with a
pulse turbocharging system, has been adjusted to have good power balance. What
would the cylinder exhaust gas temperatures, relative to each
other, be expected to be?
a. plus or minus 30 degrees Celsius.
b. plus or minus 5 degrees Celsius.
c. plus or minus 70 degrees Celsius.
d. All cylinder exhaust temperatures should be equal if the cylinder power
balance is correct.
26. For a 4-stroke diesel engine, the exhaust gas from the funnel is seen to be white/light
grey in colour. Which of the options given is the most likely cause of this.
a. Water leaking into the combustion chamber.
b. Faulty fuel injection valve.
c. The engine is overloaded.
d. The engine is burning lubrication oil.
27. From the options given, choose the one most likely to result in a high exhaust gas
temperature in one cylinder of a four stroke diesel engine.
a. The inlet and exhaust valve tappet clearance is
incorrect.
b. Fuel injection valve opening pressure set too high.
c. Clogged nozzle holes in the fuel injection valve.
d. Faulty turbo charger.
28. The oils used for medium and high speed diesel engine lubrication usually have
alkaline additives which give the oil a Total Base Number of about 30 to 40 mg
KOH/g. Why is it necessary to have such a TBN for these oils?

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a. To neutralise the acids formed during combustion.

b. To counteract the effects of fuel leaking into the
crankcase.
c. To increase the load carrying capacity of the oil.
d. To allow operation of the engine on a variety of fuel
types.
29. What is the best method for ensuring that the cylinder powers of a high speed diesel
engine, fitted with a monoblock multi-cylinder fuel pump, are correctly balanced?
a. Have the fuel pump phased and calibrated in a test workshop.
b. Take a set of indicator cards using a mechanical
indicator and calculate the cylinder powers.
c. Measure the maximum pressure of each cylinder to
check that they are equal.
d. Check the exhaust temperatures on each cylinder to see if they are equal.
30. When checking the cylinder pressures of a 6 cylinder medium speed diesel engine it
is found that one of the cylinders has a high maximum pressure. What is the most
likely cause of this?
a. Fuel timing to that cylinder too far advanced.
b. Fuel timing to that cylinder too far retarded.
c. Fuel pressure to the engine is too high.
d. Exhaust valve on the cylinder with the high pressure is
leaking.

31. A power card from a slow speed diesel engine cylinder is abnormal with a low height
and the body of the diagram thicker than normal. What is the most likely cause of
this?
a. Fuel timing is retarded.
b. Partially blocked fuel injection valve.
c. Scavenge pressure is too high.
d. Fuel timing is advanced.

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32. An indicator card from a cylinder of a slow speed diesel engine shows a high
maximum pressure occuring earlier in the cycle than normal with a normal
compression pressure. From the options given, which action is most likely to identify
the cause of the problem?
a. Check if the fuel injection pump timing is correct.
b. Check if the fuel injection valve is partly blocked.
c. Check if the fuel viscosity and temperature are
correct.
d. Check if the fuel filters are blocked.
33. During inspection and calibration of a cylinder unit, the liner is found to be worn in
a cloverleaf pattern with maximum wear midway between the lubrication points.
What action is necessary to rectify the problem?
a. Increase the cylinder oil rate to neutralise the
corrosive action of the combustion products or
change to a more alkaline cylinder oil.
b. Reduce the jacket cooling water temperature
to avoid thermal stress of the cylinder liner.
c. Increase the jacket cooling water temperature
to avoid surface condensation of any acidic
products of combustion.
d. Contact engine maker for advice.

34. In a large, 2 stroke, main diesel engine cylinder lubricating oil is supplied directly
through lubrication points cut into the cylinder liner. At what point during the cycle
should the supply normally occur.
a. As the piston rings pass the lubrication points.
b. At Top Dead Centre.
c. At mid-stroke of the piston.
d. At Bottom Dead Centre.

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35. What type of lubricating oil is generally used for for cylinder lubrication on a large,
2-stroke diesel, main propulsion engine operating on heavy fuel oil?
a. Mineral based oil with high alkalinity and other
additives.
b. Straight mineral oil.
c. Synthetic oil.
d. The same oil as the main lubricating oil system
36. Why is it important that the correct tension is maintained in a diesel engine timing
chain?
a. Correct tension ensures that the chain and
associated equipment is within normal
loading limits.
b. Correct tension ensures that the fuel and valve
timing are correct
c. Correct tension ensures that there is
absolutely no vibration in the chain.
d. Correct tension ensures that the chain is
correctly lubricated.
37. Many marine steam boiler designs incorporate external "downcomers". What is the
main purpose of these downcomers?
a. To ensure adequate circulation in all boiler
operating conditions.
b. To provide extra support for furnace tubes.
c. To provide a flow path for the steam bubbles.
d. To increase heating surface area.
38. Many modern boiler burners operate with automatic modulating combustion control?
Which of the following is necessary to ensure high efficiency and low emissions
throughout the load range with this type of operating control?
a. High turndown ratio for the burner.
b. Shortened furnace pre-purge sequence.
c. Operation on distillate fuels.
d. Operation with an increased amount of excess air.

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39. What effect will a low operating temperature of the boiler feed water system have on
the condition of the feed water supplied to a high pressure boiler?
a. It will cause the amount of dissolved oxygen in the
feed water to increase.
b. It will cause the amount of total dissolved solids in
the feed water to increase.
c. It will cause the amount of chlorides in the feed
water to increase.
d. It will cause the pH value of the feed water to increase.
40. What is normally seen as the greatest risk when operating a high pressure, water tube,
steam boiler with an excessively high level of Total Dissolved Solids?
a. Foaming and carryover of water into the steam
range.
b. General corrosion of boiler tubes and fittings
c. Hard scale deposits on boiler tubes and fittings
d. Pitting corrosion at the water level in the boiler
water drum.
41. When operating a steam boiler burner unit what is the best method for evaluating that
the correct amount of excess air is being supplied to the furnace?
a. The reading from the flue gas oxygen analyser
b. The colour of the flame in the furnace.
c. The length of the flame in the furnace.
d. The colour of the exhaust leaving the uptake.
42. Why is it important to keep the condensate pH value within the correct range when
operating steam boilers?
a. To prevent corrosion in the feed system.
b. To minimise oxygen content in the feed waters.
c. To prevent sludge forming in the feed tank.
d. To minimise dissolved gases in the feed water.
43. A diesel engine is operating with retarded fuel timing resulting in increased exhaust
gas temperatures. How would you expect this to affect the turbocharger?
a. Increased turbocharger revolutions.
b. Decreased turbocharger revolutions.

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c. The turbocharger would operate normally.

d. Reduced air and gas temperature after turbocharger.
44. Spray painting has been carried out in the engine room while the engine was running,
and the turbocharger intake filter was not protected. Which one of the options given
is most likely to result from this?
a. Scavenge air pressure lower than normal.
b. Exhaust gas temperatures lower than normal.
c. Scavenging air pressure is higher than normal
d. The revolution of the turbocharger lower than normal.
45. The charge air pressure supplied to a diesel engine, which is normally 2.0 bar, is
reduced to 1.5 bar . What will be the likely effect on the engine operation?
a. The performance of the engine will be reduced noticeably.
b. The performance of the engine will be similar to normal conditions.
c. The cylinder cooling water flow will increase.
d. The turbochargers cooling water flow will increase.
46. The fuel injection timing of a diesel engine is delayed causing high cylinder exhaust
gas temperatures. What is the likely effect of this condition on turbocharger
operation?
a. Increased turbocharger revolutions
b. Decreased turbocharger revolutions
c. Continuous surging of the turbocharger
d. Vibration of the turbocharger.

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47. The image shows an indicator diagram taken from a diesel engine cylinder. Which
of the following options is the action most likely to identify the fault.?
a. Check if the fuel pump injection is
too early, or fuel pump lead is too
great, for that cylinder.
b. Check if the fuel injection valve is
partly blocked.
c. Check that the fuel temperature and
viscosity are correct.
d. Check the exhaust valve.
48. The majority of marine diesel engines operate with either a pulse or a constant
pressure turbocharging system. What is the main difference between these two
systems?
a. Constant pressure systems have all engine
cylinder exhausts connected to a common
large exhaust gas manifold.
b. Constant pressure systems only ever have
a single turbocharger irrespective of the
number of cylinders on the engine.
c. Pulse systems always have a turbocharger
for each group of three cylinders.
d. Pulse systems have all of the cylinder exhausts connected to a common large
exhaust gas manifold
49. The operation of a diesel engine is controlled by a mechanical-hydraulic,
compensated speed sensing governor. How will the governor control be affected if
the compensation needle valve is closed in and the engine load changes?
a. Engine speed control will be sluggish.
b. The governor will hunt resulting in erratic engine speed control.
c. A change in load will not affect a speed sensing governor.
d. Altering the compensation needle valve has no effect on speed control.

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50. The turbocharger on a diesel engine is surging. Which one of the following options
would be the most likely cause?
a. Dirty scavenging air cooler on the air side
b. Worn out bearings on the turbocharger
c. The lubrication oil pump is malfunctioning
d. Dirty rotor blades and nozzle ring.
51. The water cooling space on a turbocharger is damaged and there is no spare casing.
The cooling water must be shut off. Which option would you take to keep the risk of
further damage to a minimum?
a. Dismantle the rotor and assemble the sealing plates.
b. Run the engine at a lower speed.
c. Make no modifications, but tell the duty engineer to
pay special attention for abnormalities.
d. Cool the turbocharger by means of air.
52. What do you understand by the term Maximum Continuous Rating, MCR, of a diesel
engine?
a. The maximum load that the engine can operate at
continuosly.
b. The maximum cylinder pressure that the engine can
operate at continuously.
c. The maximum charge air pressure that the engine can
operate at continuously.
d. The maximum speed that the engine can operate at continuously.
53. When the vessel is operating in a tropical area with very high humidity, what action
should be taken to deal with the expected increase in condensate from the main diesel
engine's charge air cooler?
a. Ensure that condensate drains from the water separator
are monitored and operating correctly.
b. Decrease the scavenge air temperature to minimise the
condensate from the charge air cooler.
c. Increase the scavenge air temperature to minimise the
condensate from the charge air cooler.
d. Reduce the engine load to minimise condensate from the air cooler.

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54. Why is it important to reduce the diesel engine load during in service water washing
of the turbocharger gas side?
a. To prevent damage to the turbine blades
b. To reduce the air pressure to the water dosage pot.
c. To prevent overload of the turbocharger bearings.
d. To avoid cold corrosion of exhaust system.
55. Consider a vessel with a 6 cylinder main diesel engine
operating with one cylinder out of operation. What would you expect to be the
approximate maximum reduced engine load to allow safe emergency operation in
this condition?
a. Approximately 70 % of MCR
b. Approximately 50 % of MCR
c. Approximately 30% of MCR.
d. Approximately 90 % of MCR
56. In the event of a diesel engine crankcase explosion which of the safety devices fitted
to the engine is designed to minimise the risk of a secondary explosion?
a. Crankcase relief valves/doors
b. Crankcase oil mist detector.
c. Crankcase extraction fan.
d. Main bearing temperature monitoring equipment.
57. Prior to the lunch break, the Engineer on Duty observes that the operating generator
set has an output of 90%. With regard to operation of the generator, what is the - most
important - assumption(s) for him to check before switching to UMS-mode?
a. That a secondary auxiliary set is switched to
automatic standby mode
b. That all operating parameters of the generator set in
operation are normal (e.g. exhaust temp, lubeoil
pressure, cooling water temperature etc.)
c. Visually checking the auxiliary engine that there are no leaks or other obvious
operating failures
d. All parameters as listed under the other alternatives.

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58. The main engine is running steady with an average exhaust gas temperature of
approximately 350° C. What would be a typical alarml/slow down setting for the
cylinder exhaust gas temperature deviation from the average?
a. +/- 50° C
b. +/- 30° C
c. +/- 10° C
d. +/- 80° C
59. What is the main precaution to be taken prior to engaging
the turning gear for a diesel engine?
a. Isolate the starting air supply.
b. Open the indicator cocks.
c. Open the crankcase doors.
d. Transfer main engine control from control room to
emergency control console.
60. What is the normal slow down/shutdown temperature for the jacket cooling water
outlet from a diesel engine cylinder?
a. 95 - 98° C
b. 85 - 88° C
c. 75 - 78° C
d. 105 - 108° C
61. Which of the following options would be a typical differential pressure setting for a
main engine slow down in the event of jacket cooling water system low flow?
a. 0.2 to 0.5 bar
b. 1 to 2 bar.
c. 5 Bar
d. 10 Bar

62. Marine diesel engines are normally provided with automatic protection devices
which operate in the event of abnormal conditions arising. Why would medium speed
engines used for main propulsion normally only automatically slow down for certain
abnormal conditions but automatically shut down for the same conditions when used
to drive an alternator?

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a. Sudden total loss of propulsive

power may seriously endanger the
vessel. This is a greater risk than
engine damage.
b. The gearbox and clutch of the
propulsion system may be damaged
if the engine suddenly stopped.
c. The vessel could continue to operate
and manoeuvre without any electrical power at all as long as the main engine
is still running.
d. Since the engine used for propulsion would usually be bigger the sudden stop
would generate greater thermal stress which may damage the engine.
63. Medium and high speed diesel engines used for electrical generation duties on board
ship have overspeed protection devices fitted to protect the engine in case the
electrical generator trips while carrying high loads. Why are these devices necessary?
a. To stop the engine before any
serious damage occurs due to excess
inertial loads.
b. To stop the engine before any
serious damage occurs due to rapidly
changing cylinder pressures.
c. To stop the engine before any
serious damage occurs due to rapidly
changing thermal loads.
d. To stop the engine before any serious damage occurs to the electrical
components due to excess voltage and frequency.

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64. Medium and high speed diesel engines used for marine propulsion normally require
a reduction gearbox to be fitted in order to achieve suitable output speeds for the
propeller. What device is normally required in the drive arrangement in order to avoid
damage to the gearing due the torque variations of the diesel engine output?
a. A flexible coupling.
b. A flywheel.
c. A moment compensator.
d. A mechanical friction clutch.
65. Most medium and high speed diesel engines operate with mean piston speeds greater
than those for larger slow speed engines. What is the main design feature of these
engines which allows the higher mean piston speeds to be achieved without causing
unwanted failures?
a. Using composite pistons featuring steel
crowns and alloy skirts
b. Using directly cooled piston crowns with long
piston skirts.
c. Using cast iron single piece piston crowns
with a short piston skirt.
d. Fitting bronze rubbing bands to the piston skirts.
66. The bottom end bolts employed in 4 stroke diesel engines are usually given a finite
life and must be replaced periodically. What would be the normal failure mode that
would affect these bolts if they were not replaced as required?
a. Failure due to fatigue stresses
b. Failure due to torsional stresses
c. Failure due to tensile stresses
d. Failure due to bending stresses
67. What would be a typical setting for the overspeed trip to operate and shut down the
engine on a medium speed diesel engine?
a. 15% above engine rated speed
b. 1% above engine rated speed
c. 25% above engine rated speed
d. 5% above engine rated speed

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68. For a large 2-stroke diesel engine, what would be a typical set point for the low
pressure shut down for the lubricating oil inlet to the main bearings?

a. 1.0 Bar
b. 0.1 bar
c. 5.0 bar
d. 10.0 bar
69. Many large, slow speed diesel engines have direct oil cooling of the piston crowns
provided. An automatic slow down and alarm are sometimes fitted to protect against
failure of this system. Which parameter is usually used to initiate this slow down?

a. Low flow or no flow in the cooling oil return line.

b. High temperature of the piston crown.
c. Low pressure in the cooling oil return line.
d. Low oil pressure in the piston crown cooling space.

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70. Some diesel engines have alarm and slow down protection in the event of a fire in
the scavenge boxes. Choose the option which would be a typical set point for giving
a slow down of the engine in the event of a scavenge box fire?

a. 120° C
b. 50° C
c. 40° C
d. 150° C
71. What is the purpose of the relief valves fitted to the doors and casing of 2 stroke
diesel engine crankcases?

a. To relieve excess pressure in the crankcase resulting from a crankcase

explosion.
b. To relieve excess pressure in the crankcase resulting from piston rod gland
leakage.
c. To release any vapour formed by lubricating oil coming into contact with a
hot spot and so avoid overpressure in the crankcase.
d. To maintain a constant pressure in the crankcase.

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 DPKP

72. What would be a typical set point for emergency shut down of a large slow speed
diesel engine due to "lubricating oil inlet to camshaft" low pressure?

a. 1.5 bar
b. 0.4 bar
c. 5 bar
d. 0.1 bar
73. What would be a typical value for the set point for shut down of a large 2-stroke
diesel engine due to thrust bearing high temperature?

a. 85° C
b. 125° C
c. 65° C
d. 105° C
74. A high pressure, oil fired steam boiler operates with an automatic combustion control
system for start, stop and modulation of the burners. Which feature of the combustion
control system is intended to minimise the risk of blowback during normal operation?
a. Pre-purge of the furnace prior to burner ignition.
b. Post-purge of the furnace following burner shut off.
c. Burner shut down in the event of flame failure.

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d. Automatic retraction of the burner after shut off.

75. At what relative pressure should the superheater safety valve be set to lift at to ensure
that adequate steam flow is maintained through the superheater in the event of boiler
overpressure?
a. Less than the lift pressure of the main steam drum
safety valves.
b. Greater than the lift pressure of the main steam
drum safety valves.
c. The same as the lift pressure of the main steam
drum safety valves.
d. 3% above normal boiler working pressure
76. Many water tube boilers feature so called screen tubes. What is the purpose of these
screen tubes?
a. To protect the superheater from direct exposure to
the furnace.
b. To provide a gas tight chamber for the furnace.
c. To protect the boiler insulation from direct
exposure to the furnace.
d. To help remove any contaminants from the combustion gas that may foul
other parts of the boiler.

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77. Marine steam boilers are protected with a number of safety features which are
designed to prevent damage to the boiler due to overheating or overpressure. How is
this protection achieved when a very low water level condition (often referred to as
low low level) develops during operation?
a. All burners are automatically and immediately
shut off.
b. All burners are automatically set at minimum
firing rate.
c. The main and auxiliary feed control valves open
fully while all burners continue to operate.
d. All but one of the burners is shut off with the remaining burner being reduced
to minimum firing.
78. What is the maximum pressure that the safety valve on a steam boiler should be set
to lift?
a. At the maximum design or maximum
permitted working pressure of the boiler.
b. 3% above the normal working pressure of the
boiler.
c. 10% above the normal working pressure of the
boiler.
d. 3% above the maximum design pressure of the
boiler.
79. What is the purpose of the accumulation test required by Classification Societies for
boiler safety valves before the valves can be approved?
a. To check that the valves have sufficient
discharge capacity when operating to limit the
build up of pressure when the boiler is on full
firing rate.
b. To check how high the boiler pressure will go
before the safety valve operates.
c. To check the pressure at which the safety valve
will reset.

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 DPKP

d. To check that the maximum firing rate can raise the pressure above normal
working pressure.

1. The working cycle in case of four stroke engine is completed in following number of
revolutions of crankshaft
(a) 1/2
(b) 1
(c) 2
(d) 4
(e) 8.
Ans: c

2. In a diesel engine, the fuel is ignited by

(a) spark
(b) injected fuel
(c) heat resulting from compressing air that is supplied for combustion
(d) ignition
(e) combustion chamber.
Ans: c

3. Scavenging air in diesel engine means

(a) air used for combustion sent under pres-sure
(b) forced air for cooling cylinder
(c) burnt air containing products of combustion
(d) air used for forcing burnt gases out of engine's cylinder during the exhaust period
(e) air fuel mixture.
Ans: d

4. Supercharging is the process of

(a) supplying the intake of an engine with air at a density greater than the density of the
surrounding atmosphere
(b) providing forced cooling air
(c) injecting excess fuel for raising more load
(d) supplying compressed air to remove combustion products fully

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 DPKP

(e) raising exhaust pressure.

Ans: a

5. Does the supply of scavenging air at a density greater than that of atmosphere mean engine
is supercharged ?
(a) yes
(b) no
(c) to some extent
(d) unpredictable
(e) depends on other factors.
Ans: b

6. The ratio of indicated thermal efficiency to the corresponding air standard cycle efficiency
is called
(a) net efficiency
(b) efficiency ratio
(c) relative efficiency
(d) overall efficiency
(e) cycle efficiency.
Ans: c

7. Compression ratio of LC. engines is

(a) the ratio of volumes of air in cylinder before compression stroke and after compression
stroke
(b) volume displaced by piston per stroke and clearance volume in cylinder
(c) ratio of pressure after compression and before compression
(d) swept volume/cylinder volume
(e) cylinder volume/swept volume.
Ans: a

8. The air standard efficiency of an Otto cycle compared to diesel cycle for the given
compression ratio is
(a) same

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 DPKP

(b) less
(c) more
(d) more or less depending on power rating
(e) unpredictable.
Ans: c

9. The calorific value of gaseous fuels is expressed in terms of

(a) kcal
(b) kcal/kg
(c) kcal/m2
(d) kcal/n?
(e) all of the above.
Ans: d

11. If the intake air temperature of I.C. engine increases, its efficiency will
(a) increase
(b) decrease
(c) remain same
(d) unpredictable
(e) depend on other factors.
Ans: b

12. All heat engines utilize

(a) low heat value of oil
(b) high heat value of oil
(c) net claorific value of oil
(d) calorific value of fuel
(e) all of the above.
Ans: a

13. An engine indicator is used to determine the following

(a) speed
(b) temperature

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 DPKP

(c) volume of cylinder

(d) m.e.p. and I.H.P.
(e) BHP.
Ans: d

14. Fuel oil consumption guarantees for I .C. engine are usually based on
(a) low heat value of oil
(b) high heat value of oil
(c) net calorific value of oil
(d) calorific value of fuel
(e) all of the above.
Ans: b

17. If the compression ratio of an engine working on Otto cycle is increased from 5 to 7, the
%age increase in efficiency will be
(a) 2%
(b) 4%
(c) 8%
(d) 14%
(e) 27%.
Ans: d

18. In case of gas turbines, the gaseous fuel consumption guarantees are based on
(a) high heat value
(b) low heat value
(c) net calorific value
(d) middle heat value
(e) calorific value.
Ans: b

19. In a typical medium speed 4-stroke cycle diesel engine the inlet valve
(a) opens at 20° before top dead center and closes at 35° after the bottom dead center
(b) opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center

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(c) opens at 10° after top dead center and closes 20° before the bottom dead center
(d) may open or close anywhere
(e) remains open for 200°.
Ans: a

20. The pressure and temperature at the end of compression stroke in a petrol engine are of
the order of
(a) 4 - 6 kg/cm2 and 200 - 250°C
(b) 6 - 12 kg/cm2 and 250 - 350°C
(c) 12 - 20 kg/cm2 and 350 - 450°C
(d) 20 - 30 kg/cm2 and 450 - 500°C
(e) 30 - 40 kg/cm2 and 500 - 700°C.
Ans: b

21. The pressure at the end of compression in the case of diesel engine is of the order of
(a) 6 kg/cm
(b) 12kg/cmz
(c) 20 kg/cmz
(d) 27.5 kg/cmz
(e) 35 kg/cm
Ans: e

22. The maximum temperature in the I.C. engine cylinder is of the order of
(a) 500- 1000°C
(b) 1000- 1500°C
(c) 1500-2000°C
(d) 2000-2500°C
(e) 2500-3000°C
Ans: d

23. The thermal efficiecny of a diesel cycle having fixed compression ratio, with increase in
cut-off ratio will
(a) increase

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(b) decrease
(c) be independent
(d) may increase or decrease depending on other factors
(e) none of the above.
Ans: b

24. Pick up the wrong statement

(a) 2-stroke engine can run in any direction
(b) In 4-stroke engine, a power stroke is obtained in 4-strokes
(c) thermal efficiency of 4-stroke engine is more due to positive scavenging
(d) petrol engines work on otto cycle
(e) petrol engines occupy more space than diesel engines for same power output.
Ans: e

25. Combustion in compression ignition engines is

(a) homogeneous
(b) heterogeneous
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) laminar
(e) turbulent.
Ans: b

26. The fuel in diesel engine is normally injected at pressure of

(a) 5-10 kg/cm2
(b) 20-25 kg/cm2
(c) 60-80 kg/cm2
(d) 90-130 kg/cm2
(e) 150-250 kg/cm2
Ans: d

27. The specific fuel consumption per BHP hour for diesel engine is approximately
(a) 0.15 kg
(b) 0.2 kg

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 DPKP

(c) 0.25 kg
(d) 0.3 kg
(e) 0.35 kg.
Ans: b

28. The temperature of interior surface of cylinder wall in normal operation is not allowed
to exceed
(a) 80°C
(b) 120°C
(c) 180°C
(d) 240°C
(e) 320°C.
Ans: c

30. Crankcase explosion in I.C. engines usuall occurs as

(a) first a mild explosion followed by a bi explosion
(b) first a big explosion followed by a mil explosion
(c) both mild and big explosions occi simultaneously
(d) never occurs
(e) unpredictable.
Ans: a

31. Compression loss in I.C engines occurs duto

(a) leaking piston rings
(b) use of thick head gasket
(c) clogged air-inlet slots
(d) increase in clearance volume caused b bearing-bushing wear
(e) all of the above.
Ans: e

32. The specific fuel consumption per BH hour for a petrol engine is approximately
(a) 0.15 kg
(b) 0.2 kg

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 DPKP

(c) 0.25 kg
(d) 0.3kg
(e) 0.35 kg.
Ans: c

33. The air requirement of a petrol engine during starting compared to theoretical airequired
for complete combustion is
(a) more
(b) loss
(c) same
(d) may be more or less depending on engine capacity
(e) unpredictable.
Ans: b

34. The inlet value of a four stroke cycle I.C engine remains open for nearly
(a) 180°
(b) 125°
(c) 235°
(d) 200°
(e) 275°.
Ans: c

35. Which of the following is not an interns combustion engine

(a) 2-stroke petrol engine
(b) 4-stroke petrol engine
(c) diesel engine
(d) gas turbine
(e) steam turbine.
Ans: e

36. Pick up the false statement

(a) Thermal efficiency of diesel engine i about 34%
(b) Theoretically correct mixture of air am petrol is approximately 15 : 1

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 DPKP

(c) High speed compression engines operate on dual combustion cycle

(d) Diesel engines are compression ignition engines
(e) S.I. engines are quality-governed engines.
Ans: e

37. If one cylinder of a diesel engine receives more fuel than the others, then for that cylinder
the
(a) exhaust will be smoky
(b) piston rings would stick into piston grooves
(c) exhaust temperature will be high
(d) engine starts overheating
(e) scavenging occurs.
Ans: e

38. The output of a diesel engine can be increased without increasing the engine revolution
or size in following way
(a) feeding more fuel
(b) increasing flywheel size
(c) heating incoming air
(d) scavenging
(e) supercharging.
Ans: e

39. It the temperature of intake air in IC engines is lowered, then its efficiency will
(a) increase
(b) decrease
(c) remain same
(d) increase upto certain limit and then decrease
(e) decrease upto certain limit and then in-crease.
Ans: a

40. In a typical medium speed 4-stroke cycle diesel engine

(a) compression starts at 35° after bottom dead center and ends at top dead center

36
 DPKP

(b) compression starts at bottom dead center and ends at top dead center
(c) compression starts at 10° before bottom dead center and, ends just before top dead center
(d) may start and end anywhere
(e) none of the above.
Ans: a

41. For the same compression ratio

(a) Otto cycle is more efficient than the Diesel
(b) Diesel cycle is more efficient'than Otto
(c) both Otto and Diesel cycles are, equally efficient
(d) compression ratio has nothing to do with efficiency
(e) which is more efficient would depend on engine capacity.
Ans: a

42. The precess of breaking up or a lipuid into fine droplets by spraying is called
(a) vaporisation
(b) carburetion
(c) ionisation
(d) injection
(e) atomisation.
Ans: e

43. As a result of detonation in an I.C. engine, following parameter attains very high value
(a) peak pressure
(b) rate of rise of pressure
(c) rate of rise of temperature
(d) peak temperature
(e) rate of rise of horse-power.
Ans: b

44. Which of the following statements is correct?

(a) All the irreversible engines have same efficiency
(b) All the reversible engines have same efficiency

37
 DPKP

(c) Both Rankine and Caront cycles have same efficiency between same temperature limits
(d) All reversible engines working between same temperature limits have same-efficiency
(e) Between same temperature limits, both petrol and diesel engines have same efficiency.
Ans: d

45. Most high speed compression engines operate on

(a) Diesel cycle
(b) Otto cycle
(c) Dual combustion cycle
(d) Special type of air cycle
(e) Carnot cycle.
Ans: c

48. The accunmulation of carbon in a cylinder results in increase of

(a) clearance volume
(b) volumetric efficiency
(c) ignition time
(d) effective compression ratio
(e) valve travel time.
Ans: d

49. Which of the following medium is compressed in a Diesel engine cylinder

(a) air aione
(b) air and fuel
(c) air and lub oil
(d) fuel alone
(e) air, fuel and lub oil.
Ans: a

54. The air-fuel ratio of the petrol engine is controlled by

(a) fuel pump
(b) governor
(c) injector

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 DPKP

(d) carburettor
(e) scavenging.
Ans: d

55. In a typical medium speed, 4-stroke cycle diesel engine

(a) fuelinjection starts at 10° before to dead center and ends at 20° after tor dead center
(b) fuel injection starts at top dead center and ends at 20° after top dead center
(c) fuel injection starts at just before top dead center and ends just after top deac center
(d) may start and end anywhere
(e) none of the above.
Ans: a

56. Diesel fuel, compared to petrol is

(a) less difficult to ignite
(b) just about the same difficult to ignite
(c) more difficult to ignite
(d) highly ignitable
(e) none of the above.
Ans: c

57. In diesel engine the diesel fuel injected into cylinder would burn instantly at about
compressed air temperature of
(a) 250°C
(b) 500°C
(c) 1000°C
(d) 150CPC
(e) 2000°C.
Ans: c

58. When crude oil is heated, then which of the following hydrocarbon is given off first.
(a) kerosene
(b) gasoline
(c) paraffin

39
 DPKP

(d) diesel
(e) natural gas.
Ans: e

59. The rating of a diesel engine, with increase in airintlet temperature, will
(a) increase linearly
(b) decrease linearly
(c) increase parabolically
(d) decrease parabolically
(e) first decrease linearly and then increase parabolically.
Ans: b

60. A 75 cc engine has following parameter as 75 cc

(a) fuel tank capacity
(b) lub oil capacity
(c) swept volume
(d) cylinder volume
(e) clearance volume.
Ans: c

61. A heat engine utilises the

(a) calorific value of oil
(b) low heat value of
(c) high heat value of oil
(d) mean heat value of oil
(e) all of the above.
Ans: c

62. Gaseous-fuel guarantees are based on

(a) calorific value of oil
(b) low heat value of oil
(c) high heat value of oil
(d) mean heat value of oil

40
 DPKP

(e) all of the above.

Ans: b

63. Fuel consumption of diesef engines is not guaranteed at one quarter load because at such
low loads
(a) the friction is high
(b) the friction is unpredictable
(c) the small difference in cooling water temperature or in internal friction has a
disproportionate effect
(d) the engine is rarely operated
(e) none of the above.
Ans: c

64. Polymerisation is a chemical process in which molecules of a compound become

(a) larger
(b) slowed down
(c) smaller
(d) liquid
(e) gaseous.
Ans: a

65. The term scavenging is generally associated with

(a) 2-stroke cycle engines
(b) 4-stroke cycle engines
(c) aeroplane engines
(d) diesel engines
(e) high efficiency engines.
Ans: e

66. In diesel engine, the compression ratio in comparison to expansion ratio is

(a) same
(b) less
(c) more

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(d) variable
(e) more/less depending on engine capacity.
Ans: c

67. The cam shaft of a four stroke I.C. engine running at 1500 rmp will run at
(a) 1500 rpm
(b) 750 rpm
(c) 3000 rpm
(d) any value independent of engine speed
(e) none of the above.
Ans: b

68. Engine pistons 'are usually made of aluminium alloy because it

(a) is lighter
(b) wears less
(c) absorbs shocks
(d) is stronger
(e) does not react with fuel and lub oil.
Ans: a

69. Most high speed compression engines operate on

(a) Otto cycle
(b) Diesel cycle
(c) Dual cycle
(d) Carnot cycle
(e) Two stroke cycle.
Ans: c

70. The specific fuel consumption of a petrol engine compared to diesel engine of same H.P.
is
(a) same
(b) more
(c) less

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 DPKP

(d) less or more depending on operating conditions

(e) unpredictable.
Ans: b

71. A diesel engine as compared to petrol engine (both running ar rated load) is
(a) more efficient
(b) less efficient
(c) equally efficient
(d) unperdictable
(e) other factors will decide it.
Ans: a

72. The size of inlet valve of.an engine in comparison to exhaust valve is
(a) more
(b) less
(c) same
(d) more/less depending on capacity of engine
(e) varies from design to design.
Ans: b

74. In a cycle, the spark lasts roughly for

(a) 1 sec
(b) 0.1 sec
(c) 0.01 sec
(d) 0.001 sec
(e) 0.0001 sec.
Ans: d

75. Which of the following is false statement :

Excess quantities of sulphur in diesel fuel are Objectionable because it may cause the
following
(a) piston ring and cylinder wear
(b) formation of hard coating on piston skirts

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 DPKP

(c) oil sludge in the engine crank case

(d) detonation
(e) forms corrosive acids.
Ans: d

76. Which of the following is false statement. Some of the methods used to reduce diesel
smoke are as follows
(a) using additives in the fuel
(b) engine derating i.e. reducing the maxi-mum flow of fuel
(c) increasing the compression ratio
(d) adherence to proper fuel specification
(e) avoidance of overloading.
Ans: c

77. The fuel air ratio in a petrol engine fitted with suction carburettor, operating with dirty
air filter as compared to clean filter will be
(a) higher
(b) lower
(c) remain unaffected
(d) unpredictable
(e) none of the above.
Ans: a

78. Pick up the wrong statement about supercharging

(a) supercharging reduces knocking in diesel engines
(b) there can be limited supercharging in petrol engines because of detonation
(c) supercharging at high altitudes is essential
(d) supercharging results in fuel economy
(e) supercharging is essential in aircraft engines.
Ans: d

79. The actual volume of fresh charge admitted in 4-stroke petrol engine is
(a) equal to stroke volume

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 DPKP

(b) equal to stroke volume and clearance volume

(c) less than stroke volume
(d) more than stroke volume
(e) more than cylinder volume.
Ans: c

80. The magneto in an automobile is basically

(c) transformer
(b) d.c. generator
(c) capacitor
(d) magnetic circuit
(e) a.c. generator.
Ans: b

81. The reason for supercharging in any engine is to

(a) increase efficiency
(b) increase power
(c) reduce weight and bulk for a given out-put
(d) effect fuel economy
(e) none of the above.
Ans: c

82. The operation of forcing additional air under pressure in the engine cylinder is known as
(a) scavenging
(b) turbulence
(c) supercharging
(d) pre-ignition
(e) dissociation and carburretion of fuel.
Ans: c

83. Supercharging is essential in

(a) diesel engines
(b) gas turbines

45
 DPKP

(c) petrol engines

(d) aircraft engines
(e) marine engines.
Ans: d

84. The minimum cranking speed in case of petrol engine is about

(a) half the operating speed
(b) one-fourth of operating speed
(c) 250-300 rpm
(d) 60-80 rpm
(e) 10-20 rpm
Ans: d

85. In a typical medium speed 4 stroke cycle diesel engine

(a) exhaust valve opens at 35° before bot-tom dead center and closes at 20° after top dead
center
(b) exhaust valve opens at bottom 'dead center and closes at top dead center
(c) exhaust valve opens just after bottom dead center and closes just before top dead center
(d) may open and close anywhere
(e) none of the above is true.
Ans: a

86. Flash point of fuel oil is

(a) minimum temperature to which1 oil is heated in order to give off inflammable vapours
in sufficient quantity to ignite momentarily when brought in contact with a flame
(b) temperature at which it solidifies or congeals
(c) temperature at which it catches fire without external aid
(d) indicated by 90% distillation temperature, i.e. when 90% of sample oil has distilled off
(e) none of the above.
Ans: a

87. The mean effective pressure obtained from engine indicator indicates the
(a) maximum pressure developed

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 DPKP

(b) minimum pressure

(c) instantaneous pressure at any instant
(d) exhaust pressure
(e) average pressure.
Ans: e

88. For the same power developed in I.C. engines, the cheaper system is
(a) naturally aspirated
(b) supercharged
(c) centrifugal pump
(d) turbo charger
(e) none of the above.
Ans: b

89. Installation of supercharger on a four-cycle diesel engine can result in the following
percentage increase in power
(a) upto 25%
(b) upto 35%
(c) upto 50%
(d) upto 75%
(e) upto 100%.
Ans: e

90. Scavenging is usually done to increase

(a) thermal efficiency
(b) speed
(c) power output
(d) fuel consumption
(e) all of the above.
Ans: c

91. Which of the following is the lightest and most volatile liquid fuel
(a) diesel

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 DPKP

(b) kerosene
(c) fuel oil
(d) gasoline
(e) lub oil.
Ans: d

92. The theoretically correct air fuel ratio for petrol engine is of the order of
(a) 6 : 1
(b) 9 : 1
(c) 12 : 1
(d) 15 : 1
(e) 20 : 1.
Ans: d

93. Air fuel ratio for idling speed of a petrol engine is approximately
(a) 1 : 1
(b) 5 : 1
(c) 10:1
(d) 15 : 1
(e) 20 : 1.
Ans: c

94. Air fuel ratio at which a petrol engine can not work is
(a) 8 : 1
(b) 10 : 1
(c) 15 : 1
(d) 20 : 1 and less
(e) will work at all ratios.
Ans: d

95. For maximum power generation, the air fuel ratio for a petrol engine for vehicles, is of
the order of
(a) 9 : 1

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 DPKP

(b) 12 : 1
(c) 15 : 1
(d) 18 : 1
(e) 20: 1.
Ans: b

96. The following volume of air is required for consuming 1 liter of fuel by a four stroke
engine
(a) 1 m3
(b) 5 m3
(c) 5-6 m3
(d) 9-10 m3
(e) 15-18 m3.
Ans: d

97. Pour point of fuel oil is the

(a) minimum temperature to which oil is heated in order to give off inflammable vapours in
sufficient quantity to ignite momentarily when brought in contact with a flame
(b) temperature at which it solidifies or congeals
(c) it catches fire without external aid
(d) indicated by 90% distillation temperature i.e., when 90% of sample oil has distilled off
(e) temperature at which it flows easily.
Ans: b

98. A 5 BHP engine running at full load would consume diesel of the order of
(a) 0.3 kg/hr
(b) 1 kg/hr
(c) 3 kg/hr
(d) 5 kg/hr
(e) 10 kg/hr.
Ans: b

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 DPKP

99. Diesel engine can work on very lean air fuel ratio of the order of 30 : 1. A petrol engine
can also work on such a lean ratio provided
(a) it is properly designed
(b) best quality fuel is used
(c) can not work as it is impossible
(d) flywheel size is proper
(e) engine cooling is stopped.
Ans: c

101. A hmh flame speed is obtained in diesel engine when air fuel ratio is
(a) uniform throughout the mixture
(b) chemically correct mixture
(c) about 3-5% rich mixture
(d) about 10% rich mixture
(e) about 10% lean mixture.
Ans: d

102. The knock in diesel engine occurs due to

(a) instantaneous and rapid burning of the first part of the charge
(b) instantaneous atuo iginition of last part of charge
(c) delayed burning of the first part of the charge
(d) reduction of delay period
(e) all ot the above.
Ans: a

103. The air-fuel ratio in petrol engines-is controlled by

(a) controlling valve opening/closing
(b) governing
(c) injection
(d) carburettion
(e) scavenging and supercharging.
Ans: d

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 DPKP

104. Volatility of diesel fuel oil is

(a) minimum temperature to which oil is heated in order to give off inflammable vapours in
sufficient quantity to ignite momentarily when brought in contact with a flame
(b) temperature at which it solidifies or congeals
(c) it catches fire without external aid
(d) indicated by 90% distillation temperature, i.e., when 90% of sample oil has distilled off
(e) temperature at which it flows easily.
Ans: d

105. Which is more viscous lub oil

(a) SEA 30
(b) SAE 4£
(c) SAE 50
(d) SAE 70
(e) SAE 80.
Ans: e

106. In the opposed piston diesel engine, the combustion chamber is located
(a) above the piston (/;) below the piston
(c) between the pistons
(d) any when
(e) there is no such criterion.
Ans: c

107. A stoichiometric air-fuel ratio is

(a) chemically correct mixture
(b) lean mixture
(c) rich mixture for idling
(d) rich mixture for over loads
(e) the ratio used at full rated parameters.
Ans: a

108. In a naturally aspirated diesel engine, the air is supplied by

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(a) a supercharger
(b) a centrifugal blower
(c) a vacuum chamber
(d) an injection tube
(e) forced chamber
Ans: c

109. In loop scavenging, the top of the piston is

(a) flat
(b) contoured
(c) slanted
(d) depressed
(e) convex shaped.
Ans: b

110. In the crankcase method of scavenging, the air pressure is produced by

(a) supercharger
(b) centrifugal pump
(c) natural aspirator
(d) movement of engine piston
(e) reciprocating pump.
Ans: d

1. The working cycle in case of four stroke engine is completed in following number of
revolutions of crankshaft
A. 1/2
B. 1
C. 2
D. 4
E. 8.

2. In a diesel engine, the fuel is ignited by

A. spark
B. injected fuel

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C. heat resulting from compressing air that is supplied for combustion

D. ignition
E. combustion chamber.

3. Scavenging air in diesel engine means

A. air used for combustion sent under pres-sure
B. forced air for cooling cylinder
C. burnt air containing products of combustion
D. air used for forcing burnt gases out of engine's cylinder during the exhaust period
E. air fuel mixture.

4. Supercharging is the process of

A. supplying the intake of an engine with air at a density greater than the density of the
surrounding atmosphere
B. providing forced cooling air
C. injecting excess fuel for raising more load
D. supplying compressed air to remove combustion products fully
E. raising exhaust pressure.

5. Does the supply of scavenging air at a density greater than that of atmosphere mean engine
is supercharged ?
A. yes
B. no
C. to some extent
D. unpredictable
E. depends on other factors.

6. The ratio of indicated thermal efficiency to the corresponding air standard cycle efficiency
is called
A. net efficiency
B. efficiency ratio
C. relative efficiency
D. overall efficiency
E. cycle efficiency.

7. Compression ratio of LC. engines is

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A. the ratio of volumes of air in cylinder before compression stroke and after
compression stroke
B. volume displaced by piston per stroke and clearance volume in cylinder
C. ratio of pressure after compression and before compression
D. swept volume/cylinder volume
E. cylinder volume/swept volume.

8. The air standard efficiency of an Otto cycle compared to diesel cycle for the given
compression ratio is
A. same
B. less
C. more
D. more or less depending on power rating
E. unpredictable.

9. The calorific value of gaseous fuels is expressed in terms of

A. kcal
B. kcal/kg
C. kcal/m2
D. kcal/n?
E. all of the above.

11. If the intake air temperature of I.C. engine increases, its efficiency will
A. increase
B. decrease
C. remain same
D. unpredictable
E. depend on other factors.

12. All heat engines utilize

A. low heat value of oil
B. high heat value of oil
C. net claorific value of oil
D. calorific value of fuel
E. all of the above.

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13. An engine indicator is used to determine the following

A. speed
B. temperature
C. volume of cylinder
D. m.e.p. and I.H.P.
E. BHP.

14. Fuel oil consumption guarantees for I .C. engine are usually based on
A. low heat value of oil
B. high heat value of oil
C. net calorific value of oil
D. calorific value of fuel
E. all of the above.

17. If the compression ratio of an engine working on Otto cycle is increased from 5 to 7, the
%age increase in efficiency will be
A. 2%
B. 4%
C. 8%
D. 14%
E. 27%.

18. In case of gas turbines, the gaseous fuel consumption guarantees are based on
A. high heat value
B. low heat value
C. net calorific value
D. middle heat value
E. calorific value.

19. In a typical medium speed 4-stroke cycle diesel engine the inlet valve
A. opens at 20° before top dead center and closes at 35° after the bottom dead center
B. opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center
C. opens at 10° after top dead center and closes 20° before the bottom dead center
D. may open or close anywhere
E. remains open for 200°.

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20. The pressure and temperature at the end of compression stroke in a petrol engine are of
the order of
A. 4 - 6 kg/cm2 and 200 - 250°C
B. 6 - 12 kg/cm2 and 250 - 350°C
C. 12 - 20 kg/cm2 and 350 - 450°C
D. 20 - 30 kg/cm2 and 450 - 500°C
E. 30 - 40 kg/cm2 and 500 - 700°C.

21. The pressure at the end of compression in the case of diesel engine is of the order of
A. 6 kg/cm
B. 12kg/cmz
C. 20 kg/cmz
D. 27.5 kg/cmz
E. 35 kg/cm

22. The maximum temperature in the I.C. engine cylinder is of the order of
A. 500- 1000°C
B. 1000- 1500°C
C. 1500-2000°C
D. 2000-2500°C
E. 2500-3000°C

23. The thermal efficiecny of a diesel cycle having fixed compression ratio, with increase in
cut-off ratio will
A. increase
B. decrease
C. be independent
D. may increase or decrease depending on other factors
E. none of the above.

24. Pick up the wrong statement

A. 2-stroke engine can run in any direction
B. In 4-stroke engine, a power stroke is obtained in 4-strokes
C. thermal efficiency of 4-stroke engine is more due to positive scavenging
D. petrol engines work on otto cycle

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E. petrol engines occupy more space than diesel engines for same power output.

25. Combustion in compression ignition engines is

A. homogeneous
B. heterogeneous
C. both and
D. laminar

26. The fuel in diesel engine is normally injected at pressure of

A. 5-10 kg/cm2
B. 20-25 kg/cm2
C. 60-80 kg/cm2
D. 90-130 kg/cm2
E. 150-250 kg/cm2

27. The specific fuel consumption per BHP hour for diesel engine is approximately
A. 0.15 kg
B. 0.2 kg
C. 0.25 kg
D. 0.3 kg
E. 0.35 kg.

28. The temperature of interior surface of cylinder wall in normal operation is not allowed
to exceed
A. 80°C
B. 120°C
C. 180°C
D. 240°C
E. 320°C.

30. Crankcase explosion in I.C. engines usuall occurs as

A. first a mild explosion followed by a bi explosion
B. first a big explosion followed by a mil explosion
C. both mild and big explosions occi simultaneously
D. never occurs

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E. unpredictable.

31. Compression loss in I.C engines occurs duto

A. leaking piston rings
B. use of thick head gasket
C. clogged air-inlet slots
D. increase in clearance volume caused b bearing-bushing wear
E. all of the above.

32. The specific fuel consumption per BH hour for a petrol engine is approximately
A. 0.15 kg
B. 0.2 kg
C. 0.25 kg
D. 0.3kg
E. 0.35 kg.

33. The air requirement of a petrol engine during starting compared to theoretical airequired
for complete combustion is
A. more
B. loss
C. same
D. may be more or less depending on engine capacity
E. unpredictable.

34. The inlet value of a four stroke cycle I.C engine remains open for nearly
A. 180°
B. 125°
C. 235°
D. 200°
E. 275°.

35. Which of the following is not an interns combustion engine

A. 2-stroke petrol engine
B. 4-stroke petrol engine
C. diesel engine
D. gas turbine

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E. steam turbine.

36. Pick up the false statement

A. Thermal efficiency of diesel engine i about 34%
B. Theoretically correct mixture of air am petrol is approximately 15 : 1
C. High speed compression engines operate on dual combustion cycle
D. Diesel engines are compression ignition engines
E. S.I. engines are quality-governed engines.

37. If one cylinder of a diesel engine receives more fuel than the others, then for that cylinder
the
A. exhaust will be smoky
B. piston rings would stick into piston grooves
C. exhaust temperature will be high
D. engine starts overheating
E. scavenging occurs.

38. The output of a diesel engine can be increased without increasing the engine revolution
or size in following way
A. feeding more fuel
B. increasing flywheel size
C. heating incoming air
D. scavenging
E. supercharging.

39. It the temperature of intake air in IC engines is lowered, then its efficiency will
A. increase
B. decrease
C. remain same
D. increase upto certain limit and then decrease
E. decrease upto certain limit and then in-crease.

40. In a typical medium speed 4-stroke cycle diesel engine

A. compression starts at 35° after bottom dead center and ends at top dead center
B. compression starts at bottom dead center and ends at top dead center

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C. compression starts at 10° before bottom dead center and, ends just before top dead
center
D. may start and end anywhere
E. none of the above.

41. For the same compression ratio

A. Otto cycle is more efficient than the Diesel
B. Diesel cycle is more efficient'than Otto
C. both Otto and Diesel cycles are, equally efficient
D. compression ratio has nothing to do with efficiency
E. which is more efficient would depend on engine capacity.

42. The precess of breaking up or a lipuid into fine droplets by spraying is called
A. vaporisation
B. carburetion
C. ionisation
D. injection
E. atomisation.

43. As a result of detonation in an I.C. engine, following parameter attains very high value
A. peak pressure
B. rate of rise of pressure
C. rate of rise of temperature
D. peak temperature
E. rate of rise of horse-power.

44. Which of the following statements is correct?

A. All the irreversible engines have same efficiency
B. All the reversible engines have same efficiency
C. Both Rankine and Caront cycles have same efficiency between same temperature
limits
D. All reversible engines working between same temperature limits have same-
efficiency
E. Between same temperature limits, both petrol and diesel engines have same
efficiency.

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45. Most high speed compression engines operate on

A. Diesel cycle
B. Otto cycle
C. Dual combustion cycle
D. Special type of air cycle
E. Carnot cycle.

48. The accunmulation of carbon in a cylinder results in increase of

A. clearance volume
B. volumetric efficiency
C. ignition time
D. effective compression ratio
E. valve travel time.

49. Which of the following medium is compressed in a Diesel engine cylinder

A. air aione
B. air and fuel
C. air and lub oil
D. fuel alone
E. air, fuel and lub oil.

54. The air-fuel ratio of the petrol engine is controlled by

A. fuel pump
B. governor
C. injector
D. carburettor
E. scavenging.

55. In a typical medium speed, 4-stroke cycle diesel engine

A. fuelinjection starts at 10° before to dead center and ends at 20° after tor dead center
B. fuel injection starts at top dead center and ends at 20° after top dead center
C. fuel injection starts at just before top dead center and ends just after top deac center
D. may start and end anywhere
E. none of the above.

56. Diesel fuel, compared to petrol is

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A. less difficult to ignite

B. just about the same difficult to ignite
C. more difficult to ignite
D. highly ignitable
E. none of the above.

57. In diesel engine the diesel fuel injected into cylinder would burn instantly at about
compressed air temperature of
A. 250°C
B. 500°C
C. 1000°C
D. 150CPC
E. 2000°C.

58. When crude oil is heated, then which of the following hydrocarbon is given off first.
A. kerosene
B. gasoline
C. paraffin
D. diesel
E. natural gas.

59. The rating of a diesel engine, with increase in airintlet temperature, will
A. increase linearly
B. decrease linearly
C. increase parabolically
D. decrease parabolically
E. first decrease linearly and then increase parabolically.

60. A 75 cc engine has following parameter as 75 cc

A. fuel tank capacity
B. lub oil capacity
C. swept volume
D. cylinder volume
E. clearance volume.

61. A heat engine utilises the

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A. calorific value of oil

B. low heat value of
C. high heat value of oil
D. mean heat value of oil
E. all of the above.

62. Gaseous-fuel guarantees are based on

A. calorific value of oil
B. low heat value of oil
C. high heat value of oil
D. mean heat value of oil
E. all of the above.

63. Fuel consumption of diesef engines is not guaranteed at one quarter load because at such
low loads
A. the friction is high
B. the friction is unpredictable
C. the small difference in cooling water temperature or in internal friction has a
disproportionate effect
D. the engine is rarely operated
E. none of the above.

64. Polymerisation is a chemical process in which molecules of a compound become

A. larger
B. slowed down
C. smaller
D. liquid
E. gaseous.

65. The term scavenging is generally associated with

A. 2-stroke cycle engines
B. 4-stroke cycle engines
C. aeroplane engines
D. diesel engines
E. high efficiency engines.

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66. In diesel engine, the compression ratio in comparison to expansion ratio is

A. same
B. less
C. (G) more
D. variable
E. more/less depending on engine capacity.

67. The cam shaft of a four stroke I.C. engine running at 1500 rmp will run at
A. 1500 rpm
B. 750 rpm
C. 3000 rpm
D. any value independent of engine speed
E. none of the above.

68. Engine pistons 'are usually made of aluminium alloy because it

A. is lighter
B. wears less
C. absorbs shocks
D. is stronger
E. does not react with fuel and lub oil.

69. Most high speed compression engines operate on

A. Otto cycle
B. Diesel cycle
C. Dual cycle
D. Carnot cycle
E. Two stroke cycle.

70. The specific fuel consumption of a petrol engine compared to diesel engine of same H.P.
is
A. same
B. more
C. less
D. less or more depending on operating conditions
E. unpredictable.

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71. A diesel engine as compared to petrol engine (both running ar rated load) is
A. more efficient
B. less efficient
C. equally efficient
D. unperdictable
E. other factors will decide it.

72. The size of inlet valve of.an engine in comparison to exhaust valve is
A. more
B. less
C. same
D. more/less depending on capacity of engine
E. varies from design to design.

73. A two stroke crank compressed engine has following ports in the cylinder
A. suction port and exhaust port
B. transfer port only
C. suction port and transfer port
D. transfer port and exhaust port
E. suction port, exhaust port and transfer port.

74. In a cycle, the spark lasts roughly for

A. 0.1 sec
B. 0.01 sec
C. 0.001sec
D. 0.0001sec.
E. 1 sec

75. Which of the following is false statement :

Excess quantities of sulphur in diesel fuel are Objectionable because it may cause the
following
A. piston ring and cylinder wear
B. formation of hard coating on piston skirts
C. oil sludge in the engine crank case
D. detonation

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E. forms corrosive acids.

76. Which of the following is false statement. Some of the methods used to reduce diesel
smoke are as follows
A. using additives in the fuel
B. engine derating i.e. reducing the maxi-mum flow of fuel
C. increasing the compression ratio
D. adherence to proper fuel specification
E. avoidance of overloading.

77. The fuel air ratio in a petrol engine fitted with suction carburettor, operating with dirty
air filter as compared to clean filter will be
A. higher
B. lower
C. remain unaffected
D. unpredictable
E. none of the above.

78. Pick up the wrong statement about supercharging

A. supercharging reduces knocking in diesel engines
B. there can be limited supercharging in petrol engines because of detonation
C. supercharging at high altitudes is essential
D. supercharging results in fuel economy
E. supercharging is essential in aircraft engines.

79. The actual volume of fresh charge admitted in 4-stroke petrol engine is
A. equal to stroke volume
B. equal to stroke volume and clearance volume
C. less than stroke volume
D. more than stroke volume
E. more than cylinder volume.

80. The magneto in an automobile is basically

A. transformer
B. d.c. generator
C. capacitor

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D. magnetic circuit
E. a.c. generator.

81. The reason for supercharging in any engine is to

A. increase efficiency
B. increase power
C. reduce weight and bulk for a given out-put
D. effect fuel economy
E. none of the above.

82. The operation of forcing additional air under pressure in the engine cylinder is known as
A. scavenging
B. turbulence
C. supercharging
D. pre-ignition
E. dissociation and carburretion of fuel.

83. Supercharging is essential in

A. diesel engines
B. gas turbines
C. petrol engines
D. aircraft engines
E. marine engines.

84. The minimum cranking speed in case of petrol engine is about

A. half the operating speed
B. one-fourth of operating speed
C. 250-300 rpm
D. 60-80 rpm
E. 10-20 rpm

85. In a typical medium speed 4 stroke cycle diesel engine

A. exhaust valve opens at 35° before bot-tom dead center and closes at 20° after top
dead center
B. exhaust valve opens at bottom 'dead center and closes at top dead center

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C. exhaust valve opens just after bottom dead center and closes just before top dead
center
D. may open and close anywhere
E. none of the above is true.

86. Flash point of fuel oil is

A. minimum temperature to which1 oil is heated in order to give off inflammable
vapours in sufficient quantity to ignite momentarily when brought in contact with a
flame
B. temperature at which it solidifies or congeals
C. temperature at which it catches fire without external aid
D. indicated by 90% distillation temperature, i.e. when 90% of sample oil has distilled
off
E. none of the above.

87. The mean effective pressure obtained from engine indicator indicates the
A. maximum pressure developed
B. minimum pressure
C. instantaneous pressure at any instant
D. exhaust pressure
E. average pressure.

88. For the same power developed in I.C. engines, the cheaper system is
A. naturally aspirated
B. supercharged
C. centrifugal pump
D. turbo charger
E. none of the above.

89. Installation of supercharger on a four-cycle diesel engine can result in the following
percentage increase in power
A. upto 25%
B. upto 35%
C. upto 50%
D. upto 75%

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E. upto 100%.

90. Scavenging is usually done to increase

A. thermal efficiency
B. speed
C. power output
D. fuel consumption
E. all of the above

91. Which of the following is the lightest and most volatile liquid fuel
A. diesel
B. kerosene
C. fuel oil
D. gasoline
E. lub oil.

92. The theoretically correct air fuel ratio for petrol engine is of the order of
A. 6 : 1
B. 9 : 1
C. 12 : 1
D. 15 : 1
E. 20 : 1.

93. Air fuel ratio for idling speed of a petrol engine is approximately
A. 1 : 1
B. 5 : 1
C. 10:1
D. 15 : 1
E. 20 : 1.

94. Air fuel ratio at which a petrol engine can not work is
A. 8 : 1
B. 10 : 1
C. 15 : 1
D. 20 : 1 and less

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E. will work at all ratios.

95. For maximum power generation, the air fuel ratio for a petrol engine for vehicles, is of
the order of
A. 9 : 1
B. 12 : 1
C. 15 : 1
D. 18 : 1
E. 20: 1.

96. The following volume of air is required for consuming 1 liter of fuel by a four stroke
engine
A. 1 m3
B. 5 m3
C. 5-6 m3
D. 9-10 m3
E. 15-18 m3.

97. Pour point of fuel oil is the

A. minimum temperature to which oil is heated in order to give off inflammable vapours
in sufficient quantity to ignite momentarily when brought in contact with a flame
B. temperature at which it solidifies or congeals
C. it catches fire without external aid
D. indicated by 90% distillation temperature i.e., when 90% of sample oil has distilled
off
E. temperature at which it flows easily.

98. A 5 BHP engine running at full load would consume diesel of the order of
A. 0.3 kg/hr
B. 1 kg/hr
C. 3 kg/hr
D. 5 kg/hr
E. 10 kg/hr.

99. Diesel engine can work on very lean air fuel ratio of the order of 30 : 1. A petrol engine
can also work on such a lean ratio provided

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A. it is properly designed
B. best quality fuel is used
C. can not work as it is impossible
D. flywheel size is proper
E. engine cooling is stopped.

100. A diesel engine has

A. 1 valve
B. 2 valves
C. 3 valves
D. 4 valves
E. no valve.

101. A hmh flame speed is obtained in diesel engine when air fuel ratio is
A. uniform throughout the mixture
B. chemically correct mixture
C. about 3-5% rich mixture
D. about 10% rich mixture
E. about 10% lean mixture.

102. The knock in diesel engine occurs due to

A. instantaneous and rapid burning of the first part of the charge
B. instantaneous atuo iginition of last part of charge
C. delayed burning of the first part of the charge
D. reduction of delay period
E. all ot the above.

103. The air-fuel ratio in petrol engines-is controlled by

A. controlling valve opening/closing
B. governing
C. injection
D. carburettion
E. scavenging and supercharging.

Ans: d

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104. Volatility of diesel fuel oil is

A. minimum temperature to which oil is heated in order to give off inflammable vapours
in sufficient quantity to ignite momentarily when brought in contact with a flame
B. temperature at which it solidifies or congeals
C. it catches fire without external aid
D. indicated by 90% distillation temperature, i.e., when 90% of sample oil has distilled
off
E. temperature at which it flows easily.

Ans: d

105. Which is more viscous lub oil

A. SEA 30
B. SAE 4£
C. SAE 50
D. SAE 70
E. SAE 80.

Ans: e

106. In the opposed piston diesel engine, the combustion chamber is located
A. above the piston (/;) below the piston
B. between the pistons
C. any when
D. there is no such criterion.

Ans: c

107. A stoichiometric air-fuel ratio is

A. chemically correct mixture
B. lean mixture
C. rich mixture for idling
D. rich mixture for over loads
E. the ratio used at full rated parameters.

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108. In a naturally aspirated diesel engine, the air is supplied by

A. a supercharger
B. a centrifugal blower
C. a vacuum chamber
D. an injection tube
E. forced chamber

109. In loop scavenging, the top of the piston is

A. flat
B. contoured
C. slanted
D. depressed
E. convex shaped.

110. In the crankcase method of scavenging, the air pressure is produced by

A. supercharger
B. centrifugal pump
C. natural aspirator
D. movement of engine piston
E. reciprocating pump.

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