Recommendation:

1. Wind-turbine noise
 Develop improved tools for characterizing,
propagating, and controlling noise from wind
turbines, and develop more advanced analytical
methods to measure wind-turbine noise.
 Carry out additional measurements to verify low-
frequency sound reduction in houses, and develop a
set of tools in case a house requires additional low-
frequency noise reduction, for example, using special
insulation materials.
2. Visual Impact
 Develop an interactive visualization tool (an app) that
allows visualisation of a wind farm from any chosen
observation point, such as the neighbour’s own
house.
 Carry out further demonstrations of intelligent
aviation-obstruction lights for wind turbines using
radar control.
 Study the attraction effects on migrating birds at
existing offshore wind farms during day-light and
night-time.
3. Wind-turbine impact on radar systems
 Study radar-system performance with respect to the
size of an object (for example a ship or airplane) that
can be detected in or behind a wind farm, and
evaluate the performance of the radar during heavy
rain.
 Develop a simulation tool to assess radar-system
performance during heavy rain, and validate the tool
against measurements.
4. Birds
 Carry out studies that improve our understanding of
bird population sizes and trends, including their
migration systems and population dynamics.
 Carry out post-construction studies of bird-
displacement effects in terms of rate and distance
and possible behavioural adaptations nto wind farms
over time.
 Study the effects of bird displacement on additional
morality and reproduction rates.
 Develop improved technological solutions and sensor
systems for monitoring bird activity near wind
turbines, including identifying species, their direction,
and flight speed.
5. Marine Mammals
 Study the effect on harbor porpoises of piling noise
from the construction of monopole foundations, in
terms of temporary hearing loss.
 Study the North sea harbor porpoise population for
numbers, distribution, and movement patterns, to
improve understanding of the harbor porpoise.